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Articles 1081 - 1110 of 2158
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Raman Spectroscopic And Computational Analysis Of The Effects Of Noncovalent Interactions On Dmso, Ashton T. Nicholson
Raman Spectroscopic And Computational Analysis Of The Effects Of Noncovalent Interactions On Dmso, Ashton T. Nicholson
Honors Theses
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a widely used chemical in synthetic chemistry and also has unique and important biological applications. In the pure liquid, DMSO forms chain like structures of alternating sulfur and oxygen atoms due to its high self-association. However, it is known that DMSO/water mixtures form solutions with unique physical characteristics depending on the mole ratio. For instance, at a 1:2 ratio of DMSO/water a eutectic mixture forms with a freezing point of-70 C. Vibrational spectroscopy allows us to study the effects of noncovalent interactions when water and DMSO interact in solution. Spectral shifts can be analyzed in order …
Anchoring The Potential Energy Surfaces Of Homogenous And Heterogenous Dimers Of Formaldehyde And Thiofomaldehyde, Christina M. Holy
Anchoring The Potential Energy Surfaces Of Homogenous And Heterogenous Dimers Of Formaldehyde And Thiofomaldehyde, Christina M. Holy
Honors Theses
This work characterizes five stationary points of the formaldehyde dimer, (CH2O)2, two of which are minima, seven newly-identified stationary points of the formaldehyde/thioformaldehyde (mixed) dimer, CH2O/CH2S, four of which are minima, and five newly-identified stationary points of the thioformaldehyde dimer, (CH2S)2 , three of which are minima. Full geometry optimizations and corresponding harmonic vibrational frequencies were performed on CH2O and CH2S as well as each of the dimer configurations (Figures 3-5). The computations were carried out with second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2), with the heavy-auc-cc-pVTZ (haTZ) basis set. Additionally, thirteen density functional theory methods were employed: B3LYP, B3LYP-D3, B3LYP-D3(BJ), …
Detector Characterization Analysis Of The Initial Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (Ligo) Using Principal Component Analysis (Pca), Daniel Duddleston
Detector Characterization Analysis Of The Initial Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (Ligo) Using Principal Component Analysis (Pca), Daniel Duddleston
Honors Theses
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate transient noise events in data from the initial Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and to test detector characterization software developed by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration (LSC). Detector characterization is the process of identifying and removing noise that corrupts the data stream of the LIGO detectors. This is vital to improving the sensitivity of the LIGO interferometer and increasing the probability of detecting gravitational waves of astrophysical origin. The data analyzed in this thesis were collected in 2010 during the S6 (Enhanced LIGO) science run. Two software tools, PCAT and Omega Scans, were …
Implementation Of A Visualizer For Web Request Data Generated By An Internet Information Services Server, Daniel J. Garrett
Implementation Of A Visualizer For Web Request Data Generated By An Internet Information Services Server, Daniel J. Garrett
Honors Theses
I was tasked by Graham Green at FNC, Inc. to design a web tool that is capable of visualizing log data that is produced by FNC's many servers. These logs contain data that will warn Graham about web pages that are failing, servers that are experiencing heavy loads, and sundry other pieces of information, but the data is pure text, and each server has thousands of logs. A visual tool is needed to display necessary information about the data. Rather than make a graph for each individual purpose that might be needed, I built visualization tools that are customizable for …
The Origins Of An Everyday Behavior: Why Do People Share Meals?, David Lee
The Origins Of An Everyday Behavior: Why Do People Share Meals?, David Lee
Honors Theses
Humans are socially driven creatures that require constant interaction. One way humans have consistently expressed their social nature since prehistory is through sharing meals. Recent studies and literature were examined in order to investigate the roots behind why sharing meals has been the most consistent method of social output. Through careful reading and analysis, reasons behind why people share meals were traced in perspective levels. The biological and molecular aspect explains how humans evolved from prehistoric primates and their similarities associated with food consumption. Genetics and food preferences also play a role by allowing humans to taste food rather than …
Independence Polynomials And Extended Vertex Reduction, Jonathan Broom
Independence Polynomials And Extended Vertex Reduction, Jonathan Broom
Honors Theses
The independence polynomial of a graph is a polynomial whose coefficients number the independent sets of each size in that graph. This paper looks into methods of obtaining these polynomials for certain classes of graphs which prove too large to easily find the polynomial by traditional methods.
