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Articles 1441 - 1470 of 1835

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Capability Of Integer Programming Algorithms In Solving Water Resource Planning Problems, Trevor C. Hughes, William J. Grenney, A. Bruce Bishop, Calvin G. Clyde, Rangesan Narayanan, Paul E. Pugner Jan 1976

Capability Of Integer Programming Algorithms In Solving Water Resource Planning Problems, Trevor C. Hughes, William J. Grenney, A. Bruce Bishop, Calvin G. Clyde, Rangesan Narayanan, Paul E. Pugner

Reports

The feasibility of optimizing large regional water resource planning problems by means of integer programming algorithms is analyzed. Two types of integer programming models are developed: (1) A water supply model including 23 separate but geographically related community systems; and (2) a river basin water quality model including 15 point sources of wastewater, 4 types of pollutants, 6 surveillance points, and 7 alternative treatment processes. The water supply model was structured as a mixed integer problem (some continuous variables included) while the water quality model was an all integer problem. Four integer programming algorithms were tested on the sample problems …


User Oriented Systems Analysis For Regional Municipal Water Supply Planning, Paul E. Pugner, Trevor C. Hughes Jan 1976

User Oriented Systems Analysis For Regional Municipal Water Supply Planning, Paul E. Pugner, Trevor C. Hughes

Reports

No abstract provided.


Iron Dynamics In A Gas-Water-Sediment Microcosm, Peter A. Cowan, V. Dean Adams, Donald B. Porcella Jan 1976

Iron Dynamics In A Gas-Water-Sediment Microcosm, Peter A. Cowan, V. Dean Adams, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

Iron dynamics in eutrophic systems were studied in the laboratory utilizing gas-water-Sediment phase sealed microcosms. Sediments from Hyrum Reservoir (2.4 percent iron by weight) were placed in the dark to simulate the hypolimnetic regions of a eutrophic impoundment. Iron both chemically and physically was readily available to microorganisms of the aqueous phase because iron in these systems was soluble. In the light microcosms, which simulated shallow littoral regions of eutrophic impoundments, iron was found in higher aqueous phase concentrations than was predicted chemically and physically; this was rationalized through biological mechanisms. The experiment was conducted in two phases: Phase I …


Nitrogen Cycling In Microcosms And Application To The Biology Of The Northern Arm Of The Great Salt Lake, John C. Stube, Frederick J. Post, Donald B. Porcella Jan 1976

Nitrogen Cycling In Microcosms And Application To The Biology Of The Northern Arm Of The Great Salt Lake, John C. Stube, Frederick J. Post, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

No abstract provided.


Evaluation Of The Addition Of Granular Media Filtration To Wastewater Treatment Plants To Meet New Standards, Madhusudan M. Dawda, M. L. Davidson, E. J. Middlebrooks Jan 1976

Evaluation Of The Addition Of Granular Media Filtration To Wastewater Treatment Plants To Meet New Standards, Madhusudan M. Dawda, M. L. Davidson, E. J. Middlebrooks

Reports

A dual media filtration study was carried out at the central Weber Wastewater Treatment Plant in Ogden, Utah, to evaluate its feasibility as a tertiary treatment to meet new effluent quality standards. A review of the literature indicated that dual media filters were more efficient than conventional single media sand filters because of the “in depth” filtration achieved by dual media filters. An experimental filter was operated at four different hydraulic loading rates, ranging from 3 to 6 gpm/ft 2 (122.10 to 244.20 1/min/m2), to evaluate its effects on effluent quality. Hydraulic loading rate was shown not to affect suspended …


Disposal Alternatives For Intermittent Sand Filter Scrapings Utilization And Sand Recovery, Jerry T. Elliott, Daniel S. Filip, James H. Reynolds Jan 1976

Disposal Alternatives For Intermittent Sand Filter Scrapings Utilization And Sand Recovery, Jerry T. Elliott, Daniel S. Filip, James H. Reynolds

