Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Estimated Ultraviolet Radiation Doses In Wetlands In Six National Parks, Stephen A. Diamond, Peter C. Trenham, Michael J. Adams, Blake R. Hossack, Roland A. Knapp, Stacey L. Stark, David Bradford, P. Stephen Corn, Ken Czarnowski, Paul D. Brooks, Dan Fagre, Bob Breen, Naomi E. Detenbeck, Kathy Tonnessen

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280–320-nm wavelengths) doses were estimated for 1024 wetlands in six national parks: Acadia (Acadia), Glacier (Glacier), Great Smoky Mountains (Smoky), Olympic (Olympic), Rocky Mountain (Rocky), and Sequoia/ Kings Canyon (Sequoia). Estimates were made using ground-based UV-B data (Brewer spectrophotometers), solar radiation models, GIS tools, field characterization of vegetative features, and quantification of DOC concentration and spectral absorbance. UV-B dose estimates were made for the summer solstice, at a depth of 1 cm in each wetland. The mean dose across all wetlands and parks was 19.3 W-h m^-2 (range of 3.4–32.1 W-h m^-2). The mean …

Distribution Patterns Of Lentic-Breeding Amphibians In Relation To Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure In Western North America, Michael J. Adams, Blake R. Hossack, Roland A. Knapp, Paul Stephen Corn, Stephen A. Diamond, Peter C. Trenham, Dan B. Fagre

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

An increase in ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation has been posited to be a potential factor in the decline of some amphibian population. This hypothesis has received support from laboratory and field experiments showing that current levels of UV-B can cause embryo mortality in some species, but little research has addressed whether UV-B is influencing the distribution of amphibian populations. We compared patterns of amphibian presence to sitespecific estimates of UV-B dose at 683 ponds and lakes in Glacier, Olympic, and Sequoia–Kings Canyon National Parks. All three parks are located in western North America, a region with a concentration of documented amphibian …

Instrumented Stake Test, Louis Iii Berei

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

The information technology solution offered by this project provides a client with a measured accurate product for the purpose of new product and warranty design verification. A developing product, just off the drawing table or CAD computer will have no previous history of testing. Procedures and test equipment must be designed and developed in a time sensitive period due to production deadlines that will affect profitability. The ability to reuse the resulting test stands, computer hardware, data acquisition equipment, and software is a key element to a test laboratories bottom line. The goal of this project assigned to is to …

Paleomagnetism And Tectonic Significance Of Albian And Cenomanian Turbidites, Ochoco Basin, Mitchell Inlier, Central Oregon, Bernard A. Housen, Rebecca J. Dorsey

Geology Faculty Publications

Understanding continental growth and convergent margin dynamics associated with terrane accretion and modification of the Cordilleran margin of North America is prevented by conflicts in paleogeographic models for major terranes, oceanic plates, and the North American margin. We present new paleomagnetic data suggesting that the Blue Mountains superterrane, located at an inboard portion of the Cordilleran margin, has undergone substantial northward translation and clockwise rotation relative to North America since mid-Cretaceous time. Positive baked-contact, conglomerate, and fold tests, provide evidence that the magnetization of these rocks dates from their deposition. These results yield a mean direction of D = 10.8°, …

Analyzing Characteristics Of Java Classes As Related To Implementation-Based Testing, David C. Crowther

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, I present a class abstraction technique (CAT) that supports the testing process by capturing aspects of software complexity based on the combination of class characteristics present in Java applications. I describe TaxTOOLJ, which is the tool that was developed to catalog Java classes based on this CAT, and detail the experiments that were run to catalog several large Java applications from different domains. From the results, I show the types of classes developed in these applications, as well as which groups of classes are most commonly developed, which groups of classes are most common within a given …

Search For Higgs Bosons Decaying Into B B̅ And Produced In Association With A Vector Boson In P P̅ Collisions At √S =1.8 Tev, Darin Acosta, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We present a new search for H⁰V production, where H⁰ is a scalar Higgs boson decaying into b b̅ with branching ratio β, and V is a Z⁰ boson decaying into e⁺e^-, µ⁺µ^-, or νν̅. This search is then combined with previous searches for H⁰V where V is a W^± boson or a hadronically decaying Z⁰. The data sample consists of 106±4 pb^-1 of p p̅ collisions at √s=1.8 TeV accumulated by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Observing no evidence of a …

