Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Open Access Articles

Climate In The Balance, Cameron P. Wake

The University Dialogue

This essay explores how our climate system works, how humans are changing the climate system, and how we might face the challenges of reducing our negative impact on the climate system in the future.

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Correlation Between Energetic Ion Enhancements And Heliospheric Current Sheet Crossings In The Outer Heliosphere, John D. Richardson, Edward C. Stone, Ace C. Cummings, Justin C. Kasper, Ming Zhang, Leonard F. Burlaga, Nudel F. Ness, Ying Liu

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

Voyagers 1 and 2 observed highly-variable beams of energetic ions in the foreshock region upstream of the termination shock (TS). At Voyager 2 (V2), the ion intensities are generally not related to the plasma properties. At Voyager 1 (V1), the beams are often coincident with crossings of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). The V1 intensity peaks occur when the HCS is crossed from negative to positive magnetic polarities and V1 is within a few AU of the TS. Two mechanisms are considered: current sheet drift and streaming of ions from the TS along magnetic field lines which are parallel to …

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The Rapidly Pulsating Subdwarf B Star Pg 1325+101 I. Oscillation Modes From Multisite Observations, R Silvotti, T D. Oswalt, Mark J. Rudkin, Kyle B. Johnston

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

In this article we present the results of 215 h of time-series photometry on the rapidly pulsating subdwarf B star PG 1325+101 (Teff - 35 000 K, log g = 5.8, log N(Hs)/N(H) = -1.7), obtained during 25 days of observation in Spring 2003 from nine different sites. As in previous observations, the temporal spectrum is dominated by the main peak at 7255.55 μHz, with an amplitude of about 2.7% which, however, is dropped to about 1.7% in February 2005. No secondary peaks close to the dominant pulsation mode are clearly detected. In addition, at least fourteen more pulsation frequencies …

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Probabilisticmodel-Based Cell Tracking, Nezamoddin Nezamoddini-Kachouie, Paul Fieguth, Eric Jervis

Mathematics and System Engineering Faculty Publications

The study of cell behavior is of crucial importance in drug and disease research. The fields of bioinformatics and biotechnology rely on the collection, processing, and analysis of huge numbers of biocellular images, including cell features such as cell size, shape, and motility. However manual methods of inferring these values are so onerous that automated methods of cell tracking and segmentation are in high demand. In this paper, a novel model-based cell tracker is designed to locate and track individual cells. The proposed cell tracker has been successfully applied to track hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) based on identified cell locations …

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On A Class Of Two-Point Boundary Value Problems With Singular Boundary Conditions, Ravi P. Agarwal, To Fu Ma

Mathematics and System Engineering Faculty Publications

A new existence theory for a class of second order two-point boundary value problems with nonlinear boundary conditions which can blow up in finite intervals is established. The proofs are based on the dual variational principle and the critical point theory.

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A Positive Solution For Singular Discrete Boundary Value Problems With Sign-Changing Nonlinearities, Haishen Lü, Donal O'Regan, Ravi P. Agarwal

Mathematics and System Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper presents new existence results for the singular discrete boundary value problem - Δ²u(k - 1) = g(k, u(k)) + λh(k,u(k)), k ∈ [1,T], u(0) = 0 = u(T + 1). In particular, our nonlinearity may be singular in its dependent variable and is allowed to change sign.

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The Rapidly Pulsating Subdwarf B Star Pg 1325+101 Ii. Structural Parameters From Asteroseismology, Stéphane Charpinet, T D. Oswalt, Mark J. Rudkin, Kyle B. Johnston

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

We present a detailed analysis of the rapidly pulsating subdwarf B star (or EC14026 star) PG 1325+101. This analysis exploits the outcome of dedicated multisite observations using time-series photometry that revealed the presence of (at least) 15 periodicities in the luminosity modulation of this star (Silvotti et al. 2006, A&A, 459, 557, Paper I). Based on high-S/N, medium-resolution spectra obtained at the Steward Observatory's 2.3 m Telescope and at the 6.5 m MMT Telescope, new NLTE spectroscopic derivations of the atmospheric parameters of PG 1325+101 are presented. The mean values of T eff = 35 050 ± 220 K, log …

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Energetics Of Magnetic Storms Driven By Corotating Interaction Regions: A Study Of Geoeffectiveness, Niescja E. Turner, E J. Mitchell, D J. Knipp, B A. Emery

