Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Early Quintessence In Light Of Thewilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, Robert R. Caldwell, Michael Doran, Christian M. Mller, Gregor Schfer, Christof Wetterich

Dartmouth Scholarship

We examine the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy for signatures of early quintessence dark energy—a nonnegligible quintessence energy density during the recombination and structure formation eras. Only very recently does the quintessence overtake the dark matter and push the expansion into overdrive. Because the presence of early quintessence exerts an influence on the clustering of dark matter and the baryon-photon fluid, we may expect to find trace signals in the CMB and the mass fluctuation power spectrum. In detail, we demonstrate that suppressed clustering power on small length scales, as suggested by the combined Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe/CMB/large-scale structure …

Exploring Links Between Physical And Probabilistic Models Of Volcanic Eruptions: The Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, Charles B. Connor, R. S. J. Sparks, R. M. Mason, Costanza Bonadonna, S. R. Young

Geology Faculty Publications

Probabilistic methods play an increasingly important role in volcanic hazards forecasts. Here we show that a probability distribution characterized by competing processes provides an excellent statistical fit (>99% confidence) to repose intervals between 75 vulcanian explosions of Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat in September–October, 1997. The excellent fit is explained by a physical model in which there are competing processes operating in the upper volcano conduit on different time scales: pressurization due to rheological stiffening and gas exsolution, and depressurization due to development of permeability and gas escape. Our experience with the Soufrière Hills Volcano eruption sequence suggests that volcanic …

On The Intrinsic Complexity Of Learning Recursive Functions, Sanjay Jain, Efim Kinber, Christophe Papazian, Carl Smith, Rolf Wiehagen

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

The intrinsic complexity of learning compares the difficulty of learning classes of objects by using some reducibility notion. For several types of learning recursive functions, both natural complete classes are exhibited and necessary and sufficient conditions for completeness are derived. Informally, a class is complete iff both its topological structure is highly complex while its algorithmic structure is easy. Some self-describing classes turn out to be complete. Furthermore, the structure of the intrinsic complexity is shown to be much richer than the structure of the mind change complexity can behave “orthogonally”.

Multienergetic External-Beam Pixe As A Means Of Stydying The Surface Enrichment Effect In Coins, Scott Evans Perry

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis paper examines the feasibility of using external-beam PIXE to study the surface enrichment effect in metal artifacts. By varying the energy of the incident proton beam, we penetrated the artifact's surface to different levels and were able to produce a depth profile of the elemental composition of the sample. In this study, the sample set we chose to examine consisted of ancient and modern coins. This paper first describes the surface enrichment effect and theoretically how PIXE can be used to study it. It then details the construction of the components of the external-beam setup. Many of the …

A Visual Framework Invites Human Into The Clustering Process, Keke Chen, Ling Liu

Kno.e.sis Publications

Clustering is a technique commonly used in scientific research. The task of clustering inevitably involves human participation - the clustering is not finished when the computer/algorithm finishes but the user has evaluated, understood and accepted the patterns. This defines a human involved "clustering-analysis/evaluation" iteration. Instead of neglecting this human involvement, we provide a visual framework (VISTA) with all power of algorithmic approaches (since their result can be visualized), and in addition we allow the user to steer/monitor/refine the clustering process with domain knowledge. The visual-rendering result also provides a precise pattern for fast post-processing.

"Attepe Demi̇r Yatağinda Jeotermometri̇k Ölçüm Çalişmalari" Makalesi̇ni̇n Eleşti̇ri̇si̇ne Cevap, Ali Rıza Çolakoğlu

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

No abstract provided.

