Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Bioremediation Of 2-Chlorophenol In A Laboratory Soil Column, Timothy A. Coon

Theses

In-situ bioremediation offers the prospect of rendering organic contaminants harmless without having to remove them from the subsurface. It involves the modification of environmental factors to stimulate the biodegradation of chemicals in the subsurface by microorganisms. However, for the cost-effective use of in-situ bioremediation, it is necessary to develop accurate engineering models to quantify biodegradation.

In this thesis, the biodegradation of 2-chlorophenol in a laboratory soil column was examined in order to experimentally verify an engineering model. Experiments were performed to obtain the physical and biological parameters required by the model, and the steady-state 2-chlorophenol distribution in the column.

A …

Microaccelerometer With Mechanically-Latched Memory, Zhenyu Ma

Theses

A new mechanically-latching micromachined accelerometer is designed in this thesis based on the large deflection of a microcantilever beam. This surface micromachined device moves in the plane of the substrate surface. This device is surface micromachined with no backside etching needed. The interaction of the friction tether and the dimensions of the cantilever beam have been modeled and calculated. The design acceleration sensitivity range is from 100G to 1000G. The photomask set has been designed by using the Mentor Graphics system. The dimension of individual accelerometers ranges from 100 to 1000 micrometers in length to tens of micrometers in width. …

Quantitative Studies Of An Immobilized Cell Oxidative Bioreactor, Timothy Lance Borkowski

Theses

The purpose of this work was to determine a suitable method of utilizing dissolved oxygen in reservoir solution data to quantitatively measure the amount of oxygen and substrate consumed for an immobilized cell batch bioreactor in a recirculation configuration. Statistical analysis was performed on multiple phenol injections to determine the mathematical relationship between dissolved oxygen readout and the amount of phenol degraded.

Factors considered in the mathematical analysis include amount of substrate degraded, reaction time, recirculation flow rate, measured dissolved oxygen concentration and oxygen consumption, oxygen conversion per pass through the bioreactor during steady state, and vitality of the microorganisms. …

The Growth, Enrichment, And Dehalogenating Properties Of Pyrococcus Gbd And Desulfurococcus Sy, Siegfried Georg Mueller

Theses

Recent investigations of volcanic smoker chimneys along the Atlantic Rift has lead to the discovery of hyperthermophilic bacteria. In particular, Pyrococcus GBD and Desulfurococcus SY were studied, optimizing growth conditions. This was achieved using elemental sulfur amendments, artificial sea water, and dehydrated marine broth. The microbes were then acclimated to enriched cultures containing 2,4,6 trichlorophenol in 0.0126 mM, 0.063 mM, and 0.126 mM amendments. The amended cultures showed dehalogenating properties and were subjected to a data qualifying program. This program indicated that the dehalogenation was a function of microbial gowth. A mass balance experiment showed that both microbes were able …

Catalytic Oxidation Of Trichloroethylene Over 5% [Alpha]-Fe2o3/[Gamma]-Alumina On A Honeycomb Monolith, Jeongho Han

Theses

This study addresses the ability of iron oxide to catalytically oxidize low concentrations of trichloroethylene (TCE) with air. The catalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene in a tubular reactor system was evaluated experimentally as a function of temperature and space velocity. A gas chromatograph with electron capture and flame ionization detectors was used for quantitative analysis of feed and product streams. X-ray diffraction measurement were used to qualitatively analyze the catalyst. The result indicate that over 99% conversion of 109 ppmv trichloroethylene in air is achieved at 1,490 v/v/hr and 450 °C, and at 21,768 v/v/hr, 550 °C. The major products from …

A High Temperature Pressure Sensor Based On Magnetic Coupling And Silicon Wafer Bonding, Deguang Zhu

Theses

In this thesis, the design and fabrication of a bulk micromachined and wafer bonded pressure sensor for high temperature applications is described. The device design is based on the magnetic coupling principle as described by the Biot-Savart law. By combining the mechanical properties of single crystal silicon with magnetic coupling, the designed sensor can be operated up to 600°C. The key components within the sensor are two inductive coils, a silicon diaphragm and a hermetic vacuum cavity.

