Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Cross-Validated Adaptive Epsilon-Net Estimator, Mark J. Van Der Laan, Sandrine Dudoit, Aad W. Van Der Vaart

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Suppose that we observe a sample of independent and identically distributed realizations of a random variable. Assume that the parameter of interest can be defined as the minimizer, over a suitably defined parameter space, of the expectation (with respect to the distribution of the random variable) of a particular (loss) function of a candidate parameter value and the random variable. Examples of commonly used loss functions are the squared error loss function in regression and the negative log-density loss function in density estimation. Minimizing the empirical risk (i.e., the empirical mean of the loss function) over the entire parameter space …

A Bayesian Chi-Squared Test For Goodness Of Fit, Valen Johnson

The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

This article describes an extension of classical x 2 goodness-of-fit tests to Bayesian model assessment. The extension, which essentially involvesevaluating Pearson's goodness-of-fit statistic at a parameter value drawn from its posterior distribution, has the important property that it is asymptoti-cally distributed as a x2 random variable on K-1 degrees of freedom, indepen-dently of the dimension of the underlying parameter vector. By averaging over the posterior distribution of this statistic, a global goodness-of-fit diagnostic is obtained. Advantages of this diagnostic{which may be interpreted as the area under an ROC curve{include ease of interpretation, computational conve-nience, and favorable power properties. The proposed …

Habitat Associations Of Gopher Tortoise Burrows On Industrial Timberlands, Jeanne C. Jones, Brian S. Dorr

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The western population of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) was listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1987 due to extensive population declines. Declines have been linked to site conversion of native pine (Pinus spp.) forests for urban development, agriculture, and commercial forest management. We conducted surveys to detect tortoise burrows on corporate timberlands in southern Mississippi and southwestern Alabama during summer 1994. We surveyed 2,759 0.5-ha strip transects on soil types of 9 different suitability categories for gopher tortoises. We found 460 active and 264 abandoned burrows on the 1,380 ha surveyed. Edaphic and …

Synthetic Image Generation Of Shallow Water Using An Iterative Layered Radiative Transfer Model With Realistic Water Surface Waves, Charles R. Bostater Jr., Lisa Huddleston, Luce Bassetti

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Modeled hyperspectral reflectance signatures just above the water surface are obtained from an analytical-based, iterative radiative transport model applicable to shallow water types. Light transport within the water body is simulated using a fast, accurate radiative transfer model that calculates the light distribution in any layered media. A realistic water surface is synthesized using empirically-based spectral models of the ocean surface to generate water surface waves. Images are displayed as 24 bit RGB images of the water surface using selected channels from a synthetic hyperspectral image cube. The selected channels are centered at 490, 530 and 676 nm. Hyperspectral image …

Data Assimilation Of Avhrr And Modis Data For Land Base Initialization And Boundary Conditions In The Utc-M Atmospheric Boundary Layer Sea-Breeze Model Of Space Coast Florida, Charles R. Bostater Jr., Jerome A. King, Lisa H. Huddleston, Luce Bassetti

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The purpose of this paper is to present results of simulations of the Florida Tech UTC-M sea-breeze model22 with the addition of a simplified atmospheric downwelling radiation subroutine1,4 combined and a thermal inertia subroutine17,19,20 into the atmospheric planetary boundary layer model, in order to calculate time dependant heat flux boundary conditions at the air-land boundary that are derived from satellite data from AVHRR and MODIS sensors. The improved UTC-M planetary boundary layer model with this thermal sub-model subroutine is used to demonstrate the use of thermal inertia to help estimate heat fluxes at the land-air interface which in turn influences …

Evaluating Location Predictors With Extensive Wi-Fi Mobility Data, Libo Song, David Kotz, Ravi Jain, Xiaoning He

Dartmouth Scholarship

Location is an important feature for many applications, and wireless networks can better serve their clients by anticipating client mobility. As a result, many location predictors have been proposed in the literature, though few have been evaluated with empirical evidence. This paper reports on the results of the first extensive empirical evaluation of location predictors, using a two-year trace of the mobility patterns of over 6,000 users on Dartmouth's campus-wide Wi-Fi wireless network. \par We implemented and compared the prediction accuracy of several location predictors drawn from two major families of domain-independent predictors, namely Markov-based and compression-based predictors. We found …

