Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Ocean Zoning For The Gulf Of Maine: A Background Paper, Fara Courtney, Jack Wiggin

Urban Harbors Institute Publications

Coastal and ocean management is a constantly evolving practice. For at least two decades, coastal communities around the world have been experimenting with new ways to control a multitude of activities in their urban and rural harbors. The number and diversity of Marine Protected Areas are growing, with an increasing focus on protecting integrated biological communities, rather than individual species of concern. The United States and Canada are each developing new, comprehensive ocean polices, looking to better integrate management functions at all levels of government.

All of these initiatives – from local to national - reflect some common truths about …

Analysis Of Doppler-Broadened X-Ray Emission Line Profiles From Hot Stars, David H. Cohen, Roban Hultman Kramer , '03, S. P. Owocki

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We show how X-ray emission arising within an accelerating, expanding medium that also contains a source of continuum absorption generates line profiles of a characteristic shape. A simple, spherical wind model based on this picture provides good fits to the Chandra HETGS spectrum of the prototypical O star, Zeta Pup. We discuss the model, the fitting procedure and the determination of confidence limits on the model parameters, and our initial results for this star. The derived fit parameters are consistent with a generic wind-shock scenario for Zeta Pup, but there are several surprising aspects of the results, including a lower-than-expected …

Electronic Structure Of Thallium Filled Skutterudites Studied By X-Ray Absorption And Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Gary J. Long, Bernard M. Mahieu, Brian C. Sales, Raphäel P. Hermann, Fernande Grandjean

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The electronic structure of the three sites in the thallium filled skutterudites was studied. Two series of thallium filled skutterudites were formed because thallium has a formal valence of +1 and iron or tin must replace some of the cobalt or antimony respectively, to maintain charge neutrality. Large atomic mean-square displacements were observed for the thallium filling atoms and it helps to produce the large thermal resistivity observed for these skutterudites.

Evaluation Of Three Potential Methods For Preventing The Spread Of The Salmon Louse, Lepeophtheirus Salmonis (Kreyer, 1837), Micheal Pietrak

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lepeophtheirus salmonis or salmon lice infections are one of the most prevalent parasitic infections in the salmon aquaculture industry. Salmon lice cause an estimated loss of 3% of the production of Maine's salmon industry annually. Within the State of Maine only a portion of the farm sites experience salmon lice infections on an annual basis, while some sites have never had infections of Lepeophtheirus salmonis. Because of the potential impact that salmon lice infections could mean to those areas that to date have been fiee of L. salmonis infections, there has been concern both on the part of the State …

Detection And Generalization Of Spatio-Temporal Trajectories For Motion Imagery, Panayotis Partsinevelos

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In today's world of vast information availability users often confront large unorganized amounts of data with limited tools for managing them. Motion imagery datasets have become increasingly popular means for exposing and disseminating information. Commonly, moving objects are of primary interest in modeling such datasets. Users may require different levels of detail mainly for visualization and further processing purposes according to the application at hand. In this thesis we exploit the geometric attributes of objects for dataset summarization by using a series of image processing and neural network tools. In order to form data summaries we select representative time instances …

Evaluating Conflicts In The Use And Development Of Geographic Information Systems, Amber Bethell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Use of geographic information systems is increasing in governments, commercial companies, and by individual users. With such pervasive use of GIs there has been surprisingly little investigation of the values that various parties would support in the development of geographic technologies. There are many parties involved in the use of GIs each with opinions of what are good goals for developing and using such systems. This research seeks to determine differences and similarities among parties in the importance placed on supporting specific societal goals germane to the use of geographic technologies and databases. Previous research determined six areas where the …

Modeling Multiple Granularities Of Spatial Objects, Chitra Ramalingam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

