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2005

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Articles 3901 - 3930 of 5573

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Status Of Diporeia Spp. In Lake Ontario, 1994- 1997, Stephen J. Lozano, Jill V. Sharold Jan 2005

The Status Of Diporeia Spp. In Lake Ontario, 1994- 1997, Stephen J. Lozano, Jill V. Sharold

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Surveys of benthic macroinvertebrates conducted in Lake Ontario between 1994 and 1997 revealed a recent decline in Diporeia spp. (Amphipoda) abundance. The lowest population densities and summer biomass are in the eastern basin of the lake at all depths. Densities and biomass declined in the shallowest (10-50 m) depth zone between 1994 and 1997. Mean Diporeia spp. densities declined from 1412 m-2 to 1 m-2, and the total mean biomass declined from 0.66-g DW m-2 to 0.001 g-DW m-2. The latter represents an overall loss of about 5100 mt of biomass in the shallowest …

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Late-Holocene Flooding And Drought In The Northern Great Plains, Usa, Reconstructed From Tree Rings, Lake Sediments And Ancient Shorelines, M. D. Shapley, W. C. Johnson, D. R. Engstrom, W. R. Osterkamp Jan 2005

Late-Holocene Flooding And Drought In The Northern Great Plains, Usa, Reconstructed From Tree Rings, Lake Sediments And Ancient Shorelines, M. D. Shapley, W. C. Johnson, D. R. Engstrom, W. R. Osterkamp

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

During the AD 1990s the Waubay Lakes complex in eastern South Dakota experienced historically unprecedented high water levels. Property damage from this flooding led to an examination of the occurrence of past pluvial episodes and their relation to climate. A lOOO-year hydroclimate reconstruction was developed from local bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) tree-ring records and lake-sediment cores. Analysis of lake shoreline and drainage features provides late-Quaternary geomorphic context for this high-resolution record. Tree-ring width and shell geochemistry of the ostracode Candona rawsoni show marked coherence, indicating synchronous responses to moisture balance in vegetation and lake salinity; geomorphic evidence …

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Auditory Brainstem Responses In The Eastern Screech Owl: An Estimate Of Auditory Thresholds, Elizabeth F. Brittan-Powell, Bernard Lohr, D. Caldwell Hahn, Robert J. Dooling Jan 2005

Auditory Brainstem Responses In The Eastern Screech Owl: An Estimate Of Auditory Thresholds, Elizabeth F. Brittan-Powell, Bernard Lohr, D. Caldwell Hahn, Robert J. Dooling

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The auditory brainstem response (ABR), a measure of neural synchrony, was used to estimate auditory sensitivity in the eastern screech owl (Megascops asio). The typical screech owl ABR waveform showed two to three prominent peaks occurring within 5 ms of stimulus onset. As sound pressure levels increased, the ABR peak amplitude increased and latency decreased. With an increasing stimulus presentation rate, ABR peak amplitude decreased and latency increased. Generally, changes in the ABR waveform to stimulus intensity and repetition rate are consistent with the pattern found in several avian families. The ABR audiogram shows that screech owls hear best between …

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Acquisition And Evaluation Of Thermodynamic Data For Bieberite-Moorhouseite Equilibria At 0.1 Mpa, I-Ming Chou, Robert Seal Ii Jan 2005

Acquisition And Evaluation Of Thermodynamic Data For Bieberite-Moorhouseite Equilibria At 0.1 Mpa, I-Ming Chou, Robert Seal Ii

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Published estimates for the equilibrium relative humidity (RH) at 25 °C for the reaction: bieberite (CoSO4•7H2O) = moorhouseite (CoSO4•6H2O) + H2O, range from 69.8 to 74.5%. To evaluate these data, the humidity-buffer technique was used to determine equilibrium constants for this reaction between 14 and 43 °C at 0.1 MPa. Reversals along fi ve humidity-buffer curves yield ln K = 18.03–6509.43/T, where K is the equilibrium constant, and T is temperature in K. The derived standard Gibbs free energy of reaction is 9.43 kJ/mol, which agrees well with several previously …

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Geochemistry Of Sulfate Minerals In High- And Low-Temperature Environments: A Tribute To Robert O. Rye, Robert R. Seal Ii, John L. Jambor, Charles N. Alpers Jan 2005

Geochemistry Of Sulfate Minerals In High- And Low-Temperature Environments: A Tribute To Robert O. Rye, Robert R. Seal Ii, John L. Jambor, Charles N. Alpers

