Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Using Clinical Decision Support To Maintain Medication And Problem Lists: A Pilot Study To Yield Higher Patient Safety, Chiang S. Jao, Daniel B. Hier, William L. Galanter

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

To Investigate Whether Clinical Decision Support that Automates the Matching of Ordered Drugs to Problems (Clinical Diagnoses) on the Problem List Can Enhance the Maintenance of Both Medication and Problem Lists in the Electronic Medical Record, We Designed a Clinical Decision Support System to Match Ordered Drugs on the Medication List and Ongoing Problems on the Problem List. We Evaluated the Capability and Performance of This Clinical Decision Support System in Medication-Problem Matching using Physician Expert Chart Audits to Match Ordered Drugs to Ongoing Clinical Problems. a Clinical Decision Support System Was Shown to Be Useful in Improving Medication-Problem Matches …

Implementation And Analysis Of Practical Algorithm For Data Security, Willi Ballenthin, F. Kacani, Julia Albath, Sanjay Kumar Madria

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we present a complete implementation of the Practical Algorithm for Data Security (PADS) proposed by Albath et al., an end-to-end security scheme employing symmetric key encryption. The implementation takes full advantage of the modular design of the TinyOS environment. The simplicity of the algorithm allows for efficient implementation in hardware, a requirement for resource constrained devices. The protocol adds only four bytes of data per packet, on par with industry standards. Simulation and empirical results of the scheme are also provided. The analysis shows that the Practical Algorithm for Data Security is superior to standard security schemes.

A Systematic Framework For Structured Object-Oriented Security Requirements Analysis In Embedded Systems, Sojan Markose, Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Bruce M. Mcmillin

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The primary goal of this paper is to develop a structured objectoriented security requirements analysis methodology for the elicitation and analysis of security requirements in embedded systems. There are several approaches to elicit, analyze and specify security requirements in embedded systems ranging from formal mathematical models for proof of certain security properties to informal methods that are easily understood. Applicability of formal security models is limited because they are complex and it is time consuming to develop. On the other hand, informal security requirements analysis methods are not integrated with conceptual models in requirements analysis, and although both external and …

Photopolymerization And Characterization Of Thiol-Enes And Thiourethanes, Qin Li

Dissertations

Compared to conventional acrylic monomer systems, thiol-ene photopolymerization, an efficient click process leading to the formation of dense and uniform molecular networks, has several distinct advantages including relative insensitivity to oxygen inhibition, high monomer conversion and low shrinkage. Although there has been a revival of interest in thiol-enes in the past 6 years, the structure-property relationship of these networks has not been explored in detail. For future applications, thiol-enes with higher shelf-life stability and glass transition temperatures need to be used. Sulfur containing urethanes, thiourethanes and dithiourethanes are a class of widely used materials due to their distinct properties such …

Evaluation Of Electron Donor Materials Used To Create Subsurface Permeable Reactive Barriers For Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination Of Chlorinated Ethenes, Elizabeth S. Semkiw

Dissertations

Chlorinated ethenes (CEs) are widespread ground water contaminants, apparently due to their extensive migration from numerous contamination source points. In this study, a long-term field investigation and aquifer microcosm experiments were combined to evaluate the effectiveness of electron donor materials used to create and maintain subsurface permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) for the enhanced in-situ biodegradation of CEs. The laboratory component includes the first side-by-side comparison of electron donor materials dairy whey, lactate syrup, and Hydrogen Release Compound® (HRC), in which dechlorination rates, fermentation product distributions, and H₂ production were monitored as measures of substrate efficiency. Field study allowed the …

Calculations Of K-Shell Fluorescence Yields And Photoabsorption Cross Sections For Carbon Ions At The K-Edge, Muhammet Fatih Hasoglu

Dissertations

The advent of new space missions providing high-precision observations has engendered the need for reliable and precise K-shell atomic data in order to interpret these X-ray spectra. In response to this need, we focused on the calculation of K-shell fluorescence yields for 2 nd -row ions. A secondary project was undertaken in order to treat theoretically the K-shell X-ray absorption processes in carbon ions. These calculated fluorescence yields of 2nd -row ions and theX-ray photoabsorption cross sections of carbon are astrophysically important in determining (1) charge-changing probabilities, such as Auger vs. radiative decay, and (2) chemical abundances of the interstellar …