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research

We investigate the energetics of magnetic storms associated with corotating interaction regions (CIRs). We analyze 24 storms driven by CIRs and compare to 18 driven by ejecta-related events to determine how they differ in overall properties and in particular in their distribution of energy. To compare these different types of events, we look at events with comparable input parameters such as the epsilon parameter and note the properties of the resulting storms. We estimate the energy output by looking at the ring current energy along with ionospheric Joule heating derived from the PC and Dst indices. We also include the …

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Analysis Of A Model For The Treatment Of Wastewater By The Activated Sludge Process, Simon D. Watt, Harvinder S. Sidhu, Mark I. Nelson

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We investigate a model for the treatment of wastewater in the activated sludge process. This process is based on the aeration of waste water with flocculating biological growth, followed by the separation of treated waste water from biological growth. Part of this growth is then wasted, and the remainder is returned to the system. The wastewater reactor is assumed to be well mixed, so the mathematical formulation for this process can be represented by a continuously stirred tank reactor with recycle. This system is analysed by combining steady-state analysis with path-following techniques. In practice, wastewater is treated by a sequence …

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Orbiting Buckyballs Inside Nanotori, Tamsyn A. Hilder, James M. Hill

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

The discovery of carbon nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes and the so-called buckyballs (or C60 fullerenes), have generated considerable interest for potential nanomechanical device applications. One such device is the high frequency nanoscale gigahertz oscillator. A number of studies investigating these oscillators find that sliding an inner-shell inside an outer-shell of a multi-walled carbon nanotube can generate oscillatory frequencies in the gigahertz range. It is found that the oscillation is sensitive to diameter and helicity of the tube and that the inner tube length can be used to tune the frequency, where the buckyball provides the highest frequency. More recently, …

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Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Process: Performance Comparison Between A Two-Reactor Cascade And A Single Tank, Harvinder S. Sidhu, Simon D. Watt, Mark I. Nelson

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We Investigate a model for the treatment of wastewater in the activated sludge process. The process is based on the aeration of wastewater with flocculating biological growth, followed by the separation of treated wastewater from biological growth. Part of this growth is wasted, and the remainder returned to the system. The biochemical model consists of two types of bacteria, sludge bacteria and sewage bacteria, and two types of ciliated protozoa, free-swimming ciliates and ciliates attached to sludge floes. A combination of steady-state analysis, path following techniques and numerical integration of the governing equations are used to study the dynamics of …

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The Emerging Ethics Of Humancentric Gps Tracking And Monitoring, Katina Michael, Andrew Mcnamee, M G. Michael

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is increasingly being adopted by private and public enterprise to track and monitor humans for location-based services (LBS). Some of these applications include personal locators for children, the elderly or those suffering from Alzheimer's or memory loss, and the monitoring of parolees for law enforcement, security or personal protection purposes. The continual miniaturization of the GPS chipset means that receivers can take the form of wristwatches, mini mobiles and bracelets, with the ability to pinpoint the longitude and latitude of a subject 24/7/365. This paper employs usability context analyses to draw out the emerging ethical …

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Authenticated Aodv Routing Protocol Using One-Time Signature And Transitive Signature Schemes, Shidi Xu, Yi Mu, Willy Susilo

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) has been generally regarded as an ideal network model for group communications because of its specialty of instant establishment. However, the security of MANET is still a challenge issue. Although there are some existing security schemes such as ARAN (Authenticated Routing for Ad hoc Networks) protocol that makes use of cryptographic certificate to provide end-to-end authentication during routing phases, the overhead of security computation is still a serious hurdle for real application. In this paper, we propose a comparatively efficient scheme to perform ARAN protocol, based on AODV, by using one-time signature in place of …

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Exploiting Time Diversity To Improve Block Spread Ofdm, Ibrahim S. Raad, Xiaojing Huang

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper presents a new method to improve on block spread OFDM by exploiting time diversity to ensure that the blocks are independent and uncorrelated. Simulation results have shown significant improvement over conventional OFDM and Block Spread OFDM.

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Study Of Spread Codes With Block Spread Ofdm, Ibrahim S. Raad, Xiaojing Huang, Darryn Lowe

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper presents the study undertaken with block spread OFDM and compares three spreading matrices. The matrices include the Hadamard, Rotated Hadamard and Mutually Orthogonal Complementary Sets of Sequences (MOCSS). The study is carried out for block lengths of M = 2, M = 4 and M = 8 and it shows that all the spreading matrices show improvement and a better performance over the conventional OFDM over frequency selective channel as expected. As the size of M increased the spreading matrices which have better orthogonal qualities show greater improvement.

