Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Circling The Square: Computing Radical Two, Isaiah Mellace, Joshua Kroeker

NEXUS: The Liberty Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies

Discoveries of equations for irrational numbers are not new. From Newton’s Method to Taylor Series,there are many ways to calculate the square root of two to arbitrary precision. The following method is similar in this way, but it is also a fascinating derivation from geometry that has applications to other irrationals. Additionally, the equation derived has some properties that may lead to fast computation. The first part of this paper is dedicated to deriving the equation, and the second is focused on computer science implementations and optimizations.

Antiviral And Cytotoxic Activities And Chemical Profiles Of Two Species Of Abies Nordmanniana From Türkiye, Nazli Sarikahya, Gaye Sümer Okkali, Furkan Ozan Çöven, Sevda Zeinali̇, Gülce Gucur, Ayşe Di̇la Çağlar, Ece Uyar, Ahmet Ceyhan Gören, Ayşe Nalbantsoy

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Abies is an important genus of the family Pinaceae, with about 50 species found in the highlands of Asia, Europe, North Africa, and North and Central America. The principal aim of the present work was to investigate the chemical content and biological potential of the resin and cone from Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmulleriana and Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani, respectively. The flavonoid and phenolic contents of the resin and cones were evaluated using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Additionally, the essential oil and fatty acid compositions were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID).. Cytotoxicity …

Design And Characterization Of Phosphonic Acid-Functionalized Grafted Sepiolite Nanohybrids And Their Adsorption Studies For Removal Of Copper Ions From Aqueous Solution, Mehwish Tahir, Asif Raza, Amara Nasir, Tariq Yasin, Shamila Imtiaz

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, we synthesized novel, economically efficient phosphonic acid-functionalized grafted sepiolite nanohybrids for selective elimination of copper ions from water. These nanohybrids were prepared by graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate onto sepiolite. We utilized free radical graft polymerization to graft glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto silanized sepiolite. The nanohybrids obtained exhibited a grafting percentage of 479% at 0.3 g of KPS initiator, 15% GMA monomer, and after 4 h of reaction. In pursuit of selectively removing metal ions from water, the nanohybrid with the highest grafting (PGE3) was chemically treated with phosphoric acid to introduce phosphonic acid groups on it. …

Effect Of Quince Seed Gum (Qsg) On The Performance Of Injectable Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels In Terms Of The Rheological, Morphological, And Mechanical Aspect, Serdar Kolay, Ni̇lhan Kayaman Apohan, Erdi̇nç Babuç, Gökay Gün

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Injectable hydrogels play an important role in tissue engineering as a filling and repairing material. This study aimed to develop a new injectable hydrogel based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and quince seed gum (QSG) and investigate the effect of QSG on hydrogel performance. The amount of unreacted 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) is maintained at an undetectable level for HA-QSG hydrogels. Amino acid analysis showed that the HA-QSG hydrogel had rich amino acid concentrations of leucine, arginine, and valine. After thermal sterilization, the elastic modulus of HA-QSG gels for dermal and intra-articular filler applications is 63 Pa and 92 Pa respectively. …

Dft Modeling Of Water-Assisted Hydrogen Peroxide Formation From A C(4a)-(Hydro)Peroxyflavin, Yilmaz Özkiliç

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The cofactor of a class A monooxygenase is reduced at an external location of the enzyme and is subsequently pulled back into the active site after the reduction. This observation brings the question; is there any defense mechanism of the active site of a monooxygenase against the formation of the harmful hydrogen peroxide from the reactive C(4a)-(hydro)peroxide intermediate? In this study, the barrier energies of one to three water molecule-mediated uncoupling reaction mechanisms in water exposed reaction conditions were determined. These were found to be facile barriers. Secondly, uncoupling was modeled in the active site of kynurenine 3-monooxygenase complex which …

Rapid Synthesis Of Azoindolizine Derivatives Via Aryldiazonium Salts, Ferruh Lafzi̇

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A practical, rapid, and efficient method for the synthesis of azoindolizine derivatives via aryldiazonium salts with excellent yields was reported. Firstly, the corresponding aniline derivatives were synthesized via a simple and rapid method. Then, the optimal reaction conditions were investigated using a variety of protic and aprotic solvents that demonstrating the robustness of the approach. Finally, the applicability of this method to various sources of indolizine and phenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salts was expanded.

