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Articles 16171 - 16200 of 16612
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Role Of Alfalfa In Our Farming Operation, Larry Jeffries
Role Of Alfalfa In Our Farming Operation, Larry Jeffries
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Our farming operation consists of 214 acres. We raise 14,000 pounds of tobacco, have a purebred beef cattle herd, and sell hay. Alfalfa is the only one of the three sources of income that we can project an increase for 1996.
Our alfalfa cash hay sales have increased for several years due to the increase of suburban horse owners in the Louisville area.
I think it is important to have a written plan for 1996. We wouldn't think of making a long trip without a map, especially into strange territory - we farmers are in strange territory. If you don't …
Utilizing Alfalfa Hay In Horse Diets, Laurie Lawrence
Utilizing Alfalfa Hay In Horse Diets, Laurie Lawrence
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
All horses need fiber in their diets. Forages, usually as pasture or hay, are the primary sources of fiber in most rations. The exact amount of hay that a horse will eat on a daily or yearly basis will depend on the size of the horse, the class of the horse (pregnant, working, etc) and the type of hay being fed. The type and amount of other feeds in the ration will also impact the amount of hay consumed, but in general, horse owners/managers should try to maximize forage intake and then supplement with grain or other feeds to meet …
Advances In Harvesting And Storing High Quality Alfalfa, Michael Collins
Advances In Harvesting And Storing High Quality Alfalfa, Michael Collins
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
On suitable soils, alfalfa produces the highest yields of dry matter and nutrients possible under Kentucky conditions. Limitations to achievement of this potential are often related to losses that occur during alfalfa harvest and storage. We have conducted a number of studies addressing technologies designed to minimize the extent of these losses.
Fencing And Watering Systems For Grazing Alfalfa, Larry Turner
Fencing And Watering Systems For Grazing Alfalfa, Larry Turner
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Controlled or rotational grazing can result in better utilization of the forage resources on your farm. By better forage management through controlled grazing, you can increase profitability of cattle/forage systems. To effectively develop a controlled grazing system, however, fencing must be used to subdivide the pasture into sub-fields or paddocks. The animals may then be rotated among the paddocks to optimize forage and beef or dairy production from the system. Alfalfa grazing can play an important part in such a system. By using alfalfa, additional grazing management options are available, including avoiding high-endophyte fescue in hot summer periods thereby gaining …
Opportunities For Alfalfa As A Grazing Crop In Kentucky, Ken Johnson
Opportunities For Alfalfa As A Grazing Crop In Kentucky, Ken Johnson
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
As we think about the possibilities of alfalfa as a grazing crop, maybe we need to look at some of the limitations and where alfalfa may fit into Kentucky producers programs.
When looking at Kentucky's land area of 25 million acres we see that nearly half is in woodland. Of the 12 million acres remaining; about 3 million is in row crops, 2 million in hay, 2 million in non farm uses, and the rest is pasture. That is about 5 million acres in pasture or at least available to the pastured. With at least 7 million acres in hay …
Grazing Alfalfa: Putting The Puzzle Together, Garry D. Lacefield, Jimmy C. Henning, David Stalion
Grazing Alfalfa: Putting The Puzzle Together, Garry D. Lacefield, Jimmy C. Henning, David Stalion
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Interest in alfalfa as a grazing crop has increased dramatically over the past decade. There are many research and demonstrations being conducted in Kentucky and across the U.S. as we continue to investigate and learn more about alfalfa's role in forage-based livestock production.
Listed below are some of the reasons farmers, researchers and agribusiness personnel are excited about the opportunity for alfalfa as a grazing crop.
Foreword [1996], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Foreword [1996], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
This is the front matter of the proceedings.
