Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Ontological Approaches For Semantic Interoperability, Michael A. Zang, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

This paper provides a basic description of the concept of an ontology. It then describes how ontologies are structured and employed in the context of interfaces between software based information systems. This usage is discussed in the context of three successive levels of semantic interoperability between two example systems. The paper goes on to suggest that the interfaces between information systems should perhaps be viewed and implemented as systems themselves. The paper concludes by providing a brief summary of what was discussed.

Constraining The Evolution Of Zz Ceti, Anjum S. Mukadam, Matt A. Wood, Nicole M. Silvestri

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

We report our analysis of the stability of pulsation periods in the DAV star (pulsating hydrogen atmosphere white dwarf) ZZ Ceti, also called R548. On the basis of observations that span 31 years, we conclude that the period 213. 13 s observed in ZZ Ceti drifts at a rate dP/dt ≤ (5.5 ± 1.9) × 10ˉ¹⁵ s sˉ¹, after correcting for proper motion. Our results are consistent with previous Ṗ values for this mode and an improvement over them because of the larger time base. The characteristic stability timescale implied for the pulsation period is | Ṗ / |≥ 1.2 …

Constraining The Evolution Of Zz Ceti, Anjum S. Mukadam, S. O. Kepler, D. E. Nather, M. Kilic, F. Mullally, T. Von Hippel, S. J. Kleinman, A. Nitta, J. A. Guzik, P. A. Bradley, J. Matthews, K. Sekiguchi, D. J. Sullivan, T. Sullivan, R. R. Shobbrook, P. Birch, X. J. Jiang, D. W. Xu, S. Joshi, B. N. Ashoka, P. Ibbetson, E. Leibowitz, E. O. Ofek, E. G. Meištas, R. Janulis, R. D. Ališauskas, R. Kalytis, G. Handler, D. Kilkenny, D. O'Donoghue, D. W. Kurtz, M. Müller, P. Moskalik, W. Ogloza, S. Zola, J. Krzesiński, F. Johnannessen, J. M. Gonzalez-Perez, J. E. Solheim, R. Silvotti, S. Bernabei, G. Vauclair, N. Dolez, J. N. Fu, M. Chevreton, M. Manteiga, O. Suárez, A. Ulla, M. S. Cunha, T. S. Metcalfe, A. Kanaan, L. Fraga, A. F. M. Costa, O. Giovannini, G. Fontaine, P. Bergeron, M. S. O'Brien, D. Sanwal, M. A. Wood, T. J. Ahrens, N. Silvestri, E. W. Klumpe, S. D. Kawaler, R. Riddle, M. D. Reed, T. K. Watson

Publications

We report our analysis of the stability of pulsation periods in the DAV star (pulsating hydrogen atmosphere white dwarf) ZZ Ceti, also called R548. On the basis of observations that span 31 years, we conclude that the period 213.13 s observed in ZZ Ceti drifts at a rate dP/dt ≤ (5:5 ± 1:9) x 10^-15 s s^-1, after correcting for proper motion. Our results are consistent with previous Ṗ values for this mode and an improvement over them because of the larger time base. The characteristic stability timescale implied for the pulsation period is …

Late Quaternary Lake-Level Changes Constrained By Radiocarbon And Stable Isotope Studies On Sediment Cores From Lake Titicaca, South America, Harold D. Rowe, Thomas P. Guilderson, Robert B. Dunbar, John R. Southon, Geoffrey O. Seltzer, David A. Mucciarone, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Paul A. Baker

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

We present and compare AMS-¹⁴C geochronologies for sediment cores recovered from Lake Titicaca, South America. Radiocarbon dates from three core sites constrain the timing of late Quaternary paleoenvironmental changes in the Central Andes and highlight the site-specific factors that limit the radiocarbon geochronometer. With the exception of mid-Holocene sediments, all cores are generally devoid of macrophyte fragments, thus bulk organic fractions are used to build core chronologies. Comparisons of radiocarbon results for chemically defined fractions (bulk decalcified, humate, humin) suggest that ages derived from all fractions are generally coherent in the post-13,500 yr BP time interval. In the …

Stabilization Of Extra Dimensions At Tree Level, Scott Watson, Robert H. Brandenberger

Physics - All Scholarship

By considering the effects of string winding and momentum modes on a time dependent background, we find a method by which six compact dimensions become stabilized naturally at the self-dual radius while three dimensions grow large.

