Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Studies On Advanced Experimental Methods And Instruments In Electrochemistry, Zhonghua Lin, Jin Luo, Zhongqun Tian, Shigong Sun, Changjian Lin, Bingwei Mao, Yong Yang, Huashui Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The following recent advances in the experimental methods and home-madeinstruments in Electrochemistry by electrochemistry group in Xiamen University are briefly surveyed.

Self-Assembled Monolayers:Preparation,Properties And Application, Xiandui Dong, Juntao Lu, Chuansin Cha

Journal of Electrochemistry

Self-assembling technique is a versatile approach to the preparation of monolayersof well-defined composition,structure,thickness and physicochemical properties.Different aspects,such as wettability,adhesion,corrosion,tribology,electrontransfer,protein adsorption,molecularrecognition,and applications of SAMs are widely studied.The developments in the last decade arereviewed,with special attention to the electrochemical studies related to electrodes modified with thiol-derivative-based SAMs

Problems On The Study Of Anodic Films On Pb In Sulfuric Acid Solution(Ⅰ), Wenbin Cai, Houtian Liu, Weifang Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The identification of the phase composition of the anodic film on Pb formed inH_2SO_4 solution in PbO potential region has long been argued,together with the explanation of thecathodic peak at about -0.9V(Hg/Hg_2SO_4)in the linear sweep voltammogram for a Pb-H_2SO_4system. In this article, a review of our recent investigations was presented on the above problems.

The Determination Of The Reaction Rate Constant Of As(Ⅲ)Scavenging Etchant, Jin Luo, Lianyong Su, Jintian Wu, Zhonghua Lin, Zhaowu Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

The mechanisms of the arsenite acid scavenging bromine and[Fe(Phen_3)]￣(3+)reaction were studied by the electrochemical methods. The arsenite acid scavenging bromine and[Fe(Phen_3)]￣(3+) reaction rate constants in sulfuric acid in the range of 23℃ to 69℃ and in the range of19℃ to 69℃ were determined by measuring the steady state limiting current,respectively.Theactivation energy of the arsenite acid scavenging bromine reaction in sulfuric acid is 33 kJ·mol￣(-1).

Electrodeposition Of Cobalt And Rare Earth-Cobalt In Urea-Nabr-Kbr Melt, Qiqin Yang, Kairong Qiu, Derong Zhu, Lichang Sa

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

The Influnce Of Conjugated Π Bond In Promoter Molecule On The Direct Electrochemical Reaction Of Cytochrome C, Xiaogang Qu, Tianhong Lu, Shaojun Dong

Journal of Electrochemistry

The promoter effect of thiophene with only one-functional group on the directelectrochemical reaction of cytochrome c was compared with that of tetrahydrothiophene in this report.It was found that thiophene is a good promoter.But tetrahydrothiophene could not facilitate the directelectrochemistry of cytochrome c although this compound is very similar to thiophene in str uctureexcept for conjugated π bond.This demonstrated that the conjugated π bond in thiophene plays animportant role for the acceleration of the direct electrochemistry of cytochrome c.

Studies Of Cl￣- On The Electrochemical Oscillation Behaviour Of Electrodeposited Silver Indium Selenide Thin Films By Using Dynamic Impedance And The Condensance Method, Shaoai Xie

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical oscillation behaviour of hydrogen peroxide cathodic reductionprocess on the electrodeposited silver indium selenide electrode has been studied by using in-situdynamic impedance and the condensance measurement technique in different supporting electrolytessolutions.The surface composition of AglnSe_2 electrodes(before and after oscillating)were also givenby AES. According to the experimental results,the influence of Cl￣- on the mechanism of thiselectrochemical oscillaton process has been discussed in detail.

