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2001

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Articles 1471 - 1500 of 3030

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Field Evaluation Of A Visual Barrier To Discourage Gull Nesting, P. A. Pochop, J.L. Cummings, R. M. Engeman Mar 2001

Field Evaluation Of A Visual Barrier To Discourage Gull Nesting, P. A. Pochop, J.L. Cummings, R. M. Engeman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis and California Gull L. californicus populations have increased throughout the western United States in close association with human settlement (Conover 1983; Ryder 1993). On Upper Nelson Island in the Columbia River, the number of Ring-billed and California Gull nests increased from 4 600 in 1978 to 21 000 in 1999 (Thompson and Tabor 1981; Pochop, this manuscript). Agriculture and landfills provided food sources, and construction of reservoirs increased island nest sites for gulls (Ryder 1993). Gulls gather below hydroelectric facilities in the spring to feed on migrating juvenile salmonids (Steuber et al. 1995). Also, increased gull …

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The Other Tools For Wolf Management, John A. Shivik Mar 2001

The Other Tools For Wolf Management, John A. Shivik

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Non-lethal options are being studied by researchers at the National Wildlife Research Center. But do they really work?

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Inability To Predict Geographic Origin Of Yellow-Headed Blackbirds, Xanthocephalus Xanthocephalus, During Migration, Daniel J. Twedt, George M. Linz, William J. Bleier Mar 2001

Inability To Predict Geographic Origin Of Yellow-Headed Blackbirds, Xanthocephalus Xanthocephalus, During Migration, Daniel J. Twedt, George M. Linz, William J. Bleier

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Yellow-headed Blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) collected at different breeding locations in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and North Dakota exhibit clearly discernable morphometric differences with larger bodied birds found at more northern and western locations. We reduced eight skeletal measurements and body length from adult female and male Yellow-headed Blackbirds to their first two principal components. Principal component scores progressively increased at more northwestern locations. Principal component scores were also derived from measurements of birds collected in central North Dakota throughout summer and fall. We hypothesized an increase in principal component scores of Yellow-headed Blackbirds from summer through fall within central …

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Great Egret Preference For Catfish Size Classes, Scott J. Werner, Mark E. Tobin, Paul B. Fioranelli Mar 2001

Great Egret Preference For Catfish Size Classes, Scott J. Werner, Mark E. Tobin, Paul B. Fioranelli

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Several species of fish-eating birds are commonly observed near aquaculture facilities in the southern United States. An understanding of the relationships between these birds and specific commodities is needed to interpret and manage bird impacts to aquacultural production. We conducted two foraging experiments to evaluate the preference o f Great Egrets (Ardea alba) for three specific size classes of Channel Catfish (Zctalurus punctatus). During six no-choice feeding trials, egrets consumed significantly more small (7.5-10 cm) fingerlings than medium (13- 18 cm) or large (23-23 cm) catfish. Egrets captured 19 large catfish, and ingested only two, even …

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Crossover From Phase Fluctuation To Amplitude-Dominated Superconductivity: A Model System, Richard P. Barber Jr., L. Merchant, J. Ostrick, Robert C. Dynes Mar 2001

Crossover From Phase Fluctuation To Amplitude-Dominated Superconductivity: A Model System, Richard P. Barber Jr., L. Merchant, J. Ostrick, Robert C. Dynes

Physics

We have experimentally studied a model system that demonstrates the crossover from a superconductor that is dominated by phase fluctuations, to one in which the amplitude of the order parameter is the controlling influence on Tc. This model system is comprised of two-dimensional granular Pb with an overlayer of Ag. The system displays many aspects of the phase diagram of the concentration dependence of Tc in the high-Tc superconductors, and this crossover has been applied to explain the phase diagram in that case. We point out the similarities and differences between the model system presented in this paper and the …

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Ratios Of Multijet Cross Sections In Pp̅ Collisions At √S = 1.8 Tev, B. Abbott, Gregory R. Snow, D0 Collaboration Mar 2001

Ratios Of Multijet Cross Sections In Pp̅ Collisions At √S = 1.8 Tev, B. Abbott, Gregory R. Snow, D0 Collaboration

Gregory Snow Publications

We report on a study of the ratio of inclusive three-jet to inclusive two-jet production cross sections as a function of total transverse energy in pp̅ collisions at a center-of-mass energy√s = 1.8 TeV, using data collected with the D0 detector during the 1992–1993 run of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The measurements are used to deduce preferred renormalization scales in perturbative O(αs3) QCD calculations in modeling soft-jet emission.

