Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Independence Theories And Generalized Zero-One Laws, Lawrence Stout

Lawrence N. Stout

In this paper an abstract characterization of the properties of independent events is given with examples from topology, probability, and Baire structures. Using this notion of independence, proofs of the Hewitt-Savage and Kolmogorov zero-one laws are given which include the probabilistic case and the topological cases considered by Oxtoby, Christensen, and K. P. S. and M. Bhaskara Rao.

An Electrochemical Investigation Of The Effects Of Antiaromaticity And Determination Of The Increased Antiaromatic Destabilization Of Cyclobutenedione Upon Reduction, Reuben D. Rieke, C. Kenneth White, Lee D. Rhyne, Mark S. Gordon, John F. W. Mcomie, Niegel P. Hacker

Mark S. Gordon

Electrochemical studies were carried out on a series of cyclic 1,2-diones under nonaqueous conditions. From thereduction potentials and Hucke! molecular orbital calculations, the increase in antiaromatic destabilization of cyclobutenedione upon reduction is estimated to be at least 14 kcal/mol. The EPR spectrum of the radical anion of naphtho[b ]cyclobutadienoquinone is presented. Also, INDO calculations were carried out on several of the diones and the results are consistent with the experimental observations.

Environmental Change And Cultural Change In The Eastern Canadian Arctic During The Last 5000 Years, R. G. Barry, Wendy H. Arundale, J. T. Andrews, Raymond S. Bradley

Raymond S Bradley

Archaeological research suggests that cultural changes in the Canadian Arctic are closely linked to environmental changes. Current knowledge of postglacial climate and marine conditions in the eastern Canadian Arctic- an area demonstrably sensitive to small fluctuations in these conditions-is reviewed in the context of the prehistoric cultural sequence. Most of the major cultural events since 4500 BP appear to correlate well with the paleoclimatic conditions inferred from environmental data, although specific causal mechanisms cannot be documented. The expansions of Arctic Small Tool tradition (ASTt) and later of the Thule people seem to be related to warmer climatic conditions, whereas the …

Saturated Superfluid 4he Film Flow: Characteristic Oscillations Induced By Persistent Circulation, Robert Hallock, R. K. Galkiewicz

Robert Hallock

We report observations of characteristic reservoir oscillations induced by persistent circulation in saturated 4He films for several different geometries. The shape of the oscillation structure appears to be in qualitative agreement with the predictions of Campbell. Within the constraints imposed by theoretical approximations and uncertainties in the experimental parameters, the quantitative agreement is satisfactory.

Legislative Note, Metallic Mining And Reclamation In Michigan: Environmental Management As A Gentler Approach, John Dernbach

John C. Dernbach

No abstract provided.

A Topological Structure On The Structure Sheaf,, Lawrence Stout

Lawrence N. Stout

No abstract provided.

Experiments On The Attenuation Of Third Sound In Saturated Superfluid Helium Films, Robert Hallock, K. L. Telschow, R. K. Galkiewicz

Robert Hallock

Upper limits of the attenuation of third sound in saturated superfluid 4He films have been measured in three separate experiments. Our observations at frequencies from 0.1 to 200 Hz indicate that the attenuation in these thick films is substantially lower than would be inferred from the only previous experiment done on saturated films. We observe the third-sound velocity to have the temperature dependence predicted by Bergman.

Secular Changes Of Precipitation In The Rocky Mountain States, Raymond S. Bradley

Raymond S Bradley

Long-term preCIpitation records from Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah and western Colorado were obtained and carefully screened for missing data and station relocations. Each record was divided into five seasonal series and tested for homogeneity. Most of theunhomogeneous records were for the winter season, whereas there were fewest for summer and late summer seasons. Those seasonal records considered to be homogeneous were then used to examine the spatial variation of precipitation anomalies decade by decade (1891-1900, 1901-1910, etc.) from 1941-70 averages. Areas of statistically significant anomalies were identified. Generally, precipitation was high in the 1890's, 1910's and/or 1920's, 1940's and 1960's. …

Weak Type Multipliers For Hankel Transforms, William C. Connett, Alan L. Schwartz

UMSL Emeritus

Asymptotic Integration Of Linear Differential Equations Subject To Integral Smallness Conditions Involving Ordinary Convergence, William Trench

William F. Trench

No abstract provided.