Reports

A three phase study is used to develop disposal alternatives and cost analysis for algae laden sand scrapings removed from intermittent sand filters used to polish wastewater lagoon effluent. Phase I, Irrigation Technique, explores the feasibility of supplying sufficient water to sand scrapings to leach out entrapped material. Details of removal with amount of water applied are presented. Phase II, Soil Application, tests with lysimeters soil response to application of the algae laden sand material. Physical and chemical parameters are not markedly altered where algae laden sand is applied to the soil surface. Phase III, Plant Bioassays, grew tall fescue …


Hydrologic Impact Of Burning And Grazing On A Chained Pinyon-Juniper Site In Southeastern Utah, Gerald F. Gifford, John C. Buckhouse, Frank E. Busby Jan 1976

Hydrologic Impact Of Burning And Grazing On A Chained Pinyon-Juniper Site In Southeastern Utah, Gerald F. Gifford, John C. Buckhouse, Frank E. Busby

Reports

No abstract provided.


Colorado River Basin Modeling Studies: Proceedings Of A Seminar Held At Utah State University Logan , Utah July 16-18, 1975, Calvin G. Clyde, Donna H. Falkenborg, J. Paul Riley Jan 1976

Colorado River Basin Modeling Studies: Proceedings Of A Seminar Held At Utah State University Logan , Utah July 16-18, 1975, Calvin G. Clyde, Donna H. Falkenborg, J. Paul Riley

Reports

Preface: Computer modeling is an important and valuable tool for water resources planning and management. In recent years many different modeling approaches and techniques have been developed. Some have been applied in the Colorado River Basin. A brief and incomplete search showed over fifty reports on modeling in the Colorado River Basin alone. The main motivation for this Seminar was the indication that (1) much duplication of effort is occuring among Colorado River modeling studies due to lack of information and (2) much of the knowledge now available on modeling is not being effectively applied to real problems. The overall …


Coastal Data Acquisition, Compilation And Analysis, Virginia Beach Coastal Compartment, Southeastern Virginia : Quarterly Technical Status Report June 1 - August 31, 1976, Victor Goldsmith, Susan Strum, George Thomas Jan 1976

Coastal Data Acquisition, Compilation And Analysis, Virginia Beach Coastal Compartment, Southeastern Virginia : Quarterly Technical Status Report June 1 - August 31, 1976, Victor Goldsmith, Susan Strum, George Thomas

Reports

No abstract provided.


Shoreline Situation Report Cities Of Chesapeake, Norfolk, And Portsmouth, Dennis W. Owen, Lynne M. Rogers, Margaret H. Peoples, Robert J. Byrne, Carl H. Hobbs Iii Jan 1976

Shoreline Situation Report Cities Of Chesapeake, Norfolk, And Portsmouth, Dennis W. Owen, Lynne M. Rogers, Margaret H. Peoples, Robert J. Byrne, Carl H. Hobbs Iii

Reports

It i s the objective of this report to supply an assessment, and at least a partial integration, of those important shoreland parameters and characteristics which will aid the planners and the managers of the shorelands in making the best decisions for the utilization of this limited and very valuable resource. The report gives particular attention to the problem of shore erosion and to recommendations concerning the alleviation of the impact of this problem. In addition, we have tried to include in our assessment a discussion of those factors which might significantly limit development of the shoreline and, in some …


Application Of A Hydrologic Model To The Planning And Design Of Storm Drainage Systems For Urban Areas, George B. Shih, Eugene K. Israelsen, Robert N. Parnell, Jr., J. Paul Riley Jan 1976

Application Of A Hydrologic Model To The Planning And Design Of Storm Drainage Systems For Urban Areas, George B. Shih, Eugene K. Israelsen, Robert N. Parnell, Jr., J. Paul Riley

Reports

A generally applicable hybrid computer program is developed to simulate runoff from urban watersheds, and is applied to represent the outflow hydrographs of three urban watersheds located within Salt Lake County, Utah. The gaged outflow of the watersheds provided a means for comparing the observed and the simulated final outflow hydrographs. Each of the three watersheds was subdivided into spatial units or subzones, and the outflow hydrographs for each subzone were obtained by abstracting interceptions, infiltration, and depression storage from the rainfall hyetograph of each subzone. The resulting hydrograph outflow of each subzone was routed to the Jordan River, the …


An Economic Appraisal Of Reuse Concepts In Regional Water Supply Planning, Rangesan Narayanan, Bartell C. Jensen, A. Bruce Bishop, Kenneth S. Lyon Jan 1976