Glacial History Of The Amundsen Sea Shelf, Thomas B. Kellogg, Daniel Belknap, Davida Kellogg, Terence Hughes

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, supports a marine geological investigation of the Amundsen Sea region toward a better understanding of the deglaciation history of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). The WAIS may be inherently unstable because it is the last marine-based ice sheet in the world. Unlike other embayments in West Antarctica, major ice streams draining into the Amundsen Sea from the interior of the WAIS lack buttressing ice shelves. Mass balance data for the distal portions of these ice streams (Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers) appear to …

Test Statistics Null Distributions In Multiple Testing: Simulation Studies And Applications To Genomics, Katherine S. Pollard, Merrill D. Birkner, Mark J. Van Der Laan, Sandrine Dudoit

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Multiple hypothesis testing problems arise frequently in biomedical and genomic research, for instance, when identifying differentially expressed or co-expressed genes in microarray experiments. We have developed generally applicable resampling-based single-step and stepwise multiple testing procedures (MTP) for control of a broad class of Type I error rates, defined as tail probabilities and expected values for arbitrary functions of the numbers of false positives and rejected hypotheses (Dudoit and van der Laan, 2005; Dudoit et al., 2004a,b; Pollard and van der Laan, 2004; van der Laan et al., 2005, 2004a,b). As argued in the early article of Pollard and van der …

Electromechanical Imaging Of Biological Systems With Sub-10 Nm Resolution, Sergei V. Kalinin, B. J. Rodriguez, Stephen Jesse, T. Thundat, Alexei Gruverman

Alexei Gruverman Publications

Electromechanical imaging of tooth dentin and enamel has been performed with sub-10 nm resolution using piezoresponse force microscopy. Characteristic piezoelectric domain size and local protein fiber ordering in dentin have been determined. The shape of a single protein fibril in enamel is visualized in real space and local hysteresis loops are measured. Because of the ubiquitous presence of piezoelectricity in biological systems, this approach is expected to find broad application in high-resolution studies of a wide range of biomaterials.

Performance Of Aic-Selected Spatial Covariance Structures For Fmri Data, David A. Stromberg

Theses and Dissertations

FMRI datasets allow scientists to assess functionality of the brain by measuring the response of blood flow to a stimulus. Since the responses from neighboring locations within the brain are correlated, simple linear models that assume independence of measurements across locations are inadequate. Mixed models can be used to model the spatial correlation between observations, however selecting the correct covariance structure is difficult. Information criteria, such as AIC are often used to choose among covariance structures. Once the covariance structure is selected, significance tests can be used to determine if a region of interest within the brain is significantly active. …

High Temperature Heat Exchanger Project: Quarterly Progress Report April 1, 2005 Through June 30, 2005, Anthony Hechanova

Publications (NSTD)

Quarterly Collaboration Meeting. General Atomics hosted a UNLVRF HTHX Project quarterly meeting on June 5 in San Diego, California. The purpose of the meeting was to promote collaboration and communication among the UNLV Research Foundation partners. Collaborators had the opportunity to discuss their research program plan and update their progress. The next meeting will be in September in Berkeley hosted by UC Berkeley.

HTHX Computational Design (UNLV). Work on optimizing the ceramic offset strip in compact HTHX design through parametric studies was performed and completed. A simple single channel model was used to perform parametric studies on dimensions and flow …

The Cleo Rich Detector, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, R. Ayad, Konstantin Vladimirovich Bukin

Physics - All Scholarship

We describe the design, construction and performance of a Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detector (RICH) constructed to identify charged particles in the CLEO experiment. Cherenkov radiation occurs in LiF crystals, both planar and ones with a novel ``sawtooth''-shaped exit surface. Photons in the wavelength interval 135--165 nm are detected using multi-wire chambers filled with a mixture of methane gas and triethylamine vapor. Excellent pion/kaon separation is demonstrated.

