Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Modified Critical Correlations Close To Modulated And Rough Surfaces, Andreas Hanke, Mehran Kardar

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Correlation functions are sensitive to the presence of a boundary. Surface modulations give rise to modified near surface correlations, which can be measured by scattering probes. To determine these correlations, we develop a perturbative calculation in deformations in height from a flat surface. The results, combined with a renormalization group around four dimensions, are also used to predict critical behavior near a self-affine rough surface. We find that a large enough roughness exponent can modify surface critical behavior.

Chemical Transferability Of Single- And Multiple-Scattering Exafs Debye-Waller Factors, N. Dimakis, Grant Bunker

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Single- and multiple-scattering EXAFS Debye-Waller factors are amplitude reduction parameters that appear in the EXAFS x(k) equation accounting for the structural and thermal disorder of a given sample. These parameters must be known accurately in order to obtain quantitative agreement between theory and experiment. Since experimental data can only support a limited number of fitted parameters these factors must be known from another source. Although various approaches have been considered in the past with a variety of results, the self-consistent ab initio Density functional theory stands for the most accurate and reliable method regardless of molecular symmetry or other specific …

Single-Pulse Characteristics Of The Millisecond Radio Pulsar Psr B1937 + 21 At 430 Mhz, F. A. Jenet, S. B. Anderson, T. A. Prince

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The single-pulse characteristics of the millisecond pulsar PSR B1937 + 21 are studied using the recently installed Caltech baseband recorder at the Arecibo Radio Observatory in Puerto Rico. This is the first such analysis of this object that includes both average intensity pulses as well as \"giant pulses.\" Pulse ensemble-averaging techniques are developed in order to study the characteristics of PSR B1937 + 21's single pulses since the high time resolution signal-to-noise ratio is less than unity. This analysis reveals that the non-giant pulse radio emission is extremely stable. All observed fluctuations are consistent with diffractive interstellar scattering. Such intrinsic …

An Evaluation Of Environmental Disclosures Produced In Australian Local Government Annual Reports, Royston J. Tan

Theses : Honours

This thesis is an evaluation of the environmental disclosures published in Australian local governments' annual reports. The study is aimed in identifying disclosures of environmental information by Australian local governments and providing explanations for the variations in the quantity and quality of information disclosed. Various social responsibility theories were used in this study. The theories employed in this study were institutional factors, stakeholder theory, social and political theories. Institutional factors included issues such as local government characteristics and pressures exerted from various government and non·government organizations to implement and disclose environmental measures. A content analysis methodology was used in this …

The Assessment Of Satellite Remote Sensing As A Tool For Determining Sea Surface Temperatures In Nearshore Environments, Fabienne Faskel

Theses : Honours

The use of satellite remote sensing for environmental management applications has seen a marked increase over the past decade. Remotely sensed data are obtainable for a variety of parameters, such as mineral exploration, species migration, and for determining sea surface temperatures (SSTs). This study examined whether satellite remote sensing is a viable option for determining SSTs in coastal waters, as traditionally this application has only been applied to open-ocean, offshore waters. SSTs in the nearshore waters of Rottnest Island, Western Australia, were determined using in situ temperature loggers and remotely sensed satellite data. Initially the accuracy of the satellite sea …

Bluetooth Software On Linux, Wireless Hand-Held Devices, Teck Khoon Low

Theses : Honours

In order to enable existing computers (non-Bluetooth ready) to connect to a Bluetooth piconet, a Bluetooth hardware device comprising of the Radio antenna, the baseband and control circuit is used. The digital portion of this device is also known as a Host Controller, HC. In the traditional communication lingo, the Bluetooth Hardware functions, as the Data Communication Equipment (DCE) while the Host is the Data terminal Equipment (DTE). This report discusses the theory and implementation of the communication protocol between the Host and the Host Controller, enabling communication between the computer and the Bluetooth hardware

Storage Free Terrain Simulation, Warren Creemers

Theses : Honours

Landscape visualisation is the process of recreating a natural environment and displaying it in an interactive graphical simulation. To do this a terrain is displayed together with accompanying plant life and other objects. Present landscape visualisation software is capable in theory of displaying very detailed and large landscapes. The software is also in theory capable of simulating environments with thousands if not millions of individually structured plants. In practice though, the simulation of such landscapes requires such a large amount of storage space that it is not achievable on personal computers. Even storing small landscapes with a moderate amount plant …