Theoretical Study On The Insertion Reaction Of The Stannylenoid H2snlif With X-H Bonds (X = N, O, F), Shuo Wu, Bingfei Yan, Shaoli Liu, Wenzuo Li

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The insertion reactions of p-complex (RP) and three-membered ring configuration (RS) of stannylenoid H2SnLiF with NH3, H2O and HF have been studied theoretically by quantum chemical calculation. The structures of reactants, precursors, transition states, intermediates and products have been fully optimized at the M06-2X/def2-TZVP level. The single point energy of all fixed points were calculated using the QCISD method. The calculation results show that the three-membered ring configuration is easier to conduct the insertion reaction. Comparing the reaction energy barriers of RP, RS to NH3, H2O and HF, we found that the difficulty of the insertion reaction is NH3 > H2O …

Senggani Fruit (Melastoma Malabathricum Linn.) Extract As A Natural Indicator In Ph-Responsive Pva-Taro Starch Plastic Packaging, Rika Risma Dewi, Intan Syahbanu, Winda Rahmalia

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-starch-based bioplastics are widely used in many applications. pH-responsive plastic packaging was produced through the incorporation of senggani (Melastoma malabathricum Linn.) fruit extract into PVA-taro starch-based plastic packaging. The objective of this research was to examine the characteristics of senggani fruit extract under different pH conditions and explore its application as a pH indicator in intelligent packaging. The senggani fruit was extracted through the maceration method using a solvent comprising 96% ethanol and 3% citric acid, with a ratio of 85:15 (v/v). The senggani fruit extract solution underwent color changes, appearing pink at pH levels below 6, pale …

Heterogeneous Resources In Infrastructures Of The Edge Network Paradigm: A Comprehensive Review, Qusay S. Alsaffar, Leila Ben Ayed

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The late 1990s saw the rise of the edge computing network paradigm, as well as an increase in the number of IoT de-vices. This concept is viewed as a link between cloud servers and end-devices, bringing processing and storage re-sources closer to clients. As a result of its low latency and high performance, researchers and developers have expressed interest in it. However, this paradigm confronts a number of obstacles and restrictions, including restricted and hetero-geneous resources at network edges. In this paper, we provide a detailed review of heterogeneous resources in edge network infrastructures using a three-dimensional method. These three …

Classification And Removal Of Hazy Images Based On A Transmission Fusion Strategy Using The Alexnet Network, Roa'a M. Al_Airaji, Haider Th. Salim Alrikabi, Rula Kamil

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Outdoor images are used in many domains, such as surveillance, geospatial mapping, and autonomous vehicles. The occurrence of noise in outdoor images is a widely observed phenomenon. They are primarily attributed to extreme natural and manufactured meteorological conditions, such as haze, smog, and fog. In autonomous vehicle navigation, recovering the ground truth image is essential, enabling the system to make more informed decisions. Accurate air-light and transmission map calculation is vital in recovering the ground truth image. An efficient approach for image dehazing that utilizes the mean channel prior (MCP) is presented in this paper to estimate the transmission map, …

The Product Of Distributions And Stochastic Differential Equations Arising From Powers Of Infinite Dimensional Brownian Motions, Un Cig Ji, Hui-Hsiung Kuo, Hara-Yuko Mimachi, Kimiaki Saitô

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

Role Of Hypogenesis In The Evolution Of Karst In The Taurus Mountains Range, Turkey, Serdar C. Bayari, Naciye Nur Özyurt, Lütfi Nazik, Koray A. Törk, Noyan İ. Güner, Emrah Pekkan, Pınar Avcı