The modeling based on a nine-turn single level coil device and a 300 μm x 300 diaphragm indicates an output rms voltage range …

Categories Of Fuzzy Sets With Values In A Quantale Or Projectale, Lawrence Stout

Lawrence N. Stout

Properties of the lattice L are reflected in the properties of the categories Set(L), Set(L)/(A,α), and the lattice U(A, α). The lattices U(A,α) best reflect the structures on the lattice if the structure is inherited by closed down segments and direct products. Operations at the level of the slice categories require distributivity too. The first object of this paper is to see how the additional structures given by an associative operation & which distributes over sups and hence has a right adjoint (a quantale in the sense of Rosenthal [7]) shows up at the three different levels for fuzzy sets. …

Improved Gaussian Beam-Scattering Algorithm, James A. Lock

Physics Faculty Publications

The localized model of the beam-shape coefficients for Gaussian beam-scattering theory by a spherical particle provides a great simplification in the numerical implementation of the theory. We derive an alternative form for the localized coefficients that is more convenient for computer computations and that provides physical insight into the details of the scattering process. We construct a FORTRAN program for Gaussian beam scattering with the localized model and compare its computer run time on a personal computer with that of a traditional Mie scattering program and with three other published methods for computing Gaussian beam scattering. We show that the …

Cara Menggugurkan Kandungan Usia 5 Bulan 087793835341, Aborsi Obat, Marco Carraciolo

Cara Menggugurkan Kandungan Di Surabaya 087793835341

Abundance Of Gulls And Other Birds At Landfills In Northern Ohio, Jerrold L. Belant, Thomas W. Seamans, Steven W. Gabrey, Richard A. Dolbeer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We estimated the abundance of birds at three landfills in northern Ohio from May 1991-July 1992 recording 699,350 individuals of 42 species. Gulls (Larus spp.) comprised 94.5% of the birds recorded followed by European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris, 5.0%) and turkey vultures (Cathartes aura, 0.3%). Gulls were primarily of two species, ring-billed (L. delawarensis, 74.49%) and herring (L. argentatus, 25.50%). The mean number of gulls per observation during July-January was at least five times the mean number observed during other months. The combined monthly mean number of gulls at the three landfills peaked in August (>4000 birds), with gulls virtually …

A Completely Integrable System And Parametric Representation Of Solutions Of The Wadati-Konno-Ichikawa Hierarchy, Zhijun Qiao

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

A finite-dimensional involutive system is presented, and the Wadati-Konno- Ichikawa (WKI) hierarchy of nonlinear evolution equations and their commutator representations are discussed in this article. By this finite-dimensional involutive system, it is proven that under the so-called Bargmann constraint between the potentials and the eigenfunctions, the eigenvalue problem (called the WKI eigenvalue problem) studied by Wadati, Konno, and Ichikawa [J. Phys. Sot. Jpn. 47, 1698 (1979)] is nonlinearized as a completely integrable Hamiltonian system in the Liouville sense. Moreover, the parametric representation of the solution of each equation in the WKI hierarchy is obtained by making use of the solution …

Linear Transport Theory Of Magnetoconductance In Metallic Multilayers: A Real-Space Approach, Horacio E. Camblong

Physics and Astronomy

The linear transport behavior of metallic multilayers is studied by using the real-space Kubo formula, for a model Hamiltonian consisting of zero-range spin-dependent impurity-scattering potentials. The resulting theory allows a direct comparison with the Boltzmann equation approach in the quasiclassical limit, which is expected to be a good approximation for most magnetic multilayers. Furthermore, the regimes for which quantum corrections might be needed are explicitly indicated. It is explicitly shown that: (i) periodicity is not required as a mechanism for giant magnetoresistance, and (ii) the two main geometries, current in the plane of the layers and perpendicular to the plane …

Phase Coexistence In Multifragmentation?, L. G. Moretto, L. Phair, R. Ghetti, K. Tso, N. Colonna, W. Skulski, G. J. Wozniak, D. R. Bowman, N. Carlin, M. Chartier, C. K. Gelbke, W. G. Gong, W. C. Hsi, Y. D. Kim, M. A. Lisa, W. G. Lynch, Graham F. Peaslee, C. Schwarz, R. T. De Souza, M. B. Tsang, F. Zhu

