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2006

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Articles 4651 - 4680 of 5872

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Development Of A Submerged Membrane Fungi Reactor For Textile Wastewater Treatment, Faisal I. Hai, Kazuo Yamamoto, Kensuke Fukushi Jan 2006

Development Of A Submerged Membrane Fungi Reactor For Textile Wastewater Treatment, Faisal I. Hai, Kazuo Yamamoto, Kensuke Fukushi

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

A submerged microfiltration membrane bioreactor implementing the white-rot fungus Coriolus versicolor was developed for the treatment of textile dye wastewater following explorations with different fouling-prevention techniques. The optimum combination ensuring permeate quality and precluding membrane fouling comprises of placing a bundle of hollow fibers within a non-woven coarse-pore (50–200 μm) mesh cage, so as to avoid direct deposition of sludge onto it, together with arrangements for its periodic high-pressure back-washing (3 s/10 min) and chemical back-flushing (100 ml/m2, every third day). Under controlled temperature (29±1°C) and pH (4.5±0.2), and applied HRT and an average flux of 15 h and 0.021 …

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Annotated Records Of The Greater Glider, Petauroides Volans, From The Victorian Naturalist 1884-2005, K Shane Maloney, Jamie M. Harris Jan 2006

Annotated Records Of The Greater Glider, Petauroides Volans, From The Victorian Naturalist 1884-2005, K Shane Maloney, Jamie M. Harris

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

A survey of The Victorian Naturalist was undertaken for records of the Greater Glider Petauroides volans. This report compiles around 52 distribution records, and summarises naturalists’ observations of the animal’s behaviour and feeding. Those concerned with the ecology and conservation of arboreal marsupials generally, and the Greater Glider in particular, should find this work useful as it compiles many interesting and important records of this the largest and most conspicuous of the gliding possums.

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Membrane Coupled Fungi Reactor - An Innovative Approach To Bioremediation Of Hazardous Dye Wastewater, Faisal I. Hai, Kazuo Yamamoto, Kensuke Fukushi Jan 2006

Membrane Coupled Fungi Reactor - An Innovative Approach To Bioremediation Of Hazardous Dye Wastewater, Faisal I. Hai, Kazuo Yamamoto, Kensuke Fukushi

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Virtually all the known physico-chemical and biological techniques have been explored for treatment of extremely recalcitrant dye wastewater; none, however, has emerged as a panacea. A single universally applicable end-of-pipe solution appears to be unrealistic, and combination of appropriate techniques is deemed imperative to devise technically and economically feasible options. An in-depth evaluation of wide range of potential hybrid technologies delineated in literature along with plausible analyses of available cost information has been furnished. In addition to underscoring the indispensability of hybrid technologies, this paper also endorses the inclusion of energy and water reuse plan within the treatment scheme, and …

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Seasonal And Latitudinal Variation Of Atmospheric Methane: A Ground-Based And Ship-Borne Solar Ir Spectroscopic Study, T. Warneke, J. Meirink, P. Bergamaschi, J. Grooss, J. Notholt, G. Toon, Voltaire A. Velazco, A. Goede, O. Schrems Jan 2006

Seasonal And Latitudinal Variation Of Atmospheric Methane: A Ground-Based And Ship-Borne Solar Ir Spectroscopic Study, T. Warneke, J. Meirink, P. Bergamaschi, J. Grooss, J. Notholt, G. Toon, Voltaire A. Velazco, A. Goede, O. Schrems

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Column-averaged volume mixing ratios of CH4 were retrieved with a precision of better than 0.5% from infrared solar absorption spectra obtained at Ny-Alesund (Spitsbergen, 79°N) between 1997 and 2004 and during two ship cruises (54°N–34°S) on the Atlantic in 2003. The retrieval has been performed in a spectral region available to all operational FTIR (Fourier Transform InfraRed) spectrometers performing solar absorption measurements. The seasonality and the long-term increase of the tropospheric volume-mixing ratio, derived from the infrared measurements agree well with data from surface sampling at this site. The latitudinal variation of ship-borne measurements between 54°N and 34°S is in …

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Copper In Marine Waters: What Does It Do To Microalgae?, Brad Angel Jan 2006

Copper In Marine Waters: What Does It Do To Microalgae?, Brad Angel

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Coastal waters adjacent to industrialised catchments are likely to receive contaminants from urban run-off, storm water drains, and industrial effluent discharges. While routine monitoring may indicate that contaminant concentrations are below levels of regulatory concern, there is generally a poor understanding of the rate, concentration and consistency of contaminant inputs and the associated biological effects.