Collaborative Research: Southern Andes Paleoclimate; A Testof Abrupt Ocean-Atmosphere Reorganizations In Glacial Cycle, George Denton

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

In the late 1980s, Broecker and Denton prepared papers on the concept that glacial-to-interglacial transitions involved global reorganizations of the ocean-atmosphere system (Broecker, W. S. and Denton, G. H., 1989. The role of ocean-atmosphere reorganizations in glacial cycles. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53, 2465-2501; Broecker, W. S. and Denton, G. H., 1990, What drives glacial cycles? Sci. American, 262, 49-56). These reorganizations were thought to constitute jumps of Earth's climate systems between stable modes of operation, and they featured changes in the greenhouse-gas content or reflectivity of the atmosphere. In that concept, switches in thermohaline circulation, resulting from changes in …

Millenial-Scale Climatic Oscillations In New Zealand During The Last Glacial Cycle; Pep Iii Transect, George H. Denton

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

Millennial-Scale Climatic Oscillations in New Zealand During the Last Glacial Cycle: PEP III Transect Paleoclimate records from Greenland ice cores and North Atlantic sediments indicate that the glacial climate over the North Atlantic basin was punctuated with large and frequent abrupt climatic changes (Dansgaard-Oeschger and Henrich events). Because the events first appeared to have been regionally restricted, most explanations have invoked regional forcing mechanisms. But quite a different perspective would emerge if these events were shown to be of this global-scale. SGER award supports a reconnaissance study of the glacial and vegetative paleoclimate record of the massive morainal deposits of …

Computing Isotypic Projections With The Lanczos Iteration, David K. Maslen, Michael E. Orrison, Daniel N. Rockmore

Dartmouth Scholarship

When the isotypic subspaces of a representation are viewed as the eigenspaces of a symmetric linear transformation, isotypic projections may be achieved as eigenspace projections and computed using the Lanczos iteration. In this paper, we show how this approach gives rise to an efficient isotypic projection method for permutation representations of distance transitive graphs and the symmetric group.

Quasianalyticity And Pluripolarity, Dan Coman, Norman Levenberg, Evgeny A. Poletsky

Mathematics - All Scholarship

We show that the graph gamma f = {(z, f(z)) in C2 : z in S} in C2 of a function f on the unit circle S which is either continuous and quasianalytic in the sense of Bernstein or C1 and quasianalytic in the sense of Denjoy is pluripolar.

Smooth Submanifolds Intersecting Any Analytic Curve In A Discrete Set, Dan Coman, Norman Levenberg, Evgeny A. Poletsky

Mathematics - All Scholarship

We construct examples of C^inifinity smooth submanifolds in Cⁿ and Rⁿ of codimension 2 and 1, which intersect every complex, respectively real, analytic curve in a discrete set. The examples are realized either as compact tori or as properly imbedded Euclidean spaces, and are the graphs of quasianalytic functions. In the complex case, these submanifolds contain real n-dimensional tori or Euclidean spaces that are not pluripolar while the intersection with any complex analytic disk is polar.

Surface Photovoltage Effects On The Isomeric Semiconductors Of Boron-Carbide, A. N. Caruso, Snjezana Balaz, Bo Xu, Peter A. Dowben, A.S. Mcmullen-Gunn, Jennifer I. Brand, Yaroslav B. Losovyj, D.N. Mcilroy

Peter Dowben Publications

During exposure to synchrotron radiation, closo 1,7-dicarbadodecaborane (metacarborane) and closo 1,2-dicarbadodecaborane (orthocarborane) decompose, and are accompanied by increasingly evident photoemission surface photovoltage effects. We show that metacarborane and orthocarborane form self-doped n-type and p-type boron-carbides, respectively. Surface photovoltage effects dominate the photoemission final state, not the changes in electronic structure due to decomposition. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1648136]

Palm Fuel Dynamics In Fire-Sustained Pine Forests In The Florida Keys, Hillary Clare Cooley

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this study, the relationships between the time since last fire and the contributions of two palm species (Silverpalm, Coccothrinax argentata and Key Thatch Palm, Thrinax morrisii) to the burnable fuel load in the lower Florida Keys were examined. The population size distributions, effects of fire and plant size on mortality, annual growth rate, minimum reproductive size, and leaf moisture content of the palms were also determined.

