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Articles 15901 - 15930 of 16621
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Roundup Ready Alfalfa Update, Daniel O. Foor
Roundup Ready Alfalfa Update, Daniel O. Foor
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
No abstract provided.
Establishing Alfalfa Using No-Till Techniques, Gary Bates
Establishing Alfalfa Using No-Till Techniques, Gary Bates
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
There have been many changes in agriculture over the last 50 years. One of the greatest has been the use of no-till planting methods. The development of drill and herbicides has made no-till seedings as successful as seeding into prepared land.
Measuring Hay Temperatures, Doug Overhults
Measuring Hay Temperatures, Doug Overhults
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
It is well known that baling hay at the right moisture content is the key to preventing excessive heating in the bale. It can be quite a challenge, though, to get all of the hay baled without some of it being a bit wetter than is desirable. That’s when trouble can begin, and we have to be concerned about heating that could damage the hay or even lead to spontaneous combustion. Fortunately, the heating process does take some time to develop and we do know what temperatures signal that a critical situation may be developing. So, monitoring bale or stack …
Fertilizing Alfalfa For Profit, Monroe Rasnake
Fertilizing Alfalfa For Profit, Monroe Rasnake
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Alfalfa has a high yield potential in relation to most other forages. However, this potential can only be realized on a long-term basis if the nutrient needs of the plant are adequately provided for. In addition, the ability of alfalfa plants to survive the heat and drought of summer and the cold of winter depends on an abundant supply of plant nutrients.
Grazing Alfalfa, Garry D. Lacefield
Grazing Alfalfa, Garry D. Lacefield
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Over the past decade we have had several people address “Alfalfa as a Grazing Crop” including Warren Thompson, Gary Bates, Ken Johnson, Jason Sandefur, Byron Sleugh, and myself. Each has done an excellent job discussing the merits of this remarkable crop and the opportunities it offers for grazing. At the end of the Conference last year, I (as I always do) asked for your suggestions concerning topics for this years’ conference. As it has been for the past decade, “Grazing” was the most requested topic. In today’s presentation, let’s go back and revisit the question, “Is Grazing Alfalfa Right for …
Foreword And Recipients Of Kentucky Alfalfa Awards [2004], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Foreword And Recipients Of Kentucky Alfalfa Awards [2004], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
No abstract provided.
Efficient Grazing Systems: Putting Pieces Together, Charles T. Dougherty
Efficient Grazing Systems: Putting Pieces Together, Charles T. Dougherty
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Pros and cons of grazing systems are well-known to this audience. Efficient grazing systems, however, are a different story. What is an efficient grazing system? I think we could argue that topic until the cows come home and I do not believe we could come to any agreement. I am going to approach the subject of efficiency from several angles but you will probably see them differently. Economic efficiencies will not be covered.
Kentucky Goat Friendly Pasture Concepts, Terry Hutchens
Kentucky Goat Friendly Pasture Concepts, Terry Hutchens
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Goats are accomplished grazers of grass and browse plants. In addition, they can be managed within a grazing system both intensively or extensively as long as quality forage is made available. Goats are facultative browsers, they prefer to feed at eye level and upward and then feed on forage from the top of the plant down. Goats prefer to move freely from plant to plant-removing foliage from select portions of plants. Foliage meals are dictated by quality factors that insure adequate protein and energy levels. Each stem or leaf is clipped with precision leaving the forage residue standing equal in …
Effective Use Of Pastures For Horses, Robert Coleman
Effective Use Of Pastures For Horses, Robert Coleman
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Pastures can serve two very necessary functions for the care and maintenance of horses. Not only do these areas of grasses and legumes provide a place for the horse to exercise, they can provide a significant portion of the horse’s nutrient requirement. Horses evolved as a grazing animal, so it is reasonable that many classes of horse can be adequately maintained on well-managed pastures.
The Economics Of Integrating Crop Land To Mig Grazing, Edward N. Ballard
The Economics Of Integrating Crop Land To Mig Grazing, Edward N. Ballard
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Illinois soils vary in their properties and producing capacities. Large areas of the state have soils that are among the most productive in the world. Other areas have soils that, because they are too steep or droughty or have some other undesirable features, are not the most productive for corn and soybeans.
However, over the past 30 years there has been a trend to place more acres in Illinois in corn and soybeans and less acres in small grains, legumes and pasture crops. Government incentive programs have encouraged more acres to be place into corn and soybean production.