Animated Database Courseware: Using Animations To Extend Conceptual Understanding Of Database Concepts, Meg Murray, Mario Guimaraes

Faculty Articles

Teaching abstract concepts can be best supported with supplemental instructional materials such as software animations. Visualization and animations have been shown to increase student motivation and help students develop deeper understandings. Through an NSF funded CCLI grant, a set of animations to support the teaching of database concepts is being developed and made freely available. Current modules available cover areas such as database design, interactive SQL, stored procedures and triggers, transactions and database security. In this paper, we provide an overview of the Animated Database Courseware (ADbC) as well as provide examples of how this software might be utilized in …

Computing For The Masses: Extending The Computer Science Curriculum With Information Technology Literacy, Jorge Pérez, Meg C. Murray

Faculty Articles

Enrollments in computer science programs continue to drop as demand for workers skilled in computing increases. Information technology scholars face the ironic challenge of attracting more students into computing disciplines in the age of ubiquitous computing. This paper chronicles a decision by a department of computer science and information systems to offer an information technology literacy course as a service to its institution. Educational and curricular justifications for the course progressed in parallel with recognition of the course's strategic value to the department in the face of sharp declines in the number of students majoring in CS or IS. Following …

Rainbows In The Grass. Ii. Arbitrary Diagonal Incidence, Charles L. Adler, James A. Lock, Richard W. Fleet

Physics Faculty Publications

We consider external reflection rainbow caustic,,; due to the reflection of light from a pendant droplet where the light rays are at an arbitrary angle with respect to the horizontal. We compare this theory to observation of glare spots from, pendant drops on grass; we also consider the potential application of this theory to the determination of liquid surface tension. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America

Growing Fields Of Interest: Using An Expand And Reduce Strategy For Domain Model Extraction, Christopher Thomas, Pankaj Mehra, Roger Brooks, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Domain hierarchies are widely used as models underlying information retrieval tasks. Formal ontologies and taxonomies enrich such hierarchies further with properties and relationships associated with concepts and categories but require manual effort; therefore they are costly to maintain, and often stale. Folksonomies and vocabularies lack rich category structure and are almost entirely devoid of properties and relationships. Classification and extraction require the coverage of vocabularies and the alterability of folksonomies and can largely benefit from category relationships and other properties. With Doozer, a program for building conceptual models of information domains, we want to bridge the gap between the vocabularies …

Comparison Of The Fuel Needed To Transport Plastic Recyclables Verses Aluminum Recyclables From Yellowstone National Park, Melissa Dejonge

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

Research has provided no definitive answers on whether PET plastic bottles or aluminum cans are a more environmentally sustainable choice as soda containers. This paper researches the fuel used in recycling each of these materials from Yellowstone National Park to processing locations. The data is used to determine which of these alternatives use less fuel in this process. It was found that plastics use more fuel when transported from Yellowstone National Park to the processing center. Aluminum uses less fuel per ton to transport from Yellowstone to the processing center. The conclusions from this research may have implications on which …

Scattering Of An Electromagnetic Plane Wave By A Luneburg Lens. Iii. Finely Stratified Sphere Model, James A. Lock

Physics Faculty Publications

The parallel iteration procedure for computing scattering by a multilayer sphere is described. The procedure uses a successive doubling strategy applied to four sets of multiple-scattering amplitudes, which is reminiscent of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. The procedure is then used to calculate scattering of a plane wave by a modified Luneburg lens. The evolution of the transmission rainbow for the Luneburg lens parameter f > 1 into an orbiting ray for f = 1 and into a series of morphology-dependent resonances for f < 1 is studied, and various features of the scattered intensity as a function of scattering angle are commented on. It is found that some resonances are formed without the presence of an exterior centrifugal barrier to confine them. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America

New Complexities In The Low-State Line Profiles Of Am Herculis, S. Kafka, T. Ribeiro, R. Baptista, R. K. Honeycutt, Jeff W. Robertson