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

This special issue is a tribute to Robert O. Rye, known as "Bob" to most, in light of his highly productive and ongoing career. Almost all of the papers in this issue are derived from topical sessions on sulfate minerals in hydrothermal and low-temperature environments. The sessions, held at the 2000 Geological Society of America meeting in Reno, NV, and sponsored jointly by the Mineralogical Society of America, the Society of Economic Geologists and the Geochemical Society, included 29 oral and 9 poster presentations. The sessions complemented a short course on the crystallography, geochemistry and environmental significance of sulfate minerals, …

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Characterization Of Waste Rock Associated With Acid Drainage At The Penn Mine, California, By Ground-Based Visible To Short-Wave Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Assisted By Digital Mapping, Irene C. Montero S., George H. Brimhalla, Charles N. Alpers, Gregg A. Swayze Jan 2005

Characterization Of Waste Rock Associated With Acid Drainage At The Penn Mine, California, By Ground-Based Visible To Short-Wave Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Assisted By Digital Mapping, Irene C. Montero S., George H. Brimhalla, Charles N. Alpers, Gregg A. Swayze

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Prior to remediation at the abandoned Cu–Zn Penn Mine in the Foothills massive sulfide belt of the Sierra Nevada, CA, acid mine drainage (AMD) was created, in part, by the subaerial oxidation of sulfides exposed on several waste piles. To support remediation efforts, a mineralogical study of the waste piles was undertaken by acquiring reflectance spectra (measured in the visible to short-wave infrared range of light (0.35–2.5 μm) using a portable, digitally integrated pen tablet PC mapping system with differential global positioning system and laser rangefinder support. Analysis of the spectral data made use of a continuum removal and band-shape …

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Selenium Impactson Razorback Sucker, Colorado River, Colorado I. Adults, Steven J. Hamilton, Kathy M. Holley, Kevin J. Buhl, Fern A. Bullard, L. Ken Weston, Susan F. Mcdonald Jan 2005

Selenium Impactson Razorback Sucker, Colorado River, Colorado I. Adults, Steven J. Hamilton, Kathy M. Holley, Kevin J. Buhl, Fern A. Bullard, L. Ken Weston, Susan F. Mcdonald

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Adult razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) were exposed to various selenium concentrations in ponds and isolated river channels of the Colorado River near Grand Junction, CO, to determine effectson their growth and residue accumulation over an 11-month period. Adults at Horsethief ponds were fed a commercial diet, whereas fish at Adobe Creek channel and North Pond foraged on natural food items. Selenium concentrations at Horsethief were 2.2 μg/L in water, 0.1–1.4 μg/g in sediment, and 2.3–3.1 μg/g in food organisms (1.1 μg/g in commercial fish food), at Adobe Creek were 3.8 μg/L in water, 0.5–2.1 μg/g in sediment, and …

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Temporal Analysis Of The Frequency And Duration Of Low And High Streamflow: Years Of Record Needed To Characterize Streamflow Variability, Seungho Huh, David A. Dickey, M. R. Meador, K. E. Ruhl Jan 2005

Temporal Analysis Of The Frequency And Duration Of Low And High Streamflow: Years Of Record Needed To Characterize Streamflow Variability, Seungho Huh, David A. Dickey, M. R. Meador, K. E. Ruhl

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A temporal analysis of the number and duration of exceedences of high- and low-flow thresholds was conducted to determine the number of years required to detect a level shift using data from Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Two methods were used—ordinary least squares assuming a known error variance and generalized least squares without a known error variance. Using ordinary least squares, the mean number of years required to detect a one standard deviation level shift in measures of low-flow variability was 57.2 (28.6 on either side of the break), compared to 40.0 years for measures of high-flow variability. These …

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The Composition Of Coexisting Jarosite-Group Minerals And Water From The Richmond Mine, Iron Mountain, California, Heather E. Jamieson, Clare Robinson, Charles N. Alpers, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Alexei Poustovetov, Heather A. Lowers Jan 2005

The Composition Of Coexisting Jarosite-Group Minerals And Water From The Richmond Mine, Iron Mountain, California, Heather E. Jamieson, Clare Robinson, Charles N. Alpers, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Alexei Poustovetov, Heather A. Lowers