Observability Of A Projected New State Of Matter: A Metallic Superfluid, Egor Babaev, Asle Sudbo, N. W. Ashcroft

Egor Babaev

Dissipationless quantum states, such as superconductivity and superfluidity, have attracted interest for almost a century. A variety of systems exhibit these macroscopic quantum phenomena, ranging from superconducting electrons in metals to superfluid liquids, atomic vapours, and even large nuclei. It was recently suggested that liquid metallic hydrogen could form two new unusual dissipationless quantum states, namely the metallic superfluid and the superconducting superfluid. Liquid metallic hydrogen is projected to occur only at an extremely high pressure of about 400 GPa, while pressures on hydrogen of 320 GPa having already been reported. The issue to be adressed is if this state …

Paleolimnological Investigation Of Recent Sediments From Lake Monroe, Florida, Usa., Bryan P. Carroll

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sediments recovered in October 2003 from Lake Monroe, a hypereutrophic lake in central Florida, have been sub-sampled and analyzed for δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, TC, TIC, TOC, and TN. A chronology of bulk sediment and nutrient accumulation was established by radiometric analyses (²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs, and ¹⁴C), to aid in evaluating spatial and temporal patterns within the lake since development in the watershed began. A continuous 100- year sediment record from Lake Monroe shows significant changes in production, sedimentation, and nutrient abundance following land settlement in the mid 1800's. Sediment nutrient and isotopic analyses demonstrate …

A Modified Poisson–Boltzmann Analysis Of The Capacitance Behavior Of The Electric Double Layer At Low Temperatures, Douglas Henderson, L. B. Bhuiyan, C. W. Outhwaite

Faculty Publications

The modified Poisson–Boltzmann theory is used to analyze the anomalous behavior of the electric double layer capacitance for small surface charge at low temperatures and densities. Good agreement is found with simulation and recent density-functional theory results. Negative adsorption is also found in line with theory and simulation. An unsatisfactory feature is the relatively poor structure in this region due to the inherent approximations in the theory. This feature is unimportant in relation to the capacitance results but has implications when calculating adsorption properties.

Detecting Similar Html Documents Using A Sentence-Based Copy Detection Approach, Rajiv Yerra

Theses and Dissertations

Web documents that are either partially or completely duplicated in content are easily found on the Internet these days. Not only these documents create redundant information on the Web, which take longer to filter unique information and cause additional storage space, but also they degrade the efficiency of Web information retrieval. In this thesis, we present a new approach for detecting similar (HTML)Web documents and evaluate its performance. To detect similar documents, we first apply our sentence-based copy detection approach to determine whether sentences in any two documents should be treated as the same or different according to the degrees …

Towards Gaussian Multi-Robot Slam For Underwater Robotics, Dave Kroetsch, Christopher M. Clark

Computer Science and Software Engineering

This paper presents initial steps towards developing autonomous navigation capabilities for cooperating underwater robots. Specifically, Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, or SLAM, capabilities are investigated for a group of micro vehicles each equipped with a single downward facing camera and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). To verify the approach, simulations of the multi-robot SLAM running in a 3D environment were conducted, where vehicles in close proximity of one another exchange maps to improve localization.

A Coloured Petri Net Based Strategy For Multi-Agent Scheduling, Q. Bai, Minjie Zhang, H. Zhang

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

In the last decade, the focus of agent research has shifted from single agent systems to multi-agent systems (MASs). Dynamic agent coordination is one of the challenge problems of multi-agent research. One coordination problem is how to achieve agent scheduling under open dynamic environments. Petri Nets (PNs) and Coloured Petri Nets (CPNs) are system study tools that provide an appropriate mathematical formalism for the description, construction and analysis of distributed and concurrent systems. In this paper, we present a CPN based strategy to schedule and allocate new tasks to suitable agent(s) or agent combinations. In this strategy, through using CPNs …

A Collision Detection Chip On Reconfigurable Hardware, Nuzhet Atay, John W. Lockwood, Burchan Bayazit

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

Collision detection algorithms check the intersection between two given surfaces or volumes. They are computationally-intensive and the capabilities of conventional processors limit their performance. Hardware acceleration of these algorithms can greatly benefit the systems that need collision detection to be performed in real-time. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a great platform to achieve such acceleration. An FPGA is a collection of digital gates which can be reprogrammed at run time, i.e., it can be used as a CPU that reconfigures itself for a given task. In this paper, we present an FPGA based collision detection chip. The chip …

