Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Gaining Ground Information Database, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher, Susan Moritz

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

A Report on a New Internet Research Library of Innovative Land Use Laws, Regulations, and Practices

Subgradients Of Distance Functions At Out-Of-Set Points, Boris S. Mordukhovich, Nguyen Mau Nam

Mathematics Research Reports

This paper deals with the classical distance function to closed sets and its extension to the case of set-valued mappings. It has been well recognized that the distance functions play a crucial role in many aspects of variational analysis, optimization, and their applications. One of the most remarkable properties of even the classical distance function is its intrinsic nonsmoothness, which requires the usage of generalized differential constructions for its study and applications. In this paper we present new results in theser directions using mostly the generalized differential constructions introduced earlier by the first author, as well as their recent modifications. …

Ecological And Agricultural Applications Of Synchrotron Ir Microscopy, Ted K. Raab, John P. Vogel

Ted K. Raab

The diffraction-limited spot size of synchrotron-based IR microscopes provides cell-specific, spectrochemical imaging of cleared leaf, stem and root tissues of the model genetic organism Arabidopsis thaliana, and mutant plants created either by T-DNA insertional inactivation or chemical mutagenesis. Spectra in the wavelength region from 6 to 12 microns provide chemical and physical information on the cell wall polysaccharides of mutants lacking particular biosynthetic enzymes (‘‘Cellulose synthase-like’’ genes). In parallel experiments, synchrotron IR microscopy delineates the role of Arabidopsis cell wall enzymes as susceptibility factors to the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum, a causative agent of powdery mildew disease. Three genes, pmr4, pmr5, …

On Time Series Analysis Of Public Health And Biomedical Data, Scott L. Zeger, Rafael A. Irizarry, Roger D. Peng

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

A time series is a sequence of observations made over time. Examples in public health include daily ozone concentrations, weekly admissions to an emergency department or annual expenditures on health care in the United States. Time series models are used to describe the dependence of the response at each time on predictor variables including covariates and possibly previous values in the series. Time series methods are necessary to account for the correlation among repeated responses over time. This paper gives an overview of time series ideas and methods used in public health research.

On The Accelerated Failure Time Model For Current Status And Interval Censored Data, Lu Tian, Tianxi Cai

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

This paper introduces a novel approach to making inference about the regression parameters in the accelerated failure time (AFT) model for current status and interval censored data. The estimator is constructed by inverting a Wald type test for testing a null proportional hazards model. A numerically efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) based resampling method is proposed to simultaneously obtain the point estimator and a consistent estimator of its variance-covariance matrix. We illustrate our approach with interval censored data sets from two clinical studies. Extensive numerical studies are conducted to evaluate the finite sample performance of the new estimators.

Microscale Simulation Of Martensitic Microstructure Evolution, Valery I. Levitas, Alexander V. Idesman, Dean L. Preston

Valery I. Levitas

A new model for the evolution of multivariant martensitic microstructure in single crystals and polycrystals is developed. In contrast with Landau-Ginzburg models, which are limited in practice to nanoscale specimens, this new scale-free model is valid for length scales greater than 100 nm and without an upper bound. It is based on a thermodynamic potential in the volume fractions of the martensitic variants that exhibits an instability resulting in microstructure formation. Simulated microstructures in elastic single crystals and polycrystals under uniaxial loading are in qualitative agreement with those observed experimentally.

Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 03, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Phospholipid Scramblase 1 Potentiates The Antiviral Activity Of Interferon, Beihua Dong, Quansheng Zhou, Ji Zhao, Aimin Zhou, Ronald N. Harty, Santanu Bose, Amiya Banerjee, Roger Slee, Jeanna Guenther, Bryan R.G. Williams, Therese Wiedmer, Peter J. Sims, Robert H. Silverman

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is an interferon (IFN)- and growth factor-inducible, calcium-binding protein that either inserts into the plasma membrane or binds DNA in the nucleus depending on its state of palmyitoylation. In certain hematopoietic cells, PLSCR1 is required for normal maturation and terminal differentiation from progenitor cells as regulated by select growth factors, where it promotes recruitment and activation of Src kinases. PLSCR1 is a substrate of Src (and Abl) kinases, and transcription of the PLSCR1 gene is regulated by the same growth factor receptor pathways in which PLSCR1 potentiates afferent signaling. The marked transcriptional upregulation of PLSCR1 by …

Pyro: A Python-Based Versatile Programming Environment For Teaching Robotics, Doug Blank, Deepak Kumar, Lisa Meeden, Holly Yanco

Computer Science Faculty Research and Scholarship

In this paper we describe a programming framework called Pyro which provides a set of abstractions that allows students to write platform­independent robot programs. This project is unique because of its focus on the pedagogical implications of teaching mobile robotics via a top­down approach. We describe the background of the project, novel abstractions created, its library of objects, and the many learning modules that have been created from which curricula for different types of courses can be drawn. Finally, we explore Pyro from the students' perspective in a case study.