International Journal of Speleology

Field observations and laboratory data collected from the Taurus Mountains Range, Turkey during the last two decades provided evidence for the link between the evolution of hypogene karst and the geodynamic history. Major evidence includes; carbonate-hosted secondary ore deposits that are converted from primarily hypogene minerals by epigene, oxygen-rich groundwater circulating at local to intermediate depths. Another piece of evidence of hypogene karst in the Tauride is the Kırkgöz springs’ huge submerged cave/conduit system, which formed the Antalya Travertine Plateau, which is the world’s largest deposit precipitated by cool karst groundwater. The obruks in central Tauride are giant collapse dolines …

Modified Method For Assessing The Required Expenditures And Estimated Time Of Hard Coal Mine Liquidation, Andrzej Chmiela, Małgorzata Wysocka, Adam Smoliński

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The restructuring of hard coal mining requires significant budgetary expenditures. A comprehensive scientific approach may facilitate the rationalisation and minimisation of mine closure costs. This study proposes a method for the preliminary estimation of the costs and time required for the potential liquidation of a hard coal mine. In addition to a literature review, a statistical analysis and a case study, personal interviews were conducted with individuals with direct management over the restructuring, reclamation and liquidation processes pertaining to mines undergoing closure.

The assessment method is based on an analysis of the mine liquidation costs, divided into successive years of …

Axion Dark Matter With Not Quite Black Hole Domination, Ufuk Aydemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Physics

No abstract provided.

Comparative Study Of Α-Α Interaction Potentials Constructed Using Various Phenomenological Models, Ayushi Awasthi, O S K S Sastri

Turkish Journal of Physics

No abstract provided.

Weyl Tensor Decomposition To The Formation Of Black Hole, Gauree Shanker, Zakia Issa Ndidi

Turkish Journal of Physics

No abstract provided.

Mechanical Calculations On Atomically Thin Membranes, Burak Aslan

Turkish Journal of Physics

No abstract provided.

The Chanterelle: The Magazine Of Environmental Studies At Cal Poly Humboldt, 2023-2024

The Chanterelle

The Chanterelle showcases the written work of Environmental Studies majors at Cal Poly Humboldt. Each contributing author enrolled in “ENST 395W: Research & Analysis for Environmental Studies” during the 2023-2024 academic year. While each student chose their own topic, they were prompted to write for a public audience. Specifically, they were encouraged to write for a friend, co-worker, roommate, sibling, or any other family member. Our intended audience in this magazine is thus public. We hope you enjoy this collective project. It is the outcome of course readings, research, and peer edits.

A Speleogenetic History Of Novoafonskaya Cave In The Western Caucasus, Olga Chervyatsova, Sergey Potapov, Jonathan Baker, Dmitry Gavryushkin, Victor Polyak, Matt Heizler, Sergey Tokarev, Sergey Sadykov, Roman Dbar, Yuri Dublyansky

International Journal of Speleology

Speleogenesis in hypogene karst settings may be closely tied to regional tectonic dynamics and concomitant hydrochemical evolution of karst waters. However, placing temporal constraints on these processes can require a wider array of field observations and techniques than for typical karst systems. Herein, we present a comprehensive study of Novoafonskaya Cave (Western Caucasus, Abkhazia). The updated speleogenetic history of the cave comprises four stages: (1) the most ancient, a low-T hydrothermal (ca. 40–50°C) priming stage; (2) the main stage enabled by mixing of upwelling thermomineral and locally recharged common karst waters; (3) the late sulfuric-acid speleogenesis (SAS) stage, which left …

`The Very Beautiful Principles Of Natural Philosophy': Michael Faraday, Paper Marbling And The Physics Of Natural Forms, Robert Pepperell