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Face Classification With Ultrasonic Sensing, Phillip J. Mckerrow, Kok Kai Yoong

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

The echo of a chirp of ultrasonic energy from an object contains information about the geometry of that object: relative depth of surfaces and approximate area of those surfaces. A human face has complex geometry that produces a distinctive echo. In this paper, we report initial research into whether there is sufficient information in the echo to recognize a face. Potential features for classification are identified using a facial model. The classification results are poor, but encourage future research to find better quality features.

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Landmark Navigation With Fuzzy Logic, Sherine M. Antoun, Phillip J. Mckerrow

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Our previous research emulated aeroplane navigation for dead reckoning flight in reasonable weather conditions. In this research, we propose to tackle navigation in a more realistic environment for a mobile robot by modelling it on the case of a tourist in an unfamiliar village. When lost tourists use a variety of strategies to reacquire the path. Here we will emulate these to navigate a mobile robot. We will attempt to develop an intelligent controller, which copes with imprecise inputs, to achieve its commanded tasks safely. The controller will make use of fuzzy logic to make decisions based on data stored …

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Electronic Commerce Adoption Barriers In Indonesian Small Medium-Sized Enterprises (Smes): An Exploratory Study, Mira Kartiwi, Robert Macgregor, Deborah Bunker

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This research seeks to explore and detect underlying relationships between identifiable barriers of electronic commerce (ecommerce) adoption in Indonesian small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). A quantitative pilot study was conducted through a mail survey to collect the relevant data from several cities in three provinces in Indonesia, namely West Java, Bali and DKI Jakarta. The inter-correlations among the barriers influential to the e-commerce adoption decision demanded the application of principal component analysis to determine the factors perceived to dictate e-commerce adoption decision outcomes. The results of the analysis indicate that correlations between the barriers do exist and that the barriers can …

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Small Business Adoption Of E-Commerce: A Comparison Of B2b And B2c Businesses, Robert Macgregor, Deborah Bunker, Lejla Vrazalic

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper examines why both B2B and B2C small businesses adopt of E-commerce. It provides an examination of the association between B2B/B2C adoption and other organizational and managerial factors by questioning small business managers about business sector, market focus, gender of the CEO and educational level of the CEO. It also examines the groupings and priorities of criteria used in the decision-making process to adopt E-commerce, to determine whether differences exist between those small businesses that operate primarily in a B2B mode and those that operate primarily in a B2C mode.

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Constant-Size Id-Based Linkable And Revocable-Iff-Linked Ring Signature, Man Ho Allen Au, Joseph K. Liu, Willy Susilo, Tsz Hon Yuen

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

In this paper, we propose a new notion called Revocable-iff-Linked Ring Signature (R-iff-L Ring Signature). In R-iff-L ring signatures, a signer can sign on behalf of the whole group, just like ordinary ring signatures. However, if he signs twice or more, he can be linked and his identity can be revoked by everyone. We formally define a new security model for the new notion in identity-based (ID-based) setting and propose a constant-size ID-based construction, that is, the size of the signature is independent of the size of the group. In addition, we enhance the security model of ID-based linkable ring …

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Constant-Size Dynamic K-Taa, Man Ho Allen Au, Willy Susilo, Yi Mu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

k-times anonymous authentication (k-TAA) schemes allow members of a group to be authenticated anonymously by application providers for a bounded number of times. Dynamic k-TAA allows application providers to independently grant or revoke users from their own access group so as to provide better control over their clients. In terms of time and space complexity, existing dynamic k-TAA schemes are of complexities O(k), where k is the allowed number of authentication. In this paper, we construct a dynamic k-TAA scheme with space and time complexities of O(log(k)). We also outline how to construct dynamic k-TAA scheme with a constant proving …

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A Parallel Key Generation Algorithm For Efficient Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement, Yun Chen, Xin Chen, Yi Mu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

The kernel function of the Diffie-Hellman (DH) protocol is a modular exponentiation over finite field with high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a novel key generation algorithm for DH agreement that derives computational efficiency from constructing a parallel architecture. Compared to the serial structure for traditional binary representation (BR) method, our algorithm is significantly more efficiency on key generation and suitable for hardware implementation in an ephemeral-static mode for DH agreement which is thought to be more secure (Rosorla, 1999)

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Server-Aided Public Key Generation Protocols On Low-Power Devices For Ad-Hoc Networks, Yun Chen, Weijian Chen, Yi Mu, Xin Chen, Min Liu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Against the problems emerged in protocols presented by N. Modadugu, D.Boneh and M. Kim (2000), new server-aided public key generation protocols on low-power devices are proposed in this paper. The protocols are secure against some passive attacks, such as "collusion attack" and "the third party attack". In addition, efficiency of primality test on low-power devices is improved in this paper. Prospective applications of the protocols would be found in mobile e-commence, mobile ad-hoc, and military communications.