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Case Study 1 : Foliar Insecticide I, Monte Mayes, John D. Eisemann, Alain Baril, Tony Hawkes, Liesbeth Heijink, Peter Lawlor Mar 2001

Case Study 1 : Foliar Insecticide I, Monte Mayes, John D. Eisemann, Alain Baril, Tony Hawkes, Liesbeth Heijink, Peter Lawlor

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A major part of the Woudschoten workshop was conducted in the form of breakout groups dealing with a case study each. A case study consists of a set of test results, data, and information on a fictitious pesticide which could be part of an application for authorization. The groups were asked to take the role of regulators assessing the risk to birds for a specified use. Basic data packages for each case containing a description of the use, standard toxicity data, and background information were prepared by the case study authors and distributed in advance. The groups were then asked …

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Repelling Sandhill Cranes From Corn: Whole-Kernel Experiments With Captive Birds, Bradley F. Blackwell, David A. Helon, Richard A. Dolbeer Mar 2001

Repelling Sandhill Cranes From Corn: Whole-Kernel Experiments With Captive Birds, Bradley F. Blackwell, David A. Helon, Richard A. Dolbeer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) are opportunistic omnivores that incorporate both waste and unharvested cereal grains (Gramineae) in their diets. Limited hunting of cranes to reduce crop damage has had questionable results, and lethal control of depredating species is increasingly contentious. Our objectives were to evaluate anthraquinone-based Flight ControlTM and methyl anthranilate-based ReJeX-iTTM AG-36 as nontoxic avian foraging repellents in separate 2-choice pen tests with captive greater sandhill cranes (G. c. tabida) fed with whole-kernel corn (Zea mays). In both tests, crane pairs consumed, respectively, 8.6 and 9.8 times more untreated than treated …

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Objectives And Integrated Approaches For The Control Of Brown Tree Snakes, Richard M. Engeman, Daniel S. Vice Mar 2001

Objectives And Integrated Approaches For The Control Of Brown Tree Snakes, Richard M. Engeman, Daniel S. Vice

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The inadvertent introduction of the brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) to Guam has resulted in the extirpation of most of the island’s native terrestrial vertebrates, has presented a health hazard to small children, and also has produced an economic problem. Management of brown tree snakes is aimed at a number of objectives, the foremost of which has been to deter its dispersal through Guam’s cargo traffic to other locations. Another objective is to reclaim areas on Guam for reintroduction of native wildlife. A related objective is the protection of small sensitive sites on Guam from brown tree snake …

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Case Study 2: Seed Treatment, Peter Edwards, Kees Romijn, Michael L. Avery, Ralf Barfknecht, Mark Clook, Wout Slob, Martin Urban Mar 2001

Case Study 2: Seed Treatment, Peter Edwards, Kees Romijn, Michael L. Avery, Ralf Barfknecht, Mark Clook, Wout Slob, Martin Urban

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

General information and use pattern
Function: Insecticide seed treatment
Mode of action: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor
Type and composition of formulation: Cereal seed treatment with colored dye. Nominal concentration on seed is 1000 mg a.i./kg.
Crop and pest: Control of wheat bulb fly in autumn/winter-sown cereals
Application: Treated seed is drilled to a depth of approximately 2.5 cm at a sowing rate of approximately 180 kg seed/ha. Soil type, seedbed, and climatic conditions may influence the proportion of seeds left on the soil surface. The label is explicit about procedures to minimize seed left on the soil surface and collection and …

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A Direct Comparison Of Trapping And Spotlight Searches For Capturing Brown Tree Snakes On Guam, Richard M. Engeman, D.S. Vice Mar 2001

A Direct Comparison Of Trapping And Spotlight Searches For Capturing Brown Tree Snakes On Guam, Richard M. Engeman, D.S. Vice