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New Integron-Associated Gene Cassette Encoding A Trimethoprim-Resistant Dfrb-Type Dihydrofolate Reductase, Renee Levings, D. Lightfoot, Liam Elbourne, R. M. Hall, Steven P. Djordjevic Jan 2006

New Integron-Associated Gene Cassette Encoding A Trimethoprim-Resistant Dfrb-Type Dihydrofolate Reductase, Renee Levings, D. Lightfoot, Liam Elbourne, R. M. Hall, Steven P. Djordjevic

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

A sixth gene cassette containing a dfrB-type gene, dfrB6, was found in a dfrB6-aadA1 cassette array in class 1 integrons. This array was isolated from several multiply antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis strains that appear to be clonally related. The DfrB6 dihydrofolate reductase conferred resistance to trimethoprim.

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Non-Invasive Determination Of Optical Lever Sensitivity In Atomic Force Microscopy, Jason P. Cleveland, Roger Proksch, Michael J. Higgins, S Mcendoo, Martin Polcik, Suzi P. Jarvis, John E. Sader Jan 2006

Non-Invasive Determination Of Optical Lever Sensitivity In Atomic Force Microscopy, Jason P. Cleveland, Roger Proksch, Michael J. Higgins, S Mcendoo, Martin Polcik, Suzi P. Jarvis, John E. Sader

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Afm In Liquid: A High Sensitivity Study On Biological Membranes, Michael J. Higgins, Takeshi Fukuma, Suzi P. Jarvis Jan 2006

Afm In Liquid: A High Sensitivity Study On Biological Membranes, Michael J. Higgins, Takeshi Fukuma, Suzi P. Jarvis

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Frequency Modulation AFM (FM-AFM) is commonly operated in ultra-high vacuum, though its inception in liquids for biological samples is relatively new. Here, we highlight the ability of FM-AFM to perform molecular resolution imaging of biomembrane surfaces and to detect individual layers of structured water at similar membrane interfaces. These studies highlight the potential of FM-AFM for studying model membranes and lipid raft systems on the molecular scale.

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Signs Of Life: Engraved Stone Artefacts From Neolithic South India, A Brumm, Nicole Boivin, Richard Fullagar Jan 2006

Signs Of Life: Engraved Stone Artefacts From Neolithic South India, A Brumm, Nicole Boivin, Richard Fullagar

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

While exceedingly rare on any given archaeological site, engraved stone artefacts have nonetheless been reported from sites covering a range of periods mid regions across the world. Attempts to interpret such engravings have often focused on potential representational or communicative functions, including their role in notational systems, symbolic depiction, and the development of early forms of writing. Contextual and microscopic investigation Of a number of engraved artefacts discovered in a large assemblage of dolerite artefacts excavated from a Neolithic hilltop habitation and stone-tool production site in south India suggests, however, that an alternative interpretation of engraved stone artefacts is possible. …

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The Atollgame Experience: From Knowledge Engineering To A Computer-Assisted Role Playing Game, A Dray, Pascal Perez, Natalie Jones, Christophe Le Page, Patrick D'Aquino, Ian White, Titeem Auatabu Jan 2006

The Atollgame Experience: From Knowledge Engineering To A Computer-Assisted Role Playing Game, A Dray, Pascal Perez, Natalie Jones, Christophe Le Page, Patrick D'Aquino, Ian White, Titeem Auatabu

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

This paper presents the methodology developed to collect, understand and merge viewpoints coming from different stakeholders in order to build a shared and formal representation of the studied system dealing with groundwater management in the low-lying atoll of Tarawa (Republic of Kiribati). The methodology relies on three successive stages. First, a Global Targeted Appraisal focuses on social group leaders in order to collect different standpoints and their articulated mental models. These collective models are partly validated through Individual Activities Surveys focusing on behavioural patterns of individual islanders. Then, these models are merged into a single conceptual one using qualitative analysis …

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Complex Science For A Complex World: An Introduction, Pascal Perez, David Batten Jan 2006

Complex Science For A Complex World: An Introduction, Pascal Perez, David Batten

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

No abstract provided.