LASER Journal

In 1854, Michael Faraday wrote to thank the author who had sent him a book on the art of paper marbling. In the letter, Faraday referred to `the very beautiful principles of natural philosophy' involved in the process of dropping ink on thickened water. What are the `beautiful principles' that Faraday referred to, and how are they involved in the art of paper marbling? Here I consider some of the physical processes that occur in paper marbling and how the patterns that emerge represent `dissipative structures' that are governed by fundamental principles of nature, in particular the tendency for physical …

Are All Weakly Convex And Decomposable Polyhedral Surfaces Infinitesimally Rigid?, Jilly Kevo

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

It is conjectured that all decomposable (that is, interior can be triangulated without adding new vertices) polyhedra with vertices in convex position are infinitesimally rigid and only recently has it been shown that this is indeed true under an additional assumption of codecomposability (that is, the interior of the difference between the convex hull and the polyhedron itself can be triangulated without adding new vertices). One major set of tools for studying infinitesimal rigidity happens to be the (negative) Hessian M_T of the discrete Hilbert-Einstein functional. Besides its theoretical importance, it provides the necessary machinery to tackle the problem …

Monitoring Air Fluxes In Caves Using Digital Flow Metres, Claudio Pastore, Amir Sedaghatkish, Eric Weber, Nicolas Schmid, Pierre-Yves Jeannin, Marc Luetscher

International Journal of Speleology

Precise measurements of airflow within caves are increasingly demanded to assess heat and mass transfers and their impacts on the karst environment, including subsurface ecosystems, hydrochemistry of karst water and secondary mineral precipitates. In this study, we introduce a new, low-cost and lightweight device adapted to monitoring air fluxes in caves which addresses the need for reliable measurements, low power consumption, durability and affordability. The device was calibrated in a wind tunnel, showing the high accuracy and precision of the device. Field-related uncertainties were further investigated in a ventilated cave to determine the effect of local airflow conditions on the …

Big Two And N-Card Poker Probabilities, Brian Wu, Chai Wah Wu

Communications on Number Theory and Combinatorial Theory

Between the poker hands of straight, flush, and full house, which hand is more common? In standard 5-card poker, the order from most common to least common is straight, flush, full house. The same order is true for 7-card poker such as Texas hold'em. However, is the same true for n-card poker for larger n? We study the probability of obtaining these various hands for n-card poker for various values of n≥5. In particular, we derive closed expressions for the probabilities of flush, straight and full house and show that the probability of a flush is less than a straight …

Designing Of Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles For Drug Delivery: A Potential Use Of Anticancer Treatment, Ali Al-Ani, Rasha Alsahlanee

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles have been widely used as versatile drug delivery systems for improving the efficiency and pharmaceutical properties of drugs. The present study aimed to design HSA nanoparticle encapsulated with the hydrophobic anticancer pyridine derivative (2-((2-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (BIPHC)). The synthesis of HSA-BIPHC nanoparticles was achieved using a desolvation process. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis showed the average size of HSA-BIPHC nanoparticles was 80.21 nm. The percentages of entrapment efficacy, loading capacity and production yield were 98.11%, 9.77% and 91.29%, respectively. An In vitro release study revealed that HSA-BIPHC nanoparticles displayed fast dissolution at pH 7.4 compared to pH …

Modified Toulmin's Argumentation Model Based On Prior Experiences, Ali Hadi Hasan, Mohamad Ab. Saleh, Ahmed T. Sadiq

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Our work focuses on the usefulness of previously stored correct extracted results, which form a sort of stored knowledge got from previous experiences, from enhancing Toulmin's argument model that deals with drug conflict problems in therapeutic diagnostics. New patients are entered using friendly user interface to store in files and then they are matched with the records of previous results, patients’ symptoms and histories datasets which also contain the correct best drugs extracted results. If the new entered record of a patient is matching with any previous record then the correct result of drug will be found immediately and displayed. …

A Meta-Ensemble Predictive Model For The Risk Of Lung Cancer, Sideeqoh Oluwaseun Olawale-Shosanya, Olayinka Olufunmilayo Olusanya, Adeyemi Omotayo Joseph, Kabir Oluwatobi Idowu, Oyelade Babatunde Eriwa, Adedeji Oladimeji Adebare, Morufat Adebola Usman