Properties Of Zr-Based Laves Phase Hydrogen Storage Electrode, Xueping Gao, Huabin Yang, Deying Song, Yunshi Zhang, Zuoxiang Zhou, Wei Zhang, Panwen Shen

Journal of Electrochemistry

After treated by HF solution,the surface of Zr(V_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)Ni_(0.54)Mo_(0.06))_(2.4) alloywas transformed from Zr-rich and Mn-rich layer to Ni-rich layer.In this way,the nickel on thesurface could be believed to be the Raney-type nickel, which could obviously shorten the activationcycles,improve electrocatalytic activity and hydrogen adsorption ability.In this paper,the reactionmechanism on the alloy surface(i.e. the mechanism of nickel-catalysis,hydrogen-adsorption andhydrogen-transference)had been investigated.And the impedance spectra were fitted to an equivalentcircuit using a non-linear,least-squares(NLLS)fitting program.

Coadsorption Of Para-Toluene Sulfamide And 1.4-Butynediol At Mercury Electrode, Shukun Huang, Naixian Xie, De Gao, Qiang Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The coadsorption characteristics of para-toluene sulfamide and 1,4-butynediol atmercury electrode have been studied by means of electrocapillary curve,differential capacity curve,Stuart model and the SCFMO method(CNDO/2).The coadsorption is a physical adsorption occuringnaturally. Lateral and flat orientations in the two adsorbates close to their maximum adsorptionpotential were considered respectively.Unlike attractive interactions of their own,there was arepulsive interaction at their coadsorption layer.A preferred adsorption of 1,4-butynediol occurredWhen they were at the same volume concentration.

A Relativistic Density-Functional Investigation Of Vibrational Frequencies Of Cn￣- On Cu And Ag Electrodes, Mengsheng Liao, Xin Lv, Qianer Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Abstract Potential Dependence,Vibrational Frequency,copper-electrode,Silver-electrode,Relativistic density-functional calculationAcknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China and ChinaPostdoctoral Science Foundation.

Photoelectric Property For Zinc Phthalocyanine Of Doping C_(60) On Inp Electrode, Mengxiong Zhan, Rongqing Yu, Biaolian Zhen, Dadian Cheng, Lansun Zheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

The curves of spectral and photovoltaic responses to zinc phthalocyanine of dopingC_(60) were determinted.The photovoltaic property for zinc phthalocyanine of doping C_(60) wereinvestigated on the InP single crystal in the photoelectrochemical cell.The results have shown that:1)The photovoltaic effect and the in tensit ies of the spectral response and of the photovoltaic responsefor ZnPc of doping C_(60) were greater than those of ZnPc;2)had better redox couple in the cells.

Progress In R&D Of Lithium Rechargeable Batteries In China, Jiqiang Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

The Photoelectrochemical Studies Of Passive Films On Rebar Electrodes In Simulated Cement Pore Solution, Wei Chu, Yuanxiang Shi, Baoming Wei

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electronic properties of the passive film on REBAR electrodes in simulatedcement pore solution(pH=9.0～13.8)have been investigated using in-situ photoelectrochemicalmethods.The results show that the passive film is composed of mixed oxides of ferrum ,and it is anamorphous,n-type semiconductive film. Variations of pH values,ions in the solution and film-formation potentials can affect the composition of the films. There are two main stages in the growthof the film,with two rate functions characterized by linear relation between the film thickness and thelogarithm of time.The addition of inhibitor NaNO_2 changes the composition,structure and growthkinetics of the film,and therefore improves the resistance of pitting corrosion induced …

Dielectric Relaxation Of Heterogeneous Systems With Planar Structure──Influence Of The Number And The Electric Conductivity Of Constituent Phases On The Relaxation Pattern, Kongshuang Zhao

Journal of Electrochemistry

Heterogeneous systems exhibit a marked dielectric relaxation at frequenciesbetween 0.1kHz and 10 MHz.In order to understand the reason for dielectric relaxation and therelation between the dielectric relaxation and the number of interfaces in heterogeneous systems,as anexample of typical heterogeneous systems、film-solution systems are discussed both theoretically andexperimentally from dielectric point of view.In particular,the frequency profiles of the dielectricrelaxation are analyzed in Connection with structure of the sustems and concentration of theconstituent phases.The reason for the relaxation is represented throrgh phenomenologically based onthe M-W mechanism.The feature of dielectric relaxation of these systems leads to the followhgcharacteristics:(1)The number of dielectric relaxations is equal …