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Atollgame: A Companion Modelling Experience In The Pacific, A Dray, Pascal Perez, Christophe Le Page, Patrick D'Aquino, Ian White Jan 2006

Atollgame: A Companion Modelling Experience In The Pacific, A Dray, Pascal Perez, Christophe Le Page, Patrick D'Aquino, Ian White

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have been developed to study the interaction between societies and the environment. Here we use MAS in conjunction with a Companion Modelling (ComMod) approach to develop a Negotiation Support System for groundwater management in Tarawa, Republic of Kiribati. In agreement with the complex and dynamic nature of the processes under study, the ComMod approach requires a permanent and iterative confrontation between theories and field circumstances. Therefore, it is based on repetitive back and forth steps between the model and the field situation. The methodology applied in Tarawa relies on 3 successive stages. First, a Global Targeted Appraisal …

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Towards An Art And Science Of Decision Aiding For Water Management And Planning: A Participatory Modelling Process, Katherine A. Daniell, Ian White, Nils Ferrand, Alexis Tsoukias, Stewart Burn, Pascal Perez Jan 2006

Towards An Art And Science Of Decision Aiding For Water Management And Planning: A Participatory Modelling Process, Katherine A. Daniell, Ian White, Nils Ferrand, Alexis Tsoukias, Stewart Burn, Pascal Perez

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

Planning and management of water resources are faced with increasingly high levels of complexity, uncertainty and conflict. Traditional technical and top-down management strategies have proved inadequate, forcing a move to more "integrated" forms of management, planning and decision making that can include stakeholders and communities, as well as technical experts and policy makers. These integrated forms of management require not only good technical or scientific ability, but a range of "art-like" skills including communication, creativity and the capacity to acknowledge and integrate diverse points of view. However, processes designed to aid such inter-organisational or multi-stakeholder decisionmaking are rare and in …

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Serum Opacity Factor Promotes Group A Streptococcal Epithelial Cell Invasion And Virulence, A M. Timmer, S. A. Kristian, V. Datta, A. Jeng, C. M. Gillen, Mark J. Walker, B. Beall, V. Nizet Jan 2006

Serum Opacity Factor Promotes Group A Streptococcal Epithelial Cell Invasion And Virulence, A M. Timmer, S. A. Kristian, V. Datta, A. Jeng, C. M. Gillen, Mark J. Walker, B. Beall, V. Nizet

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Serum opacity factor (SOF) is a bifunctional cell surface protein expressed by 40-50% of group A streptococcal (GAS) strains comprised of a C-terminal domain that binds fibronectin and an N-terminal domain that mediates opacification of mammalian sera. The sof gene was recently discovered to be co-transcribed in a two-gene operon with a gene encoding another fibronectin-binding protein, sfbX. We compared the ability of a SOF(+) wild-type (WT) serotype M49 GAS strain and isogenic mutants lacking SOF or SfbX to invade cultured HEp-2 human pharyngeal epithelial cells. Elimination of SOF led to a significant decrease in HEp-2 intracellular invasion while loss …

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Correlating Business Process And Organizational Models To Manage Change, George Koliadis, Aditya K. Ghose, Moshiur Bhuiyan Jan 2006

Correlating Business Process And Organizational Models To Manage Change, George Koliadis, Aditya K. Ghose, Moshiur Bhuiyan

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Business Process Management (BPM) provides the methods, tools and modelling notations to support a processcentric organizational view and management capability. As organizations grow in size and complexity, process improvement initiatives may involve change that has direct / significant impact across an organization. Thus, we provide methods and extensions to existing process modelling notations to analyse change against high- level models of the organization. Our approach permits improved analysis against higher-level organizational structures, motivations, inter-dependencies and capabilities that should be ideally considered as primary requirements during process design. Additionally, the organizational model becomes the ‘scaffolding’ with which to construct effective process …

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Fairness And Playability In Online Multiplayer Games, Jeremy Brun, Farzad Safaei, Paul Boustead Jan 2006

Fairness And Playability In Online Multiplayer Games, Jeremy Brun, Farzad Safaei, Paul Boustead

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Playability and fairness are crucial elements of an enjoyable online game experience. The unavoidable propagation time introduced by the geographical distance between participants can deteriorate the game responsiveness and playability. Also, differences in these delays can provide unfair advantages and/or disadvantages to different players. This paper explores the causal relationships between propagation time, inconsistencies, playability and fairness in online multiplayer games. It clearly defines causes of unfairness and introduces a theoretical quantification supported by an experimental technique to evaluate it in simulations. It also demonstrates through simulations the impact of changes in network architecture and topology on playability and fairness.