The Matrix Method Of Linear Dichroism, Kenna Collums
The Matrix Method Of Linear Dichroism, Kenna Collums
Honors Theses
This thesis discusses linear dichroism, and in particular the matrix method behind the spectroscopic technique. Linear dichroism uses the difference in the absorption of light that is parallel to the orientation axis and the absorption of light that is perpendicular to the orientation axis. From this process, the structure and function of molecules can be studied. The matrix method diagonalizes a Hamiltonian matrix with a unitary matrix. This Hamiltonian matrix is constructed from the transition energies, which are the diagonal elements, and coupling energies, which are off-diagonal elements.
Non-Covalent Interactions, Dative Bonding, And Electron Affinities: A Multi-Method Computational Study Of Boron Tetrahalides, Lance R. Ezell
Non-Covalent Interactions, Dative Bonding, And Electron Affinities: A Multi-Method Computational Study Of Boron Tetrahalides, Lance R. Ezell
Honors Theses
This study focuses on boron tetrahalides of the form BFXClY, where X + Y = 4, using the B3LYP, M06-2X, and MP2 methods with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. The various neutral and anionic species were constructed and optimized using the Gaussian 09 software package, and the equilibrium geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and energetics (specifically the electron affinity, vertical attachment and detachment energies, and stability with respect to dissociation) of each system are presented. The anionic species, due to their closed-shell electron configurations, have relatively high symmetry: Td for BF4- and BCl4-, C3v for BF3Cl- and BFCl3-, and C2v for BF2Cl2-. …
Shear Waves In Highly Concentrated Viscoelastic Wormlike Micellar Fluid, Rachel B. Crim
Shear Waves In Highly Concentrated Viscoelastic Wormlike Micellar Fluid, Rachel B. Crim
Honors Theses
Wormlike micellar fluids form by the self-aggregation of surfactant molecules in aqueous solution. These non-Newtonian fluids have been well studied and are used in the oil industry, hydraulics, and medical research. However, little is known regarding the structure of the three-dimensional networks in which the worms become entangled and possibly branched, especially at high concentrations. What is known is that this composition results in two distinctive fluid characteristics: viscoelasticity and strain-birefringence. The latter is exploited in this work in order to study the shear wave speed and attenuation in 500/300mM CTAB/NaSal fluid. Three different experiments were conducted using either a …
Dynamic Feature Extraction And User Classification Using Touchanalytics™, Clay Mcleod
Dynamic Feature Extraction And User Classification Using Touchanalytics™, Clay Mcleod
Honors Theses
Security systems for modern computing devices suffer from a multitude of weaknesses that can render users helpless against an attack on their system. Various attempts at incorporating human characteristics into security systems have achieved varying levels of success in improving security. In this paper, we study the usefulness of TouchAnalytics™ - a second-level security system that attempts to authenticate a user based on touch-data gathered from an interaction with the device. Through the use of machine learning algorithms, we developed a system that is successful at au- thenticating users, achieving under 0.05% False Authentication Rate (FAR). We conclude that the …
Synthesis And Characterization Of A New Bimetallic Catalyst, Gjl-46, And Its Use In The Catalytic Hydrosilylation Of Phenylacetylene, Gabriel J. Labonia
Synthesis And Characterization Of A New Bimetallic Catalyst, Gjl-46, And Its Use In The Catalytic Hydrosilylation Of Phenylacetylene, Gabriel J. Labonia
Honors Theses
A new bimetallic catalyst was synthesized from the metalation of 1,1'-(1,3-phenylene) bis(4-butyl-1 H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ium) iodide with silver oxide and the transmetalation of that complex with Rh(COD)2OTf. The structure of the compound, GJL-46, with molecular formula C34H46I2N6Rh2, was confirmed with mass spectra analysis, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The catalytic activity of the produced molecule, GJL-46, with molecular formula C34H46I2N6Rh2, in the hydrosilylation of phenylacetylene is reported.