A Varying-Coefficient Cox Model For The Effect Of Age At A Marker Event On Age At Menopause, Bin Nan, Xihong Lin, Lynda D. Lisabeth, Sioban D. Harlow

The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

. It is of recent interest in reproductive health research to investigate the validity of a marker event for the onset of menopausal transition and to estimate age at menopause using age at the marker event. We propose a varying coefficient Cox model to investigate the association between age at a marker event, denned as a specific bleeding pattern change, and age at menopause, where both events are subject to censoring and their association varies with age at the marker event. Estimation proceeds using the regression spline method. The proposed method is applied to the Tremin Trust Data to evaluate …

Seismcity In The Vicinity Of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, For The Period October 1, 2000 To September 30, 2001, David H. Von Seggern, Kenneth Smith, James N. Brune, Richard Quittmeyer, Amy J. Smiecinski

Publications (YM)

Starting on October 1, 1995, the monitoring of seismicity within the southern Great Basin near Yucca Mountain was performed with a new digital network. This network features three-component recording with 24-bit A/D conversion in the field. Continuous data are collected at 20 sps, and event triggered windows are collected at 100 sps. A seismic bulletin of events is made by automatically associating triggers among stations, classifying the local earthquake events, and locating the earthquakes and computing their magnitudes with conventional methods. This report covers the operational and seismic results of the sixth full year (FY01) of the improved, digitally based, …

Nanocomposite (Nd,Dy)(Fe,Co,Nb,B) 5.5/Α-Fe Multilayer Magnets With High Performance, W. Liu, Z.D. Zhang, J. Ping Liu

David Sellmyer Publications

The structural and magnetic properties of rare-earth nanocomposite magnets of a (Nd,Dy)(Fe,Co,Nb,B) _5.5 single layer and a (Nd,Dy)(Fe,Co,Nb,B) _5.5/α-Fe multilayer prepared by sputtering and heat treatment have been investigated. Incomplete exchange coupling behaviour is observed in the Ti-buffered NdDyFeCoNbB + 40 wt%Fe single layer magnet. After annealing, the laminated nanostructure consisting of mutually dispersed soft and hard phases results in remanence enhancement. The optimum magnetic properties of J_r= 1.11 T, μ_0i H_c = 0.88 T and (BH)max = 192 kJ m^-3 are achieved in the multilayer magnet annealed at 550°C for 30 min. …

A Stochastic Sediment Delivery Model For A Steep Mediterranean Landscape, Emmanuel Gabet, Thomas Dunne

Faculty Publications

It is a truism in geomorphology that climatic events operate on a landscape to drive sediment transport processes, yet few investigations have formally linked climate and terrain characteristics with geomorphological processes. In this study, we incorporate sediment transport equations derived from fieldwork into a computer model that predicts the delivery of sediment from hillslopes in a steep Mediterranean landscape near Santa Barbara, California. The sediment transport equations are driven by rainstorms and fires that are stochastically generated from probability distributions. The model is used to compare the rates and processes of sediment delivery under two vegetation types: coastal sage scrub …

Index Selection For Embedded Control Applications Using Description Logics, Lubomir Stanchev, Grant Weddell

Computer Science and Software Engineering

We consider the problem of automated index selection for embedded control programs (ECPs). Such systems have the property that the transaction types, which can consist of queries and updates, are predefined and can be classified as either critical or non-critical. In this paper, we focus on the critical part of the transaction workload for ECPs. More precisely, our problem input consists of a set of critical transaction types and a database schema. The goal is to find a minimum number of extended indices that enable every critical operation to be performed efficiently. The proposed solution is novel in that it …

Analysis Of Resonance Structure In The Above-Threshold Ionization Photoelectron Spectra Of Magnesium, Glen D. Gillen, L D. Van Woerkom

Physics

Using high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy and 120-fs, 800-nm Ti:sapphire laser pulses, we observe and analyze intensity-dependent resonant population of specific intermediate excited states of neutral magnesium atoms and their subsequent photoionization in the laser field. Various participating states are identified using angular-momentum selection rules, partial yields, and angular distributions. Several unexpected results are observed and discussed, including peaks that do not correspond to expected resonant processes, and order-to-order variations in the photoelectron spectra.