Volume Holographic Recording And Readout For 90-Deg Geometry, Partha P. Banerjee, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Nickolai Kukhtarev, Tatiana Kukhtareva

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

When a prerecorded cross-beam hologram is reconstructed (so-called edge-lit readout) with a uniform plane wave and a point source, the resulting exact solutions reveal Bessel-function-type diffracted beam profiles, which are fundamentally modified under weak propagational diffraction. The case of a profiled beam readout with propagational diffraction may be analyzed using a transfer function approach based on 2-D Laplace transforms. In a second series of investigations, dynamic readout from a cross-beam volume hologram recorded with two orthogonal uniform plane waves is considered for various dependences of the refractive index modulation with intensity. Typically, refractive index profiles that are proportional to the …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Nanocrystalline Zinc Ferrite, Gabriel Caruntu, Charles J. O'Connor

Chemistry Faculty Publications

We report on the synthesis of highly uniform, single phase zinc ferrite films prepared through a single step low temperature reaction by the liquid phase deposition (LPD) method. X-ray diffraction, TGA and EDX
measurements support the assumption that the as-deposited films are constituted from a mixture of crystallized FeOOH and amorphous Zn(OH)2. Upon heat treatment in air at 600 uC for one hour the intermediates are subsequently converted into the corresponding zinc ferrites. The films with adjustable chemical compositions are identified as having a spinel-type crystal structure and present a spherical or rod-like microstructure, depending on the Zn content. The …

Logic Programs And Connectionist Networks, Pascal Hitzler, Steffen Holldobler, Anthony K. Seda

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Graphs of the single-step operator for first-order logic programs—displayed in the real plane—exhibit self-similar structures known from topological dynamics, i.e., they appear to be fractals, or more precisely, attractors of iterated function systems. We show that this observation can be made mathematically precise. In particular, we give conditions which ensure that those graphs coincide with attractors of suitably chosen iterated function systems, and conditions which allow the approximation of such graphs by iterated function systems or by fractal interpolation. Since iterated function systems can easily be encoded using recurrent radial basis function networks, we eventually obtain connectionist systems which …

Internal Phosphorus Loading In Spring Lake: Year 2, Dr. Alan Steinman, Dr. Rick Rediske, Mrs. Lori Nemeth

Scientific Technical Reports

Experimental and desktop studies were conducted during 2004 to better understand the factors affecting internal phosphorus (P) loading in Spring Lake, Michigan. A prior study in 2003 resulted in estimates that between 55 and 65% of the total phosphorus entering the water column of Spring Lake, on an annual basis, originated via internal loading from the sediments. The results from the current study indicated the following:

Phosphorus release rates were no different at alum concentrations of ≥ 15 mg alum/L compared to 24 mg/L. However, the higher alum concentration is likely to provide greater spatial coverage over the sediments in …

Lower Grand River Watershed Management Plan, Fishbeck, Thompson, Car & Huber, Inc.

Watershed Management Plans and Reports

A Watershed Management Plan (WMP) considers many aspects of water usage and functions, and coordinates them into a comprehensive plan for managing the activities that govern how our natural resources are utilized or viewed. A WMP is developed to provide direction and prioritize how resources are used for the management, protection, or restoration of a watershed. A watershed approach is ideal for managing water resources since they cross jurisdictions and political boundaries. Often this fluid nature of water is overlooked or taken for granted. Water flows over the ground and picks up pollutants before reaching a lake, stream, wetland, or …

Measurement Of In Situ Acoustic Properties For The Onr Geoclutter Program, Larry A. Mayer, Barbara J. Kraft, Luciano E. Fonseca

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

Computation Of The Free Distance And Low Weight Distribution Of Turbo Codes With Convolutional Interleavers, Sina Vafi, Tadeusz A. Wysocki

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This work presents an algorithm for computation of the free distance parameter of turbo codes with a convolutional interleaver implemented to act as a block interleaver. Based on the properties of the interleaver and the algorithm applied, we can also determine the other low weights of turbo codes and this is useful in determining the performance of the error floor of turbo codes. For different turbo code structures, the relevant parameters have been computed. The error rate simulations confirm the algorithm results.