The Tutte Polynomial Formula For The Class Of Twisted Wheel Graphs, Amanda Hall
The Tutte Polynomial Formula For The Class Of Twisted Wheel Graphs, Amanda Hall
Honors Theses
The 20th century work of William T. Tutte developed a graph polynomial that is modernly known as the Tutte polynomial. Graph polynomials, such as the Tutte polynomial, the chromatic polynomial, and the Jones polynomial, are at the heart of combinatorical and algebraic graph theory and can be used as tools with which to study graph invariants. Graph invariants, such as order, degree, size, and connectivity which are defined in Section 2, are graph properties preserved under all isomorphisms of a graph. Thus any graph polynomial is not dependent upon a particular labeling or drawing but presents relevant information about the …
Evaluating The Efficacy Of Small Basis Sets And The Counterpoise Procedure To Reproduce Complete Basis Set Limit Higher-Order Correlation Corrections For Weakly Bound Molecular Clusters, Cara M. Thorne
Honors Theses
The efficacy of small basis sets and the counterpoise procedure to accurately reproduce higher-order correlation corrections, which are routinely employed to estimate CCSD(T) interaction energies at the complete basis set (CBS) limit using an additive scheme, was examined through the study of four dispersion-dominated dimer systems. The dimers of acetylene (HCCH), cyanogen (NCCN), diphosphorous (P2) and 1,4-diphosphabutadiyne (PCCP) were studied in three different configurations: cross, parallel-displaced and t-shaped at the intermolecular distance corresponding to the minimum point on the CCSD(T) potential energy curve (PEC) for each system using MP2, CCSD and CCSD(T) methods in conjunction with eight basis sets from …
Synthesis Of An Unsymmetrical Ccc-Nhc Pincer Ligand Precursor, Brian Spurlock
Synthesis Of An Unsymmetrical Ccc-Nhc Pincer Ligand Precursor, Brian Spurlock
Honors Theses
The purpose of this study was to synthesize a 3-butyl-1-(3-(3-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl)phenyl)-4,5-dichloro-1H-imidazol-3-ium salt using an Ullmann-type copper coupling reaction. This salt would subsequently be metallated and evaluated for C-H bond activation and luminescence. However, NMR and MS spectra did not show evidence of conversion to the desired product under standard conditions so a model reaction was designed making use of recent findings concerning the Ullmann-type coupling of imidazoles to aryl halides. Specifically, an activated aryl halide with a larger leaving group was used with a more soluble base and a ligand for the copper. The desired product appears by ESI-MS to have …
Domain-Specific Probes For Calcium Binding To Neural Cadherin, Charles Ryan Humphries
Domain-Specific Probes For Calcium Binding To Neural Cadherin, Charles Ryan Humphries
Honors Theses
Cadherin is a major mediator of cell adhesion whose adhesive function is dependent upon calcium binding. However, the binding of calcium is not completely understood. The binding of calcium can be monitored using an abbreviated construct that contains only the first two extracellular domains (EC12) which includes two tryptophan residues, W2 and W113. Single tryptophan mutants were created which contain only W113 (W2A) and W2 (W113F). Fluorescence spectra were obtained of W2A, W113F, and WT in the presence and absence of calcium. Calcium titration data were collected for each protein. In both experiments, calcium binding increased the fluorescence signal of …
An Investigation Into Polyiodination Of Activated Benzene Derivatives With Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions, Dakota Gilbert
An Investigation Into Polyiodination Of Activated Benzene Derivatives With Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions, Dakota Gilbert
Honors Theses
The aim of this research is to investigate the periodination of benzene derivatives that are activated towards electrophilic aromatic substitution. In this research, a successful electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction was completed with procedures that used iodine with silver sulfate as an activating agent in the reaction mixture. The ball-milling technique with N-iodosuccinnimide as the iodinating reagent was also explored. Only one iodine was added onto 4-iodoanisole as the activated benzene derivative. When 2,4-dichloroanisole was the substrate, a small amount of diiodo product accompanied the monoiodo product, but no triiodo (periodinated) product was observed. Nonetheless, the trials of this research give …
Mercury In Fish In North Mississippi Reservoirs: Statistical Analysis And Risk Assessment, Stacy Wolff
Mercury In Fish In North Mississippi Reservoirs: Statistical Analysis And Risk Assessment, Stacy Wolff
Honors Theses