Studies On The Bright Zinc-Nickel Alloy Palting In Alkaline Baths, Jiale Cai, Shaomin Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical properties of the Zn-Ni plating baths and the structure andperformance of the obtained deposits were investigated.The results show that the nickel content of theobtained deposits is incereased with decreasing of Zn￣(2+)/Ni￣(2+) ratio in the baths and with increasing ofcathodic current density;The cathode current efficiency is increased with increasing of Zn [Ⅱ]content in the bath and with decreasing of cathodic current density.The ZN-11 additive used is thereaction product of heterocyclic compound and polyamines with epichlorohydrin,it has a higheradsorptivity on Hg-electrede at potential between -0.16～-1.68 V (vs. Hg/HgO,1 mol·L￣(-1)KOH). It is found that zinc and nickel are codeposited anomalously due …

Studies On The Structure Of Licoo_2 Synthesized With Tartaric Acid And The Behaviorof Its Rechargeable Lithium Battery, Fuping Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The structure of LiCoO_2 synthesized with tartaric acid and the behavior of itsrechargeable Lithium battery have been studied by XRD, XPS, CV. CT. It has been shown thatLiCoO_2 has a space group R3m with hexagonal parameters a=0.281 0 nm,c=1.408 8 nm. Low-spin state Co￣(3+) configuration in LiCoO_2 has been suggested. Also,Li_2O, was identified onits surface.Furthermore, the capacity and the middle working voltage of its Lithium battery are about 120 mA·h·g￣(-1) and 3.8 V,respectively.The EMF of the cell changes with the Lithium composition of itscathode following E=4.318-0.450 X￣(2/3) in 0.451≤X≤0.934.

Theory Of Cyclic Voltammetry At Microdisk Electrode For Reversible Systems, Qiankun Zhuang, Hongyuan Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

By means of a new approach,the current equations of cyclic voltammetry whichdescribes two cases of quasi-steady-state and fast linear scan at microdisk electrode for reversiblesystem were presented and verified experimentally. It has been shown that the features of this currentessentially depend on the ration of,which is described in detail.ln extreme cases, the equationsare the same as those listed in literat ures for large plane and spherical electrodes.Using the quasi-steady-state equation,the causes and conditions for forming steady state,quasi-steady state andhysteresis current for linear sweep voltammetry are all explained and discussed.The width of the″hysteresis ring″is also calculated in this work.And the results …

Development Of High Active Aluminum Alloy Sacrificail Anode, Zhaobo Wei, Jianhua Wu, Guangzhang Chen, Songrao Jiang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A high active aluminum alloy sacrificial anode with the operating potential-1.40 v (SCE),and the the current capacity more than 2 175 A·h/kg and dissolution fair issuccessfully developed by adding zinc,indium,gallium,bismuth and heat treatment.The aluminumalloy sacrificial anode with super electrochemical properties can throughly replace the magnesium alloyanode when applied to seawater and freshening seawater,which is obviously advantageous to thetechnology and economy.

Effect Of Symmetric Alternating Current On Cathode Surface Before Iron Deposition, Xintan Hu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The composition and thickness of active film formed on the surface of cathodemade of low carbon steel after treated by symmetric alternating current(SAC)in ferris chloride bathis studied,and the interfacial morphology of the iron deposit and the substrate is also examined.Theresults show that the active film,which a thickness of 20～25nm can be obtained under SAC densityof about 7A dm￣(-2) ,so that the adherent iron deposit can be achieved on the active film. The effect ofSAC on cathode surface is discussed in detail.

The Oxidation Of Hydrogen Absotbing Alloys And Its Inhibition, Suqin Wang, Baojia Xia, Geping Yin, Pengfei Shi

Journal of Electrochemistry

This paper introduces the method to judge:1)the possibility of oxidation of themetal hydride electrode in an anode process by cyclic voltammetric curves,2)the oxidation pattern ofmetal hydride electrode in oxygen atmosphere in various charged states,and 3)the inhibition ofoxidation of hydrogen absorbing alloys by certain surface treatment.