Driven Depinning Of Strongly Disordered Media And Anisotropic Mean-Field Limits, M. Christina Marchetti, A. Alan Middleton, Karl Saunders, J. M. Schwarz

Physics

Extended systems driven through strong disorder are modeled generically using coarse-grained degrees of freedom that interact elastically in the directions parallel to the drive and slip along at least one of the directions transverse to the motion. In the limit of infinite-range elastic and viscous coupling this model has a tricritical point separating a region where the depinning is continuous, in the universality class of elastic depinning, from a region where depinning is hysteretic. Many of the collective transport models discussed in the literature are special cases of the generic model.

Scale Invariance Without Inflation?, Christian Armendariz-Picon, Eugene A. Lim

Physics - All Scholarship

We propose a new alternative mechanism to seed a scale invariant spectrum of primordial density perturbations that does not rely on inflation. In our scenario, a perfect fluid dominates the early stages of an expanding, non-inflating universe. Because the speed of sound of the fluid decays, perturbations are left frozen behind the sound horizon, with a spectral index that depends on the fluid equation of state. We explore here a toy model that realizes this idea. Although the model can explain an adiabatic, Gaussian, scale invariant spectrum of primordial perturbations, it turns out that in its simplest form it cannot …

Distributions Of Trace Gases And Aerosols During The Dry Biomass Burning Season In Southern Africa, Parikhit Sinha, Peter V. Hobbs, Robert J. Yokelson, Donald R. Blake, Song Gao, Thomas W. Kirschsetter

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

[1] Vertical profiles in the lower troposphere of temperature, relative humidity, sulfur dioxide (SO₂), ozone (O₃), condensation nuclei (CN), and carbon monoxide (CO), and horizontal distributions of twenty gaseous and particulate species, are presented for five regions of southern Africa during the dry biomass burning season of 2000. The regions are the semiarid savannas of northeast South Africa and northern Botswana, the savanna-forest mosaic of coastal Mozambique, the humid savanna of southern Zambia, and the desert of western Namibia. The highest average concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO₂), CO, methane (CH₄), O_{3 …}

Asymptotically Optimal Model Selection Method With Right Censored Outcomes, Sunduz Keles, Mark J. Van Der Laan, Sandrine Dudoit

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Over the last two decades, non-parametric and semi-parametric approaches that adapt well known techniques such as regression methods to the analysis of right censored data, e.g. right censored survival data, became popular in the statistics literature. However, the problem of choosing the best model (predictor) among a set of proposed models (predictors) in the right censored data setting have not gained much attention. In this paper, we develop a new cross-validation based model selection method to select among predictors of right censored outcomes such as survival times. The proposed method considers the risk of a given predictor based on the …

Pressure-Induced Insulating State In An Organic Superconductor, Gary L. Gard, Javid Mohtasham, J. A. Schlueter, C. Pfleiderer, J. Wosnitza, J. Hagel

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The electronic-transport properties of the quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductor β″–(BEDT-TTF)₂SF₅CH₂CF₂SO₃, where BEDT-TTF stands for bisethylenedithio-tetrathiafulvalene, have been investigated in magnetic fields up to 15 T and under hydrostatic pressure up to about 14 kbars. Shubnikov–de Haas data reveal a nonmonotonic pressure dependence of the holelike Fermi surface, a roughly linear increase of the electron g factor, and an approximately linear decrease of the cyclotron effective mass. By assuming that the latter reflects the pressure-induced reduction of the superconducting coupling parameter λ the rapid reduction of the superconducting transition temperature Tc(p) can be reasonably well described by the modified McMillan equation. Above …

High-Throughput 3d Homology Detection Via Nmr Resonance Assignment, Christopher James Langmead, Bruce Randall Donald

Computer Science Technical Reports

One goal of the structural genomics initiative is the identification of new protein folds. Sequence-based structural homology prediction methods are an important means for prioritizing unknown proteins for structure determination. However, an important challenge remains: two highly dissimilar sequences can have similar folds --- how can we detect this rapidly, in the context of structural genomics? High-throughput NMR experiments, coupled with novel algorithms for data analysis, can address this challenge. We report an automated procedure, called HD, for detecting 3D structural homologies from sparse, unassigned protein NMR data. Our method identifies 3D models in a protein structural database whose geometries …