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Brown Tree Snake populations on Guam are controlled in the vicinities of cargo staging and transport areas to prevent their dispersal from Guam, and their populations are controlled in areas where endangered species are to be reintroduced. Trapping and night-time spotlight searches of fences are the two primary Brown Tree Snake population reduction methods used on Guam. We conducted a three month study comparing Brown Tree Snake captures by spotlighting fences to captures by trapping. Traps were placed either on the edge of the forest paralleling the fences, or they were hung on the fences. Applications of each capture method …

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Effect Of Feeding Stations On The Home Ranges Of American Black Bears In Western Washington, Philipp Fersterer, Dale L. Nolte, Georg J. Ziegltrum, Hartmut Gossow Mar 2001

Effect Of Feeding Stations On The Home Ranges Of American Black Bears In Western Washington, Philipp Fersterer, Dale L. Nolte, Georg J. Ziegltrum, Hartmut Gossow

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Forest managers establish feeding stations throughout coniferous forests in western Washington that are vulnerable to American black bear (Ursus americanus) damage in the spring. This study was conducted to determine whether the home ranges of bears in areas with supplemental feeding were smaller than the home ranges of bears in similar adjacent areas without supplemental feeding. Home range sizes varied among bears. However, the home range sizes of bears in feeding areas did not differ (P > 0.35) from home ranges of bears in non-feeding areas. Male bears had larger (P = 0.0002) home ranges than female …

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Daily Activity Budgets And Population Size Of American White Pelicans Wintering In South Louisiana And The Delta Region Of Mississippi, D. Tommy King, Scott J. Werner Mar 2001

Daily Activity Budgets And Population Size Of American White Pelicans Wintering In South Louisiana And The Delta Region Of Mississippi, D. Tommy King, Scott J. Werner

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Twenty-one American White Pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) were captured and fitted with radio-transmitters in South Louisiana and the delta region o f Mississippi during the winter and early spring of 1994-1997. The pelicans were monitored to determine their daily activity budgets while using different habitats such as catfish ponds, crawfish ponds, rivers, lakes, and bayous. Pelicans foraging at catfish ponds spent about 4% of their day foraging and 96% loafing, while pelicans foraging in other habitats spent about 28% of their day foraging and 72% loafing. For an individual bird, the mean number of foraging sessions per day was …

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Bear Behavior In The Vicinity Of Supplemental Feeding Stations In Western Washington, Dale L. Nolte, Timothy J. Veenendaal, Georg J. Ziegltrum, Philipp Fersterer Mar 2001

Bear Behavior In The Vicinity Of Supplemental Feeding Stations In Western Washington, Dale L. Nolte, Timothy J. Veenendaal, Georg J. Ziegltrum, Philipp Fersterer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Black bear can inflict severe negative Impacts on timber stands in the northwestern United States. A supplemental feeding program to provide bears an alternative food source during spring is practiced in the state of Washington, and to a lesser extent in other states. We initiated concurrent studies to assess characteristics of bear that forage at feeding stations, the interactions of bears around feeders, and impacts of the program on bear territories. Numerous bears fed at stations, including females with and without cubs, yearlings, and males. Bear feeding bouts at stations were generally short, less than 15 minutes. Bears generally fed …

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Evolution Of Cloud-To-Ground Lightning Discharges In Tornadic Thunderstorms, Wendy L. Seaman Mar 2001

Evolution Of Cloud-To-Ground Lightning Discharges In Tornadic Thunderstorms, Wendy L. Seaman

Theses and Dissertations

Air Force operations are directly impacted by weather on a daily basis. Erroneous forecasts negatively impact mission readiness and consequently cost the government time, in terms of wasted man-hours, and money. Advanced forecast lead-time could make a difference to minimize loss to both USAF personnel and assets. This study examined lightning data from 64 storm events from 1995-2000 in search of unique lightning signatures indicative of tornadic activity. Overall flash rates, percentage of positive flashes, positive and negative peak currents and multiplicity for each case were separated into two categories based on tornado intensity and season of occurrence. Based on …

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Probabilistic Temporal Databases, I: Algebra, Alex Dekhtyar, Robert Ross, V. S. Subrahmanian Mar 2001