Regression models were developed to estimate the live and attached dead burnable biomass for both palm species. Equations with crown area and number of leaves as independent variables best predicted the amount …

Coyotes In Yellowstone National Park: The Influence Of Dominance On Foraging, Territoriality, And Fitness, Eric M. Gese

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The coyote, is an opportunistic, generalist predator that has expanded its distribution to most of North America and is probably one of the most widely researched canids. Yet, its typically nocturnal, secretive behavior mean there have been only two studies-both in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming-based on direct observation of wild coyotes (Camenzind 1978b; Bekoff and Wells 1986). The coyote population in YNP has not been persecuted for several decades, and thus is tolerant of humans to an extent that has facilitated our studies of how coyotes deal with fluctuations in temperature, snow depth, snow-pack hardness, and food availability (e.g. …

Biology And Culture Of Channel Catfish, James F. Glahn, D. Tommy King

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A survey of catfish producers by the United States Department of Agriculture. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health (CEAH) in 1996 indicated that the two primary sources of catfish losses in commercial operations were disease (45%) and wildlife (37%) (CEAH 1997a) . A variety of avian and mammalian predators are attracted to aquaculture facilities in the United States (Parkhurst et a1 . 1992) because ponds and open raceways provide a constant and readily accessible food supply for these animals . However. the mere presence of these predators around aquaculture facilities does not necessarily mean that significant depredation problems are occurring …

Intersection Properties Of Balls In Banach Spaces And Related Topics., Sudipta Dutta Dr.

Doctoral Theses

In the first part of this chapter, we explain in general terms the background and the main theme of this thesis and provide a chapter-wise summary of its principal results. In the second part, we introduce some notations and preliminaries that will be used in the subsequent chapters.As a prototype of the properties we will study in this thesis, let us call a closed linear subspace Y of a Banach space X a (P)-subspace of X if Y has a certain property P as a subspace of X. If a Banach space X, in its canonical embedding, is a (P)-subspace …

Precipitation Monitoring At Yucca Mountain, Amanda Brandt, Klaus J. Stetzenbach, Drew Coleman, Donald H. Baepler, Amy J. Smiecinski

Publications (YM)

This work will be conducted under Task ORD-FY04-007, “Precipitation Monitoring at Yucca Mountain”. The objective of this task is to measure, with known accuracy, the accumulation and timing of precipitation around Yucca Mountain using tipping bucket rain gauges. The data are used as part of the overall work supporting the net infiltration modeling Analysis Model Report, Simulation of Net Infiltration for Modern and Potential Future Climates, and the Performance Confirmation Plan. This work is subject to UCCSN QA program requirements. This SIP presents an independent confirmatory study supporting previously gathered information.

Yucca Mountain Climate Technical Support Representative, Saxon E. Sharpe, Dick Reinhardt, Eric Smistad, Don Baepler, Amy J. Smiecinski

Publications (YM)

The principal investigator (PI), Saxon Sharpe, for Task ORD-FY04-012, DOE Cooperative Agreement DE-FC28-04RW12232, will serve as Yucca Mountain Climate Technical Support Representative for the Department of Energy (DOE) in a series of activities related to past, present, and future climate for the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP) climate program.

As stated in the Viability Assessment of a Repository at Yucca Mountain: “Climate and its changes over time directly affect system performance at Yucca Mountain.” Currently, information from climate studies is used in models that support the Total System Performance Assessment and Licensing Application. It is a model component of all key …

Avoidance Of Plant Secondary Compounds By European Starlings: Citronellyls, Arla G. Hile

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

There is an ongoing need for nonlethal and environmentally safe vertebrate repellents for a variety of uses. One promising source of candidate repellents is plant secondary compounds, many of which have evolved to defend against invertebrate herbivory. In this study I tested six citronellyl compounds that are used in the human flavor and fragrance industry. Testing was conducted with an invasive and exotic avian pest species in North America, the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). All six compounds tested were highly repellent to the birds and repellency was similar across treatment days. A dose–response experiment revealed that two of …

The Intrinsic Intensity Modulation Of Psr B1937+21 At 1410 Mhz, Fredrick A. Jenet, Janusz Gil

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The single-pulse properties of the millisecond radio pulsar PSR B1937+21 are studied at 1410 MHz. The nongiant pulse emission regions appear to be remarkably stable, showing no pulse-to-pulse fluctuations other then those induced by the interstellar medium. This type of behavior has not been seen in any other pulsar, although it was seen in previous 430 MHz observations of this source. The stability of this source is interpreted in the context of the sparking gap model of radio pulsar emission, and a model-dependent upper bound is placed on the Lorentz factor of the outflowing plasma.