Adequacy Of Terrestrial Fauna Surveys For The Preparation Of Environmental Impact Assessments In The Mining Industry Of Western Australia [Thesis], Jason L. Fraser

Theses : Honours

The Environmental protection Authority has indicated that terrestrial fauna surveys as undertaken for the purpose of preparing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) are not providing adequate information to enable decision-makers to assess development impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems. In the absence of a protocol to assess current standards of terrestrial fauna surveys, 'best practice' was defined through discussions held with an 'expert panel', and quantified through a questionnaire. This study examined current standards of terrestrial vertebrate fauna surveys, prepared for the purpose of EIA, with 'best practice' as defined by relevant expert opinion. Strengths and weaknesses of terrestrial fauna surveys were …

Mine Dewatering In Arid, Saline Environments In Western Australia: The Response Of Biota Emerging From Rehydrated Sediments, Charelle Harkins

Theses : Honours

Mine dewatering is a critical part of the mining process to prevent flooding of underground or open pits, to allow for the excavation of the available resources. Groundwater is abstracted from underground pits to the surface through extraction bores. The issue of where to discharge the excess water is a major concern. The use of natural wetlands is one option for mine water discharge. Saline lakes in arid areas are ideal receiving environments for discharge options, acting as evaporation facilities for the storage and disposal of excess mine water. Mine water discharge into ephemeral lake systems modifies the volume of …

Abundance, Distribution And Population Characteristics Of Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus Fuliginosus, Desmarest 1817) In Yellagonga Regional Park, Amy Chang

Theses : Honours

Yellagonga Regional Park is located in the northwest corridor of Perth and constitutes 1400 hectares of wetlands, parkland, open forest and open woodland. Few studies have been conducted on the native fauna in the Park's upland habitats. For this reason, a study of the abundance and distribution of western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) was conducted. A walked survey using direct counts and individual recognition of kangaroos during winter, recorded a total of 123 kangaroos, 51 pouch young and 23 unidentified individuals in Yellagonga Regional Park, and a further 24 kangaroos and 18 pouch young at Edith Cowan University's Joondalup campus. …

The Distribution Of Plants In Scoska Cave, North Yorkshire, And Their Relationship To Light Intensity, Allan Pentecost, Zhang Zhaohui

International Journal of Speleology

The flora of a small limestone cave was investigated. A total of 59 species was recorded (4 algae, 3 lichens, 47 bryophytes, 4 ferns, 1 angiosperm) making it bryologically the richest cave in Britain and one of the richest in Europe. All but nine of the species had been recorded from other European caves. Species-richness declined irregullarly from the entrance (relative irradiance with respect to open sky 12%) to 34m depth (rel. irradiance 0.004%). Bryophytes were found at 0-16m depth where relative irradiance declined to 0.2% and only algae were encountered at 34m depth. While irradiance, which declined exponentially, was …

Deposition Of Calcium Carbonate In Karst Caves: Role Of Bacteria In Stiffe's Cave, Claudia Ercole, Paola Cacchio, Giorgio Cappuccio, Aldo Lepidi

International Journal of Speleology

Bacteria make a significant contribution to the accumulation of carbonate in severa! natural habitats where large amounts of carbonates are deposited. However, the role played by microbial communities in speleothem formation (stalactites, stalagmites etc.) in caves is still unclear. In bacteria carbonate is formed by autotrophic pathways, which deplete CO₂ from the environment, and by heterotrophic pathways, leading to active or passive precipitation. We isolated cultivable heterotrophic microbial strains, able to induce CaCO₃ precipitation in vitro, from samples taken from speleothems in the galleries of Stiffe’s cave, L’Aquila, Italy. We found a large number of bacteria in the …

Studies On Certain Aspects Of Behaviour In The Blind Catfish Horaglanis Krishnai Menon, T. V. Anna Mercy, N. K. Pillai, N. K. Balasubramanian