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An Efficient Approach To Generic Multimedia Adaptation, Joseph Thomas-Kerr, I. Burnett, Christian Ritz

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper addresses efficiency issues identified in the Bitstream Syntax Description Language used by the MPEG-21 generic multimedia adaptation framework. In particular, when used to adapt modern content formats such as H.264/AVC, the time required for processing increases exponentially relative to the duration of the bitstream. In response, the paper proposes several additional features for the Bitstream Syntax Description Language which reduce the complexity of adaptation using BSDL to a linear function of bitstream duration. These features are implemented and validated using bitstreams of real-world length.

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Buyer Preferences For Outsourced Logistics Services (3pl), Tim R. Coltman, Kate Hughes, Timothy M. Devinney, Stuart M. Whiting

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Most work on supply chain design begins with cost, delivery time, quality and efficiency and frequently ignores the human factor interacting with that decision. In this study we explore the relative importance of various supply chain product components to reveal the decision-making trade-off that occurs when buyers select an outsourced service provider. Our research approach overcomes many of the limitations seen in prior studies that rely on simple rankings by survey respondents by identifying directly the customer’s utility for different service provider attributes. The results confirm the importance of various performance-level attributes and point us towards a new set of …

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Relative Cuntz-Krieger Algebras Of Finitely Aligned Higher-Rank Graphs, Aidan Sims

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We define the relative Cuntz-Krieger algebras associated to finitely aligned higher-rank graphs. We prove versions of the gauge-invariant uniqueness theorem and the Cuntz-Krieger uniqueness theorem for relative Cuntz-Krieger algebras.

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Direct Sequence Modified Time Hopping Ppm Over Ultra Wideband S-V Channel, Peter James Vial, Beata J. Wysocki, Tadeusz A. Wysocki

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

A three position Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) scheme is proposed for a Direct Sequence Time Hopping Ultra Wideband wireless communication system. The channel is based on the Saleh-Valenzuela model. We show that by adapting the Space Time Spreading technique to use three pulse positions in a single input single output system representing -2,0,2 an improvement in Bit Error Rate is achieved compared to sending the same bits using two pulse positions only. In addition, the bit access rate is doubled as two bits can be successfully sent in the same time using our proposed system.

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Community Websites And What Makes Them Sustainable: Evidence From Australia, Alison Norris, Mark B. Freeman

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Australia is leading the way in promoting the use of the Internet as a means of strengthening local communities. The Australian Domain Name Authority (auDA) has announced the release of Community Geographic Domain Names (CGDN), to be solely used by not-for-profit, self-funded local community groups. As Australian communities attempt to establish a management group and develop a website under this concept, they are faced with a range of issues. Longitudinal case study research has been conducted on three communities involved in a trial of the CGDN model, in the first research of this type. Based on data collected from the …

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Usability Of Online Grocery Systems: A Focus On Errors, Mark B. Freeman, Alison Norris, P. Hyland

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Recording of errors in regards to the usability of systems has traditionally focused on safety-critical systems and business support systems. This study applies Zapf et al.'s 'Taxonomy of Errors' to a non-work related context, an Online Grocery System. The taxonomy was found to show that similar types of errors were made by all users of such systems. However, the number of errors that were recorded by different user groups varied. This finding was in contrast to previous studies, and supported the common perception that beginner users make a greater number of errors than more experienced users.

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General Design Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Models, Yihua Zhao, John Staudenmayer, Brent Coull, M. Wand

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Linear mixed models are able to handle an extraordinary range of complications in regression-type analyses. Their most common use is to account for within-subject correlation in longitudinal data analysis. They are also the standard vehicle for smoothing spatial count data. However, when treated in full generality, mixed models can also handle spline-type smoothing and closely approximate kriging. This allows for nonparametric regression models (e.g., additive models and varying coefficient models) to be handled within the mixed model framework. The key is to allow the ran dom effects design matrix to have general structure; hence our label general design. For continuous …

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Climate In The Balance, Cameron P. Wake

The University Dialogue

Correlation Between Energetic Ion Enhancements And Heliospheric Current Sheet Crossings In The Outer Heliosphere, John D. Richardson, Edward C. Stone, Ace C. Cummings, Justin C. Kasper, Ming Zhang, Leonard F. Burlaga, Nudel F. Ness, Ying Liu