Environmental Benefits With Improved Grazing, David Stipes
Environmental Benefits With Improved Grazing, David Stipes
Kentucky Grazing Conference
The public is becoming better educated about the environment and will continually question activities that are perceived as being harmful to soil, water, air, plants, people, animals and other concerns. Livestock producers who implement well-planned grazing management systems have an excellent opportunity to compliment both production and natural resource conservation considerations. All segments of the population involved in production agriculture will be held accountable for environmental impacts that result from their operation. A proactive approach is needed by livestock and other agricultural producers to sustain the protection of the environment that is in harmony with a healthy ecosystem. All those …
Grazing Systems For Beef Cattle, John Johns
Grazing Systems For Beef Cattle, John Johns
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Beef cattle represent the most important grazing livestock enterprise to Kentucky producers. As of January 1, 2003 there were 1,120,000 producing beef brood cows on 39,000 farms in the state. In addition, more than 600,000 yearling cattle are also produced. The number of total beef animals is increasing as producers put more economic reliance on beef and forage programs. In many cases, beef cattle represent the only practical method of converting high quality forage to income for producers.
Grazing Systems For Dairy, Donna M. Amaral-Phillips
Grazing Systems For Dairy, Donna M. Amaral-Phillips
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Forages which are grazed can provide anywhere from 25 to 100% of the forage consumed by growing dairy heifers, dry cows or the milking herd. In this paper, I would like to specifically deal with devising a grazing program for a dairy lactating or milking herd. Lactating dairy cows are a “high performance animal” and, as such, any decreases in the availability or quality of forage can quickly decrease milk production. Thus, the goal when designing a grazing system is to provide adequate quantities of high-quality, vegetative forage to prevent decreases in performance. These decreases in performance occur in all …
Opportunities For Warm Season Grasses, Ken Johnson
Opportunities For Warm Season Grasses, Ken Johnson
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Today I would like to do two things, first talk a little about warm season grasses, where they come from, and where they might fit in your grazing program; and second, talk about the four major native grass species and two introduced species.
Native warm season perennial grasses were an important part of the native forage species of Kentucky, supplying food and cover for deer, buffalo, and other wildlife when settlers arrived into Kentucky. With settlers plowing, overgrazing, and the introduction of other forages, Native Warm Season Grasses (NWSGs) were on the brink of extinction. These grasses included switchgrass, eastern …
Optimize Grazing--Minimize Stored Feed, Garry D. Lacefield
Optimize Grazing--Minimize Stored Feed, Garry D. Lacefield
Kentucky Grazing Conference
The title “Optimize Grazing – Minimize Stored Feed” appears to be a bit redundant at first glance. Indeed if we optimize grazing, we will certainly minimize the amount of stored feed required to winter our animals. Putting both concepts together can serve as a reminder of the tremendous benefit of both.
Grazing represents the cheapest source of nutrients for our beef industry. Several studies have shown that the best predictor of profitability in the beef industry is cost of stored feed. In Kentucky, specifically, that means cost/amount of hay required to winter on beef animals.
Foreword And Kfgc Award Winners [2003], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Foreword And Kfgc Award Winners [2003], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Kentucky Grazing Conference
No abstract provided.
Modeling And Design To Detect Interaction Of Insecticides, Herbicides And Other Similar Compounds, Timothy E. O'Brien
Modeling And Design To Detect Interaction Of Insecticides, Herbicides And Other Similar Compounds, Timothy E. O'Brien
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
This paper discusses model and experimental design aspects of agricultural studies aimed at discerning antagonism or synergy between two or more insecticides, herbicides, or other similar compounds. The developed methods involve a broad class of generalised nonlinear models, which are easily fitted to data using popular statistical packages such as the NLMIXED procedure in SAS® software. Sample computer code is given in the Appendix.