International Journal of Speleology

Horaglanis krishnai is a blind catfish inhabiting the dug-out wells at Kottayam, Kerala. This fish has great zoogeographical importance as a similar blind clariid, Uegitglanis zammaroni is found only in the artesian wells of the former Italian Somaliland. Studies on certain behavioural aspects of the fish in captive conditions showed that, this fish even though is blind, exhibited a high degree of thigmotactism. Locomotion, comfort behaviour, feeding and light sensitivity of the fish were studied under laboratory conditions. Though the fish is totally blind and histological study did not reveal the presence of any light sensitive structures, the fish is …

New Sequential And Scalable Parallel Algorithms For Incomplete Factor Preconditioning, David A. Hysom

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

The solution of large, sparse, linear systems of equations Ax = b is an important kernel, and the dominant term with regard to execution time, in many applications in scientific computing. The large size of the systems of equations being solved currently (millions of unknowns and equations) requires iterative solvers on parallel computers. Preconditioning, which is the process of translating a linear system into a related system that is easier to solve, is widely used to reduce solution time and is sometimes required to ensure convergence. Level-based preconditioning (ILU(ℓ)) has long been used in serial contexts and is widely recognized …

Mathematical Models Of Quiescent Solar Prominences, Iain Mckaig

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

Magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere suspend and insulate dense regions of cool plasma known as prominences. The convection zone may be the mechanism that both generates and expels this magnetic flux through the photosphere in order to make these formations possible. The connection is examined here by modeling the convection zone as both one-dimensional, then more realistically, two-dimensional.

First a Dirichlet problem on a semi-infinite strip is solved using conformal mapping and the method of images. The base of the strip represents the photosphere where a current distribution can be given as a boundary condition, and the strip extends …

Perceptual Cues And Subjective Organization In A Virtual Information Workspace, Todd M. Eischeid

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The key to effectively using the immense body of data on the Internet is an efficient method of organizing relevant information. Researchers and designers are beginning to promote the advantages of three-dimensional (3D) models of information storage and retrieval; however, the potential benefits of perceptual depth cues have not been systematically studied.

The present study used a computer task to examine the effectiveness of three types of virtual desktops. A two-dimensional (2D) virtual desktop display, lacking in the cues that give the illusion of depth, was compared to two different 3D virtual desktops, both of which used perceptual cues to …

Coastal Ocean Morphodynamics And The Resulting Erosion And Deposition: An Analytical Approach, Shejun Fan

OES Theses and Dissertations

Coastal ocean morphodynamics is the study of the morphological change of the coastal ocean system. Environmental conditions, such as climatic and geological controls, are exogenous inputs of the system, which are responsible for geographic variation among coastal oceans. In the coastal ocean system, coastal morphological changes are the results of a series of morphodynamical processes. In this treatise, quantitative, dynamical sedimentary models are developed to provide an analytical understanding of morphodynamical processes in coastal ocean environments. These dynamical sedimentary models numerically simulate the sedimentary processes over a range of time scales from an event time scale, based on the fundamental …

Measure Zero Sets With Non-Measurable Sum, Krzysztof Ciesielski

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

For any subset C of R there is a subset A of C such that A+A has inner measure zero and outer measure the same as C+C. Also, there is a subset A of the Cantor middle third set such that A+A is Bernstein in [0,2]. On the other hand there is a perfect set C such that C+C is an interval I and there is no subset A of C with A+A Bernstein in I.

Field Methodology For The Determination Of The Prevalence Of Giardia Cysts And Cryptosporidium Oocysts Drinking Water And Its Association To The Development Of Diarrheal Disease In The Transylvania Region Of Romania, Rick J. Bauer

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to analyze the drinking water of 69 individuals living in the Transylvania region of Romania for the presence of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts. The ultimate objective was to determine if a correlation exists between the presence and concentrations of these two protozoa and the reported frequency and average severity of diarrheal disease in the study group members.

To accomplish this goal, a collection, emulsion, concentration, labeling, and identification method had to be developed that could operate effectively in an international field setting. The protocol selected included the collection of samples using a compressed …

Effect Of Circular Motion Exercise On Bone Modeling And Bone Mass In Young Rats: An Animal Model Of Isometric Exercise, Jodi F. Evans Ph.D., J. K. Yeh, Q. Niu, J. Iwamoto, J. F. Aloia

Faculty Works: BCES (1999-2023)