Faculty Publications - Physical & Earth Sciences

When accretion temporarily ceases in the polar AM Her, the emission-line profiles are known to develop several distinct components, whose origin remains poorly understood. The new low-state spectra reported here have a more favorable combination of spectral resolution (R ~ 4500), time resolution (~ 3 minute exposures), and S/N than earlier work, revealing additional details of the orbital dependence of the line profiles. The central strong feature of Hα is found to be composed of two components of similar strength, one having K ~ 100 km s-1 and phased with the motion of the secondary star, the other having little …

Solving Higher Dimensional Initial Boundary Value Problems By Variational Iteration Decomposition Method, Muhammad A. Noor, Syed T. Mohyud-Din

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we apply a relatively new technique which is called the variational iteration decomposition method (VIDM) by combining the traditional variational iteration and the decomposition methods for solving higher dimensional initial boundary value problems. The proposed method is an elegant combination of variational iteration and the decomposition methods. The analytical results of the problems have been obtained in terms of convergent series with easily computable components. The method is quite efficient and is practically well suited for use in these problems. Several examples are given to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed technique.

General Validity Of Reciprocity In Quantum Mechanics, P.T. Leung, H. Y. Xie, D. P. Tsai

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The concept of reciprocity symmetry for matter-wave propagation is established for nonrelativistic quantum mechanics with previous results in the literature extended to include nonlocal interactions. Examples are given for cases with both local and nonlocal potentials, where we show in particular that reciprocity can be violated for the motion of a charged particle in an external electromagnetic field. In addition, this symmetry is applied to interpret a recent analysis [Phys. Rev. A 64, 042716 (2001)] on the symmetry of transmission through one-dimensional complex potentials, with the emphasis that the validity of reciprocity can go beyond that of time-reversal symmetry, such …

Tolerance Intervals In Random-Effects Models, Kakotan Sanogo

Theses and Dissertations

In the pharmaceutical setting, it is often necessary to establish the shelf life of a drug product and sometimes suitable to assess the risk of product failure at the desired expiry period. The current statistical methodology use confidence intervals for the predicted mean to establish the expiry period and prediction intervals for a predicted new assay value or a tolerance interval for a proportion of the population for use in a risk assessment. A major concern is that most methodology treat a homogeneous subpopulation, say batch, either as a fixed effect and therefore uses a fixed-effects regression model (Graybill, 1976) …

Anomalies In Electrostatic Calibrations For The Measurement Of The Casimir Force In A Sphere-Plane Geometry, W. J. Kim, M. Brown-Hayes, D. A.R. Dalvit, J. H. Brownell, R. Onofrio

Dartmouth Scholarship

We have performed precision electrostatic calibrations in the sphere-plane geometry, and observed anomalous behavior. Namely, the scaling exponent of the electrostatic signal with distance was found to be smaller than expected on the basis of the pure Coulombian contribution, and the residual potential found to be distance dependent. We argue that these findings affect the accuracy of the electrostatic calibrations and invite reanalysis of previous determinations of the Casimir force.

Metallicity Analysis Of Macho Galactic Bulge Rr0 Lyrae Stars From Their Light Curves, Andrea Kunder, Brian Chaboyer

Dartmouth Scholarship

We present metallicities of 2690 RR0 Lyrae stars observed toward the MACHO Survey fields in the Galactic bulge. These [Fe/H] values are based upon an empirically-calibrated relationship that uses the Fourier coefficients of the light curve and are accurate to ±0.2 dex. The majority of the RR0 Lyrae stars in our sample are located in the Galactic bulge, but 255 RR0 stars are associated with the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf galaxy. We find that the RR0 Lyrae stars that belong to the Galactic bulge have average metallicities [Fe/H] = -1.25, with a broad metallicity range from [Fe/H] = -2.26 to -0.15. …

Forcing And Dynamics Of Seafloor-Water Column Exchange On A Broad Continental Shelf, William B. Savidge, Ann Gargett, Richard A. Jahnke, James R. Nelson, Dana K. Savidge, R Timothy Short, George Voulgaris