American White Pelicans: The Latest Avian Problem For Catfish Producers, D. Tommy King
American White Pelicans: The Latest Avian Problem For Catfish Producers, D. Tommy King
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Animal Damage Control offices in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi began receiving complaints concerning American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) foraging in commercial channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) ponds in 1990. Because of the relatively shallow pond depth and high fish stocking rates used by most producers, commercial catfish ponds provide a near perfect foraging environment for American white pelicans. Since 1993, pelicans seem to have become more persistent in their foraging efforts and therefore, more difficult to disperse from catfish farms. Damage abatement recommendations have consisted of harassment measures similar to those used for other piscivorous birds, issuance of …
A Historical Perspective Of Catfish Production In The Southeast In Relation To Avian Predation, Donald F. Mott, Martin W. Brunson
A Historical Perspective Of Catfish Production In The Southeast In Relation To Avian Predation, Donald F. Mott, Martin W. Brunson
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Production of aquaculture species, especially catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in the Mississippi Delta, is a relatively new and expanding industry. Catfish production represents the largest dollar value of the aquaculture industry, accounting for approximately 50% of the entire industry. Mississippi is responsible for 82% of the total U.S. catfish production. Fish-eating bird populations have capitalized on this new food source. Double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), great blue herons (Ardea herodias), and great egrets (Casmerodius albus) are the primary predators on catfish. Cormorant caused losses in excess of $2 million per year have been reported in …
Black Bear Damage In The Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Thomas H. White Jr., Catherine C. Shropshire, Mike Staten
Black Bear Damage In The Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Thomas H. White Jr., Catherine C. Shropshire, Mike Staten
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
We surveyed 62 hunting clubs in the batture of the Mississippi River in Arkansas and Mississippi to determine the extent and severity of black bear (Ursus americanus) damage. Bear damage was more prevalent in Arkansas (70.6%) than in Mississippi (11.8%). Damage to deer stands was most common (43.8%), followed by damage to buildings (22.9%), getting in garbage (12.5%) and damage to wildlife food plots (10.4%). Cost estimates of bear damage averaged approximately $40 per incident over the past 5 years. Most (90.9%) clubs rated bear damage as either a slight nuisance or not important at this time, and …
The Professional Evolution Of Wildlife Damage Management, James E. Miller
The Professional Evolution Of Wildlife Damage Management, James E. Miller
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
The term -- wildlife damage management, in lieu of animal damage control, vertebrate pest control, or nuisance animal control -- has become the currently recognized term for an area of wildlife management that a growing number of professionals spend a significant part of their time and/or career working in. The acceptance of this terminology is, however, a part of the continuing evolution of the profession and not simply a name change for political correctness. Admittedly, my purpose is not to validate or beg acceptance of this terminology. Rather, what I hope to do is to justify the underlying premise of …
Relationships Between Wild Turkeys And Raccoons In Central Mississippi, Charles D. Lovell, Darren A. Miller, George A. Hurst, Bruce D. Leopold
Relationships Between Wild Turkeys And Raccoons In Central Mississippi, Charles D. Lovell, Darren A. Miller, George A. Hurst, Bruce D. Leopold
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Reduced trapping and hunting of predators has led to concerns that increased predator densities may affect game species populations. Therefore, we investigated effects of predation on the wild turkey population on Tallahala Wildlife Management Area (TWMA), Mississippi, from 1984-94. We also determined trends in raccoon trapping and hunter harvest in Mississippi. Predation of nests (eggs), nesting hens, and poults caused a population decline on TWMA. Most (88%) nest failures were caused by predation from 1984-94; raccoons were the dominant predator. Declining raccoon hunter harvest from 1980-94 was correlated with declining hunter effort. Trapping license sales and trapping harvest also declined. …
Ecology And Control Of Wildlife Damage To Electric Substations, Glenn R. Dudderar, Scott R. Winterstein, Wendy H. Sangster
Ecology And Control Of Wildlife Damage To Electric Substations, Glenn R. Dudderar, Scott R. Winterstein, Wendy H. Sangster
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
This study addresses several aspects of the ecology and control of wildlife damage to electric substations because the amount of existing research is not sufficient to make informed decisions about how best to minimize that damage. Records of 121 incidents of animal-caused faults showed that 78% of the faults were caused by squirrels and raccoons and an average of 2,511 customers lost service during the outage caused by such a fault. Animal damage control measures were evaluated by observing challenges to control measures by raccoons and squirrels at a substation. The control measures were breached twice because they had not …