The aims of the study are to develop a non-invasive animal model of circular motion exercise and to evaluate the effect of this type of exercise on bone turnover in young rats. The circular motion exercise simulates isometric exercise using an orbital shaker that oscillates at a frequency of 50 Hz and is capable of speeds from 0-400 rpm. A cage is fixed on top of the shaker and the animals are placed inside. When the shaker is turned on, the oscillatory movement should encourage the animals to hold on to the cage and use various muscle forces to stabilize …

A General Framework For Constructing And Analyzing Mixed Finite Volume Methods On Quadrilateral Grids: The Overlapping Covolume Case, So-Hsiang Chou, Do Y. Kwak, Kwang Y. Kim

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

We present a general framework for constructing and analyzing finite volume methods applied to the mixed formulation of second-order elliptic problems on quadrilateral grids. The control volumes, or covolumes, in the grids overlap. An overlapping finite volume method of this type was first introduced by Russell in [T. F. Russell, Tech. report 3, Reservoir Simulation Research Corp., Tulsa, OK, 1995] and was tested for a variety of problems on rectangular and quadrilateral grids in [Z. Cai et al., Comput Geosci., 1 (1997), pp. 289–315]. Later in [S. H. Chou and D. Y. Kwak, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 37 (2000), pp. …

The Impact Of Fine Sediment On Stream Macroinvertebrates In Urban And Rural Oregon Streams, Raymond S. Hoy

Dissertations and Theses

Urbanization, often characterized by high impervious surface area, can result in excessive inputs of fine sediments into urban streams. Excessive fine sediments can blanket the stream bed filling the interstitial space in the substratum, which may have adverse effects on stream biota. A field survey was conducted in Oregon urban and non-urban basins to investigate the relationship between fine sediments and stream macroinvertebrates. Physical, chemical, and biological data were collected from 59 stream sites in two urban and two rural streams. The stream sites fulfilled a continuous sediment gradient, which ranged from a low of 2% of fine sediment in …

A 4-Dimensional 1-Lcc Shrinking Theorem, Mladen Bestvina, Robert J. Daverman, Gerard A. Venema

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

This paper contains several shrinking theorems for decompositions of 4-dimensional manifolds. Let f : M → X be a closed, cell-like mapping of a 4-manifold M onto a metric space X and let Y be a closed subset of X such that X - Y is a 4-manifold and Y is locally simply co-connected in X. The main result states that f can be approximated by homeomorphisms if Y is a 1-dimensional ANR. The techniques of the proof also show that f can be approximated by homeomorphisms in case Y is an arbitrary 0-dimensional closed subset. Combining the two results …

Comparing Classical And Quantum Dynamics Of Strong-Field Double Ionization, R. Panfili, J. H. Eberly, Stanley L. Haan

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

We compare quantum mechanical and fully classical treatments of electron dynamics accompanying strong field double ionization. The major features seen in quantum mechanical simulations, including the double-ionization jets, are reproduced when using a classical ensemble of two-particle trajectories.

Flow Through Well Screens As A Function Of Pump Intake Location, Kristjan F. Bekker

Theses and Dissertations

Greater well efficiency and lower production costs may result from a knowledge of water flow through well screens. Current practice generally locates the intake of a pump in the cased section of the well above the screen. This work shows that placing the pump within the screen will increase well efficiency and therefore lower energy cost. This work also shows a correlation of increased well efficiency with respect to larger sand size, larger screen slot size, and lower flow rates.

A semicircular model based on the radial symmetry of a well and screen was used to simulate water flow from …

Karst Genetic Model For The French Bay Breccia Deposits, San Salvador, Bahamas, Lee J. Florea, John Mylroie, Jim Carew

Earth, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Riparian Forest Buffer Restoration Targeting For The Rappahannock River Watershed, Anne Newsome, Carl Hershner, Dan Schatt, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Wetlands Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

Summary Tables: Richmond County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

The Shoreline Inventory Summary Tables quantify observed conditions based on river systems, such as the combined length of linear features (e.g. shoreline miles surveyed, miles of bulkhead and revetment), the total number of point features (e.g. docks, boathouses, boat ramps) & total acres of polygon features (tidal marshes).

Does Sei Level 5 Lead To High Quality Software, Robert Yacobellis

Robert H Yacobellis

No abstract provided.

High Temperature Combustion Of Pyrolyzed Char Containing Calcium Sulfide, A. Sheth, Samuel Morton

Samuel A Morton

No abstract provided.