Probabilistic Temporal Databases, I: Algebra, Alex Dekhtyar, Robert Ross, V. S. Subrahmanian

Computer Science and Software Engineering

Dyreson and Snodgrass have drawn attention to the fact that in many temporal database applications, there is often uncertainty present about the start time of events, the end time of events, the duration of events, etc. When the granularity of time is small (e.g. milliseconds), a statement such as "Packet p was shipped sometime during the first 5 days of January, 1998" leads to a massive amount of uncertainty (5 X 24 X 60 X 60 X 1000) possibilities. As noted in [41], past attempts to deal with uncertainty in databases have been restricted to relatively small amounts of uncertainty …

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“A Last Chance For Wilderness”: Defining The Allagash Wilderness Waterway, 1959-1966, Richard W. Judd Mar 2001

“A Last Chance For Wilderness”: Defining The Allagash Wilderness Waterway, 1959-1966, Richard W. Judd

Maine History

Seen in national perspective, the Allagash Wilderness Waterway is arguably Maine's most dramatic environmental accomplishment. The waterway resulted from an extended debate over several mutually exclusive proposals for the north Maine woods— dams to flood it; national parks to preserve it; and recreational schemes to transform it into a Coney Island of the North. In the mid-1960s, a coalition of landowners and conservationists cobbled together a preservation plan that conformed to the 1968 Federal Wild and Scenic River Act but pioneered several unique features that gave the wilderness idea a decidedly “eastern” twist. As a result, the waterway became a …

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Glacial Lake Wright, A High-Level Antarctic Lake During The Lgm And Early Holocene, Brenda L. Hall, George H. Denton, B. Overturf Mar 2001

Glacial Lake Wright, A High-Level Antarctic Lake During The Lgm And Early Holocene, Brenda L. Hall, George H. Denton, B. Overturf

Earth Science Faculty Scholarship

We report evidence of a large proglacial lake (Glacial Lake Wright) that existed in Wright Valley in the McMurdo Dry Valleys region of Antarctica at the last glacial maximum (LGM) and in the early Holocene. At its highstands, Glacial Lake Wright would have stretched 50 km and covered c. 210 km(2). Chronology for lake-level changes comes from 30 AMS radiocarbon dates of lacustrine algae preserved in deltas, shorelines, and glaciolacustrine deposits that extend up to 480 m above present-day lakes. Emerging evidence suggests that Glacial Lake Wright was only one of a series of large lakes to occupy the McMurdo …

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Long-Term And Seasonal Variations In Co2: Linkages To Catchment Alkalinity Generation, Stephen A. Norton, B. J. Cosby, I. J. Fernandez, J. S. Kahl, M. Robbins Church Mar 2001

Long-Term And Seasonal Variations In Co2: Linkages To Catchment Alkalinity Generation, Stephen A. Norton, B. J. Cosby, I. J. Fernandez, J. S. Kahl, M. Robbins Church

Earth Science Faculty Scholarship

As atmospheric emissions of S have declined in the Northern Hemisphere, there has been an expectation of increased pH and alkalinity in streams believed to have been acidified by excess S and N. Many streams and lakes have not recovered. Evidence from East Bear Brook in Maine, USA and modelling with the groundwater acid-base model MAGIC (Cosby et al. 1985a,b) indicate that seasonal and yearly variations in soil PCO2 are adequate to enhance or even reverse acid-base (alkalinity) changes anticipated from modest decreases of SO4 in surface waters. Alkalinity is generated in the soil by exchange of H+ from dissociation …

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Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 17, Number 6, March 2001, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University Mar 2001

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 17, Number 6, March 2001, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

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The Probe, Issue 215 – March/April 2001 Mar 2001

The Probe, Issue 215 – March/April 2001

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Experimental Pocket Gopher Control Device -- Jeff Schalau
The Northeast Wildlife Damage Management Research and Outreach Cooperative -- Paul Curtis, Cornell University and Gary San Julian, Penn State University, Co-Directors
Get a Free "Web Presence" at the Internet Center for Wildlife Damage Management (ICWDM) -- Dallas Virchow
Cornell Cooperative Extension is now providing an electronic version of Wildlife Damage News (http:www.dnr.cornell.edu/ext/wildlifedamage/). This is an electronic newsletter.
The brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) and acetaminophen in Guam: "Two 300 mg tablets in a dead mouse, ingested by a brown tree snake, kills the snake within 3 hours," said Mike Pitzler, a …