Leptospirosis In The Azores: The Rodent Connection, Gary W. Witmer, Hernani Martins, Lidia Flor

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Azores are Portuguese islands in the North Atlantic Ocean. The culture is very agrarian with a large cattle industry. Unfortunately, there is a chronic leptospirosis problem within the people, livestock, companion animals, and wildlife of the Azores. Introduced rodents play a significant role as maintenance hosts of this disease. We review the situation and make recommendations for reducing the occurrence and hazard of leptospirosis in the Azores. Areas addressed include the need for a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease and the role of rodents, development of an effective rodent control program, improvements in farm practices and …

Orientation And Bonding Of Biphenyldimethyldithiol, A. N. Caruso, R. Rajesh, Gordon A. Gallup, Jody G. Redepenning, Peter A. Dowben

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

The molecular orbitals of 1, 1′-biphenyl-4,4′-dimethyldithiol (HS– CH₂–C₆H₄–C₆H₄–CH₂–SH) are identified from combined photoemission and inverse photoemission studies and compared with theory for several different surfaces, molecular conformations and molecular orientations. The preferential molecular orientations of biphenyldimethyldithiol, on both Au(111) and polycrystalline Co, are identified from polarization resolved photoemission studies. Two different molecular orientations are adopted by biphenyldimethyldithiol on gold depending on adsorption conditions. Biphenyldimethyldithiol is observed to bond more strongly to cobalt than gold surfaces.

Cobalt Oxide Surface Chemistry: The Interaction Of Coo(1 0 0), Co3O4(1 1 0), And Co3O4(1 1 1) With Oxygen And Water, Sarah C. Petitto, Erin M. Marsh, Gregory A. Carson, Marjorie Langell

Marjorie A. Langell Publications

Cobalt oxides comprise two readily accessible cation oxidation states: Co²⁺ and Co³⁺, which are thermodynamically competitive under common ambient conditions, and redox mechanisms connecting the two states are largely responsible for their success in partial oxidation catalysis. In our studies, CoO(1 0 0), Co₃O₄(1 1 0), and Co₃O₄(1 1 1) single crystal substrates have been investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) for their surface reactivity toward O₃ and H₂O and for their stability under …

Crop Updates 2004 - Cereals, Wal Anderson, Vivian Vanstone, Robert Loughman, Vanessa Stewart, Darshan Sharma, Christine Zaicou-Kunesch, Brenda Shackley, Mohammad Amjad, Steve Penny Jr, Glen Riethmuller, Jeromy Lemon, Mario D'Antuono, Veronika Reck, Ben Curtis, Judith Devenish, Melaine Kupsch, Anne Smith, Blakely Paynter, Roslyn Jetter, Leanne Schulz, Jocelyn Ball, Tom Sweeny, Stephen Loss, Ashleigh Brooks, Justin Fuery, Geoff Anderson, Zed Rengel, Paul Damon, Eddy Pol, Narelle Hill, Ray Tugwell, Ron Mctaggart, Nathan Moyes, John Majewski, Manisha Shanker, James Piotrowski, Ciara Beard, Kithsiri Jayasena, Kazue Tanaka, Grey Poulish, Debbie Thackray, Rohan Prince, Roger Jones, Peter Nelson, Nigel Metz, Leisa Armstrong, Yee Leong (Alex) Yung, Moin Salam, David Tennant

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty eight papers from different authors:

PLENARY

1. Declining profitability in continuous cropping systems. Is more wheat the answer on Duplex soil? Dr Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture

2. Disease implications of extending the wheat phase in low-medium rainfall areas, Dr Vivian Vanstone and Dr Robert Loughman, Department of Agriculture

3. Prolonged wheat phase on duplex soils – where do weeds set the boundary? Vanessa Stewart, Department of Agriculture

WHEAT AGRONOMY

4. Management of small grain screenings in wheat, Dr Wal Anderson and Dr Darshan Sharma, Department of Agriculture

5. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties, Christine …

Leptonic Cp Violation Phases Using An Ansatz For The Neutrino Mass Matrix And Application To Leptogenesis, Joseph Schechter, Salah Nasri, Sherif Moussa