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Jarosite-group minerals accumulate in the form of stalactites and fine-grained mud on massive pyrite in the D drift of the Richmond mine, Iron Mountain, California. Water samples were collected by placing beakers under the dripping stalactites and by extracting pore water from the mud using a centrifuge. The water is rich in Fe3+ and SO42–, with a pH of approximately 2.1, which is significantly higher than the extremely acidic waters found elsewhere in the mine. Electron-microprobe analysis and X-ray mapping indicate that the small crystals (<10 μm in diameter) are compositionally zoned with respect to Na and K, and include hydronium jarosite corresponding to the formula (H3O)0.6K0.3Na0.1Fe3+3 …

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Conceptual Model Of Sediment Processes In The Upper Yuba River Watershed, Sierra Nevada, Ca, Jennifer A. Curtis, Lorraine E. Flint, Charles N. Alpers, Sarah M. Yarnell Jan 2005

Conceptual Model Of Sediment Processes In The Upper Yuba River Watershed, Sierra Nevada, Ca, Jennifer A. Curtis, Lorraine E. Flint, Charles N. Alpers, Sarah M. Yarnell

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

This study examines the development of a conceptual model of sediment processes in the upper Yuba River watershed; and we hypothesize how components of the conceptual model may be spatially distributed using a geographical information system (GIS). The conceptual model illustrates key processes controlling sediment dynamics in the upper Yuba River watershed and was tested and revised using field measurements, aerial photography, and low elevation videography. Field reconnaissance included mass wasting and channel storage inventories, assessment of annual channel change in upland tributaries, and evaluation of the relative importance of sediment sources and transport processes. Hillslope erosion rates throughout the …

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U-Pb Zircon Ages And Pb Isotope Geochemistry Of Gold Deposits In The Carolina Slate Belt Of South Carolina, R. A. Ayuso, J. L. Wooden, N. K. Foley, Robert R. Seal Ii, A. K. Sinha Jan 2005

U-Pb Zircon Ages And Pb Isotope Geochemistry Of Gold Deposits In The Carolina Slate Belt Of South Carolina, R. A. Ayuso, J. L. Wooden, N. K. Foley, Robert R. Seal Ii, A. K. Sinha

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Volcanic rocks of the Persimmon Fork Formation host the largest known gold mines of the Carolina slate belt. U-Pb (SHRIMP) zircon ages have been obtained from rocks closely associated with pyrite-enargite-gold deposits at Brewer (quartz-topaz rhyolite breccia from the argillic alteration zone in the Brewer pit and felsic ash-flow tuff from the quartz sericite alteration zone), from the disseminated and semimassive pyrite-gold deposits at Haile (crystal lithic rhyolitic ash-flow tuffs from the Champion pit), and from the Ridgeway deposit (felsic ash-flow tuff from the stratigraphic host of the North pit gold deposit). Generally, the zircons are fine grained, fractured, and …

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A Multilocus Population Genetic Survey Of The Greater Sage-Grouse Across Their Range, S. J. Oyler-Mccance, S.E. Taylor, T. W. Quinn Jan 2005

A Multilocus Population Genetic Survey Of The Greater Sage-Grouse Across Their Range, S. J. Oyler-Mccance, S.E. Taylor, T. W. Quinn

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The distribution and abundance of the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) have declined dramatically, and as a result the species has become the focus of conservation efforts. We conducted a range-wide genetic survey of the species which included 46 populations and over 1000 individuals using both mitochondria1 sequence data and data from seven nuclear microsatellites. Nested clade and STRUCTURE analyses revealed that, in general, the greater sage-grouse populations follow an isolation-by-distance model of restricted gene flow. This suggests that movements of the greater sage-grouse are typically among neighboring populations and not across the species, range. This may have important …

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Climate Change And Amphibians, P.S. Corn Jan 2005

Climate Change And Amphibians, P.S. Corn

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Amphibian life histories are exceedingly sensitive to temperature and precipitation, and there is good evidence that recent climate change has already resulted in a shift to breeding earlier in the year for some species. There are also suggestions that the recent increase in the occurrence of El Niño events has caused declines of anurans in Central America and is linked to elevated mortality of amphibian embryos in the northwestern United States. However, evidence linking amphibian declines in Central America to climate relies solely on correlations, and the mechanisms underlying the declines are not understood. Connections between embryo mortality and declines …

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High-Energy Effective Action From Scattering Of Qcd Shock Waves, Ian Balitsky Jan 2005

High-Energy Effective Action From Scattering Of Qcd Shock Waves, Ian Balitsky

Physics Faculty Publications

At high energies, the relevant degrees of freedom are Wilson lines—infinite gauge links ordered along straight lines collinear to the velocities of colliding particles. The effective action for these Wilson lines is determined by the scattering of QCD shock waves. I develop the symmetric expansion of the effective action in powers of strength of one of the shock waves and calculate the leading term of the series. The corresponding first-order effective action, symmetric with respect to projectile and target, includes both up and down fan diagrams and pomeron loops.