Comparing Correlated Parameter Estimates For Nonlinear Pet Model, J. Wu, A. Parkhurst, K. Eskridge, D. Travnicek, T. Brown-Brandi, R. Eigenberg, G. L. Hahn, J. Nienaber, T. Mader, D. Spiers
Comparing Correlated Parameter Estimates For Nonlinear Pet Model, J. Wu, A. Parkhurst, K. Eskridge, D. Travnicek, T. Brown-Brandi, R. Eigenberg, G. L. Hahn, J. Nienaber, T. Mader, D. Spiers
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
The nonlinear PET model based on Newton's law of cooling can be used to estimate body temperature in cattle, T b challenged by hot cyclic chamber temperatures, T a . The PET model has four biologically meaningful parameters: K, the thermal constant; Δ, the difference between T b and adjusted T a ; Υ the proportion of variation in T b comparable to variation in Ta ; T bini, the initial body temperature. The two parameters Y and Δ are highly correlated in the current version of the model. This study looks at other ways to parameterize …
Statistical Analysis Of The Effects Of Mixing Potato Varieties On Late Blight, Z. Su, K. A. Garrett, L. N. Zuniga, E. Roncal, G. A. Forbes, C. C. Mundt, R. J. Nelson
Statistical Analysis Of The Effects Of Mixing Potato Varieties On Late Blight, Z. Su, K. A. Garrett, L. N. Zuniga, E. Roncal, G. A. Forbes, C. C. Mundt, R. J. Nelson
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
A field study in two regions of Peru was conducted to determine how host-diversity effects on potato late blight varied geographically. Foliar disease severity was evaluated separately for the potato varieties in mixtures as well as in the single-variety plots. The TAUDPC (truncated area under the disease progress curve) and RMR (relative mixture response) for each site were analyzed separately using SAS mixed effects model procedures. While there was little difference between the sites in the 1997-1998 season, host-diversity effects were generally greater near Huancayo than near Cajamarca in the 1998-1999 season. Estimates of host-diversity effects from studies in Oregon …
Suggestions For Presenting Kriging Results, D. W. Meek, T. J. Sauer
Suggestions For Presenting Kriging Results, D. W. Meek, T. J. Sauer
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Kriging maps are often part of the reported analyses in many environmental research studies including those our agency is working on in the area of precision/sustainable farming. All to often important details on the underlying variography and/or kriging procedures are omitted. Likewise the content and form of presenting kriging results vary greatly. Often features of the underlying variability are not readily seen. Instead of reviewing poor practice in current literature, we offer guidelines for reporting the methodology and presenting the results with the use of soil test phosphorus (STP) measures from a real world pasture study. Relevantly, the stationarity assumption …
Threshold Sire Models For Estimating Genetic Parameters For Stayability In Beef Cows, Gonzalo Martinez, S. D. Kachman, L. D. Van Vleck
Threshold Sire Models For Estimating Genetic Parameters For Stayability In Beef Cows, Gonzalo Martinez, S. D. Kachman, L. D. Van Vleck
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Stayability is the ability of a beef cow to remain in production to a specified age. In this study, the interest was in determining the genetic relationship between stayability to an early age with stayability to a later age. A nested threshold sire model for stayability was used here to estimate the genetic relationship between stayability to different ages. Genetic correlations were estimated among six different stayability traits using records from 1,868 Hereford cows. The model included period and year of birth as fixed factors and sire as a random factor. The numerator relationship matrix accounted for all known relationships …
Comparing Measuring Methods Using The Sensitivity Ratio: An Application To Resistance Screening In Soybeans, Gabotepele Madisa, Kent M. Eskridge, Kris S. Powers, James R. Steadman, Rebecca Higgins, Connie Bellows
Comparing Measuring Methods Using The Sensitivity Ratio: An Application To Resistance Screening In Soybeans, Gabotepele Madisa, Kent M. Eskridge, Kris S. Powers, James R. Steadman, Rebecca Higgins, Connie Bellows
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
When there are several methods of measuring a physical or chemical property, it is necessary to determine which method is best. If both methods are measured on the same scale, the most precise method will be preferred. However, often the methods have different scales. The sensitivity ratio allows for explicit comparison of methods with different scales. We use the sensitivity ratio to compare soybean resistance screening methods to evaluate the resistance of soybean varieties to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. When compared to the root mean square error or the coefficient of variation, the sensitivity ratio can order methods differently both when the …
Simple Step-Stress Testing With Covariate In Agriculture, Larry Cleair, Imad H. Khamis, Mohamad Ai-Haj Ebrahem
Simple Step-Stress Testing With Covariate In Agriculture, Larry Cleair, Imad H. Khamis, Mohamad Ai-Haj Ebrahem
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
In industry product testing can be an expensive and time-consuming process. Testing design changes in long-lived products could cause lengthy delays in product introduction or improvement. As an alternative, accelerated life testing can quickly yield information on product life by exposing the product to conditions beyond those of normal design stress. To further streamline this process a two step-stress test will take all elements to failure in a relatively short time. Variables within the sample other than the one that we are controlling in the step-stress testing are uncontrolled but observed and are called covariates. A statistical relationship between the …
Hotelling's T2 Approximation For Bivariate Dichotomous Data, Pradeep Singh, Imad Khamis, James Higgins
Hotelling's T2 Approximation For Bivariate Dichotomous Data, Pradeep Singh, Imad Khamis, James Higgins
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