Faculty Publications

The charge ( Z) distributions from intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions depend upon the multiplicity n of intermediate mass fragments through a factor of the form e−cnZ. Experimentally c starts from zero at low values of the transverse energy Et and reaches a saturation value at high Et. In a liquid-gas phase diagram c=0 for the saturated vapor, while c>0 for the unsaturated vapor. It is suggested that in the c≈0 regime the source evaporates down to a sizable remnant, while for c>0 the source vaporizes completely. Percolation of finite systems and nuclear evaporation portray a behavior similar to …

Disk-Directed I/O For An Out-Of-Core Computation, David Kotz

Computer Science Technical Reports

New file systems are critical to obtain good I/O performance on large multiprocessors. Several researchers have suggested the use of collective file-system operations, in which all processes in an application cooperate in each I/O request. Others have suggested that the traditional low-level interface (read, write, seek) be augmented with various higher-level requests (e.g., read matrix), allowing the programmer to express a complex transfer in a single (perhaps collective) request. Collective, high-level requests permit techniques like two-phase I/O and disk-directed I/O to significantly improve performance over traditional file systems and interfaces. Neither of these techniques have been tested on anything other …

Highly Enantioselective Capillary Electrophoretic Separations With Dilute Solutions Of The Macrocyclic Antibiotic Ristocetin A, Daniel W. Armstrong, Mary P. Gasper, Kimber L. Rundlett

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ristocetin A is one of a series of structurally related amphoteric, glycopeptide, macrocyclic antibiotics. These compounds have several features that make them attractive as chiral selectors. These include spatially oriented functional groups that are known to provide the types of interactions that are conducive to enantio-recognition, a somewhat rigid "pocket" that can provide a site for hydrophobic interactions and polar, flexible arms (i.e., pendent sugar moieties) that can rotate to hydrogen bond and otherwise interact with a variety of chiral analytes. In addition, these compounds are sufficiently soluble in water, aqueous buffers and aqueous-organic solvents that are commonly used in …

Disk-Directed I/O For Mimd Multiprocessors, David Kotz

Dartmouth Scholarship

Many scientific applications that run on today's multiprocessors are bottlenecked by their file I/O needs. Even if the multiprocessor is configured with sufficient I/O hardware, the file-system software often fails to provide the available bandwidth to the application. Although libraries and improved file-system interfaces can make a significant improvement, we believe that fundamental changes are needed in the file-server software. We propose a new technique, \em disk-directed I/O, that flips the usual relationship between server and client to allow the disks (actually, disk servers) to determine the flow of data for maximum performance. Our simulations show that tremendous performance gains …

1.2, Yolanda Jones

E-lert

No abstract provided.

The Origin Of N Iii Λ990 And C Iii Λ977 Emission In Agn Narrow-Line Region Gas, Jason W. Ferguson, Gary J. Ferland, A. K. Pradham

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We discuss implications of Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT) detections of C III λ977 and N III λ990 emission from the narrow-line region of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068. In their discovery paper Kriss et al. showed that the unexpectedly great strength of these lines implies that the emitting gas must be shock-heated if the lines are collisionally excited. Here we investigate other processes which excite these lines in photoionization equilibrium. Recombination, mainly dielectronic, and continuum fluorescence are strong contributors to the line. The resulting intensities are sensitive to the velocity field of the emitting gas and require …

The Wall Of Reconnection-Driven Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence In A Large Solar-Flare, Ronald L. Moore, Ted N. La Rosa, L. E. Orwig

Faculty Articles

LaRosa & Moore (1993) recently proposed that the bulk dissipation of magnetic field that is required for the electron energization in the explosive phase of solar flares occurs in a ''fat current sheet,'' a wall of cascading MHD turbulence sustained by highly disordered driven reconnection of opposing magnetic fields impacting at a turbulent boundary layer. In two-ribbon eruptive flares, this turbulent reconnection wall is supposed to develop at the usual reconnection site in the standard model for these flares; that is, the reconnection wall stands in the vertical magnetic rent made by the eruption of the sheared core of the …