People conceptualize objects in an information space over different levels of details or granularities and shift among these granularities as necessary for the task at hand. Shifting among granularities is fundamental for understanding and reasoning about an information space. In general, shifting to a coarser granularity can improve one's understanding of a complex information space, whereas shifting to a more detailed granularity reveals information that is otherwise unknown. To arrive at a coarser granularity. objects must be generalized. There are multiple ways to perform generalization. Several generalization methods have been adopted from the abstraction processes that are intuitively carried out …

Formation And Age Of Raised Marine Beaches, Northern Scott Coast, Antarctica, Nathan Gardner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The stability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is a key problem because of its potential effect on global sea level and climate. Some geologic evidence suggests that the ice sheet has collapsed in the past, which, if correct, implies that future disintegration is possible. Isolation of the mechanism(s) that have affected WAIS behavior since the last glacial maximum (LGM) may yield information about factors that control it today. Previous studies have indicated thatrecession of the WAIS from the LGM position occurred in the middle to late Holocene. However, the data come fiom points too far south to assess …

Representational Analyses Of Conservation Lands In Maine, Stephanie Orndorff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The three studies reported here (i.e., statewide, southern Maine, and state and federal wildlife areas) identify what areas should be conserved to represent the natural diversity of Maine. Geographic Information System (GIs) technology was used to conduct the analyses comparing the distribution of abiotic and biotic variables representing natural diversity on and off conservation lands. In the statewide analysis, 10 environmental variables were compared on and off conservation lands using ArcGrid with a cell resolution of 1.86 x 1.86 km. The areas found to contain variables that were underrepresented were. combined to identify and map regions with under-represented characteristics. The …

Immobilization Of Fission Iodine By Reaction With A Fullerene Containing Carbon Compound And Insoluble Natural Organic Matrix: Quarterly Report September-December 2002, Spencer M. Steinberg

Separations Campaign (TRP)

The recovery of iodine released during the processing of used nuclear fuel poses a significant challenge to the transmutation of radioactive iodine. This proposal will develop and examine the use of Fullerene Containing Carbon (FCC) compounds as potential sorbents for iodine release from the reprocessing of nuclear fuel. This work will also include the development of bench-scale testing capabilities at UNLV to allow the testing of the FCC material in a simulated process off-gas environment. This experimental capability will also be used to test other potential sorbtion materials and processes, such as natural organic matter (NOM) and other promising alternatives. …

Slow Convergence Of The Born Approximation For Electron-Atom Ionization, Stephenie J. Jones, Don H. Madison

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

It is usually assumed that the first-Born approximation for electron-atom ionization becomes valid for the fully differential cross section at sufficiently high impact energies, at least for asymmetric collisions where the projectile suffers only a small energy loss and is scattered by a small angle. Here we investigate this assumption quantitatively for ionization of hydrogen atoms. We find that convergence of the Born approximation to the correct nonrelativistic result is generally achieved only at energies where relativistic effects start to become important. Consequently, the assumption that the Born approximation becomes valid for high energy is inaccurate, since by the time …

Poiseuille Advection Of Chemical Reaction Fronts: Eikonal Approximation, R. S. Spangler, Boyd F. Edwards, J. Chem

All Physics Faculty Publications

An eikonal equation including fluid advection is derived from the cubic reaction-diffusion-advection equation, and is used to investigate the speeds and shapes of chemical reaction fronts subject to Poiseuille flow between parallel plates. Although the eikonal equation is usually regarded as valid when the front thickness is small compared to the radius of curvature of the front and to the size of the system, it is also found to be valid when the reaction front is thick with respect to the gap width. This new regime of applicability of the eikonal equation is consistent with its derivation, which requires only …

Provenance Of Sand In Periglacial Sand Wedges And Sheet Sand, Northeastern Nebraska, Usa, William J. Wayne