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Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Queen Anne’S County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss Jan 2005

Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Queen Anne’S County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss

Data

The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has generated Shoreline Situation Reports (SSRs) for coastal localities in the state of Maryland. This effort compliments a parallel effort in Virginia by the same group. SSRs were developed by VIMS in the 1970s for Virginia and have been the foundation for shoreline management planning in Tidewater Virginia ever since. CCRM has developed new protocols for collecting, disseminating, and reporting data relevant to shoreline management issues using state of the art mapping and remote sensing techniques. New SSRs are being generated on a county by …

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A Geometric Characterization: Complex Ellipsoids And The Bochner-Martinelli Kernel, Michael Bolt Jan 2005

A Geometric Characterization: Complex Ellipsoids And The Bochner-Martinelli Kernel, Michael Bolt

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Boas' characterization of bounded domains for which the Bochner-Martinelli kernel is self-adjoint is extended to the case of a weighted measure. For strictly convex domains, this equivalently characterizes the ones whose Leray-Aǐzenberg kernel is self-adjoint with respect to weighted measure. In each case, the domains are complex linear images of a ball, and the measure is the Fefferman measure. The Leray-Aǐzenberg kernel for a strictly convex hypersurface in ℂn is shown to be Möbius invariant when defined with respect to Fefferman measure. © 2005 University of Illinois.

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Ua56/1 Fact Book, Wku Institutional Research Jan 2005

Ua56/1 Fact Book, Wku Institutional Research

WKU Archives Records

Statistical and demographic profile of WKU.

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Phase Transition In Single Crystal Cs2nb4o11, Jianjun Liu, E. P. Kharitonova, Chun-Gang Duan, Wai-Ning Mei, Robert W. Smith, John R. Hardy Jan 2005

Phase Transition In Single Crystal Cs2nb4o11, Jianjun Liu, E. P. Kharitonova, Chun-Gang Duan, Wai-Ning Mei, Robert W. Smith, John R. Hardy

Physics Faculty Publications

We studied temperature dependence of complex capacitance, impedance, and polarized Raman spectra of single crystal Cs2Nb4O11. First, we observed a sharp λ-shaped peak at 165 °C in the complex capacitance, then found drastic changes in the Raman spectra in the same temperature range. Utilizing the pseudosymmetry search of structure space group, we attributed the observed anomalies to a structural change from the room temperature orthorhombic Pnn2 to another orthorhombic Imm2. We also measured room temperature polarized Raman spectra in different symmetries of normal vibrations and assigned high wavenumber Raman bands to the …

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(Μ-Diazenediyldiphenyl-Κ2c2, N2: Κ2c2′, N1) Bis [(3, 5-Dimethylphenyl) Tellurium (Ii)]., Prabodhika R. Mallikaratchy, Richard E. Norman, Frank R. Fronczek, Thomas Junk Jan 2005

(Μ-Diazenediyldiphenyl-Κ2c2, N2: Κ2c2′, N1) Bis [(3, 5-Dimethylphenyl) Tellurium (Ii)]., Prabodhika R. Mallikaratchy, Richard E. Norman, Frank R. Fronczek, Thomas Junk

Publications and Research

The title compound, C28H26N2Te2, prepared by reduction of (3,5-dimethylphenyl)(2-nitrophenyl)tellurium(II), is the first structurally characterized example of an azo group bridging two TeII centers. The compound is centrosymmetric and the Te—N distance [2.6916 (19) A ° ] is longer than in non-bridging azo compounds.

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Existence, Uniqueness And Constructive Results For Delay Differential Equations, Paul W. Eloe, Youssef N. Raffoul, Christopher C. Tisdell Jan 2005

Existence, Uniqueness And Constructive Results For Delay Differential Equations, Paul W. Eloe, Youssef N. Raffoul, Christopher C. Tisdell

Mathematics Faculty Publications

Here, we investigate boundary-value problems (BVPs) for systems of second-order, ordinary, delay-differential equations. We introduce some differential inequalities such that all solutions (and their derivatives) to a certain family of BVPs satisfy some a priori bounds. The results are then applied, in conjunction with topological arguments, to prove the existence of solutions. We then apply earlier abstract theory of Petryshyn to formulate some constructive results under which solutions to BVPs for systems of second-order, ordinary, delay-differential equations are A-solvable and may be approximated via a Galerkin method. Finally, we provide some differential inequalities such that solutions to our equations are …

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Convergent Sequences Of Composition Operators, Valentin Matache Jan 2005

Convergent Sequences Of Composition Operators, Valentin Matache

Mathematics Faculty Publications

Composition operators Cφ on the Hilbert Hardy space H² over the unit disk are considered.