Mercury (Hg) is a pollutant of particular concern because it is wide-spread, persistent, and poses a serious risk to human health. Once released into the atmosphere, it cycles through the environment by a series of complex biogeochemical processes. Upon deposition to aquatic ecosystems, inorganic mercury can be transformed to methylmercury by microorganisms. Methylmercury is a known human neurotoxin that can bioacculmulate in fish tissue and biomagnify up aquatic food chains. Consumption of contaminated fish is the primary route of human exposure to methylmercury. The Mississippi Department of Health has issued fish consumption advisories for Grenada and Enid Lakes in the …
Identification Of A Phytotoxic Fungus And An Investigation Into The Isolation Of Its Phytotoxic Constituents, William E. Briscoe
Identification Of A Phytotoxic Fungus And An Investigation Into The Isolation Of Its Phytotoxic Constituents, William E. Briscoe
Honors Theses
A fungus was isolated from Hedera helix (English ivy) leaves experiencing necrosis and identified as Diaporthe eres by molecular techniques. The fungus was grown in potato dextrose broth medium and the culture medium was extracted with ethyl acetate. Bioassay guided fractionation of ethyl acetate extract of culture filtrate of this fungus led to the isolation of two phytotoxic compounds that are active against the seed germination of the monocotyledon Agrostis stolonifera at 1 mg mL-1. Structures of these active compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods and were determined 8-hydroxy-3.7-dimethylisochroman-1-one and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol. This is the first finding presented on the phytotoxic …
Shark Community Structure In Winyah Bay, Sc, Keenen Fryman
Shark Community Structure In Winyah Bay, Sc, Keenen Fryman
Honors Theses
Assessments of local shark stocks are vital to understand population trends and their causes. Local data are incomplete despite many studies over many years. The first published study listed all of the shark species found off the coast of SC (Bearden 1965). Following Bearden's work, Schwartz (2003) used a 30 year data set to describe the elasmobranchs found in NC and SC. In 2004, a survey of coastal habitats in southeast NC helped to identify the nursery habitat for C. acronotus, C. brevipinna, C. limbatus, C. obscurus, C. plumbeus, M. canis, R. terraenovae, S. tiburo, and S. lewini (Thorpe et …
How Does Climate Change Affect Coral Reefs?, Rachel Goff
How Does Climate Change Affect Coral Reefs?, Rachel Goff
Honors Theses
Climate change is a very real phenomenon that currently affects many of the ecosystems on Earth. Climate change occurs on a global scale and can be very detrimental to different environments. This occurrence can cause ocean warming, sea level rise, ocean acidification, and increased storm intensity. According to the EPA, the ocean's temperature has increased 1.4°F over the past century, and sea levels have risen 3.2 millimeters through the past 20 years. These changes to the oceans can greatly affect many of the ecosystems that reside in them. One of the main ecosystems that are being affected by climate change …
When All Seems Lost: A Discussion On The Implications Of Using Medicine For Scientific Advances, Rebecca Monterusso
When All Seems Lost: A Discussion On The Implications Of Using Medicine For Scientific Advances, Rebecca Monterusso
Honors Theses
When All is Lost is a creative non-fiction piece following the lives of two fictional characters living during World War" and the Holocaust. It is meant to discuss the moral quandary when human experimentation is used for the purpose of scientific advancement. The two main characters lives' are depicted in a series of modified scenes that describe what happens to them throughout the war. Leo Weinstock is a Jewish man who is chosen for the high-altitude experiments at Dachau after he is imprisoned during Kristallnacht. Erich, on the other hand, is a young, successful Luftwaffe pilot defending his country. Both …
Consolidation And Suspension Of Mud From Lake Lery And Relevance To Wetland Restoration In Louisiana, Edward L. Lo
Consolidation And Suspension Of Mud From Lake Lery And Relevance To Wetland Restoration In Louisiana, Edward L. Lo
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Distribution Of Seaside Sparrows (Ammodramus Maritimus) During The Breeding And Nonbreeding Seasons, Bonnie J. Slaton
Distribution Of Seaside Sparrows (Ammodramus Maritimus) During The Breeding And Nonbreeding Seasons, Bonnie J. Slaton
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of Peer-To-Peer Distributed Hash Algorithms In Improving Fault Tolerance In The Hadoop Running Environment, Benjamin R. Knaus
An Analysis Of Peer-To-Peer Distributed Hash Algorithms In Improving Fault Tolerance In The Hadoop Running Environment, Benjamin R. Knaus
Honors Theses
Cloud computing is a “new frontier” in the world of computing. One of the cloud architectures widely used is the Hadoop running environment. Hadoop consists of many parts—including MapReduce, TaskTrackers, and JobTrackers. Right now, there is no fault-tolerance for JobTrackers in Hadoop. This paper analyzes four different distributed hash algorithms (Pastry, Tapestry, CAN, and Chord) that could be implemented inside Hadoop to improve JobTracker fault-tolerance. We recommend Chord as the best suited for integration and improvement of Hadoop.