An Economic Appraisal Of Reuse Concepts In Regional Water Supply Planning, Rangesan Narayanan, Bartell C. Jensen, A. Bruce Bishop, Kenneth S. Lyon

Reports

Using a conceptual model of a water supply firm, the necessary conditions for production and market efficiency are derived when renovated wastewater is considered as a potential water resource. The nature and extent of the supply augmentation due to recycled reuse is demonstrated using classical optimization techniques. Three stages of short-run supply corresponding to no recycling, partial recycled reuse and complete recycling of all reclaimable water are identified through appropriate Lagrangian Multipliers as well as graphical techniques. A mathematical programming model is structured to determine the optimal water resource allocation and pricing policy for Salt Lake County. By maximizing the …


Management Of The Great Salt Lake: A Research Plan And Strategy, Craig T. Jones, Calvin G. Clyde, J. Paul Riley Jan 1976

Management Of The Great Salt Lake: A Research Plan And Strategy, Craig T. Jones, Calvin G. Clyde, J. Paul Riley

Reports

The primary purposes of this report are to indicate the following two research items in connection with the management of the water resource system of the Great Salt Lake:\ 1. Research needs and priorities. 2. A research coordination strategy. Research needs are identified by the report in terms of (1) various management, or use, categories (such as lake industries), and (2) the need to understand the physical characteristics of the lake system itself. The research needs are identified in each category as information (including data) or understanding gaps, in cases where there seems to be sufficient information, a research need …


Bsam: Basin Simulation Assessment Model Documentation And User Manual, Utah Water Research Laboratory Jan 1976

Bsam: Basin Simulation Assessment Model Documentation And User Manual, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.


Oyster Spatfall On Shellstrings In Virginia Rivers: 1975 Annual Summary, Dexter S. Haven, Paul C. Kendall Jan 1976

Oyster Spatfall On Shellstrings In Virginia Rivers: 1975 Annual Summary, Dexter S. Haven, Paul C. Kendall

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) conducts weekly surveys from June through early October to obtain oyster spatfall information. Spat counts are made from oyster shells strung on wire and · suspended from stakes on public and private beds. The number of spat on shells are counted each week of the spawning season to determine the potential of a particular area for receiving a strike and to predict the most likely period the strikes will occur. Shells .planted just before the period of maximum set have the best chance of getting a good strike.


Shore Erosion At Tangier Island, Robert J. Byrne Jan 1976

Shore Erosion At Tangier Island, Robert J. Byrne

Reports

Tangier Island, in Accomack County, Virginia, is the southernmost of a series of islands separating Chesapeake Bay from Tangier and Pocomoke Sounds (Figure 1) . With the exception of three sand ridges, which are the populated areas, the island is low lying marsh and tidal flat deposits with elevations generally below 6 feet (MLW datum).


Shoreline Situation Report Prince William County, Virginia, Lynne M. Rogers, Dennis W. Owen, Margaret H. Peoples, Robert J. Byrne, Carl H. Hobbs Iii Jan 1976

Shoreline Situation Report Prince William County, Virginia, Lynne M. Rogers, Dennis W. Owen, Margaret H. Peoples, Robert J. Byrne, Carl H. Hobbs Iii

Reports

No abstract provided.


Coastal Data Acquisition, Compilation And Analysis, Virginia Beach Coastal Compartment, Southeastern Virginia : Quarterly Technical Status Report December 1, 1975 - February 29, 1976, Victor Goldsmith, Susan Strum, George Thomas Jan 1976

Coastal Data Acquisition, Compilation And Analysis, Virginia Beach Coastal Compartment, Southeastern Virginia : Quarterly Technical Status Report December 1, 1975 - February 29, 1976, Victor Goldsmith, Susan Strum, George Thomas

Reports

No abstract provided.