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A New Analytical-Approximation Formula For The Optimal Exercise Boundary Of American Put Options, Song-Ping Zhu Jan 2006

A New Analytical-Approximation Formula For The Optimal Exercise Boundary Of American Put Options, Song-Ping Zhu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

In this paper, a new analytical formula as an approximation to the value of American put options and their optimal exercise boundary is presented. A transform is first introduced to better deal with the terminal condition and, most importantly, the optimal exercise price which is an unknown moving boundary and the key reason that valuing American options is much harder than valuing its European counter- parts. The pseudo-steady-state approximation is then used in the performance of the Laplace transform, to convert the systems of partial differential equations to sys- tems of ordinary differential equations in the Laplace space. A simple …

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Solution Of A Certain Class Of Network Flow Problems With Cascaded Demand Aggregation And Capacity Allocation, Farzad Safaei, I. Ouveysi Jan 2006

Solution Of A Certain Class Of Network Flow Problems With Cascaded Demand Aggregation And Capacity Allocation, Farzad Safaei, I. Ouveysi

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This article develops analytical models for a class of networking problems that includes two cascaded stages of demand aggregation and capacity allocation. The solutions to these problems are required in real time as the demand fluctuates rapidly. The capacity allocation problem makes a large-scale integer programming problem too complex for practical applications. Using the Lagrangian relaxation technique and a suitably developed heuristic for multiplier adjustment, the computational complexity is reduced to such a degree that a real-time implementation of the algorithm is feasible. This article also develops efficient heuristics to aggregate demand. The proposed algorithm produces a near-optimal solution in …

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A Combined Approach For Supporting The Business Process Model Lifecycle, George Koliadis, Aleksander Vranesevic, Moshiur Bhuiyan, Aneesh Krishna, Aditya K. Ghose Jan 2006

A Combined Approach For Supporting The Business Process Model Lifecycle, George Koliadis, Aleksander Vranesevic, Moshiur Bhuiyan, Aneesh Krishna, Aditya K. Ghose

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Business processes evolve throughout their lifecycle of change. Business Process Modeling (BPM2) notations such as BPMN are used to effectively conceptualize and communicate important process characteristics to relevant stakeholders. Agent-oriented conceptual modeling notations, such as i*, effectively capture and communicate organizational context. In this paper we argue that the management of change throughout the business process model lifecycle can be more effectively supported by combining notations. In particular, we identify two potential sources of process change, one occurring within the organizational context and the other within the operational context. As such the focus in this paper is on the co-evolution …

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The Influence Of Site Physical Characteristics On Power Quality Performance, Glenn Nicholson, Victor J. Gosbell, Ashok Parsotam Jan 2006

The Influence Of Site Physical Characteristics On Power Quality Performance, Glenn Nicholson, Victor J. Gosbell, Ashok Parsotam

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Routine power quality (PQ) monitoring is limited to a statistical sample of sites that are hopefully representative of the overall PQ performance of the network. It would be helpful if the PQ performance of un-monitored sites could be inferred from the results of a PQ survey from a site having similar physical characteristics. This is only possible if it is known which physical characteristics are most influential in determining PQ performance. This paper describes the application of factor analysis techniques to determine the relationship between known site physical characteristics and PQ disturbance levels on the Vector Distribution Network (Auckland, New …

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Challenges And Opportunities Facing Australian Universities Caused By Internationalisation Of Chinese Higher Education, Mingxuan Wu, Ping Yu Jan 2006

Challenges And Opportunities Facing Australian Universities Caused By Internationalisation Of Chinese Higher Education, Mingxuan Wu, Ping Yu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

China opened its market to the world after it entered The World Trade Organisation (WTO) at the turn of the last century. The Chinese Ministry of Education recently reviewed a series of policies about international cooperation in higher education with foreign countries in an effort to standardise their practice through centralised control. The purpose of this paper is to analyse current features and trends in international cooperation in Chinese higher education. This paper also develops a benefit-driven model of the internationalisation of Chinese higher education, and attempts to address the reasons for the marketability of cooperative programs in China. Finally, …

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Modelling A Wool Scour Bowl, James Caunce, Geoff Mercer, S. I. Barry, Timothy R. Marchant Jan 2006

Modelling A Wool Scour Bowl, James Caunce, Geoff Mercer, S. I. Barry, Timothy R. Marchant

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Wool scouring is the process of washing dirty wool after shearing. Our model simulates, using the advection-diffusion equation, the movement of contaminants within a scour bowl. The effects of varying the important parameters are investigated. Interesting, but simple, relationships are found which give insight into the dynamics of a scour bowl.