Study On The Surface States Of Zinc Sulfide Thin Film Doped With Erbium And Their Effect On The Relaxation Luminance, Yujiang Wang, Zhaohong Liu, Zhenxiang Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

X-ray photoelectron spectrum and characteristics of the capacity,versus thevoltage of the thin film devices are measured to study the surface states of the zinc sulfide thin film.The transient electroluminescence excited by pulses shows the relaxation luminance peaks during anon-exponential decay process of the characteristic transitions activated by Er￣(3+) in the ZnS directcurrent thin film electroluminescence (DCTFEL) devices.The surface structures of ZnS:Cu,Cl,Erfilm with the absorption of oxygen,and the effect of the surface states on the relaxation luminance ofthe devices are discussed.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 71, No. Ii, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Archives Records

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Vickrey, Eric & Charbonee LaBelle. Survey Aimed at Dropout Rate
• Good, Epha. NASA Grant Targets Minorities, Research
• Becker, Lori. Empty-Handed: Western Loses Out on $200,000 Gift in Will – Kathleen Carter
• LaBelle, Charbonee. Students Not Safe from Tow Trucks – Parking
• Weaver, Ron. Editorial Cartoon re: Pay Raise
• Slicing Pay-Raise Pie for Faculty, Staff
• Gentile, Mark. Non-Discrimination Policy Should Include Gays
• Gagliardi, Melissa. When in France, Know the Language
• Curtis, Stacy. Editorial Cartoon. Shannon Faulkner Quits Citadel
• Brown, Karen. Take Care of Business, Black Students …

Assessing The Evolutionary Nature Of Multifragment Decay, E. Cornell, T. M. Hamilton, D. Fox, Y. Lou, R. T. De Souza, M. J. Huang, W. C. Hsi, C. Schwarz, C. Williams, D. R. Bowman, J. Dinius, C. K. Gelbke, T. Glasmacher, D. O. Handzy, M. A. Lisa, W. G. Lynch, Graham F. Peaslee, L. Phair, M. B. Tsang, G. Vanburen, R. J. Charity, L. G. Sobotka, W. A. Friedman

Faculty Publications

Multifragment decays of central collisions in 84Kr+197Au at E/A=35, 55, and 70 MeV are studied. The dependence of the extracted emission time on the velocity of the fragment pair is investigated. More energetic pairs manifest a stronger Coulomb interaction, indicating emission from a source of smaller spatial-temporal extent than less energetic pairs. This trend can be understood in the context of a statistical model that allows the source characteristics to evolve as the fragments are emitted.

Process Migration For Heterogeneous Distributed Systems, Matt Bishop, Mark Valence, Leonard F. Winiewski

Computer Science Technical Reports

The policies and mechanisms for migrating processes in a distributed system become more complicated in a heterogeneous environment, where the hosts may differ in their architecture and operating systems. These distributed systems include a large quantity and great diversity of resources which may not be fully utilized without the means to migrate processes to the idle resources. In this paper, we present a graph model for single process migration which can be used for load balancing as well as other non-traditional scenarios such as migration during the graceful degradation of a host. The graph model provides the basis for a …

Trajectory Mapping And Applications To Data From The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, Gary A. Morris, Mark R. Schoeberl, Lynn C. Sparling, Paul A. Newman, Leslie R. Lait, Lee Elson, Joe Waters, Robert A. Suttie, Aidan Roche, Jack Kumer, James M. Russell Iii

Gary A. Morris

The problem of creating synoptic maps from asynoptically gathered trace gas data has prompted the development of a number of schemes. Most notable among these schemes are the Kalman filter, the Salby-Fourier technique, and constituent reconstruction. This paper explores a new technique called "trajectory mapping." Trajectory mapping creates synoptic maps from asynoptically gathered data by advecting measurements backward or forward in time using analyzed wind fields. A significant portion of this work is devoted to an analysis of errors in synoptic trajectory maps associated with the calculation of individual parcel trajectories. In particular, we have considered (1) calculational errors; (2) …