Al-Bahir Journal for Engineering and Pure Sciences

The lungs play a vital role in supplying oxygen to every cell, filtering air to prevent harmful substances, and supporting defense mechanisms. However, they remain susceptible to the risk of diseases such as infections, inflammation, and cancer that affect the lungs. Meta-ensemble techniques are prominent methods used in machine learning to enhance the accuracy of classifier learning systems in making predictions. This work proposes a robust predictive model using a meta-ensemble method to identify high-risk individuals with lung cancer, thereby taking early action to prevent long-term problems benchmarked upon the Kaggle Machine Learning practitioners' Lung Cancer Dataset. Three machine learning …

Elusive Shift: How Role-Playing Games Forged Their Identity [Reseña], Edgar Meritano

Journal of Roleplaying Studies and STEAM

Elusive Shift: How Role-Playing Games Forged Their Identity by Jon Peterson traces the history and evolution of role-playing games (RPGs), from their roots in wargames to their establishment as a distinct genre. The book examines how RPGs have shifted from focusing on simulating physical conflict to emphasizing character creation and collaborative storytelling, exploring the role of the game master, ethical decision-making within the game world, and the philosophical implications of the gaming experience. Peterson also explores the maturity of RPGs over time, highlighting the development of invisible systems and the elusive shift that has solidified the unique identity of RPGs. …

Estética Relacional De Los Juegos De Rol., Juan Manuel Díaz

Journal of Roleplaying Studies and STEAM

El presente escrito son los primeros esbozos de una investigación mayor, la cual busca establecer que los juegos de rol son una forma artística fundamentada en la llamada estética relacional propuesta por Nicolas Bourriaud. Hubo trabajos previos que alimentaron este artículo[1]. La idea central es pensar al acontecimiento estético como la fase más alta de un proceso de agregación en donde diferentes dimensiones de la vida de los jugadores y planos existenciales (juego, reglas, mundo social, mundo narrativo, etc) se aglomeran para generar la experiencia estética. En este sentido, lo estético en los juegos de rol es algo …

Las Figuras De Juegos De Rol Como Soporte Para La Apropiación De Personajes, Roberto Adrián García Madrid, Blanca Estela Lopez Perez

Journal of Roleplaying Studies and STEAM

El desarrollo de juegos de rol implica la consideración de diversos elementos, como temática, historia y personajes. Un aspecto es la utilización de figuras en miniatura, que actúan como avatares físicos en la narración del juego. Estas figuras contribuyen a la identificación entre jugadores y personajes, así como a la construcción de escenas y al entendimiento del desempeño de los personajes.

Cada juego ofrece diversas opciones de avatares, con distintos niveles de abstracción y representación. El mercado de figuras proporciona una amplia variedad de personajes con diferentes poses y técnicas de pintura, enriqueciendo la experiencia de construcción avatares. Identificar los …

Journal Of Roleplaying Studies And Steam (Jrpssteam) Vol. 3 [2024], Número 1 (Issue 1)., Miguel A. Bastarrachea-Magnani, Edgar Meritano, Mauricio Rangel Jiménez, Cristo Leon, James Lipuma Dr.

Journal of Roleplaying Studies and STEAM

Editorial Lento pero seguro, seguimos adelante

Estamos muy contentos de seguir con este proyecto que ha tenido gran éxito, contamos con registro de descargas de más de 130 instituciones universitarias de 74 países, además de posicionarnos poco a poco como una revista académica de gran nivel gracias a las políticas estrictas que seguimos número tras número.

En esta ocasión los trabajos presentados dan muestra de la madurez que estamos alcanzando como revista, como primer artículo tenemos Las figuras de juegos de rol como soporte para la apropiación de personajes, texto que nos habla de la gran relevancia que tienen las …