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Sand-wedge polygons on upland surfaces beneath thin loess in northeastern Nebraska record existence of permafrost around the margin of the Wisconsinan glacier at its maximum advance. Strong unidirectional wind not only kept the upland surfaces free of snow, allowing frost to penetrate deeply and thermal contraction cracks to develop, but also dessicated the surface material so that frost action and sublimation of pore ice could loosen surface material. The strong NW-SE winds deflated soils from upland surfaces, made ventifacts of the cobbles in the lag that remained and created fields of yardangs oriented NW-SE. Sand derived from the soils and …

Properties Of Hadronic Final States In Diffractive Deep Inelastic Ep Scattering At Desy Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, A. Pellegrino, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Levi, A. Margotti, T. Massam, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

Characteristics of the hadronic final state of diffractive deep inelastic scattering events ep→eXp were studied in the kinematic range 4X35GeV, 4

Coordinated Target Assignment And Intercept For Unmanned Air Vehicles, Erik P. Anderson, Randal W. Beard, Michael A. Goodrich, Timothy W. Mclain

Faculty Publications

This paper presents an end-to-end solution to the cooperative control problem represented by the scenario where unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) are assigned to transition through known target locations in the presence of dynamic threats. The problem is decomposed into the subproblems of: 1) cooperative target assignment; 2) coordinated UAV intercept; 3) path planning; 4) feasible trajectory generation; and 5) asymptotic trajectory following. The design technique is based on a hierarchical approach to coordinated control. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.

Assessment Of Groundwater Resources In Selected Areas Of Al Ain In The U.A.E., Fatma Abdullatif Al Shahi

Theses

The sustainable development of any region depends on the availability of water resources. In arid and semi-arid regions, the shortage in freshwater resources constitutes the major constraint against the expansion in agricultural and industrial activities. Therefore, every possible effort should be made to assess, develop and sustain the limited freshwater water resource in such regions.

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is located in an arid region, where the climate is harsh and the renewable freshwater resources are very limited. Despite the severe shortage in water resources, water is misused and sometimes wasted. The per capita daily consumption in the UAE …

2p Or Not 2p:The 14o(Α,2p) 16o Reaction Rate And Its Implications On Nova And X-Ray Burst Nucleosynthesis, Luc L. Dessieux, Jr.

Masters Theses

During explosive hydrogen burning, the catalytic CNO cycle suffers depletion by additional thermonuclear capture reactions on the members of the cycle. This "break out" from the β-limited CNO cycle has been suggested to occur in novae and X-ray bursts for temperatures greater than 0.4 GK [3,26,28]. At these temperatures α captures can occur on the CNO waiting point isotopes through the nuclear reactions

¹⁴O(α,p) ¹⁷F, ¹⁵O(α,γ) ¹⁹Ne, and ¹⁸Ne(α,γ) ²¹Na [3]. An additional reaction, ¹⁴O(α,2p)¹⁶O has been suggested as a possible break out path from the CNO cycle [49]. To investigate …

Neural Supernets: Structuring Artificial Neural Networks According To Cluster Analysis, Simon Lucas Winberg

Masters Theses

A typical feed forward neural network relies solely on its training algorithm, such as backprop or quickprop, to determine suitable weight values for an architecture chosen by the human operator. The architecture itself is typically a fully connected structuring of neurons and synapses where each hidden neuron is connected to every neuron in the next layer. Such architecture does not reflect the structure of the data used to train it. Similarly, in the case where random initial weight values are used, these initial weights are also unlikely to relate to the training set. Thus the job of the training algorithm …

Implementationof Monte Carlo And Numerical Integration Techniques Within An Online Physics Laboratory Environment, Malachi Schram

Masters Theses

A robust and sophisticated online physics laboratory environment has been developed. This environment can handle large data sets and generate realistic experimental results by applying Monte Carlo and numerical integration techniques. The advantages and limitations of both the Flash 5 and Java development environments were explored. Java was chosen for it’s ability to handle large data sets and consequently used to create the Java Laboratory (JLab) environment. Within the online environment two JLabs were created, the ”Online Virtual Nuclear Decay Laboratory” and the ”Online Virtual Stern-Gerlach Laboratory”. These laboratories teach students how to manipulate experimental parameters, take data, and use …