An Improved Nuclear Vector Replacement Algorithm For Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Assignment, Christopher James Langmead, Bruce Randall Donald

Computer Science Technical Reports

We report an improvement to the Nuclear Vector Replacement (NVR) algorithm for high-throughput Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) resonance assignment. The new algorithm improves upon our earlier result in terms of accuracy and computational complexity. In particular, the new NVR algorithm assigns backbone resonances without error (100% accuracy) on the same test suite examined in [Langmead and Donald J. Biomol. NMR 2004], and runs in $O(n^{5/2} \log {(cn)})$ time where $n$ is the number of amino acids in the primary sequence of the protein, and $c$ is the maximum edge weight in an integer-weighted bipartite graph.

Tree-Based Multivariate Regression And Density Estimation With Right-Censored Data , Annette M. Molinaro, Sandrine Dudoit, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

We propose a unified strategy for estimator construction, selection, and performance assessment in the presence of censoring. This approach is entirely driven by the choice of a loss function for the full (uncensored) data structure and can be stated in terms of the following three main steps. (1) Define the parameter of interest as the minimizer of the expected loss, or risk, for a full data loss function chosen to represent the desired measure of performance. Map the full data loss function into an observed (censored) data loss function having the same expected value and leading to an efficient estimator …

Improving Requirements Tracing Via Information Retrieval, Jane Huffman Hayes, Alex Dekhtyar, James Osborne

Computer Science and Software Engineering

This paper presents an approach for improving requirements tracing based on framing it as an information retrieval (IR) problem. Specifically, we focus on improving recall and precision in order to reduce the number of missed traceability links as well as to reduce the number of irrelevant potential links that an analyst has to examine when performing requirements tracing. Several IR algorithms were adapted and implemented to address this problem. We evaluated our algorithms by comparing their results and performance to those of a senior analyst who traced manually as well as with an existing requirements tracing tool. Initial results suggest …

Detecting Patterns Of Fraudulent Behavior In Forensic Accounting, Boris Kovalerchuk, Evgenii Vityaev

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Often evidence from a single case does not reveal any suspicious patterns to aid investigations in forensic accounting and other forensic fields. In contrast, correlation of sets of evidence from several cases with suitable background knowledge may reveal suspicious patterns. Link Discovery (LD) has recently emerged as a promising new area for such tasks. Currently LD mostly relies on deterministic graphical techniques. Other relevant techniques are Bayesian probabilistic and causal networks. These techniques need further development to handle rare events. This paper combines first-order logic (FOL) and probabilistic semantic inference (PSI) to address this challenge. Previous research has shown this …

Successful Field Pea Harvesting, Glen Riethmuller, Ian Pritchard

Bulletins 4000 -

Many thousands of hectares of field peas are harvested trouble free each year. Growers experience together with recent machinery innovations and modifications have solved the majority of harvesting difficulties. Optimum harvesting conditions are in a crop of uniform density on a level soil surface with the machine either working into or across the direction that the crop has been laid by the wind.

To make harvest easier the receival standard for moisture in pulses has been lifted to 14 per cent, which allows harvest to begin sooner when the crop is the range of 14 to 15 per cent moisture. …

Optimization And Equilibrium Problems With Equilibrium Constraints, Boris S. Mordukhovich

Mathematics Research Reports

The paper concerns optimization and equilibrium problems with the so-called equilibrium constraints (MPEC and EPEC), which frequently appear in applications to operations research. These classes of problems can be naturally unified in the framework of multiobjective optimization with constraints governed by parametric variational systems (generalized equations, variational inequalities, complementarity problems, etc.). We focus on necessary conditions for optimal solutions to MPECs and EPECs under general assumptions in finite-dimensional spaces. Since such problems are intrinsically nonsmooth, we use advanced tools of generalized differentiation to study optimal solutions by methods of modern variational analysis. The general results obtained are concretized for special …

Wavelet-Based Nonparametric Modeling Of Hierarchical Functions In Colon Carcinogenesis., Jeffrey S. Morris, Marina Vannucci, Philip J. Brown, Raymond J. Carroll