State-Selected Ion-Molecule Reactions: Charge Transfer And Atomic Rearrangement Processes In Thermal Energy Collisions Of H2+ (X;V)+N2 And Of N2+ (X,A;V) + H2, Cornelis J. Uiterwaal, J. Van Eck, A. Niehaus

C.J.G.J. Uiterwaal Publications

Using the photo-electron-product-ion-coincidence method (PEPICO) we have measured state-selective cross sections for the following processes: (A) N₂⁺ (X,A;v)+ H₂→N₂H⁺ + H, (B) H₂⁺ (X;v) + N₂→N₂H⁺ + H, (C) N₂⁺ (X,A;v)+H₂→H₂⁺ + N₂, and (D) H₂⁺ (X;v)+N₂→N₂⁺ + H₂ . The measurements were performed at thermal velocities (E_c.m. ≈ 40 meV).We have found that the charge transfer processes (C) and (D) …

Fragment Flow And The Multifragmentation Phase Space, G. J. Kunde, W. C. Hsi, W. D. Kunze, A. Schüttauf, A. Wörner, M. Begemann-Blaich, Th. Blaich, D. R. Bowman, R. J. Charity, A. Cosmo, A. Ferrero, C. K. Gelbke, J. Hubele, G. Imme, I. Iori, P. Kreutz, V. Lindenstruth, M. A. Lisa, W. G. Lynch, U. Lynen, M. Mang, T. Möhlenkamp, A. Moroni, W. F.J. Müller, M. Neumann, B. Ocker, C. A. Ogilvie, Graham F. Peaslee, J. Pochodzalla, G. Raciti, T. Rubehn, H. Sann, W. Seidei, V. Serfling, L. G. Sobotka, J. Stroth, L. Stuttge, S. Tomasevic

Faculty Publications

Fragment distributions have been measured for Au + Au collisions at EA=100 and 1000 MeV. A high detection efficiency for fragments was obtained by combining the ALADIN spectrometer and the MSU-Miniball/WU-Miniwall array. At both energies the maximum multiplicity of intermediate mass fragments (IMF) normalized to the size of the decaying system is about one IMF per 30 nucleons but the element distributions show significant differences. Within a coalescence picture the suppression of heavy fragments in central collisions at EA=100 MeV may be related to a reduction of the density in momentum space which is caused by the collective expansion.

Periodicity And Indecomposability, William Thomas Ingram

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper we characterize the existence of periodic points of odd period greater than one for unimodal mappings of an interval onto itself. The interesting juxtaposition of this condition with the occurrence in inverse limits of the well-known Brouwer-Janiszewski-Knaster continuum is explored. Also obtained is a characterization of indecomposability of certain inverse limits using a single unimodal bonding map. © 1995 American Mathematical Society.

Cretaceous Calcareous Plankton Biostratigraphy Of Sites 872 Through 879, Elisabetta Erba, Isabella Premoli Silva, David K. Watkins

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

This paper documents the distribution of calcareous nannofossils and planktonic foraminifers in Cretaceous sequences recovered at Sites 872 through 879 drilled on guyots in the central and western Pacific Ocean during Leg 144. Calcareous plankton biostratigraphy allows us to obtain important biostratigraphic age constraints for the onset, development, and demise of shallow-water sedimentation on these guyots.

Site 872 on Lo-En Guyot is the only site at which shallow-water limestones were not recovered during Leg 144. Here, the oldest sediment consists of pelagic limestone infilling fractures within the volcanic substrate. Calcareous plankton biostratigraphy constrains the age of these sediments to Coniacian …

Impact Of Erosion, Mass Wasting, And Sedimentation On Human Activities In The Río Grande Basin, Jujuy Province, Argentina, Waldo Chayle, William J. Wayne

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Nearly all dry mountainous regions are affected by severe erosion, floods, and debris flows during times of intense precipitation. The lithology, geologic structure, and climate in Jujuy Province, Argentina combine to place at serious risk the people who live along the Río Grande, the major river that drains the east side of the Cordillera Oriental and the west side of the Sierras Subandinas. Nearly all precipitation falls during summer (January–March) with little during the remainder of the year; most of the basin is semiarid to arid, although the southern end has a humid subtropical climate. Relief is great, as much …