Austrochlamys Heardensis (Fleming, 1957) (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) From Central Kerguelen Plateau, Indian Ocean: Palaeontology And Possible Tectonic Significance, P. G. Quilty, C. V. Murray-Wallace, J. M. Whitehead

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Austrochlamys heardensis (Fleming) is recorded from a boulder of Late Pliocene (3.62–2.5 Ma) volcaniclastic sandstone dredged 70 km east-north-east of Heard Island, the third record of the species. The collection is much larger than the original described by Fleming and includes left valves which are described for the first time. The species is compared with A. anderssoni (Hennig) from Cockburn Island and ‘Chlamys’ mawsoni Fletcher from Îles Kerguelen. The source rock accumulated in fully marine, highly current-affected conditions. The collection is dominated by right valves, possibly because left valves are more susceptible to breakage and the effects of current winnowing. …

Below Band Gap Photoreflectance Transitions In Epitaxial Gan, Phil W. Yu, Jerry D. Clark, David C. Look, C. Q. Chen, Jinwei Yang, Edmundas Koutstis, M. Asif Khan, Denis V. Tsvertkov, Vladimir A. Dmitriev

Physics Faculty Publications

A photoreflectance (PR) and photoluminescence (PL) study has been performed on a Si-doped epitaxial GaN layer that contains impurity or defect related below band gap features in its PR spectrum. In the 300 K PR spectrum, these features appear at energies of 3.26 and 3.33 eV, respectively, but below 180 K they can no longer be seen. The 3.26 eV line evidently corresponds to a donor acceptor pair transition, also seen in PL. The origin of the 3.33 eV line is uncertain, but may correspond to a transition involving the nitrogen vacancy.

Creating And Detecting Doctored And Virtual Images: Implications To The Child Pornography Prevention Act, Hany Farid

Computer Science Technical Reports

The 1996 Child Pornography Prevention Act (CPPA) extended the existing federal criminal laws against child pornography to include certain types of "virtual porn". In 2002, the United States Supreme Court found that portions of the CPPA, being overly broad and restrictive, violated First Amendment rights. The Court ruled that images containing an actual minor or portions of a minor are not protected, while computer generated images depicting a fictitious "computer generated" minor are constitutionally protected. In this report I outline various forms of digital tampering, placing them in the context of this recent ruling. I also review computational techniques for …

Ao2p: Ad-Hoc On-Demand Position-Based Private Routing Protocol, Xiaoxin Wu, Bharat Bhargava

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Water Quality Monitoring Of Moores Creek Above Lincoln Lake 2003, Marc A. Nelson, L. Wade Cash, G. Keith Trost

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For Tss, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The Washington County Road 76 Bridge On Ballard Creek, Marc A. Nelson, L. Wade Cash, G. Keith Trost

Technical Reports

The Illinois River Basin has experienced water quality impairment from non-point source pollution for many years. This fact was well documented in the State of Arkansas' Water Quality Assessment report, the Soil Conservation Service River Basin Study, and several University of Arkansas, Fayetteville studies. Thirty-seven sub-watersheds have been identified by the SCS in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River basin. In the Arkansas portion of the Basin, the Illinois River, Evansville Creek, Baron Fork, Cincinnati Creek, Muddy Fork, Moores Creek, Clear Creek, Osage Creek and Flint Creek were all classified as not supporting their designated use as primary contact …

Refuge Update – September/October 2004, Volume 1, Number 5

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:

Prairie Science Class Celebrates Anniversary, page 16 Program integrates environmental education into routine public school curriculum.

Focus on Hunting, page 8-15 While the National Wildlife Refuge System has been shaped by a variety of public concerns, hunters were among the early, substantive voices.

Texas Brochures Turned Some Heads, page 17 South Texas Refuge series of brochures are notable for their beauty and more.

Forty Years for the Wilderness Act, Page 18 National Wilderness Preservation System protects more than 105.7 million acres, including more than 20 million acres on 65 refuges.

A Fast And Simple Algorithm For Computing M Shortest Paths In Stage Graph, M. Sherwood, Laxmi P. Gewali, Henry Selvaraj, Venkatesan Muthukumar

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

We consider the problem of computing m shortest paths between a source node s and a target node t in a stage graph. Polynomial time algorithms known to solve this problem use complicated data structures. This paper proposes a very simple algorithm for computing all m shortest paths in a stage graph efficiently. The proposed algorithm does not use any complicated data structure and can be implemented in a straightforward way by using only array data structure. This problem appears as a sub-problem for planning risk reduced multiple k-legged trajectories for aerial vehicles.