Lethal Control Of Red-Winged Blackbirds To Manage Damage To Sunflower: An Economic Evaluation, Bradley F. Blackwell, Eric Huszar, George M. Linz, Richard A. Dolbeer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

In the northern Great Plains of the United States, conflicts between red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) growers have intensified since the late 1960s due to the expanded commercial production of sunflowers. We studied the potential population effects of the removal of up to 2 million red-winged blackbirds annually under a 5-year program of baiting during spring with DRC-1339 (3-choloro-4-methalalanine)-treated rice. We also examined whether lethal control, in combination with current levels of breeding-habitat management, would be cost-effective in decreasing depredation of sunflower crops during late summer. We evaluated the cost-benefit ratio for 4 …

"Attepe Demi̇r Yatağinda Jeotermometri̇k Ölçüm Çalişmalari" Makalesi̇ Üzeri̇ne Eleşti̇ri̇, Taner Ünlü

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

No abstract provided.

Paleographic Evolution Of The West Margin Of The Çankiri-Çorum Basin In Early-Middle Miocene, Levent Karadeni̇zli̇, Gürol Seyi̇toğlu, Gerçek Saraç, Nizamettin Kazanci, Şevket Şen, Yavuz Hakyemez, Didem Savaşçi

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

No abstract provided.

Tertiary Geology Of Gökçeada And Bozcaada (Çanakkale), Turkey, Yaşar Kesgi̇n, Baki Varol

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

No abstract provided.

Central Pseudorapidity Gaps In Events With A Leading Antiproton At The Fermilab Tevatron P̅P Collider, Darin Acosta, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We report a measurement of the fraction of events with a large pseudorapidity gap Δη within the pseudorapidity region available to the proton dissociation products X in p̅+p→p̅+X. For a final state p̅of fractional momentum loss ξ_p̅ and 4-momentum transfer squared t^p̅ within 0.06<ξ_p̅t^p̅|2 at √s=1800 [630] GeV, the fraction of events with Δη>3 is found to be 0.246±0.001 (stat)±0.042 (syst) [0.184±0.001 (stat)±0.043 (syst)]. Our results are compared with gap fractions measured in minimum bias p̅p collisions and with theoretical expectations.

A Debate Pelagic Paleocene Sequence In Biga Peninsula: Ballikaya (Balikkaya) Formation, Eşref Atabey, Kemal Erdoğan

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

No abstract provided.

So(2,1) Conformal Anomaly: Beyond Contact Interactions, Horacio E. Camblong

Physics and Astronomy

The existence of anomalous symmetry-breaking solutions of the SO(2,1) commutator algebra is explicitly extended beyond the case of scale-invariant contact interactions. In particular, the failure of the conservation laws of the dilation and special conformal charges is displayed for the two-dimensional inverse square potential. As a consequence, this anomaly appears to be a generic feature of conformal quantum mechanics and not merely an artifact of contact interactions. Moreover, a renormalization procedure traces the emergence of this conformal anomaly to the ultraviolet sector of the theory, within which lies the apparent singularity.

Experimental And Calculated Stark Widths Within The Kr I Spectrum, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Stevan Djenize, Milan S. Dimitrijevic

Articles

On the basis of the precisely recorded 20 neutral krypton (Kr I) line shapes (in the 5s−5p and 5s−6p transitions), we have obtained the basic plasma parameters, i.e., electron temperature (T) and electron density (N) using our line deconvolution procedure in a plasma created in a linear, low-pressure, pulsed arc discharge operated in krypton. The mentioned plasma parameters have also been measured using independent experimental diagnostics techniques. Agreement has been found among the two sets of the obtained parameters. This recommends our deconvolution procedure for plasma diagnostical purposes, especially in astrophysics where direct measurements of the …

The Paleogeographic And Paleoecologic Characteristics Of The Miocene Aged Molluscan Fauna In Antalya And Kasaba Basins (Westcentral Taurus, Sw Turkey), Yeşim İslamoğlu, Güler Taner

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

No abstract provided.

The Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 18, No. 2, Cumulative Index 1986-2002, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Virginia Wetlands Reports

• Killdeer: The Most Famous of Shorebirds. Pam Mason
• The Mid-Atlantic Wetlands Monitoring Work Group (MAWWG). Kirk Havens
• Web Page Panorama

Advice For The Secretary Of Agriculture About Management Of The Giant Sequoia National Monument, J. N. Clarke, D. M. Graber, K. M. Nissen, D. D. Piirto, N. L. Stephenson, D. R. Tormey, P. E. Waggoner

Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences

Landscapes held in public trust are difficult to manage; a living National Monument subject to increased public use presents additional challenges. These landscapes are subject to regional and global effects outside the manager's control, such as global climate change and air pollution. They are also subject to innumerable local variables, most of whose effects are difficult to predict. The giant sequoia groves and their surrounding ecosystem are fiercely loved by many; although the goals may be broadly similar, the objectives and policies of these giant sequoia lovers are often sharply at odds.