Analysis Of Fractured Terrain Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems : Establishing A Correlation Between Fracture Network Properties And Vegetation, Sumanjit Aich

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research analyzed the spatial relationship between a mega-scale fracture network and the occurrence of vegetation in an arid region. High-resolution aerial photographs of Arches National Park, Utah were used for digital image processing. Four sets of large-scale joints were digitized from the rectified color photograph in order to characterize the geospatial properties of the fracture network with the aid of a Geographic Information System. An unsupervised landcover classification was carried out to identify the spatial distribution of vegetation on the fractured outcrop. Results of this study confirm that the WNW-ESE alignment of vegetation is dominantly controlled by the spatial …

Incorporation Of Factor Va Into Prothrombinase Is Required For Coordinated Cleavage Of Prothrombin By Factor Xa, Michael A. Bukys, Melissa A. Blum, Paul Y. Kim, Nicole Brufatto, Michael E. Nesheim, Michael Kalafatis

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Prothrombin is activated to thrombin by two sequential factor Xa-catalyzed cleavages, at Arg271 followed by cleavage at Arg320. Factor Va, along with phospholipid and Ca2+, enhances the rate of the process by 300,000-fold, reverses the order of cleavages, and directs the process through the meizothrombin pathway, characterized by initial cleavage at Arg320. Previous work indicated reduced rates of prothrombin activation with recombinant mutant factor Va defective in factor Xa binding (E323F/Y324F and E330M/V331I, designated factor VaFF/MI). The present studies were undertaken to determine whether loss of activity can be attributed to selective loss of efficiency at one or both of …

Constraint-Based Interpolation, Daniel David Goggins

Theses and Dissertations

Image reconstruction is the process of converting a sampled image into a continuous one prior to transformation and resampling. This reconstruction can be more accurate if two things are known: the process by which the sampled image was obtained and the general characteristics of the original image. We present a new reconstruction algorithm known as Constraint-Based Interpolation, which estimates the sampling functions found in cameras and analyzes properties of real world images in order to produce quality real-world image magnifications. To accomplish this, Constraint-Based Interpolation uses a sensor model that pushes the pixels in an interpolation to more closely match …

Comparison Of Crystalline Thin Poly(Vinylidene (70%)–Trifluoroethylene (30%)) Copolymer Films With Short Chain Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Films, Jaewu Choi, Eizi Morikawa, Stephen Ducharme, Peter A. Dowben

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We compare the photoemission and electron energy loss spectra of crystalline poly(vinylidene-fluoride with trifluoroethylene: 70%: 30%), P(VDF–TrFE), films, fabricated by the Langmuir–Blodgett technique and annealed in vacuum, with in situ thermally evaporated films of poly(vinylidene-fluoride) (PVDF) in vacuum. The electronic structure and vibrational modes of the short chain PVDF films compare well with the crystalline P(VDF–TrFE) films indicating that vacuum annealed films prepared ex situ are free of significant surface contamination once vacuum annealed. The electronic structure for the short chain PVDF films exhibits, however, different temperature dependence than the crystalline P(VDF–TrFE) films. PACS: 68.47.Mn; 71.20.Rv; 63.22.+m; 73.22.-f

J-Resolved He I Emission Predictions In The Low-Density Limit, R. P. Bauman, R. L. Porter, Gary J. Ferland, K. B. Macadam

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Determinations of the primordial helium abundance are used in precision cosmological tests. These require highly accurate He I recombination rate coefficients. Here we reconsider the formation of He I recombination lines in the low-density limit. This is the simplest case, and it forms the basis for the more complex situation in which collisions are important. The formation of a recombination line is a two-step process, beginning with the capture of a continuum electron into a bound state and followed by radiative cascade to ground. The rate coefficient for capture from the continuum is obtained from photoionization cross sections and detailed …

Evaluating The Simulation Of A Simple Hydrology Model Using Long-Term Soil Moisture Measurements In The Nebraska Sand Hills, V. Sridhar, Kenneth Hubbard, David A. Wedin