The comparison of the means of two treatments or populations when more than one variable is measured may be done using Hotelling's T2 statistic. In many real world situations the data obtained are dichotomous, and the assumption of multivariate normality upon which Hotelling's T2 is based is no longer valid. In this paper, an approximate Hotelling T2 test is proposed for bivariate dichotomous data and empirically evaluated in terms of Type I error rate. It is shown that the approximation does a good job of controlling the Type I error rate for a range of bivariate parameters …
Using The Bi-Logistic Model To Estimate Body Temperature In Feedlot Cattle, M. Kerek, A. M. Parkhurst, T. L. Mader
Using The Bi-Logistic Model To Estimate Body Temperature In Feedlot Cattle, M. Kerek, A. M. Parkhurst, T. L. Mader
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Processing and handling cattle require an expenditure of energy causing an elevation of body temperature, depending on the ambient conditions. More knowledge of body temperature, Tb, dynamics could lead to more specific recommendations of how far cattle can be moved without stress. The bi-Iogistic model has been used to describe the handling process. This model estimates several important biological parameters: rate of increase in Tb (rate of heat challenge), the maximum Tb (max Tb), time to reach maximum Tb (tmax) and recovery rate (rate of decrease in Tb). The objectives of this study are: to compare parameter estimates from the …
Detection Power Of Random, Case-Control, And Case-Parent Control Designs For Association Tests And Genetic Mapping Of Complex Traits, Guoping Shu, Beiyan Zeng, Oscar Smith
Detection Power Of Random, Case-Control, And Case-Parent Control Designs For Association Tests And Genetic Mapping Of Complex Traits, Guoping Shu, Beiyan Zeng, Oscar Smith
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
We compared the relative detection power of random, case-control, and case-parent control (TDT) study designs by computer simulation of five parameters: Mode of inheritance (MOl), magnitude of genetic effect (y ), disease susceptibility allele frequency in the founder population ( P I), population age (t ), and the genetic distance (ᶿ ) between disease susceptibility locus ( D), and marker locus (M). Our results show that none of the three study designs can be claimed to be the most powerful (requiring the smallest sample size) constantly under every different genetic context (parameter combination). …
Unreplicated Variety Trials: Effects Of Check Plot Density And Fixed Versus Random Treatments, Tisha Maas, Jeanette Stafford, Boi Sebolai, David Marx, Daryl Travnicek, Jeff Pedersen
Unreplicated Variety Trials: Effects Of Check Plot Density And Fixed Versus Random Treatments, Tisha Maas, Jeanette Stafford, Boi Sebolai, David Marx, Daryl Travnicek, Jeff Pedersen
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Crop researchers performing germplasm screenings are often unable to replicate their plots due to scarcity of seed and the large numbers of genotypes being evaluated. The use of known check varieties is a common method of overcoming the difficulties associated with unreplicated trials. In this simulation, we explored the effect of check plot density on the effectiveness of the resulting analysis. We also explored the effect of analyzing treatments as random versus fixed. Our study considers ten different designs with check densities ranging from 5% of the plots to 50%. The designs and analyses were then compared on the basis …
A Bayesian Approach To Assessing Lab Proficency With Qualitative Pcr Assays Used To Detect Biotech Traits In Crop Seed, Kirk M. Remund, Glenn D. Austin
A Bayesian Approach To Assessing Lab Proficency With Qualitative Pcr Assays Used To Detect Biotech Traits In Crop Seed, Kirk M. Remund, Glenn D. Austin
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Many seed testing laboratories currently use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to test conventional crop seed for the adventitous presence of biotech trait seed. Seed organizations and companies are spending much time and resources assessing laboratories proficency in running PCR assays. Since many of these assays provide qualitative rather than quantitative results, laboratories must go through a significant effort to obtain adequate assay error estimates. Many sample-processing steps are very similar from assay to assay and therefore error results from different assays may be combined using a Bayesian approach to obtain estimates of assay error rates with increased precision. This …
Variance Testing With Simplicial Data Depth, Karen J. Mcgaughey, George A. Milliken
Variance Testing With Simplicial Data Depth, Karen J. Mcgaughey, George A. Milliken
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
A method is developed and studied for testing equality of variances based on simplicial data depth and Mood's nonparametric test in the case of two samples. A method for calculating univariate simplicial data depth using a rank transformation is introduced. Type I error rates and power curves are compared for three existing tests for equality of variances and the data depth test using data simulated from the nonnal distribution and 5 nonnormal distributions. In addition, a new method of aligning two samples with unequal location parameters is proposed. This method shows significant improvement over aligning by either the median or …
Cubic Splines For Estimating Lactation Curves And Genetic Parameters Of First Lactation Holstein Cows Treated With Bovine Somatotropin, Bruce J. Degroot, Jeffrey F. Keown, Stephen D. Kachman, Dale Van Vleck
Cubic Splines For Estimating Lactation Curves And Genetic Parameters Of First Lactation Holstein Cows Treated With Bovine Somatotropin, Bruce J. Degroot, Jeffrey F. Keown, Stephen D. Kachman, Dale Van Vleck
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
The objective was to estimate genetic parameters and fit lactation curves for cows treated or not treated with bovine somatotropin (bST) and fit specific lactation curves for each animal for both random genetic and permanent environmental components from individual test-day milk, fat, and protein yields with a cubic spline model. A total of 70,752 test-day observations for first lactation Holstein cows recorded as treated bST and 73,387 test-day observations for untreated cows that calved between 1994 and early 1999 were obtained from Dairy Records Management Systems in Raleigh, North Carolina. The model included herd test-day, age at first calving, bST …