Killer Whale Predation On Belugas In Cook Inlet, Alaska: Implications For A Depleted Population, Kim Shelden, David J. Rugh, Barbara Mahoney, Marilyn Dahlheim

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Killer whale predation on belugas in Cook Inlet, Alaska, has become a concern since the decline of these belugas was documented during the 1990s. Accordingly, killer whale sightings were compiled from systematic surveys, observer databases, and anecdotal accounts. Killer whales have been relatively common in lower Cook Inlet (at least 100 sightings from 1975 to 2002), but in the upper Inlet, north of Kalgin Island, sightings were infrequent (18 in 27 yr), especially prior to the 1990s. Beach cast beluga carcasses with teeth marks and missing flesh also provided evidence of killer whale predation. Most observed killer whale/beluga interactions were …

3d User Interface For A File Management System, Luiz Fernando Capretz, David Carter

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Two-dimensional graphical user interface (GUI) is now firmly established as the preferred interface for most applications. The purpose of this work was to develop a three-dimensional user interface as a front end for a file management system and to evaluate the efficiency of a practical 3D application. In order to create this software, a previously defined 3D graphics engine, called Valve Software’s Half-Life, was extended to provide a directory traversal and the basic file management functions (cut, copy, paste, delete). The project was divided into two basic components: generating the 3D “world”, and altering the Half-Life engine to provide some …

Recent Ostracodes Of The Yumurtalik Gulf, Ümit Şafak

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

No abstract provided.

Plan Of Management For The Miaboolya Beach Fish Habitat Protection Area, Shane Alymore, Sarah Anderson

Fisheries management papers

The aim of this management plan is to protect and rehabilitate the aquatic habitat of Miaboolya Beach, the associated mangrove ecosystem, and involve the community in their management. By setting the area aside as a FHPA, the Department of Fisheries has established a framework to promote and actively conserve all the habitats within the Miaboolya system, as described in Section 3 of this document.

Rockport Municipal Harbor Plan: Issues, Goals And Policies, Rockport Harbor Planning Committee, Town Of Rockport, Massachusetts, Urban Harbors Institute, University Of Massachusetts Boston

Urban Harbors Institute Publications

This first phase of the plan for Rockport and its four (4) major harbor areas was developed to ensure growth, prosperity, and preservation of Rockport’s important resources through responsible and reasonable future use and management of the harbors and their shorelines.

The Plan has been prepared by the Town of Rockport to identify existing problems and to establish consensus about the character and quality of the harbors in the future. The Plan responds to a specific list of issues raised by the Harbor Planning Committee in a participatory planning process.

The Harbor Planning Committee is an ad hoc committee of …

High-Temperature Fiber Matrices: Electrospinning And Rare-Earth Modification, W. Kataphinan, R. Teye-Mensah, Edward A. Evans, R. D. Ramsier, D. H. Reneker, D. J. Smith

Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering Faculty Research

We demonstrate the production of nonwoven mats of high-temperature organic and inorganic fibers by electrospinning. Specifically, glass/ceramic (tetraethylorthosilicate-SiO) and fire-blanket (polydiphenoxyphosphazene-PDPP) precursors are electrospun, and the resulting fibers are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. We find that the SiO fibers are smaller in diameter and more uniform than the PDPP fibers, and stable to higher temperatures. We also coat these fiber systems with several rare-earth nitrates, and find that these coatings can be used to selectively modify the near-IR spectra of the fibers. This work extends the use of electrospinning into two new classes …