Efficacy Of Shooting Permits For Deer Damage Abatement In Wisconsin, Rick R. Horton, Scott R. Craven
Efficacy Of Shooting Permits For Deer Damage Abatement In Wisconsin, Rick R. Horton, Scott R. Craven
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
The efficacy of out-of-season shooting permits for deer damage abatement in Wisconsin has not been critically evaluated. We used deer damage shooting permits to remove 21 antlerless deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 7 heavily damaged alfalfa fields to evaluate subsequent impact on crop damage. Volunteer shooters, using permits issued to the landowners, hunted a minimum of 3 nights/week throughout the growth of the third alfalfa crop (Aug. 1 - late Sept.). We calculated the difference between the assessed damage to the second crop (untreated) and the third crop (treated) on treatment and control farms. We found no significant difference …
Survey Of Black Bear Depredation In Agriculture In Massachusetts, Sandra A. Jonker, James A. Parkhurst
Survey Of Black Bear Depredation In Agriculture In Massachusetts, Sandra A. Jonker, James A. Parkhurst
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Black bear (Ursus americanus) depredation in agriculture has become an increasing concern in Massachusetts. Complaints from apiarists, corn growers, and livestock producers have increased 167% during the period 1980 to 1990, but whether this increase truly represents more depredation, response of bears to other factors, or simply better reporting/record keeping has not been determined. The bear population in Massachusetts from 1984 to 1989 increased 50% to approximately 700-750 animals statewide. Subsequent estimates (1995) have placed the bear population around 1,200 animals. Concurrent encroachment of human development into prime bear habitat also increased contact between bears and humans. During …
Black Bear Damage Management In Washington State, Georg J. Ziegltrum, Dale L. Nolte
Black Bear Damage Management In Washington State, Georg J. Ziegltrum, Dale L. Nolte
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Black bears (Ursus americanus) foraging on trees can be extremely detrimental to the health and economic value of a timber stand. A supplemental feeding program to reduce bear damage is coordinated by the Washington Forest Protection Association's Animal Damage Control Program (ADCP). A brief overview of the ADCP is provided along with a description of bear damage and the supplemental feeding program. Success of the feeding program is demonstrated by an increasing participation and its general acceptance by the public. Timber producers placed over 400 thousand pounds of pellets in 700 feeding stations this past year.
Apple Production, Vole Control, And Wild Turkeys: Finding A Balance In Vermont, Richard B. Chipman, Dennis Slate, Abigal J. Duke, Lorraine Berkett, Douglas Blodgett
Apple Production, Vole Control, And Wild Turkeys: Finding A Balance In Vermont, Richard B. Chipman, Dennis Slate, Abigal J. Duke, Lorraine Berkett, Douglas Blodgett
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) and pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) cause extensive damage to apple trees by gnawing and girdling trunk and root systems. In 1991, approximately 70% of Vermont's 90 commercial apple producers were using zinc phosphide (ZP) treated cracked corn to manage vole damage. From November 1991 through January 1992, 36 confirmed wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) deaths were attributed to the broadcast application of ZP treated cracked com in Vermont orchards. As a result of public concern regarding impacts to nontarget wild turkeys, a working group was formed with representation of various state …
Pesticide Use By The Federal/Cooperative Animal Damage Control (Adc) Program, 1988-1991, Gus Connolly
Pesticide Use By The Federal/Cooperative Animal Damage Control (Adc) Program, 1988-1991, Gus Connolly
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
ADC personnel use many wildlife damage control methods including pesticide products. This paper presents a national overview of the kinds and amounts of chemical pesticides used by ADC in direct control activities during Fiscal Years (FY) 1988-1991. The pesticides used by ADC included aluminwn phosphide, 4-aminopyridine, bone tar oil, brodifacoum, carbon, alpha-chloralose, cholecalciferol, DRC-1339, fenthion, glyphosate, immobilizing & euthanizing drugs, mineral oil, PA-14, phosphorus, polybutene, sodium cyanide, sodium fluoroacetate, sodium nitrate, strychnine, sulfur, and zinc phosphide. This summary shows that ADC personnel used remarkably small amounts of chemicals during FY 1988- 1991. Overall amounts of pesticides used by ADC …
Blackbirds And Starling Killed At Winter Roosts From Pa-14 Applications, 1974-1992: Implications For Regional Population Management, Richard A. Dolbeer, Donald F. Mott, Jerrold L. Belant
Blackbirds And Starling Killed At Winter Roosts From Pa-14 Applications, 1974-1992: Implications For Regional Population Management, Richard A. Dolbeer, Donald F. Mott, Jerrold L. Belant
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