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

In this paper, we investigate soil moisture, evapotranspiration and other major water balance components over six sites in the Sand Hills of Nebraska during a 6-year period (1998-2003) using a hydrological model. We simulate water budget components including root zone soil moisture and found that model predictions of soil moisture compare reasonably well with observations for these sites. In the precipitation-limited Sand Hills, a moderate change in precipitation pattern from year to year is found to have profound effects on the fast response components of the hydrological cycle. Despite the homogeneity in terms of soil (sandy) and vegetation (grass), both …

Time-Dependent Thermal Imaging Of Circular Inclusions, Donald L. Brouwn, Mark Hubenthal

Mathematical Sciences Technical Reports (MSTR)

This paper considers the inverse problem of locating one or more circular inclusions in a two-dimensional domain using thermal boundary data, specifically, the input heat flux and measured boundary temperature. The forward problem is governed by the heat equation. We show how the position and size of such defects can be recovered using the boundary data and various approximations of the solution to the forward problem. We also consider the stability of the algorithm involved to recover the defects.

When Should One Substract Background Fluorescence In Two Color Microarrays?, Robert B. Scharpf, Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue, Julie B. Sneddon, Giovanni Parmigiani

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

Two color microarrays are a powerful tool for genomic analysis, but have noise components that make inferences regarding gene expression inefficient and potentially misleading. Background fluorescence,whether attributable to non-specific binding or other sources,is an important component of noise. The decision to subtract fluorescence surrounding spots of hybridization from spot fluorescence has been controversial, with no clear criteria for determining circumstances that may favor, or disfavor, background subtraction. While it is generally accepted that subtracting background reduces bias but increases variance in the estimates of the ratios of interest, no formal analysis of the bias-variance trade off of background subtraction has …

Does The Effect Of Micronutrient Supplementation On Neonatal Survival Vary With Respect To The Percentiles Of The Birth Weight Distribution?, Francesca Dominici, Scott L. Zeger, Giovanni Parmigiani, Joanne Katz, Parul Christian

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

Scientific Background: In developing countries, higher infant mortality is partially caused by poor maternal and fetal nutrition. Clinical trials of micronutrient supplementation are aimed at reducing the risk of infant mortality by increasing birth weight. Because infant mortality is greatest among the low birth weight infants (LBW) (less than or equal to 2500 grams), an effective intervention might be needed to increase birth weight among the smallest babies. Although it has been demonstrated that supplementation increases the birth weight in a trial conducted in Nepal, there is inconclusive evidence that the supplementation improves their survival. It has been hypothesized that …

Cosmic Rays From Gamma-Ray Bursts In The Galaxy, Charles Dennison Dermer, Jeremy M. Holmes

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The rate of terrestrial irradiation events by Galactic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is estimated using recent standard-energy results. We assume that GRBs accelerate high-energy cosmic rays, and we present results of three-dimensional simulations of cosmic rays moving in the Galactic magnetic field and diffusing through pitch-angle scattering. An on-axis GRB extinction event begins with a powerful prompt γ-ray and neutron pulse, followed by a longer lived phase from cosmic-ray protons and neutron-decay protons that diffuse toward Earth. Our results force a reinterpretation of reported ∼10¹⁸ eV cosmic-ray anisotropies and offer a rigorous test of the model in which high-energy cosmic rays …

Measuring The Halo Mass Of Z ∼ 3 Damped Lyα Absorbers From The Absorber-Galaxy Cross-Correlation, Nicolas Bouché, Jeffrey P. Gardner, Neal Katz, David H. Weinberg, Romeel Davé, James D. Lowenthal

Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We test the reliability of a method to measure the mean halo mass of absorption-line systems such as damped Lyα absorbers (DLAs). The method is based on measuring the ratio of the cross-correlation between DLAs and galaxies to the autocorrelation of the galaxies themselves, which is (in linear theory) the ratio of their bias factor b. We show that the ratio of the projected cross- and autocorrelation functions [W (r )/w (r )] is also the ratio of their bias factor, irrespective of the galaxy distribution, provided that one uses the same galaxies for w (r ) and w (r …