Design And Development Of A Low-Cost Handheld Picoammeter, Malcolm Stagg
Design And Development Of A Low-Cost Handheld Picoammeter, Malcolm Stagg
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Application Of Linear Sequences To Cryptography, Amanda C. Yeates
Application Of Linear Sequences To Cryptography, Amanda C. Yeates
Honors Theses
Cryptography is the study of a centuries–old technique of secretly transferring information between parties. Linear recurrences were the chosen method of encryption and decryption in the thesis. The Fibonacci sequence, with its Zeckendorf representation, allows for the flexibility of encoding any number desired based on a particular encoding technique used in the film Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows. The main goal is to find other linear recurrences that possess characteristics similar to the Fibonacci sequence to use as suitable substitutes for encoding. Different sequences were analyzed based on a number of criteria. In order for a sequence to be …
Design And Construction Of An Optical Tweezers, Pavel Aprelev
Design And Construction Of An Optical Tweezers, Pavel Aprelev
Honors Theses
We constructed an optical tweezers apparatus, used it to trap transparent micron-sized particles, and moved those particles within a sample by moving the sample relative to the focal point of the trapping beam. The optical trap was based on the fact that focused coherent light creates forces on dielectric objects that point towards the focal point. The magnitude and the span of the force are dependent on the size of the focal point of the beam - generally around 1µm - and the intensity of light. We used an 808 nm 200 mW laser and a piezoelectric stage to trap …
Market Mechanisms And Price Volatility In New York Electricity Markets, Kimberly Blecich
Market Mechanisms And Price Volatility In New York Electricity Markets, Kimberly Blecich
Honors Theses
The past two decades have born witness to a cascade of new legislation and market design measures to restructure the United States’ electric power industry from price-setting regulatory agencies to competitive markets. Deregulation was intended to increase competition and improve market efficiency while preserving the reliability of the transmission system. Results have varied in success, and deregulation has invariably led to an increase in both the overall price level of electricity and volatility of those prices. Investigating these deregulation consequences is crucial for market operations and retrospective analyses of deployed mechanism outcomes. The objective of this study is to extend …
A Cross-Country Analysis Of Energy Efficient Development, Nicholas Fleagle
A Cross-Country Analysis Of Energy Efficient Development, Nicholas Fleagle
Honors Theses
Maximizing energy efficiency, producing as much as possible with as little energy as possible, is something every country should be working toward. This study measures the efficiency of specific countries by examining the interrelationships that exist among each country’s energy consumption and such measures of development as health, education, income, access to essentials and CO2 emissions. It then analyses why certain countries are more efficient than others and how these inefficient countries can improve. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to generate a cross country comparison of energy efficiency scores over multiple dimensions of development. Pairs of inefficient countries and …
Cellular Automata And Music: A New Representation, Richard French
Cellular Automata And Music: A New Representation, Richard French
Honors Theses
For millenia, we’ve thought of musical composition as a purely human activity. However, we once also thought of an activity like chess to be purely human, but Deep Blue was able to defeat Kasparov in 1995 all the same. Could there perhaps be some tool or algorithm for musical composition that can replicate to some extent what human beings can do with music? This project explores this idea through the use of a tool called a cellular automaton. A cellular automaton is a grid space with a finite number of states for each of the ”cells” or ”squares” where a …