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Examination Dialogue: An Argumentation Framework For Critically Questioning An Expert Opinion, Douglas Walton Jan 2006

Examination Dialogue: An Argumentation Framework For Critically Questioning An Expert Opinion, Douglas Walton

CRRAR Publications

Recent work in argumentation theory (Walton and Krabbe, 1995; Walton, 2005) and artificial intelligence (Bench-Capon, 1992, 2003; Cawsey, 1992; McBurney and Parsons, 2002; Bench-Capon and Prakken, 2005) uses types of dialogue as contexts of argument use. This paper provides an analysis of a special type called examination dialogue, in which one party questions another party, sometimes critically or even antagonistically, to try to find out what that party knows about something. This type of dialogue is most prominent in law and in both legal and non-legal arguments based on expert opinion. It is also central to dialogue systems for questioning …

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Research Plan And Preliminary Results - A Field Research Site For Emerging Contaminants In Iowa, Douglas J. Schnoebelen, Dana W. Kolpin, Larry B. Barber, Edward T. Furlong, Michael M. Meyer, Mary Skopec Jan 2006

Research Plan And Preliminary Results - A Field Research Site For Emerging Contaminants In Iowa, Douglas J. Schnoebelen, Dana W. Kolpin, Larry B. Barber, Edward T. Furlong, Michael M. Meyer, Mary Skopec

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Research has recently documented the prevalence of a wide variety of pharmaceuticals and other emerging contaminants (ECs) in streams across the United States. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been found to be an important source and collection point of ECs to streams as many ECs are incompletely removed during treatment. To investigate the complex instream processes (e.g., dilution, sorption, degradation, dispersion, etc.) chat can affect ECs following their input from a WWTP and determining if such input is having an effect on the aquatic ecosystem requires the integration of multi-disciplinary efforts at a carefully selected field site. Preliminary work has …

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Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors Jan 2006

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

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Relation Of Riparian Buffer Strips To In-Stream Habitat, Macroinvertebrates And Fish In A Small Iowa Stream, Jeremy P. Duehr, Michael J. Siepker, Clay L. Pierce, Thomas M. Isenhart Jan 2006

Relation Of Riparian Buffer Strips To In-Stream Habitat, Macroinvertebrates And Fish In A Small Iowa Stream, Jeremy P. Duehr, Michael J. Siepker, Clay L. Pierce, Thomas M. Isenhart

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Macroinvertebrate and fish habitat is often degraded as a result of agriculture. Riparian buffer strips are commonly used to counteract the negative effects of agriculture in headwater streams. We assessed the relation of multi-aged riparian buffer strips to in-stream habitat, macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages in an Iowa stream. In-stream habitat, macroinvertebrates, and fish were sampled from two buffered sites and two unbuffered sites, with the greatest substrate, water depth, and velocity heterogeneity occurring in buffered sites. The highest macroinvertebrate richness (11) as well as fish species richness (14), diversity (1.99) and IBI score (37) were found in the site buffered …

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Relation Of Riparian Buffer Strips To In-Stream Habitat, Macroinvertebrates And Fish In A Small Iowa Stream, Jeremy P. Duehr, Michael J. Siepker, Clay L. Pierce, Thomas M. Isenhart Jan 2006

Relation Of Riparian Buffer Strips To In-Stream Habitat, Macroinvertebrates And Fish In A Small Iowa Stream, Jeremy P. Duehr, Michael J. Siepker, Clay L. Pierce, Thomas M. Isenhart

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Macroinvertebrate and fish habitat is often degraded as a result of agriculture. Riparian buffer strips are commonly used to counteract the negative effects of agriculture in headwater streams. We assessed the relation of multi-aged riparian buffer strips to in-stream habitat, macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages in an Iowa stream. In-stream habitat, macroinvertebrates, and fish were sampled from two buffered sites and two unbuffered sites, with the greatest substrate, water depth, and velocity heterogeneity occurring in buffered sites. The highest macroinvertebrate richness (11) as well as fish species richness (14), diversity (1.99) and IBI score (3 7) were found in the site …

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Back Cover Jan 2006

Back Cover

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

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Cover - Table Of Contents Jan 2006

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

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Front Matter Jan 2006

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

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