Jeffrey S. Morris

In this article we develop new methods for analyzing the data from an experiment using rodent models to investigate the effect of type of dietary fat on O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), an important biomarker in early colon carcinogenesis. The data consist of observed profiles over a spatial variable contained within a two-stage hierarchy, a structure that we dub hierarchical functional data. We present a new method providing a unified framework for modeling these data, simultaneously yielding estimates and posterior samples for mean, individual, and subsample-level profiles, as well as covariance parameters at the various hierarchical levels. Our method is nonparametric in that …

Trajectories Of Health For Older Adults Over Time: Accounting Fully For Death, Paula Diehr

Paula Diehr

The process of healthy aging can best be described by plotting the trajectory of health-related variables over time. Unfortunately, graphs including data only from survivors may be misleading because they may confuse patterns of mortality with patterns of change in health. Two approaches for creating graphs that account for death in such situations are 1) to incorporate a category or value for death into the longitudinal health variable and 2) to measure time in years before death or some other event. The first approach has been applied to self-rated health (excellent to poor) and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). …

Elemental Fractionation In Small Solar Energetic Particle Events, Penny L. Slocum, Joseph R. Dwyer

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

Using the Solar Isotope Spectrometer on the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), we have measured the 11.0-21.8 MeV nucleon-1 heavy (Z ≥ 6) element abundances of 39 small solar energetic particle (SEP) events that occurred between 1998 April 3 and 2002 February 26. Using He isotope data from the UltraLow-Energy Isotope Spectrometer on ACE, we have classified the events according to their 0.5-2.0 MeV nucleonˉ¹ ³He/⁴He ratios. We find that their average heavy-element composition is similar to that of either large gradual events or ³He-rich events, depending on their ³He/⁴He ratio. As seen in recent studies of small SEP events, we …

Using Departmental Surveys To Assess Computing Culture: Quantifying Gender Differences In The Classroom, Lisa Meeden, Doug Blank, Deepak Kumar

Computer Science Faculty Research and Scholarship

Male and female students often hold different views of the culture within the same computer science department. These differences may, in part, account for why women are underrepresented in computer science. We found that surveying students about their views of our departments' environments was an important first step in evaluating the cultures of our own departments, in determining what issues needed to be addressed, and in determining how to address them. Our survey results revealed some problems in our classroom and lab environments, and showed that there are gender differences in students' perceptions of our departments. We describe a set …

The Probe, Issue 230 – September/October 2003

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

• Message From Outgoing President -- Mike Conover
• Message From Incoming President -- Art Smith
• Were the mythical vampires of Europe named after vampire bats?
• NADCA 2004 Election Results
• Human-Wildlife Conflicts in Mexico -- Andrea Thurlow, Berryman Institute, Utah State University
• A newly patented process could soon solve the problem of disposing of animal carcasses by turning them into a dust like material. Alberta's Biosphere Technologies received international patents for its BioRefinex process that breaks down organic material using water, high temperature and pressure.
• University of California's Hopland Research and Extension Center produced 1,220 …

Photodissociation Of The Od Radical At 226 And 243 Nm, Dragana C. Radenovic, Andre J.A. Van Roij, Dmitri A. Chestakov, Andre T.J.B. Eppink, J J. Ter Meulen, David H. Parker, Mark P.J. Van Der Loo, Gerrit G. Groenenboom, Margaret E. Greenslade, Marsha I. Lester

Chemistry

The photodissociation dynamics of state selected OD radicals has been examined at 243 and 226 nm using velocity map imaging to probe the angle–speed distributions of theD(²S) and O(³P₂) products. Both experiment and complementary first principle calculations demonstrate that photodissociation occurs by promotion of OD from high vibrational levels of the ground X ²Π state to the repulsive 1 ²Σ⁻ state.

Low-Energy Operators In Effective Theories, C Felline, Nirav P. Mehta, J Piekarewicz, James R. Shepard

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research

Modern effective-theory techniques are applied to the nuclear many-body problem. A novel approach is proposed for the renormalization of operators in a manner consistent with the construction of the effective potential. To test this approach, a one-dimensional, yet realistic, nucleon-nucleon potential is introduced. An effective potential is then constructed by tuning its parameters to reproduce the exact effective-range expansion and a variety of bare operators are renormalized in a fashion compatible with this construction. Predictions for the expectation values of these effective operators in the ground state reproduce the results of the exact theory with remarkable accuracy (at the 0.5% …