The surfactant PA-14, registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1973 by the federal Animal Damage Control (ADC) program, was used for 19 years (1974-1992) for lethal control of roosting blackbirds (Icterinae) and European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in the United States. In 1992, the ADC program withdrew the registration of PA-14 because of costs required to provide additional EPA-requested data. There were 83 roosts encompassing 178 ha treated with 33,300 L of PA-14 from 1974-1992. An estimated 38.2 million birds (48% common grackles [Ouiscalus quiscula], 30% European starlings, 13% red-winged blackbirds [ …
Extirpation Of A Recently Established Feral Pig Population In Kansas, Chad D. Richardson, Philip S. Gipson, David P. Jones, James C. Luchsinger
Extirpation Of A Recently Established Feral Pig Population In Kansas, Chad D. Richardson, Philip S. Gipson, David P. Jones, James C. Luchsinger
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Most feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are descendants of domestic swine that have gone wild and their reproduction is uncontrolled by man. A few populations may be descendants of European wild boar or crosses between wild boar and domestic swine. Disease control officials report that 23 states have established populations of feral pigs and the total feral pig population in the United States is probably in excess of 2 million animals. A population of feral pigs was documented in the fall of 1993 on the Fort Riley Military Installation in northeastern Kansas. Biologists from the Fort Riley Natural Resources …
Can Predator Trapping Improve Waterfowl Recruitment In The Prairie Pothole Region?, Frank C. Rohwer, Pamela R. Garrettson, Ben J. Mense
Can Predator Trapping Improve Waterfowl Recruitment In The Prairie Pothole Region?, Frank C. Rohwer, Pamela R. Garrettson, Ben J. Mense
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
We contrasted nest success for control areas and experimental areas in eastern North Dakota where we employed professionals to trap mammalian nest predators from late March to late July. In 1995, dabbling ducks averaged 53% nest success on four treatment blocks of 4,150 ha each; whereas on four control areas upland nesting ducks averaged 24% success. Diving duck nest success averaged 57% on experimental areas and 29% on control areas. American coot (Fulica americana) nest success also improved on experimental areas, but blackbird nesting and fledging success were not affected by the treatment In 1994, nest success of …
Prey Availability And Selection By Mountain Lions In The Aravaipa-Klondyke Area Of Arizona, Stan C. Cunningham
Prey Availability And Selection By Mountain Lions In The Aravaipa-Klondyke Area Of Arizona, Stan C. Cunningham
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Prey selection by mountain lions (Felis concolor) in the Aravaipa-Klondyke area (2,000 km2) in southeastern Arizona was studied from February 1991 through September 1993. Overall diet from frequency of occurrence as determined from 370 scats was: 48% deer (white-tailed and mule deer combined), 34% cattle, 17% javelina, 6% rabbit (cottontail and jackrabbit), 4% rodent, and 2% desert bighorn. Using a correction factor developed by Ackerman et al. (1984), we also estimated percent biomass and proportion of individuals killed. With respect to biomass consumed, cattle was 44%, deer 40%, javelina 10.9%, rabbits 2.9%, and rodents 0.02%. Based …
A Strategy For Integrating Principles And Concepts Of Wildlife Damage Control Into The School Curriculum, Thomas A. Eddy
A Strategy For Integrating Principles And Concepts Of Wildlife Damage Control Into The School Curriculum, Thomas A. Eddy
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
This paper reports an approach to educating today's youth concerning the importance of regulating numbers of wildlife species that threaten property, products and health. The emphases are on preparing teachers to integrate principles and concepts into the existing curricular materials, justifying control measures with ecological understandings and economic information and dealing effectively with sensitive animal rights issues. Opportunities for integration of specific wildlife damage control topics are suggested for lessons in the life sciences, social sciences, health, language arts and mathematics. Examples of conflict between groups of different opinions about the seriousness of a pest's activities or appropriateness of control …
From Deer Problem To People Solution: A Case Study From Montgomery County, Maryland, Jonathan S. Kays, Douglas Tregoning
From Deer Problem To People Solution: A Case Study From Montgomery County, Maryland, Jonathan S. Kays, Douglas Tregoning
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Montgomery County, Maryland, a 495 square-mile area adjacent to Washington, D.C., is a rapidly developing, highly educated suburban community with one of the highest per capita incomes in the nation. There is increasing concern for the growth and impact of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations by agricultural interests, resource professionals and residential landowners. The Montgomery County Council assembled a task force of stakeholders to examine relevant information and propose deer management options. The task force report provided detailed information on the county deer situation, 11 management alternatives, and 9 final recommendations. The county parks administrator appointed a staff …
Wildlife Damage Control In Kansas: Private Operators And Public Agencies, L. Andrew Madison, Philip S. Gipson