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Outbound Authentication For Programmable Secure Coprocessors, S W. Smith Mar 2001

Outbound Authentication For Programmable Secure Coprocessors, S W. Smith

Computer Science Technical Reports

A programmable secure coprocessor platform can help solve many security problems in distributed computing. These solutions usually require that coprocessor applications be able to participate as full-fledged parties in distributed cryptographic protocols. Thus, to fully enable these solutions, a generic platform must not only provide programmability, maintenance, and configuration in the hostile field---it must also provide outbound authentication for the entities that result. A particular application on a particular untampered device must be able to prove who it is to a party on the other side of the Internet. To be effective, a secure outbound authentication service must closely mesh …

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Table Of Contents Volume 12, Number 1/2, Spring 2001, Risk Editorial Board Mar 2001

Table Of Contents Volume 12, Number 1/2, Spring 2001, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Table of contents for the journal RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (ISSN: 1073-8673)

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New D-Optimal Designs Of Order 110, R. J. Fletcher, Jennifer Seberry Mar 2001

New D-Optimal Designs Of Order 110, R. J. Fletcher, Jennifer Seberry

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We give two new D-optimal designs of order 110.

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Application Of The Discrete Fourier Transform To The Search For Generalised Legendre Pairs And Hadamard Matrices, R. J. Fletcher, M. Gysin, Jennifer Seberry Mar 2001

Application Of The Discrete Fourier Transform To The Search For Generalised Legendre Pairs And Hadamard Matrices, R. J. Fletcher, M. Gysin, Jennifer Seberry

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We introduce Legendre sequences and generalised Legendre pairs (GL-pairs). We show how to construct a Hadamard matrix of order 2ℓ + 2 from a GL—pair of length ℓ. We review the known constructions for GL-pairs and use the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and power spectral density (PSD) to enable an exhaustive search for GL-pairs for lengths ℓ ≤ 45 and partial results for other ℓ.

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On Infinite Families Of Sequences With One And Two Valued Autocorrelation And Two Valued Crosscorrelation Function, M. Gysin, Jennifer Seberry Mar 2001

On Infinite Families Of Sequences With One And Two Valued Autocorrelation And Two Valued Crosscorrelation Function, M. Gysin, Jennifer Seberry

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We show how to construct infinite families of sequences that have one and two valued autocorrelation and two valued crosscorrelation function. These sequences are obtained via the discrete Fourier transform of integer sequences. The sequences obtained can be complex valued or having entries ε {0, 1, ... , p}, p prime, depending on the construction used.

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Scalable Qos-Aware Disk Scheduling, Walid G. Aref, Kaled El-Bassyouni, Ibrahim Kamel, Mohamed F. Mokbel Mar 2001

Scalable Qos-Aware Disk Scheduling, Walid G. Aref, Kaled El-Bassyouni, Ibrahim Kamel, Mohamed F. Mokbel

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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High Mobility In N-Type Gan Substrates, A. Saxler, David C. Look, S. Elhamri, J. R. Sizelove, William C. Mitchel, C. M. Sung, S. S. Park, K. Y. Lee Mar 2001

High Mobility In N-Type Gan Substrates, A. Saxler, David C. Look, S. Elhamri, J. R. Sizelove, William C. Mitchel, C. M. Sung, S. S. Park, K. Y. Lee

Physics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Norms Of Sums Of Squares, Robert W. Fitzgerald Mar 2001

Norms Of Sums Of Squares, Robert W. Fitzgerald

Articles and Preprints

For a finite separable extension K/F of fields of characteristic not 2, the norm of a sum of 2n squares in K is a sum of 2n squares in F. We find explicit identities.

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Review Of The Marine Mammals Of The Gulf Of Mexico, Edward O. Keith Mar 2001

Review Of The Marine Mammals Of The Gulf Of Mexico, Edward O. Keith

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

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