The Contributions Of Snow, Fog, And Dry Deposition To The Summer Flux Of Anions And Cations At Summit, Greenland, M H. Bergin, J L. Jaffrezo, C Davidson, Jack E. Dibb, S N. Pandis, R Hillamo, W Maenhaut, H D. Kuhns, T Makela

Earth Sciences

Experiments were performed during the period May–July of 1993 at Summit, Greenland. Aerosol mass size distributions as well as daily average concentrations of several anionic and cationic species were measured. Dry deposition velocities for SO₄²⁻ were estimated using surrogate surfaces (symmetric airfoils) as well as impactor data. Real-time concentrations of particles greater than 0.5 μm and greater than 0.01 μm were measured. Snow and fog samples from nearly all of the events occurring during the field season were collected. Filter sampler results indicate that SO₄²⁻ is the dominant aerosol anion species, with Na⁺, NH …

Trajectory Mapping And Applications To Data From The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, Gary A. Morris, Mark R. Schoeberl, Lynn C. Sparling, Paul A. Newman, Leslie R. Lait, Lee Elson, Joe Waters, Robert A. Suttie, Aidan Roche, Jack Kumer, James M. Russell Iii

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The problem of creating synoptic maps from asynoptically gathered trace gas data has prompted the development of a number of schemes. Most notable among these schemes are the Kalman filter, the Salby-Fourier technique, and constituent reconstruction. This paper explores a new technique called "trajectory mapping." Trajectory mapping creates synoptic maps from asynoptically gathered data by advecting measurements backward or forward in time using analyzed wind fields. A significant portion of this work is devoted to an analysis of errors in synoptic trajectory maps associated with the calculation of individual parcel trajectories. In particular, we have considered (1) calculational errors; (2) …

Mercury Surface-Plasmon Dispersion: Experiment And Theory, Bong-Ok Kim, Geunseop Lee, E. Ward Plummer, Peter A. Dowben, A. Liebsch

Peter Dowben Publications

Momentum-resolved inelastic electron spectroscopy has been utilized to measure the surface-plasmon dispersion and damping for thick Hg films grown onto a Cu(100) substrate. Hg has been investigated since it offers an opportunity to examine the effects of the crystal potential on the surface-plasmon dispersion, and to correlate the measurements on a surface with those for collective excitations in clusters. The effects of the electronic band structure of Hg can be seen in the energy and width of the surface plasmon as a function of momentum transfer q∥. Dynamical response calculations were performed for a semi-infinite electron gas where several important …

Polarized Light Emission In Kev He²⁺ + Na(3s) Collisions, S. Schippers, P. Boduch, J. Van Buchem, F. W. Bliek, R. Hoekstra, R. Morgenstem, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We investigated l- and m-distributions of He u (n = 4) states formed during 213.3 keV amu'1 He2+ + Na(3s) collisions by measuring profiles and the linear polarization of the He u (4→ 3) emission. We found that at these energies capture into He+(4f) dominates over capture into other He+(4i) states. Over the indicated energy range the polarization of the4He u (4 → 3) photon emission increases from 0.2 to 0.3 indicating a strong alignment of the captured projectile charge cloud along the intemuclear axis. Due to the non-zero nuclear spin the polarization is up to 10% lower when using3He2+ …

Electron Emission From Foils Induced By Heavy-Ion Collisions, R. A. Sparrow, Ronald E. Olson, D. Schneider

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Absolute double differential yield per ion has been calculated for forward and backward electron emission produced by collisions of highly charged uranium ions with carbon foils of varying thicknesses. A Monte Carlo method has been developed which employs multiple ionization of the carbon and subsequent energy and angular straggling of freed electrons through the foil. A comparison with experimental double differential electron emission yields shows general agreement. Calculated total electron emission is in agreement with experiment at 44 fig cm-2 as well as the results of Rothard et el. In addition, the radial distribution of energy deposited by the electrons …