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The Rapidly Pulsating Subdwarf B Star Pg 1325+101 I. Oscillation Modes From Multisite Observations, R Silvotti, T D. Oswalt, Mark J. Rudkin, Kyle B. Johnston

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

Probabilisticmodel-Based Cell Tracking, Nezamoddin Nezamoddini-Kachouie, Paul Fieguth, Eric Jervis

Mathematics and System Engineering Faculty Publications

On A Class Of Two-Point Boundary Value Problems With Singular Boundary Conditions, Ravi P. Agarwal, To Fu Ma

Mathematics and System Engineering Faculty Publications

A Positive Solution For Singular Discrete Boundary Value Problems With Sign-Changing Nonlinearities, Haishen Lü, Donal O'Regan, Ravi P. Agarwal

Mathematics and System Engineering Faculty Publications

The Rapidly Pulsating Subdwarf B Star Pg 1325+101 Ii. Structural Parameters From Asteroseismology, Stéphane Charpinet, T D. Oswalt, Mark J. Rudkin, Kyle B. Johnston

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

Energetics Of Magnetic Storms Driven By Corotating Interaction Regions: A Study Of Geoeffectiveness, Niescja E. Turner, E J. Mitchell, D J. Knipp, B A. Emery

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research

Analysis Of A Model For The Treatment Of Wastewater By The Activated Sludge Process, Simon D. Watt, Harvinder S. Sidhu, Mark I. Nelson

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Orbiting Buckyballs Inside Nanotori, Tamsyn A. Hilder, James M. Hill

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Process: Performance Comparison Between A Two-Reactor Cascade And A Single Tank, Harvinder S. Sidhu, Simon D. Watt, Mark I. Nelson

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

The Emerging Ethics Of Humancentric Gps Tracking And Monitoring, Katina Michael, Andrew Mcnamee, M G. Michael

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Authenticated Aodv Routing Protocol Using One-Time Signature And Transitive Signature Schemes, Shidi Xu, Yi Mu, Willy Susilo

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Exploiting Time Diversity To Improve Block Spread Ofdm, Ibrahim S. Raad, Xiaojing Huang

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Study Of Spread Codes With Block Spread Ofdm, Ibrahim S. Raad, Xiaojing Huang, Darryn Lowe

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Face Classification With Ultrasonic Sensing, Phillip J. Mckerrow, Kok Kai Yoong

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Landmark Navigation With Fuzzy Logic, Sherine M. Antoun, Phillip J. Mckerrow

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Electronic Commerce Adoption Barriers In Indonesian Small Medium-Sized Enterprises (Smes): An Exploratory Study, Mira Kartiwi, Robert Macgregor, Deborah Bunker

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Small Business Adoption Of E-Commerce: A Comparison Of B2b And B2c Businesses, Robert Macgregor, Deborah Bunker, Lejla Vrazalic

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Constant-Size Id-Based Linkable And Revocable-Iff-Linked Ring Signature, Man Ho Allen Au, Joseph K. Liu, Willy Susilo, Tsz Hon Yuen

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Constant-Size Dynamic K-Taa, Man Ho Allen Au, Willy Susilo, Yi Mu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

A Parallel Key Generation Algorithm For Efficient Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement, Yun Chen, Xin Chen, Yi Mu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Server-Aided Public Key Generation Protocols On Low-Power Devices For Ad-Hoc Networks, Yun Chen, Weijian Chen, Yi Mu, Xin Chen, Min Liu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

An Efficient Approach To Generic Multimedia Adaptation, Joseph Thomas-Kerr, I. Burnett, Christian Ritz

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Buyer Preferences For Outsourced Logistics Services (3pl), Tim R. Coltman, Kate Hughes, Timothy M. Devinney, Stuart M. Whiting

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Relative Cuntz-Krieger Algebras Of Finitely Aligned Higher-Rank Graphs, Aidan Sims

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Direct Sequence Modified Time Hopping Ppm Over Ultra Wideband S-V Channel, Peter James Vial, Beata J. Wysocki, Tadeusz A. Wysocki

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Community Websites And What Makes Them Sustainable: Evidence From Australia, Alison Norris, Mark B. Freeman

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Usability Of Online Grocery Systems: A Focus On Errors, Mark B. Freeman, Alison Norris, P. Hyland

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

General Design Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Models, Yihua Zhao, John Staudenmayer, Brent Coull, M. Wand

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)