Directed Ortho-Metalation Of Dimethylarylamines, Michael Timmons

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Site-specific product(s) from the reaction of benzene derivatives with various reagents is a need of researchers at numerous laboratories, particularly those in the pharmaceutical industry. Such derivatives can be synthesized directly, i.e., by substitution of a proton, using either of two procedures: electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) or directed ortho-metalation (DoM). Directed ortho-metalation (DoM) is an alternative aromatic substitution process initiated by organolithium reagents which provides regiospecific substitution exclusively at the ortho- position (equation). The focus of this study is to find hydrocarbon media that will permit the maximum extent of metalation of several dimethylarylamines. The dimethylamine-containing substituents constitute directing metalation …

Flat-State Connectivity Of Linkages Under Dihedral Motions, Greg Aloupis, Erik D. Demaine, Vida Dujmović, Jeff Erickson, Stefan Langerman, Henk Meijer, Joseph O'Rourke, Mark Overmars, Michael Soss, Ileana Streinu, Godfried T. Toussaint

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

We explore which classes of linkages have the property that each pair of their flat states - that is, their embeddings in ℝ2 without self-intersection - can be connected by a continuous dihedral motion that avoids self-intersection throughout. Dihedral motions preserve all angles between pairs of incident edges, which is most natural for protein models. Our positive results include proofs that open chains with nonacute angles are flat-state connected, as are closed orthogonal unit-length chains. Among our negative results is an example of an orthogonal graph linkage that is flat-state disconnected. Several additional results are obtained for other restrictedclasses of …

Superconvergent Perturbation Theory For An Anharmonic Oscillator, Gregory S. Tschumper, Mark R. Hoffmann

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A computationally facile super convergent perturbation theory for the energies and wavefunctions of the bound states of one-dimensional anharmonic oscillators is suggested. The proposed approach uses a Kolmogorov repartitioning of the Hamiltonian with perturbative order. The unperturbed and perturbed parts of the Hamiltonian are defined in terms of projections in Hilbert space, which allows for zero-order wavefunctions that are linear combinations of basic functions. The method is demonstrated on quartic anharmonic oscillators using a basis of generalized coherent states and, in contrast to usual perturbation theories, converges absolutely. Moreover, the method is shown to converge for excited states, and it …

A New Apex Predator In The Gulf Of Maine? Large, Mobile Crabs (Cancer Borealis) Control Benthic Community Structure, Amanda V. Leland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Apex predators can control community structure by preying on strongly interacting species at lower trophic levels. Fishing of apex predators in the marine realm often results in herbivore dominated systems. In the Gulf of Maine, coastal subtidal communities became dominated by grazing green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droehachiensis) following the extirpation of large, predatory groundfish from coastal zones. Subsequent depletion of sea urchins since the late 1980s functionally eliminated this dominant herbivore from vast regions. Sea urchin recruitment is low or nonexistent in communities dominated by fleshy algae that have developed since the decline of sea urchin populations. We hypothesized that …

Modeling The Role Of No-Take Marine Reserves In Fisheries Management, Deidre F. Gilbert

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years there has been increasing interest in the potential of no-take marine reserves to benefit fisheries management. Scientific reviews have shown that reserves often lead to substantial increases in the density, biomass, size and diversity of marine fishes inside their boundaries. However, little empirical work has been done to determine the effect of reserves on the fisheries outside their boundaries, such as potential changes in yield, size of fleet, or variability in catch. In order to explore the interaction between the biological growth and dispersion processes of the harvested stock and the changing economic incentives of harvesters created …

Biogeochemical Fate Of Sediment-Associated Pah: Effect Of Animal Processing, Anders Michael Bernth Giessing

