Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Ctbt Evasion Scenarios: Possible Or Probable?, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

New Estimates For A Time-Dependent Schroedinger Equation, Marius Beceanu

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship

This paper establishes new estimates for linear Schroedinger equations in R^3 with time-dependent potentials. Some of the results are new even in the time-independent case and all are shown to hold for potentials in scaling-critical, translation-invariant spaces. The proof of the time-independent results uses a novel method based on an abstract version of Wiener's Theorem.

A Critical Centre-Stable Manifold For Schroedinger's Equation In R^3, Marius Beceanu

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Scholarship

Consider the focusing cubic semilinear Schroedinger equation in R^3 i \partial_t \psi + \Delta \psi + | \psi |^2 \psi = 0. It admits an eight-dimensional manifold of special solutions called ground state solitons. We exhibit a codimension-one critical real-analytic manifold N of asymptotically stable solutions in a neighborhood of the soliton manifold. We then show that N is centre-stable, in the dynamical systems sense of Bates-Jones, and globally-in-time invariant. Solutions in N are asymptotically stable and separate into two asymptotically free parts that decouple in the limit --- a soliton and radiation. Conversely, in a general setting, any solution …

Retrieval Of Foliar Information About Plant Pigment Systems From High Resolution Spectroscopy, Susan L. Ustin, Anatoly A. Gitelson, Stéphane Jacquemoud, Michael Schaepman, Gregory P. Asner, John A. Gamon, Pablo Zarco-Tejada

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Life on Earth depends on photosynthesis. Photosynthetic systems evolved early in Earth history and have been stable for 2.5 billion years, providing prima facie evidence for the significance of pigments in plant functions. Photosynthetic pigments fill multiple roles from increasing the range of energy captured for photosynthesis to protective functions. Given the importance of pigments to leaf functioning, greater effort is needed to determine whether individual pigments can be identified and quantified in vivo using high fidelity spectroscopy. We review recent advances in detecting plant pigments at the leaf level and discuss successes and reasons why challenges remain for robust …

Photosynthetic Performance Of Invasive Pinus Ponderosa And Juniperus Virginiana Seedlings Under Gradual Soil Water Depletion, Saadia Bihmidine, N. M. Bryan, K. R. Payne, M. R. Parde, Jane A. Okalebo, Sharon E. Cooperstein, Tala Awada

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Changes in climate, land management and fire regime have contributed to woody species expansion into grasslands and savannas worldwide. In the USA, Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson and Juniperus virginiana L. are expanding into semiarid grasslands of Nebraska and other regions of the Great Plains. We examined P. ponderosa and J. virginiana seedling response to soil water content, one of the most important limiting factors in semiarid grasslands, to provide insight into their success in the region. Photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, maximum carboxylation velocity, maximum rate of electron transport, stomatal limitation to photosynthesis, water potential, …

Wilderness Serendipity: Planning And Assessing Learning During An Experiential Field Course, Larkin A. Powell, Andrew J. Tyre, Scott E. Hygnstrom, David A. Wedin, P. R. Hanson, Mark S. Kuzila, James B. Swinehart

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Experiential learning opportunities promote skill in problem-solving and critical thinking, but they require unique assessment methods because traditional approaches are difficult to implement in the field. We have conducted a study tour course involving a canoe trip in a wilderness area in northern Minnesota since 2004. Here, we describe how we developed our course's learning experiences, ensured the learning experiences materialized, and assessed the student learning objectives. Proper planning can result in valuable, spontaneous learning experiences. We used a student journal, field-based quiz, and participation grade to effectively assess the breadth of student learning that was inherent in our course. …

The B → Πlν Semileptonic Form Factor From Three-Flavor Lattice Qcd: A Model-Independent Determination Of |Vub|, James E. Hetrick, J. Bailey

All Faculty Articles - School of Engineering and Computer Science

We calculate the form factor f+(q2) for B-meson semileptonic decay in unquenched lattice QCD with 2+1 flavors of light sea quarks. We use Asqtad-improved staggered light quarks and a Fermilab bottom quark on gauge configurations generated by the MILC Collaboration. We simulate with several light-quark masses and at two lattice spacings, and extrapolate to the physical quark mass and continuum limit using heavy-light meson staggered chiral perturbation theory. We then fit the lattice result for f(q2) simultaneously with that measured by the BABAR experiment using a parameterization of the form-factor shape in q2, which relies only on analyticity and unitarity …

Sfa Weather Station-September 2009, Arthur Temple College Of Forestry And Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University

Weather Station Data

No abstract provided.

Refuge Update – September/October 2009, Volume 6, Number 5

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:

Mystery of the Dying Cormorants Why did hundreds of Brandt’s cormorants wash up on the shores of central California? Page 5

FOCUS: Ambassadors in the Community Refuges are good neighbors whether they are playing softball, turning landfills into salt marshes or inspiring young people. Pages 8–15

Around the Refuge System Can a variation on a kids’ game keep elk from devouring bird and fish habitat? Pages 20–22

Continuous Trace C*-Algebras, Gauge Groups And Rationalization, John R. Klein, Claude Schochet, Samuel B. Smith

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

Let ζ be an n-dimensional complex matrix bundle over a compact metric space X and let A_ζ denote the C*-algebra of sections of this bundle. We determine the rational homotopy type as an H-space of UA_ζ, the group of unitaries of A_ζ. The answer turns out to be independent of the bundle ζ and depends only upon n and the rational cohomology of X. We prove analogous results for the gauge group and the projective gauge group of a principal bundle over a compact metric space X.