19. Pedogenic Alteration Of Basalts Recovered During Leg 144, Mary Anne Holmes

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Basalts erupted to form the atolls and guyots of the Western Pacific have been altered in various ways, ranging from hydrothermal alteration to subaerial weathering by meteoric waters in a tropical environment. Subaerial weathering has been moderate to extreme. Moderate subaerial weathering is expressed by dissolution or replacement of primary minerals (olivine, pyroxenes, plagioclase feldspar) and alteration of glassy or aphanitic matrix to clay minerals, goethite, and hematite. The clay minerals are kaolinite or a brown smectite. Kaolinite concentrations decrease downhole and smectite concentrations increase. Although primary minerals are generally not preserved, primary structures, such as vesicles (generally filled by …

Theoretical Lithium 2 2s2 2p And 2 2p3 2d Oscillator Strengths, Z. C. Yan, Gordon W. F. Drake

Physics Publications

The oscillator strengths for the lithium 2 2S2 2P and 2 2P3 2D transitions are calculated to high precision using variational wave functions in Hylleraas coordinates. The calculated oscillator strengths for these transitions are 0.746 957 2(10) and 0.638 570 5(30), respectively. The results resolve disagreements among existing theoretical values and provide definitive predictions. A discrepancy of five standard deviations between the theoretical value and the most accurate measurement of Gaupp et al. [Phys. Rev. A 26, 3351 (1982)] for the 2 2S2 2P transition remains. © 1995 The American Physical Society.

Eigenvalues And Expectation Values For The 1s22s 2s, 1s22p 2p, And 1s23d 2d States Of Lithium, Z. C. Yan, Gordon W. F. Drake

Physics Publications

High-precision variational eigenvalues for the 1s22s 2S, 1s22p 2P, and 1s23d 2D states of lithium are calculated using multiple basis sets in Hylleraas coordinates. Convergence to a few parts in 1010-1011 is achieved. The nonrelativistic energies for infinite nuclear mass are -7.478 060 323 10(31) a.u. for the 1s22s 2S state, -7.410 156 521 8(13) a.u. for the 1s22p 2P state, and -7.335 523 541 10(43) a.u. for the 1s23d 2D state. The corresponding specific isotope shifts due to mass polarization are also calculated with similar accuracy. The 1s22s 2S-1s22p 2P and 1s22p 2P-1s23d 2D transition energies for Li7 and …

Asymptotic-Expansion Method For The Evaluation Of Correlated Three-Electron Integrals, Gordon W. F. Drake, Z. C. Yan

Physics Publications

An asymptotic-expansion method is presented for the evaluation of correlated three-electron integrals arising in Hylleraas-type variational calculations for lithium and other many-electron atoms. The method proves to be very efficient in accelerating the rate of convergence of an infinite series representation of the integrals. An analytic expression for the terms in the series is derived. © 1995 The American Physical Society.

Retarded Dipole-Dipole Dispersion Interaction Potential For Helium, M. J. Jamieson, Gordon W. F. Drake, A. Dalgarno

Physics Publications

The retarded dipole-dipole dispersion interaction potential in helium is evaluated from a set of very accurate effective dipole transition frequencies and oscillator strengths already obtained from a variational calculation. The asymptotic form changes from the inverse sixth to the inverse seventh power of the nuclear separation as the atoms move apart. Simple representations of the potential are given for use in scattering and structure calculations. © 1995 The American Physical Society.

The Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 10, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Virginia Wetlands Reports

• Louisiana Waterthrush. Julie G. Bradshaw
• American Eel. Lyle Varnell
• Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Develops New Tidal Wetlands Inventories. Marcia Berman
• Earthwatchers Witness Change in the Chesapeake. Jill Barnard
• Corrotoman River Nature Trail. Pam Mason
• Monkey Bottom Wetland Walkway: A Walk on the Wild Side. Jill Barnard
• Gapped Breakwaters. Walter I. Priest, III
• Why is riprap preferred over bulkheads?
• How do marsh grasses act to stabilize shorelines?