Vims Statement Portsmouth Refinery, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science Jan 1976

Vims Statement Portsmouth Refinery, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

With regard to the Proposed Final Environmental Impact Statement issued by the U. S. Army Corps for the Portsmouth Refinery and Marine Terminal , we shall comment on four subject areas which the statement discusses.· These are 1) the potential impact of new pollutant loadings in the lower James River, · 2) the potential impact of oil spills, 3) transportation risks and 4) the effects of dredging for the marine terminal. In addition, comments are included which address: 1) interagency communications regarding oil spills in the Bay region, 2) safety precautions taken during the transportation of oil by vessels in …


Fine Scale Circulation Near "Foxtrot" In Hampton Roads, Virginia, Christopher S. Welch, Bruce J. Neilson Jan 1976

Fine Scale Circulation Near "Foxtrot" In Hampton Roads, Virginia, Christopher S. Welch, Bruce J. Neilson

Reports

During 1974 the Virginia Institute of Marine Science conducted a series of oceanographic, water quality and modeling studies for the outfall from the proposed Nansemond Wastewater Treatment Plant (VIMS, 1975). One of these studies included dye releases to determine the dispersion and transport of material discharged to Hampton Roads near Pig Point. These dye releases were made from the munitions loading piers known as "Foxtrot".

The proposed outfall, as given in the Facilities Plan is located roughly one kilometer to the east-south-east of Foxtrot. Tidal circulation in Hampton Roads is quite complex and there was concern that the distribution patterns …


Coastal Data Acquisition, Compilation And Analysis, Virginia Beach Coastal Compartment, Southeastern Virginia : Quarterly Technical Status Report March 1 - May 31, 1976, Victor Goldsmith, Susan Strum, George Thomas Jan 1976

Coastal Data Acquisition, Compilation And Analysis, Virginia Beach Coastal Compartment, Southeastern Virginia : Quarterly Technical Status Report March 1 - May 31, 1976, Victor Goldsmith, Susan Strum, George Thomas

Reports

No abstract provided.


Water Quality In The Small Coastal Basins, Bruce J. Neilson Jan 1976

Water Quality In The Small Coastal Basins, Bruce J. Neilson

Reports

The Small Coastal Basins portion of the Hampton Raods 208 study area includes the Back and Poquoson Rivers on the Virginia Peninsula and Little Creek Harbor and the Lynnhaven Bay system on the southern shore of Chesapeake Bay, as shown in Figure 1. The drainage areas are characteristically small, ranging from only 63 square kilometers for Little Creek Harbor to 156 sq. km,for the Lynnhaven Bay system. All four basins lie entirely within the geological Coastal Plain Province, the low lying area between the Fall Line and the Atlantic Ocean. The soft sediments typical of this province erode easily, so …


Shoreline Situation Report Gloucester County, Virginia, Gary L. Anderson, Gaynor B. Williams, Margaret H. Peoples, Lee Weishar, Robert J. Byrne, Carl H. Hobbs Iii Jan 1976

Shoreline Situation Report Gloucester County, Virginia, Gary L. Anderson, Gaynor B. Williams, Margaret H. Peoples, Lee Weishar, Robert J. Byrne, Carl H. Hobbs Iii

Reports

No abstract provided.


Rare And Newly Recorded Chondricthyian And Teleostean Fishes Of The Continental Slope Of West Africa, G. A. Golovan Jan 1976

Rare And Newly Recorded Chondricthyian And Teleostean Fishes Of The Continental Slope Of West Africa, G. A. Golovan

Reports

This paper is composed primarily of species descriptions and accounts, and as such contains a very large number of abbreviations and numerals in the text. Inasmuch as the material presented in this form is central to the content of the paper, very great care was taken in transposing and checking this information between this translation and the original Russian version.


Ecological Study Of The Tidal Segment Of The James River Encompassing Hog Point : 1975 Final Technical Report, R. A. Jordan, R. K. Carpenter, P. A. Goodwin, C. G. Becker, M. S. Ho, G. C. Grant, B. B. Bryan, J. V. Merriner, A. D. Estes Jan 1976

Ecological Study Of The Tidal Segment Of The James River Encompassing Hog Point : 1975 Final Technical Report, R. A. Jordan, R. K. Carpenter, P. A. Goodwin, C. G. Becker, M. S. Ho, G. C. Grant, B. B. Bryan, J. V. Merriner, A. D. Estes