Wildlife Damage Control In Kansas: Private Operators And Public Agencies, L. Andrew Madison, Philip S. Gipson
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
The private industry in wildlife damage control is expanding into territory predominantly occupied by public agencies in the past. There is a potential for overlap and competition in services provided by the public and private sectors in Kansas. We examined wildlife damage control activity reports from the Cooperative Extension Service (CES), Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks (KDWP), and private nuisance wildlife control operators (NWCO) to determine the most common species controlled by each and their overlap in services across Kansas. The CES predominantly controlled coyotes (Canis latrans). KDWP primarily controlled beavers (Castor canadensis), deer ( …
Mississippi's Beaver Control Assistance Program, 1989-1994, Philip Mastrangelo
Mississippi's Beaver Control Assistance Program, 1989-1994, Philip Mastrangelo
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Responding to landowner requests, the 1989 Mississippi Legislature created the Beaver Control Advisory Board and mandated it to develop a program which would ensure the control of beaver damage throughout Mississippi. The Advisory Board is comprised of the administrative heads of five state agencies: the Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks (chairperson), the Department of Transportation, the Cooperative Extension Service, the Forestry Commission, and the Department of Agriculture and Commerce. In cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Damage Control (ADC) program, the Advisory Board developed the Beaver Control Assistance Program (BCAP). BCAP …
Beaver Impacts On Timber On The Chauga River Drainage In South Carolina, J. Rickie Davis, Judy A. Barnes, George E. Ward, David Van Lear, David C. Guynn Jr., C. Andy Dolloff, Mark Hudy
Beaver Impacts On Timber On The Chauga River Drainage In South Carolina, J. Rickie Davis, Judy A. Barnes, George E. Ward, David Van Lear, David C. Guynn Jr., C. Andy Dolloff, Mark Hudy
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Even though beavers (Castor canadensis carolinensis) occur over most of the southeastern United States, the impacts of increasing beaver populations on riparian forests within the southern Appalachian mountains are not been well documented. Long-term browsing and inundation by beaver may alter the composition and structure of riparian forests. A survey of 62 streams (74 mi) within the Chauga River drainage in the mountains of South Carolina was conducted during 1991- 1992 to determine the level of beaver activity within the drainage and the amount of timber damaged by beaver activities. Thirty-six streams had evidence of significant beaver activity …
Assessment Of Gnawing Behavior Of Three Rodent Species On Automatic Speed Control Mechanism Diaphragms From Gm Automobiles, Glenn R. Dudderar, Ren-Rong Hou, Scott R. Winterstein
Assessment Of Gnawing Behavior Of Three Rodent Species On Automatic Speed Control Mechanism Diaphragms From Gm Automobiles, Glenn R. Dudderar, Ren-Rong Hou, Scott R. Winterstein
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
General Motors and the A C. Rochester Company, a subsidiary of General Motors (GM), has found that the rubber diaphragms on automatic speed control mechanisms (servos) were gnawed by unknown rodents. House mice (Mus musculus), Peromyscus spp., and eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus) were used to test gnawing behavior on 4 kinds of diaphragms. Diaphragms with or without a rodent proof cure formula, which are used by GM, did not influence the gnawing of all test rodent species. Diaphragms with a lubricant (Paricin) were more attractive to gnawing by house mice than diaphragms without a lubricant. …
Rodent Damage Control In No-Till Corn And Soybean Production, Ron Hines
Rodent Damage Control In No-Till Corn And Soybean Production, Ron Hines
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
In recent years the primary cause of reduced plant stands in no-till crops planted into heavy residue has been small eared rodents called voles (Microtus spp.). Past research has indicated that severe stand reductions (80 to 100 percent) can occur if vole populations in the field exceed 75 per hectare (30 per acre) at planting time. This vole population should be considered intense. If field scouting about 30 days prior to planting reveals at least 12 active vole colonies per hectare (five per acre) an intense population can develop, and damage control measures should be planned. Of all …
Closing Remarks: Seventh Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference, James E. Miller
Closing Remarks: Seventh Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference, James E. Miller
Wildlife Damage Management Conference
Initially, I want to begin these brief closing remarks by expressing appreciation to Dean Stewart, Phil Mastrangelo, Jim Armstrong, Greg Yarrow, other members of the Program Committee, all of the sponsors, exhibitors, contributors , speakers, and session moderators, and to all of you as participants who helped make this conference successful. As most of you who have ever had the privilege of putting together a conference such as this are well aware, there are always a number of people that are key to the success of the conference who work diligently behind the scenes but are not always recognized. We …