Faculty Publications

Relict sediments of elevated permeability characterize the majority of continental shelves globally (Emery, 1968). In these settings, interactions between benthic boundary layer (BBL) flows and seabed topography generate pressure fluctuations that drive advective and dispersive porewater transport, dramatically increasing the magnitude and variability of porewater solute and particulate exchange across the sediment-water interface (Huettel et al., 1996; Huettel and Rusch, 2000). On broad shallow shelves with a relatively large area-to-volume ratio, the seafloor’s role is magnified. Energetic events may reorganize bedforms across a significant fraction of the shelf, leading to altered exchange dynamics that may persist long after the organizing …

Investigation Of The Interactions Of Cationic Polyelectrolytes With Anionic Surfactants: Effects Of Polymer, Surfactant And Solution Properties, Lisa Renee Huisinga

Dissertations

The intent of this research is to explore and understand the effects that a range of polymer, surfactant and solution parameters have on the interaction of oppositely-charged polymers and surfactants. Cationic polysaccharides were chosen for this research because they are known to interact with anionic surfactants, and they offer a wide range of adjustable polymer properties, including molecular weight, charge substitution, and backbone structure. Cationic poly(vinylpyridinium hydrochloride) polymers were chosen for these studies because they provide the opportunity to explore the effects of charge position on the interaction of cationic polymers with anionic surfactants and how this influences the mechanism …

Examination Of An Aloe Vera Galacturonate Polysaccharide Capable Of In Situ Gelation For The Controlled Release Of Protein Therapeutics, Shawn David Mcconaughy

Dissertations

A therapeutic delivery platform has been investigated with the ultimate goal of designing a sustained protein release matrix utilizing an in-situ gelling, acidic polysaccharide derived from the Aloe vera plant. The Aloe vera polysaccharide (AvP) has been examined in order to determine how chemical composition, structure, molecular weight and solution behavior affect gelation and protein/peptide delivery. Correlations are drawn between structural characteristics and solution behavior in order to determine the impact of polymer conformation and solvation on gel formation under conditions designed to simulate nasal applications. Steady state and dynamic rheology, classic and dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, pulse field …

Dispersion States And Surface Characteristics Of Physically Blended Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane/Polymer Hybrid Nanocomposites, Rahul Misra

Dissertations

Control of dispersion and segregation states of nanostructured additives is one of the biggest challenges in realizing the optimum potential of high-performance hybrid polymer nanocomposites. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanostructured chemicals, with their hybrid organic-inorganic nature and flexible functionalization with a variety of organic substituents, yield possibilities to control dispersion and tune compatibility in a wide range of polymer systems. The overall goal of this research is to investigate the fundamental parameters that influence the dispersion and segregation states of POSS nanostructured chemicals and to understand chain dynamics and conformations in physically blended POSS hybrid polymer nanocomposites (HPNC's). Multiple structural …

Synthesis, Propagation Kinetics, And Characterization Of D,L-Lactide-Based Polyols And Polyurethanes Therefrom, Scott Joseph Moravek

Dissertations

In order to expand the usefulness of degradable polyesters, degradable polyurethanes were synthesized using a mixed polyol system including poly(D,L-lactideco- glycolide) (PLGA), a well-known degradable polyester. Two isocyanate systems, methyl 2,6-diisocyantocaproate (LDI) and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'- diisocyanate(Hi2MDI), were studied in order to achieve optimal physical and thermal properties of the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) while maintaining degradablity. The LDI based systems had excellent physical properties as well as thermal properties that may make them suitable for biomedical devices. The H12MDI based TPUs also had excellent physical properties as well as a higher melting temperature. The aforementioned TPUs were synthesized in small batches. Another …

A Reliable Approach For Higher-Order Integro-Differential Equations, Muhammad A. Noor, Syed T. Mohyud-Din

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we apply the variational iteration method (VIM) for solving higher-order integro differential equations by converting the problems into system of integral equations. The proposed technique is applied to the re-formulated system of integro-differential equations. Numerical results show the accuracy and efficiency of the suggested algorithm. The fact that the VIM solves nonlinear problems without calculating Adomian’s polynomials is a clear advantage of this technique over the decomposition method.