Studies On Disinfection And Chemical Oxidation With Ozone And Chlorine In Water Reclamation, W. R. Ross, Johannes Van Leeuwen, W. O. K. Grabow

Johannes van Leeuwen

Laboratory studies showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila and Acinetobacter anitratum are more resistant to chlorine and ozone than Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant of all strains tested and was selected as test organism for pilot plant studies on the efficiencies of chlorine and ozone disinfection. The disinfectants proved equally efficient for the disinfection of chlorine demand-free water but ozone was much more efficient in the case of water with a chlorine demand. This difference was confirmed to be due to the property of chlorine to react with nitrogenous substances to form chloramines which are less efficient …

Radar Observations Of Two Dimensional Turbulence In The Equatorial Electrojet, 2, Bela G. Fejer, D. T. Farley, B. B. Balsley, R. F. Woodman

Bela G. Fejer

Observations with an altitude resolution of about 1 km were made with the large, vertically directed 50-MHz radar system at the Jicamarca Radar Observatory during the day, when the electrojet was strong. Type 1 (‘two stream’) echoes were seen in a limited range of altitudes, with Doppler shifts corresponding to upward and downward motion at the acoustic velocity. Most of the radar returns were due to type 2 echoes, however. The direction of motion of the type 1 waves sometimes reversed in as little as 1 s, supporting a turbulent model of the electrojet region. During the day the upgoing …

Radar Measurements Of Neutral Winds And Temperatures In The Equatorial E Region, B. B. Balsley, Bela G. Fejer, D. T. Farley, R. F. Woodman

Bela G. Fejer

The phase velocity of type 1 irregularities in the equatorial electrojet, which can be easily measured by radar, depends upon both the ion acoustic velocity (and hence the temperature) in the medium and the neutral wind velocity. By measuring the phase velocity at several zenith angles both of these quantities in principle can be determined. This note describes the technique and its limitations and presents a few preliminary results obtained at 50 MHz at the Jicamarca Radar Observatory in Peru. These results show E region east-west wind velocities as large as 100 m/s, temperature variations of greater than 100°K, and …

Radar Studies Of Anomalousvelocity Reversals In The Equatorial Ionosphere, Bela G. Fejer, D. T. Farley, B. B. Balsley, R. F. Woodman

Bela G. Fejer

Radar observations made at Jicamarca show that the equatorial electrojet current and the E and F region electric fields can reverse from their normal direction during the day or night and during magnetically quiet or disturbed conditions. The nighttime reversals can only be detected by such radar measurements. The observations support most of the current hypotheses concerning the electrojet plasma instabilities. The rapid reversals sometimes seen during disturbed conditions indicate that high-latitude currents and electric fields associated with substorm activity strongly perturb the dynamo current system at all latitudes.

Topological Properties Of The Real Numbers Object In A Topos, Lawrence Stout

Lawrence N. Stout

In his presentation at the categories Session at Oberwolfach in 1973, Tierney defined the continuous reals for a topos with a natural numbers object (he called them Dedekind reals). Mulvey studied the algebraic properties of the object of continuous reals and proved that the construction gave the sheaf of germs of continuous functions from X to R in the spatial topos Sh( X). This paper presents the results of the study of the topological properties of the continuous reals with an emphasis on similarities with classical mathematics and applications to familiar concepts rephrased in topos terms.

Orthogonal Polynomial Expansions With Nonnegative Coefficients, William F. Trench

William F. Trench

No abstract provided.