Physics - All Scholarship

We further study the previously proposed Ansatz, Tr(M)=0, for a prediagonal light Majorana type neutrino mass matrix. If CP violation is neglected this enables one to use the existing data on squared mass differences to estimate (up to a discrete ambiguity)the neutrino masses themselves. If it is assumed that only the conventional CP phase is present, the ansatz enables us to estimate this phase in addition to all three masses. If it is assumed that only the two Majorana CP phases are present, the Ansatz enables us to obtain a one parameter family of solutions for the masses and phases. …

Non-Target Hazard To Ring-Necked Pheasants From Zinc Phosphide Use In Northern California Agricultural Areas, Craig A. Ramey, Jean B. Bourassa, Michael S. Furuta

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) conducted a field study to determine hazards to non-target gallinaceous birds following the use of 2.0% zinc phosphide (Zn,P2) baits for vole control in fall alfalfa. Consultation among the NWRC, USDA Wildlife Services, California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA), U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the California Department of Fish and Game produced a 3-phased study. Free-ranging ring-necked pheasants and California quail were studied in alfalfa during the concurrent harvest of other agricultural crops. These data would be used by CDFA to support the re registration of their label "Rodent Bait Zinc …

The Role Of Bait Manipulation In The Delivery Of Oral Rabies Vaccine To Skunks, Stacie J. Robinson, Susan M. Jojola, Kurt C. Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The majority of rabies cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control each year occur in wildlife including skunks, raccoons, bats, foxes, and coyotes. Currently, oral rabies vaccination campaigns are employed to immunize coyotes, foxes, and raccoons. Though skunks are vectors of 6 rabies strains, there is currently no effective oral vaccine or delivery system for skunks. More information is needed to determine if baits currently used are sufficiently attractive to skunks, or if the baits are difficult for skunks to handle and consume. We observed bait manipulation by skunks in penned/feeding trials to determine the bait type most conducive …

Potential Flotation Devices For Aerial Delivery Of Baits To Brown Treesnakes, Peter J. Savarie, Kenneth L. Tope

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Brown treesnakes are exotic invasive predators that have extirpated native forest birds and caused drastic reductions of lizards on Guam. Operational management control methods to contain the snake on Guam include the use of live traps, hand capture from fences, and canine detection. Live traps are also used to depopulate small forest plots. Toxicants offer an additional means for reducing snake populations on small plots. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic pipe bait stations containing dead neonatal mice (DNM) treated with 80 mg acetaminophen are placed about 1.5 m above the ground in vegetation to reduce exposure to terrestrial scavengers such as …

Using Fatty Acid Profiles To Assess Dietary Intake Of Sunflower In Red-Winged Blackbirds , Randal S. Stahl, H. Jeffrey Homan, George M. Linz, John J. Johnston

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

In late summer, red-winged blackbirds forage heavily on ripening sunflower crops in the Dakotas. Sunflower achenes have a distinct fatty acid profile that should influence the fatty acid composition in tissues of these buds. To determine if fatty acid composition in tissue could be used as a biomarker indicating dietary history, we fed 18 red-winged blackbirds a sunflower diet for 2 weeks and compared fatty acid profiles in their muscle and liver tissues to a control group of red-winged blackbirds (n = 15) fed a birdseed mix supplemented with safflower seed. Three subjects from each treatment group were sacrificed at …

Relative Factor Costs Of Wildlife Rabies Impacts In The U.S., Ray T. Sterner, Ben Sun

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A comprehensive cost model of wildlife rabies is presented. A total of 11 factors were viewed to comprise the diverse agricultural, insurance, medical, and veterinary expenses associated with rabies (i.e., pet vaccinations, livestock vaccinations, pet replacements, livestock replacements, pre-exposure prophylaxis for humans, post-exposure prophylaxis for humans, adverse medical reactions, animal control activities, public health charges, quarantine costs, and human death settlements). These factor costs form the basis of potential savings to be gained from rabies control activities. Irrespective of incidence, per unit costs and ranges were found to be greatest for livestock replacement, post-exposure prophylaxis, adverse medical reactions, and human …