Nanoscale Oxidation Of Zirconium Surfaces: Kinetics And Mechanisms, N. Farkas, G. Zhang, Edward A. Evans, R. D. Ramsier, J. A. Dagata

Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering Faculty Research

We show that atomic force microscope-induced oxide features can be formed reproducibly on both Zr and ZrN surfaces, and that the growth rate decreases rapidly with increasing time. There is an increase in oxide-feature height with humidity for both systems, and an approximately linear dependence of the height of the structures on the applied voltage for all films for short exposure times. As the anodization time increases, only the thinnest (6 nm) films show a large enhancement in oxide-feature height, demonstrating the role of the film/substrate interface. Under the same conditions, the height of features grown on ZrN films is …

Global Patterns Of Dissolved N, P And Si In Large Rivers, R. Eugene Turner, Nancy N. Rabalais, D. Justic', Q. Dortch

Faculty Publications

The concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved nitrate-N, Total-N (TN), dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved silicate-Si (DSi) and their ratios in the world's largest rivers are examined using a global data base that includes 37% of the earth's watershed area and half its population. These data were compared to water quality in 42 subbasins of the relatively well-monitored Mississippi River basin (MRB) and of 82 small watersheds of the United States. The average total nitrogen concentration varies over three orders of magnitude among both world river watersheds and the MRB, and is primarily dependent on variations …

Young Conservationists And The Future Of Protected Areas Worldwide, Lisbet Kugler

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

A Call to Discussion at the Fifth World Parks Congress,Durban, South Africa, September 2003

Institutions And The Urban Environment In Developing Countries: Challenges, Trends, And Transitions, Carlos A. Linares

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

The paper discusses challenges, trends, and transitions in the urban environment field and offers an approach to meeting Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets in water supply and sanitation in urban areas. It updates the author’s 1994 publication Urban Environmental Challenges: New Directions for Technical Assistance to Cities inDeveloping Countries, published by the World Resources Institute. This paper begins by describing governance, decentralization, and privatization trends and drawing lessons from international development experiences in cities in developing countries. It argues that pervasive governance problems have led to environmental service deficits, particularly amongst the poor, who, at the same time, have demonstrated …

Natural Superconvergent Points Of Triangular Finite Elements, Zhimin Zhang, Runchang Lin

Mathematics Research Reports

In this work, we analytically identify natural superconvergent points of function values and gradients for triangular elements. Both the Poisson equation and the Laplace equation are discussed for polynomial finite element spaces (with degrees up to 8) under four different mesh patterns. Our results verify computer findings of [2], especially, we confirm that the computed data have 9 digits of accuracy with an exception of one pair (which has 8-7 digits of accuracy). In addition, we demonstrate that the function value superconvergent points predicted by the symmetry theory [14] are the only superconvergent points for the Poisson equation. Finally, we …

The Inelastic Maxwell Model, E. Ben-Naim, P.L. Krapivsky

Eli Ben-Naim

Dynamics of inelastic gases are studied within the framework of random collision processes. The corresponding Boltzmann equation with uniform collision rates is solved analytically for gases, impurities, and mixtures. Generally, the energy dissipation leads to a significant departure from the elastic case. Specifically, the velocity distributions have overpopulated high energy tails and different velocity components are correlated. In the freely cooling case, the velocity distribution develops an algebraic high-energy tail, with an exponent that depends sensitively on the dimension and the degree of dissipation. Moments of the velocity distribution exhibit multiscaling asymptotic behavior, and the autocorrelation function decays algebraically with …

Nonautonomous Difference Equations: Open Problems And Conjectures, Saber Elaydi

Mathematics Faculty Research

Autonomous difference equations of the form x_n+1 = ƒ (x_n) may model populations of species with nonoverlaping generations such as fish, orchard pests, etc. The drawback of such models is that they do not account for environmental fluctuations or seasonal changes. Hence we are led to nonautonomous difference equations of the form x_n+1 = ƒ (x_n), n ∈ Ζ⁺. Our main focus in this note will be on periodic difference equations in which the sequence ƒ_n is periodic. Most of the open problems and conjectures in this …