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Mass-To-Light Ratio Gradients In Early-Type Galaxy Haloes, N. R. Napolitano, M. Capaccioli, Aaron J. Romanowsky, N. G. Douglas, M. R. Merrifield, K. Kuijken, M. Arnaboldi, O. Gerhard, K. C. Freeman Jan 2005

Mass-To-Light Ratio Gradients In Early-Type Galaxy Haloes, N. R. Napolitano, M. Capaccioli, Aaron J. Romanowsky, N. G. Douglas, M. R. Merrifield, K. Kuijken, M. Arnaboldi, O. Gerhard, K. C. Freeman

Aaron J. Romanowsky

Owing to the fact that the near future should see a rapidly expanding set of probes of the halo masses of individual early-type galaxies, we introduce a convenient parameter for characterizing the halo masses from both observational and theoretical results: ∇ℓϒ, the logarithmic radial gradient of the mass-to-light ratio. Using halo density profiles from Λ-cold dark matter (CDM) simulations, we derive predictions for this gradient for various galaxy luminosities and star formation efficiencies εSF. As a pilot study, we assemble the available ∇ℓϒ data from kinematics in early-type galaxies – representing the first unbiased study of halo masses in a …

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Characterization Of The Electronic Excited-State Energetics And Solution Structure Of Lanthanide(Iii) Complexes With The Polypyridine Ligand 6,6'-Bis[Bis(2-Pyridylmethyl)Aminomethyl]-2,2'-Bipyridine, Gilles Muller, P. Gawryszewska, J. Sokolnicki, A. Dossing, J. P. Riehl, J. Legendziewicz Jan 2005

Characterization Of The Electronic Excited-State Energetics And Solution Structure Of Lanthanide(Iii) Complexes With The Polypyridine Ligand 6,6'-Bis[Bis(2-Pyridylmethyl)Aminomethyl]-2,2'-Bipyridine, Gilles Muller, P. Gawryszewska, J. Sokolnicki, A. Dossing, J. P. Riehl, J. Legendziewicz

Gilles Muller

Absorption, emission, and excitation spectra for solid-state and solution of Tb(III), Dy(III), and Gd(III) complexes with the polypyridine ligand 6,6‘-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-aminomethyl]-2,2‘-bipyridine (C36H34N8) are presented. Measurements of excited-state lifetimes and quantum yields in various solvents at room temperature and 77 K are also reported and used to characterize the excited-state energetics of this system. Special attention is given to the characterization of metal-to-ligand energy transfer efficiency and mechanisms. The measurement of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) from the solution of the Dy(III) complex following circularly polarized excitation confirms the chiral structure of the complexes under study. No CPL is present in the luminescence …

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Reduced Macrophage Apoptosis Is Associated With Accelerated Atherosclerosis In Low-Denstiy Lipoprotein Receptor-Null Mice, Michael Sinensky, J. Liu, D. P. Thweke, Y. R. Su, M. F. Linton, S. Fazio Jan 2005

Reduced Macrophage Apoptosis Is Associated With Accelerated Atherosclerosis In Low-Denstiy Lipoprotein Receptor-Null Mice, Michael Sinensky, J. Liu, D. P. Thweke, Y. R. Su, M. F. Linton, S. Fazio

Michael Sinensky

Objective— The majority of apoptotic cells in atherosclerotic lesions are macrophages. However, the pathogenic role of macrophage apoptosis in the development of atherosclerosis remains unclear. Elevated expression of Bax, one of the pivotal proapoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family, has been found in human atherosclerotic plaques. Activation of Bax also occurs in free cholesterol-loaded and oxysterol-treated mouse macrophages. In this study, we examined the effect of Bax deficiency in bone marrow-derived leukocytes on the development of atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-null (LDLR−/−) mice. Methods and Results— Fourteen 8-week-old male LDLR−/− mice were lethally irradiated and reconstituted with either wild-type (WT) …

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A Recommended Communicable Disease Surveillance And Control Network To Secure A Healthy And Happy Olympic Game, Ping Yu, Hui Yu Jan 2005