Reports

Volume 1: Technical Reports

  • Section 1: River Biota and Phytoplankton Entrainment Studies at the VEPCO Surry Nuclear Power Station
  • Section 2: Zooplankton Entrainment at the Surry Nuclear Power Plant, James River, Virginia by G. C. Grant and B. B. Bryan
  • Section 3:
  • a. Plant Entrainment of Ichthyoplankton at the VEPCO Nuclear Power Station by J. V. Merriner and A. D. Estes
  • b: Thermal Plume Entrainment of Ichthyoplankton at the· VEPCO Nuclear Power Station by J. V. Merriner and A. D. Estes


Southern Chesapeake Bay Water Color And Circulation Analysis, Maynard M. Nichols, Hayden H. Gordon Oct 1975

Southern Chesapeake Bay Water Color And Circulation Analysis, Maynard M. Nichols, Hayden H. Gordon

Reports

Satellite imagery from two EREP passes over the Rappahannock Estuary of the Chesapeake region are analyzed to chart colored water types, to delineate color boundaries and define circulatory patterns.


The Effects Of Artificial Destratification On The Water Quality And Microbial Populations Of Hyrum Reservoir, Douglas D. Drury, Donald B. Porcella, Robert A. Gearheart Jun 1975

The Effects Of Artificial Destratification On The Water Quality And Microbial Populations Of Hyrum Reservoir, Douglas D. Drury, Donald B. Porcella, Robert A. Gearheart

Reports

Artificial destratification is being increasingly used in attempts to improve water quality and control eutrophication. Most of the artificial destratification efforts are being conducted by public water supply utilities in efforts to improve reservoir water quality for culinary purposes. At present, artificial destratification is being conducted without a complete understanding of the process or its effects on the reservoir. Whether or not artificial destratification can control algal growth and other microbial processes is a controversial question. The effect of artificial destratification on the microbial flora must be understood if it is to be used effectively as a management tool in …


Water As A Factor In Energy Resources Development, A. Bruce Bishop, Melvin D. Chambers, William O. Mace, David W. Mills Jun 1975

Water As A Factor In Energy Resources Development, A. Bruce Bishop, Melvin D. Chambers, William O. Mace, David W. Mills

Reports

Water, in many cases, is a key factor in the development of energy resources in the western states. The total water supply available in the arid west is fixed; yet potential water uses in the region are growing continually. In fact, in many areas quantities of water desired to be put to beneficial use has already surpassed the limit of local supplies as indicated by filings for water rights. The availability of water, in adequate quantities and of suitable quality, is one of the essentials to the economic viability of some economic sectors in the states in the Colorado River …


Water Quality As An Approach To Managing Recreational Use And Development On A Mountain Watershed: South Fork Of The Ogden River-Ogden Valley Area, Bruce A. Johnson, E. Joe Middlebrooks Jun 1975

Water Quality As An Approach To Managing Recreational Use And Development On A Mountain Watershed: South Fork Of The Ogden River-Ogden Valley Area, Bruce A. Johnson, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

The South Fork of the Ogden River, one of several heavily used mountain watersheds along Utah's Wasatch Front, was studied between February 1 and November 1, 1974, to determine the effects of recreation on water quality.

Although the greatest impacts on water quality occurred during spring runoff, it was found that recreational use had a definite effect on water quality. Bacteriological parameters were found to be the most sensitive indicators of contamination.

Differences between heavy weekend and light weekday recreational use were reflected by differences in bacteriological counts. Also, it appears that changes in bacterial water quality were more closely …


Salinity And Temperature Monitoring System Data For The Lower Rappahannock River Estuary, 1972-1974, G. C. Parker, C. S. Fang May 1975

Salinity And Temperature Monitoring System Data For The Lower Rappahannock River Estuary, 1972-1974, G. C. Parker, C. S. Fang

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) installed two remote monitoring stations in the lower reaches of the Rappahannock River to obtain continuous temperature and salinity measurements near the surface and the bottom. The first station was installed at the base of a concrete support of the Rappahannock River (Norris) Bridge, near the mouth of the, river (Figure 1). The second station was installed on the base of Navigation Aid Tower Number 9 just off of Smokey Point, roughly 11 nautical miles upstream from the Norris Bridge. Each station consisted of two salinity and t«~perature probes, one located 6 feet …