Excited States And Photochemistry Of Saturated Molecules. I. General Approach And Application To Propane, Patrick M. Saatzer, Robert D. Koob, Mark S. Gordon

Mark S. Gordon

Following Ruedenberg, we suggest that a useful measure of chemical binding is the two-center, one-electron interference contribution to the energy in the electronic state of interest. Using this conceptual framework, the vertical valence excited states of propane in the optimal ground state geometry are examined using INDO in its original parametrization. The results are compared with available experimental information. The calculations yield bond energies which are consistent with observed decomposition modes for ground states of small alkanes and excited states of propane. Configuration interaction calculations are discussed in the case of propane. Inclusion of all single excitations from the ground …

Published On Sw July First, Sid Twentythree

Sid Twentythree

Young's Modulus And Internal Damping In A Vibrating Rod, H. M. Simpson, Paul J. Wolfe

Paul J. Wolfe

A high‐Q mechanical oscillator in the form of a metallic rod with an eddy current driver is described. With this oscillator and a simple crystal transducer the characteristics of a mechanical oscillator can be easily studied and Young’s modulus for the metal can be found. With an inexpensive FM transducer system the internal damping of the metal can also be measured.

Localized Orbital Studies Of Hydrogen Bonding. Ii. Dimers Containing H 2 0, Nh 3, Hf, H 2 Co, And Hcn, Mark S. Gordon, Dennis E. Tallman, Cathy Monroe, Michael Steinbach, Jill Armbrust

Mark S. Gordon

INDO localized molecular orbitals (LMO's) are utilized for investigating the nature of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the fully geometry optimized dimers (HFh, (Hz0)2, (NH3)2, FH-OH2, HOH-FH, FH-NH3, H 2NH-FH, H20-HNH2, HOH-NH3, HCN-HF, and HzCO-HF. The results suggest that a reasonable measure of relative hydrogen bond strengths should be the intra bond, two-center, one-electron interference energy connecting the acceptor atom and donated proton. This approach views the net stabilization energy of a hydrogen bonded dimer as arising from a large energy decrease due to formation of the hydrogen bond, modified by smaller energy increases due to internal decreases in monomer bond …

Film Thinning In He Ii At Temperatures Above 1.1k, Robert Hallock, E. B. Flint

Robert Hallock

We have made measurements of the velocity-dependent film thinning in saturated films of He II over the temperature range 1.1

Progress In Extractive Metallurgy, Volume 1. Review By G.N. Dobrokhotov, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

Review of the first volume of Progress in Extractive Metallurgy edited by Fathi Habashi and published by Gordon & Breach in New York in 1975. The review was written by Professor Dobrokhotov at the Leningrad Mining Institute.

The Glaciation Level And Lowest Equilibrium Line Altitude In The High Canadian Arctic: Maps And Climatic Interpretation, G. H. Miller, Raymond S. Bradley, J. T. Andrews

Raymond S Bradley

The glaciation level (GL) over the Queen Elizabeth Islands is highest over the main mountain areas. There are extremely steep gradients approaching 15 m km-t along the northwestern margin of the archipelago where the glaciation level is very low (300 m a.s.l.). Although the glaciation level mirrors topography on a gross scale, at the finer level the relationship breaks down, probably because of the effect of the mountains on precipitation patterns. There appears to be a sharp decline in the elevation of the glaciation level between the Canadian islands and northwest Greenland. The elevation of the lowest equilibrium line altitudes …

Equilibrium-Line Altitudes, Mass Balance, And July Freezing-Level Heights In The Canadian High Arctic, Raymond S. Bradley

Raymond S Bradley

Equilibrium-line altitudes on the White Glacier, Axel Heiberg Island, and the north-west sector of the Devon Ice Cap are shown to be closely related to mean July freezing-level heights at nearby upper-air weather stations. An inverse relationship between July freezing-level heights and mass balance on the Devon Ice Cap is also shown. Reasons for such correlations are suggested and some limitations of the relationship are outlined. Recent lowering of the freezing level in July is discussed in relation to the theoretical "steady-state" equilibrium-line altitudes in the Canadian high Arctic. It is suggested that positive mass-balance years have predominated over a …

Holocene Stratigraphy And Chronology Of Mountain Meadows, Sierra Nevada, California, Spencer H. Wood

Spencer H. Wood

Valley-fill deposits, exposed by Twentieth-Century dissection of a number of meadows on the west slope of the southern Sierra Nevada, contain a stratigraphic record strongly affected by secular variations in watershed hydrology during the Holocene. Meadows are situated in low gradient reaches, adaquately supported by seep-age water, where fine textured materials accumulate under present hydrologic conditions• Meadows do not necessarily owe their origin to glacial modification of drainage. Many meadows have formed in both glaciated and unglaciated valleys by a water table rise in valley-fill deposits. Ground water in any meadow drainage basin is annually recharged by snowmelt. Significant evapotranspiration …