Remarks On The Stability Of Some Size-Structured Population Models Iii: The Case Of Constant Inflow Of Newborns, Mohammed El-Doma

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The stability of some size-structured population dynamics models are investigated. We determine the steady states and study their stability. We also give examples that illustrate the stability results. The results in this paper generalize previous results, for example, see Calsina, et al. (2003), El- Doma (2006) and El-Doma (2008).

Numerical Modeling Of A Stenosed Artery Using Mathematical Model Of Variable Shape, S. Mukhopadhyay, G. C. Layek

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The intention of the present work is to carry out a systematic analysis of flow behavior in a two-dimensional tube (modeled as artery) with a locally variable shaped constrictions. The simulated artery, containing a viscous incompressible fluid representing the flowing blood, is treated to be complaint as well as rigid tube. The shape of the stenosis in the arterial lumen is chosen to be symmetric as well as asymmetric about the middle cross section perpendicular to the axis of the tube in order to improve resemblance to the in-vivo situation. The constricted tube is transformed into a straight tube and …

Global Irrigation Water Demand: Variability And Uncertainties Arising From Agricultural And Climate Data Sets, Dominik Wisser, Steve Frolking, Ellen M. Douglas, Balazs M. Fekete, Charles Vorosmarty, Andreas H. Schumann

Earth Sciences

Agricultural water use accounts for around 70% of the total water that is withdrawn from surface water and groundwater. We use a new, gridded, global-scale water balance model to estimate interannual variability in global irrigation water demand arising from climate data sets and uncertainties arising from agricultural and climate data sets. We used contemporary maps of irrigation and crop distribution, and so do not account for variability or trends in irrigation area or cropping. We used two different global maps of irrigation and two different reconstructions of daily weather 1963–2002. Simulated global irrigation water demand varied by ∼30%, depending on …

The Distribution And Reproductive Success Of The Western Snowy Plover Along The Oregon Coast - 2008, David J. Lauten, Kathleen J. Castelein, David C. Bailey, Travis Lewis, Eleanor P. Gaines

Institute for Natural Resources Publications

From 1 April – 24 September 2008, we monitored the distribution, abundance and productivity of the federally Threatened Western Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) along the Oregon coast. From north to south, we surveyed and monitored plover activity at Sutton Beach, Siltcoos River estuary, the Dunes Overlook, North Tahkenitch Creek, Tenmile Creek, Coos Bay North Spit, Bandon Beach, and New River. Our objectives for the Oregon coastal population in 2008 were to: 1) estimate the size of the adult Snowy Plover population, 2) locate plover nests, 3) continue selected use of miniexclosures (MEs) to protect nests from predators …

Identification Of Subsoil Compaction Using Electrical Conductivity And Spectral Data Across Varying Soil Moisture Regimes In Utah, Jay Murray Payne

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Subsoil compaction is a major yield limiting factor for most agricultural crops. Tillage is the most efficient method to quickly treat compacted subsoil, but it is also expensive, increases erosion, and accelerates nutrient cycling.

The use of real-time electrical conductivity (EC) and near-infrared (NIR) reflectance values to differentiate compacted areas from uncompacted areas was studied. This method has potential to reduce monetary and time investments inherent in traditional grid sampling and the resultant deep tillage of an entire field. EC and NIR reflectance are both very sensitive to spatial variability of soil attributes.

The objective of this research was to …

An Assessment Of Alternative Feed Ingredients In Practical Diets For Florida Pompano (Trachinotus Carolinus) Held In Low Salinity Recirculating Systems, Terhea Nichole Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The identification of alternative protein sources for partial or whole replacement of fishmeal (FM) is a priority in the development of suitable, low cost feed formulations for the Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus). To evaluate alternative feed ingredients for the potential replacement of FM in diets fed to juvenile pompano, a series of four experiments were conducted. The objectives of Experiments 1 and 2 were to determine the apparent digestibility of crude protein (ADCP), energy (ADE), and apparent amino acid availability (AAAA) of three plant based ingredients (soybean meal (SBM), soy protein isolate (SPI), corn gluten meal (CGM)) and three by-product …