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Biotransformation and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine invertebrates and sediment have been studied. Invertebrates can accumulate and metabolize sediment-associated PAHs to polar and aqueous PAH-derived compounds. The objectives of this study are to identify metabolites of PAHs in species of depositfeeding polychaetes and to examine biogeochemical fate and microbial degradation of the identified metabolites. Two metabolites, 1-hydroxypyrene and 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide, were identified as the primary phase I and phase II metabolites of the tetracyclic PAH pyrene in Nereis diversicolor. Identification was performed using high pressure liquid chromatography with diode array and fluorescence detection (HPLC/DAD/F) and an ion-trap …

Systematics Of The Cumacea (Crustacea), Pilar A. Haye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cumaceans are small benthic crustaceans. They have a marine cosmopolitan distribution with diversity increasing with depth. There are approximately 1,400 described species of cumaceans. Despite the fact that they offer a good model for the study of morphological evolution and biogeography, the studies on the Order Cumacea are almost restricted to work at the alpha taxonomy level. This thesis contributes to the systematics of Cumacea. The phylogenetic relationships within the Cumacea were studied using newly obtained partial amino acid sequences from the mitochondria1 gene Cytochrome Oxidase I. Among other findings, phylogenetic analyses revealed that the families Bodotriidae, Leuconidae, and Nannastacidae, …

The John Muir Newsletter, Winter 2002/2003, The John Muir Center For Environmental Studies

Muir Center Newsletters (1981-2015)

University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA Volume 18, Number l Wri\ - 102/0.3 (6 Go TO theMountatns! " Helen Hunt Jackson bv Bonnie Johanna Gisel • I—4 elen Hunt Jackson, poet, author oiA Century of JL -L. Dishonor: A Sketch of the United States Government's Dealings with Some of the Indian Tribes (1881) and Ramona: A Story (1884), and Special Commissioner to the "Mission Indians" of southern California (1883), wrote to her friend Jeanne C. Carr and to John Muir in 1885. She was seeking a place in the mountains of California where she could rest and recover from an …

Martian Xenon Components In Basaltic Shergottite Meteorites, Katherine Delene Ocker Stone

Doctoral Dissertations

Analyses of Chassigny, Nakhla, and ALH84001 reveal, in addition to a Xe component from the martian atmosphere, a second component loosely attributed to the martian "interior." This appears to be a mixture of solar- and fission- (²⁴⁴Pu) derived xenon components. The proportions are consistent in each meteorite but vary from meteorite to meteorite. The working hypothesis is that this variation reflects different contributions of solar (mantle-derived) and fission (crustal-derived) xenon to each parent melt.

This study focused on mineral separates from two basaltic shergottites, Shergotty and EETA79001 Lithology-B (EETA), chosen to reflect, as far as possible, the extremes …

Introduction To Special Issue On Radiation Effects, P. Andrew Karam

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

[Excerpt] "How dangerous is radiation? How much radiation does it take to give us cancer? Are we wasting money on overly restrictive regulations, or are we not being sufficiently protective of our radiation workers and the public? How much clean-up is necessary on our Department of Energy facilities? What about Yucca Mountain and nuclear reactor plants – can they be made safe?

These are only a few of the questions that have been asked, and will continue to be asked, about radiation. Unfortunately, these all come down, in part or in whole, to the question “What is the shape of …

Effects Of The Shape Of The Radiation Dose-Response Curve On Public Acceptance Of Radiation And Nuclear Energy, Audeen W. Fentiman

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

[Excerpt] “The public generally accepts the premise that exposure to radiation can have an undesirable effect. Furthermore, it believes that as the radiation dose increases, the magnitude of the effect will increase. On the other hand, while the background radiation dose varies from a few hundred millirem/year (a few millisieverts/yr) in some places to a few thousand millirem/yr (tens of millisieverts/yr) in others, researchers have been unable to find a correlation between the level of background radiation and incidence of cancer or other maladies attributable to radiation.

…

Because there is considerable controversy about the relationship between radiation dose and …