Evaluating Spatial Variability Of Precipitation In Kentucky With Exploratory Data Analysis, Daniel Taylor

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Spatial variability of precipitation is examined over the state of Kentucky and surrounding areas. The study focuses on the analysis of monthly precipitation totals from the period of 1961-2000. The purpose of the study is to develop a set of indices to represent the spatial variability of the study area for a given month. Various exploratory data analysis methods such as variography, kriging, and cluster analysis were used. The study attempts to quantify the second order (local) effects of the spatial variation of precipitation as a means to provide insight into the prediction of precipitation randomness. This task can be …

Electron Loss From 1.4-Mev / U U4,6,10+ Ions Colliding With Ne, N₂, And Ar Targets, Robert D. Dubois, Antonio C. Santos, Th. Stohlker, F. Bosch, A. Brauning-Demian, A. Gumberidze, S. Hagmann, C. Kozhuharov, R. Mann, A. Orsic Muthig, U. Spillman, S. Tachenov, W. Bart, L. Dahl, B. Franzke, J. Glatz, L. Groning, S. Richter, D. Wilms, K. Ullmann, O. Jagutzki

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Absolute, total, single- and multiple-electron-loss cross sections are measured for 1.4-MeV / u U^4,6,10+ ions colliding with neon and argon atoms and nitrogen molecules. It is found that the cross sections all have the same dependence on the number of electrons lost and that multiplying the cross sections by the initial number of electrons in the 6s, 6p, and 5f shells yields good agreement between the different projectiles. By combining the present data with previous measurements made at the same velocity, it is shown that the scaled cross sections slowly decrease in magnitude for …

Recommender Systems Research: A Connection-Centric Survey, Saverio Perugini, Marcos André Gonçalves, Edward A. Fox

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Recommender systems attempt to reduce information overload and retain customers by selecting a subset of items from a universal set based on user preferences. While research in recommender systems grew out of information retrieval and filtering, the topic has steadily advanced into a legitimate and challenging research area of its own. Recommender systems have traditionally been studied from a content-based filtering vs. collaborative design perspective. Recommendations, however, are not delivered within a vacuum, but rather cast within an informal community of users and social context. Therefore, ultimately all recommender systems make connections among people and thus should be surveyed from …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 36, No.3 September 2004

The Prairie Naturalist

OVERLAND MOVEMENTS AND HABITAT USE OF MALLARD BROODS DEPARTING OVERWATER NESTING STRUCTURES ▪ J. D. Stafford, L. D. Flake, and P. W. Mammenga

NEST SITE CHARACTERISTICS OF EASTERN WILD TURKEY IN NORTHEASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ R. D. Shields and L. D. Flake

WHITE-TAILED DEER INFECTEUWITH STAPHYLOCOCCUS HYICUS IN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ T. J. Zimmerman, J. A. Jenks, and A. E. Pillatzki

CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS TYPE A IN A FREE-RANGING FAWN? ▪ T. J. Brinkman, J. A. Jenks, C. S. DePerno, and B. S. Haroldson

BUFFLEHEAD BREEDING ACTIVITY IN SOUTH-CENTRAL NORTH DAKOTA ▪ G. A. Knutsen and J. C. King

POTENTIAL MULTIPLE …

Analysis Of Adsorbed Contaminants Of Caf/Sub 2/ Surfaces By Infrared Laser Induced Desorption, Jinmei Fu, Yamini Surapaneni, Susan D. Allen

Mechanical Engineering - Daytona Beach

157 nm photolithography technologies are currently under development and have been accepted as the leading candidate for fabrication of the next generation semiconductor devices after 193 nm. At this and shorter wavelengths, molecular contamination of surfaces becomes a serious problem as almost all molecules absorb at 157 nm and below. The light transmitted by a photolithographic tool can be significantly decreased by the presence of a few monolayers adsorbed on its many optical surfaces. We have developed a laser induced desorption, electron impact ionization, time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LID TOFMS) to study contaminants on 157nm and other ultraviolet optics, e.g., polished …

A Spectroscopy Of Texts For Effective Clustering, Wenyuan Li, Wee-Keong Ng, Kok-Leong Ong, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

For many clustering algorithms, such as k-means, EM, and CLOPE, there is usually a requirement to set some parameters. Often, these parameters directly or indirectly control the number of clusters to return. In the presence of different data characteristics and analysis contexts, it is often difficult for the user to estimate the number of clusters in the data set. This is especially true in text collections such as Web documents, images or biological data. The fundamental question this paper addresses is: ldquoHow can we effectively estimate the natural number of clusters in a given text collection?rdquo. We propose to use …