Properties Of Hxtas2, D. W. Murphy, F. J. Disalvo, G. W. Hull, J. V. Waszczak, S. F. Meyers, G. R. Stewart, S. Early, Juana Vivó Acrivos, T. H. Geballe

Juana Vivó Acrivos

The preparation of Hx TaS2 (0 < x < 0.87) is described. The compounds are only marginally stable at room temperature, slowly evolving H2S and H2 (and possibly Hp in air). Magnetic susceptibility data show that a low temperature transformation in 2H ... TaS2 (at so•K) is suppressed with the addition of hydrogen, and· at the same time the superconducting transition temperature T c rises from 0.8 to ~4.2•K at x = 0.11. Heat capacity measurements near this concentration show the superconductivity to be a bulk effect. Finally, by correlation of this data with susceptibility and T c measurements in other intercalation compounds, we suggest that the rise of T c (at low electron transfer) is due to suppression of the low temperature transformation and not due to an excitonic mechanism of superconductivity.

Properties Of Intercalated 2h-Nbse2, 4hb-Tas2 And 1t-Tas2, S. F. Meyer, R. E. Howard, G. R. Stewart, Juana Vivó Acrivos, T. H. Geballe

Juana Vivó Acrivos

The layered compounds 2H-NbSe, 24Hb-TaS, 2and 1T-TaS2 have been intercalated with organic molecules; and the resulting crystal structure, heat capacity, conductivity, and superconductivity have been studied. The coordination in the disulfide layers was found to be unchanged in the product phase. Resistance minima appear and the superconducting transition temperature is reduced in the NbSe2 complex. Conversely, superconductivity is induced in the 4Hb-TaS2 complex. Corresponding evidence of a large change of the density of states, negative for 2H-NbSe2 and positive for 4Hb-TaS2, was also observed upon intercalation. The transport properties of all the intercalation complexes show a pronounced dependence upon the …

The Effect Of The Gradient-Drift Term On Type I Electrojet Irregularities, D. T. Farley, Bela G. Fejer

Bela G. Fejer

We hypothesize that type 1 VHF radar echoes can only be observed when the electrojet plasma is linearly unstable at half the radar wavelength and that further, for reasons not yet understood, the phase velocity of the unstable waves always corresponds to the threshold conditions for instability, even when the destabilizing forces (electron drift and plasma density gradient) exceed the threshold. This phase velocity, which produces the Doppler shift of the radar echoes, is usually close to the ion acoustic velocity of the medium but can differ from it to some extent because of the effect of the density gradient. …

Vertical Structure Of The Vhf Backscattering Region In The Equatorial Electrojet And The Gradient Drift Instability, Bela G. Fejer, D. T. Farley, B. B. Balsley, R. F. Woodman

Bela G. Fejer

Radar measurements made with high spatial resolution and large dynamic range at the Jicamarca Radar Observatory near the time of reversal of the electrojet current provide further proof that the gradient drift instability is in fact responsible for the type 2 irregularities. Echoes are received over a much wider range of altitudes at night than during the day partly because of the change in character of the background electron density profile and partly because of recombination effects, which can be important during the day. It is also shown that one must be cautious, particularly at night, in associating the mean …

Oblique Vhf Spectral Studies Ofthe Equatorial Electrojet, Bela G. Fejer, D. T. Farley, B. B. Balsley, R. F. Woodman

Bela G. Fejer

A new narrow-beam antenna at the Jicamarca Observatory permits oblique (zenith angle, 25°) radar spectral studies of the electrojet with an altitude resolution down to 1.1 km. Only daytime observations are possible presently, however. The general altitude variations in spectral shape observed are consistent with linear instability theory, if the effect of recombination is included. The height at which the mean Doppler shift of the echo maximizes, however, is about 4 km higher than one would expect on the basis of electrojet models. An increase in the assumed collision frequency would remove the discrepancy. Other data presented strongly suggest that …