A Recommended Communicable Disease Surveillance And Control Network To Secure A Healthy And Happy Olympic Game, Ping Yu, Hui Yu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Accurate surveillance and timely control o f the potential outbreak o f infectious diseases is an integral component for organizing big sport events such as Olympics. It relates to the health and safety o f all o f the event participants, the stability o f the society and the credibility o f the event organizing committee and the country in which the event is hold. The current advancement o f information and communication technology (ICT) provides a great opportunity fo r fast aggregation o f huge amount o f relevant data, accurate analysis and assessment to identify potential epidemics, fast …

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A Collaborative Approach To Health Informatics Capacity Building - Learning From Canadian Practice In Fostering Research And Education, Ping Yu, Marilynne Herbert, Francis Lau Jan 2005

A Collaborative Approach To Health Informatics Capacity Building - Learning From Canadian Practice In Fostering Research And Education, Ping Yu, Marilynne Herbert, Francis Lau

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: Canada and Australia share two priority areas for HI workforce capacity building: to support research and education. This presentation will discuss a collaborative, nationwide health informatics (HI) PhD/Postdoc training program in Canada, which demonstrates a potential solution to meet these priorities. The status of HI higher education in Australia is briefly reviewed. The potential solution in resolving workforce shortage in Australia through adopting overseas practice is discussed, such as implementing a similar collaborative HI research training program across the country. Background: A Think Tank organized by Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing in 2003 explored the issue of HI …

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The Illawarra Beaches 1900-1945: A Place To Become Bronzed, Christine Metusela Jan 2005

The Illawarra Beaches 1900-1945: A Place To Become Bronzed, Christine Metusela

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

It was not until the early 1900s that the Australian beach first emerged as a western recreational space. Swimming (known as surf bathing) became a legalised practice, surf lifesaving became institutionalised and activities such as surfing were introduced; all things that make up an important part of Australian culture today. This article examines the emergence of the surf lifesaving movement in the lllawarra between 1900 and 1945. By analysing surf club records the beach space can be seen as a place that has been 'made' and socially constructed. The surf lifesaving discourse brings insights into the beach making processes and …

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Synthesis, Modeling, And Characterization Of Conducting Polymers, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Lianbin Zhao, Weihua Li, Yanzhe Wu, Dezhi Zhou, Gordon G. Wallace Jan 2005

Synthesis, Modeling, And Characterization Of Conducting Polymers, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Lianbin Zhao, Weihua Li, Yanzhe Wu, Dezhi Zhou, Gordon G. Wallace

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

This paper presents synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole based conducting polymers in terms of electronic and mechanical disciplines. Using the electrochemical polymerization approach, conducting polymer samples with different dimensions (length, width, and thickness) was fabricated. For each sample, both sinusoidal and step excitations were used to study its mechanical and electrical properties. An equivalent electric circuit based on constant phase element (CPE) is proposed to model such responses. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method was used to identify the relationship between the dimensions of conducting polymers and model elements parameters.

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Distributed Generation Opportunity Under Availability Based Tariff And Reliability Considerations, Ashish Agalgaonkar, S. Khaparde, S. Kulkarni, S. Soman Jan 2005

Distributed Generation Opportunity Under Availability Based Tariff And Reliability Considerations, Ashish Agalgaonkar, S. Khaparde, S. Kulkarni, S. Soman

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Availability Based Tariff (ABT) has been implemented in all the regional grids of India for improving grid discipline by frequency dependent pricing. Currently it is limited to short-term energy transactions between the beneficiary States and Central generating stations without the need for negotiations on price or quantum in real time. In the present scenario, Independent Power Producers (IPP), Captive Power Plants (CPP), small Distributed Generation (DG) like mini-turbine, fuel cell, etc., are not considered under ABT. DG units are normally modular in size and they can be placed close to consumers so as to reduce the T&D costs and losses. …

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Performance Of Java Middleware - Java Rmi, Jaxrpc, And Corba, N. A. B. Gray Jan 2005

Performance Of Java Middleware - Java Rmi, Jaxrpc, And Corba, N. A. B. Gray

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Developers of distributed Java systems can now choose among Java-RMI, CORBA, and Web-Service (JAXRPC) middleware technologies. Performance is one factor that has to be considered in choosing the appropriate technology for a particular application. The results presented in this paper show that the nature of response data has a greater impact on relative performance than has been allowed for in most previous studies. Relative performances of the technologies as measured on simple requests and responses are not representative of the behaviour that can be expected in practical applications.

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