Novel Catalytic Process For Flue Gas Conditioning In Electrostatic Precipitators Of Coal-Fired Power Plants, Andrey N. Zagoruiko, Bair S. Balzhinimaev, Sergey V. Vanag, Sergey A. Lopatin, Alexander M. Zykov, Sergey N. Anichkov, Nick D. Hutson

Andrey N Zagoruiko

The presentation is devoted to the development of the new catalytic process for oxidation of SO2 to SO3 on the base of the novel Pt-containing catalyst with Zr-Si fiber-glass support. It was demonstrated that such catalyst reveals excellent low-temperature activity and unique long-term operation stability. The process may be applied for production of SO3 for conditioning of flue gases from coal-fired powerplants.

New Generation Of Catalytic Technologies For Environmental Protection On The Base Of Fiber-Glass Catalysts, Bair S. Balzhinimaev, Andrey N. Zagoruiko

Andrey N Zagoruiko

Novel glass-fiber based catalysts containing extra-low amounts of noble metals (0.01-0.02% mass of Pt or Pd) demonstrate unique performance in many catalytic reactions, resulted from the ability of the glass fibers to stabilize the transient metals in the glass bulk in a highly-dispersed form. Moreover, specific heat/mass transfer properties, original geometry, high flexibility and high mechanical strength of such catalysts give the way to develop really new catalytic processes and novel reactor designs. The paper is dedicated to the successful research and development (from fundamental research issues to pilot and semi-industrial tests) of different catalytic oxidation processes based on application …

Marginal Hazards Model For Multivariate Failure Time Data With Auxiliary Covariates, Zhaozhi Fan, Xiao-Feng Wang

Xiaofeng Wang

A marginal hazards model of multivariate failure times has been developed based on the ‘working independence’ assumption [L.J. Wei, D.Y. Lin, and L. Wessfeld, Regression analysis of multivariate incomplete failure time data by modeling marginal distributions, J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 84 (1989), pp. 1065–1073.]. In this article, we study the marginal hazards model of multivariate failure times with continuous auxiliary covariates. We consider the case of common baseline hazards for subjects from the same clusters. We extend the kernel smoothing procedure of Zhou and Wang [H. Zhou and C.Y. Wang, Failure time regression with continuous covariates measured with error, J. …

Modeling Future Record Performances In Athletics, Joseph Hilbe

Joseph M Hilbe

No abstract provided.

Lrm Revision To Ch 2.1, Joseph Hilbe

Joseph M Hilbe

Rewording of part Ch 2.1 of Logistic Regression Models

Bipolar Electrode Focusing: Simultaneous Concentration Enrichment And Separation In A Microfluidic Channel Containing A Bipolar Electrode, Derek R. Laws, Dzmitry Hlushkou, Robbyn K. Perdue, Ulrich Tallarek, Richard M. Crooks

Robbyn Anand

A method for simultaneously concentrating and separating analytes in a buffer-filled microfluidic channel is reported. The approach is based on modulation of the local electric field within the channel and the corresponding opposition of electrophoretic and electroosmotic flow (EOF) velocities. Dye molecules having different electrophoretic mobilities are focused at different locations within the channel where concentration takes place. At least three species, all small dye molecules, can be simultaneously concentrated and separated, with localized enrichment factors up to ∼600 achieved within 400 s. The enrichment zones affect the electric field profile, as evidenced by significant differences in focusing of single …

A Music Context For Teaching Introductory Computing, Ananya Misra, Doug Blank, Deepak Kumar

Computer Science Faculty Research and Scholarship

We describe myro.chuck, a Python module for controlling music synthesis, and its applications to teaching introductory computer science. The module was built within the Myro framework using the ChucK programming language, and was used in an introductory computer science course combining robots, graphics and music. The results supported the value of music in engaging students and broadening their view of computer science.

Initial Framework For Measuring And Evaluating Heuristic Problem Solving, Zhisheng Huang, Annette Ten Teije, Frank Van Harmelen, Gaston Tagni, Hansjorg Neth, Lael Schooler, Sebastian Rudolph, Pascal Hitzler, Tuvshintur Tserendorj, Yi Huang, Danica Damljanovic, Angus Roberts

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

One of the key aspects in the development of LarKC is how to evaluate the performance of the platform and its constituent components in order to guarantee that the execution of a pipeline will match the user’s needs and provide the desired solutions (answers) to the user’s queries. Therefore, in this deliverable, the first in a series three documents concerned with the definition of a Framework for Measuring and Evaluating Heuristic Problem Solving, we make the first steps towards defining such framework by considering the theoretical foundations and principles of evaluation and measurement theory, discussing several important aspects related to …

Anomaly Detection In Hyperspectral Imagery: Comparison Of Methods Using Diurnal And Seasonal Data, Patrick C. Hytla, Russell C. Hardie, Michael T. Eismann, Joseph Meola

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The use of hyperspectral imaging is a fast growing field with many applications in the civilian, commercial and military sectors. Hyperspectral images are typically composed of many spectral bands in the visible and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and have the potential to deliver a great deal of information about a remotely sensed scene. One area of interest regarding hyperspectral images is anomaly detection, or the ability to find spectral outliers within a complex background in a scene with no a priori information about the scene or its specific contents. Anomaly detectors typically operate by creating a statistical background …

Activity-Aware Electrocardiogram-Based Passive Ongoing Biometric Verification, Janani C. Sriram

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

Identity fraud due to lost, stolen or shared information or tokens that represent an individual's identity is becoming a growing security concern. Biometric recognition - the identification or verification of claimed identity, shows great potential in bridging some of the existing security gaps. It has been shown that the human Electrocardiogram (ECG) exhibits sufficiently unique patterns for use in biometric recognition. But it also exhibits significant variability due to stress or activity, and signal artifacts due to movement. In this thesis, we develop a novel activity-aware ECG-based biometric recognition scheme that can verify/identify under different activity conditions. From a pattern …

Synorogenic Evolution Of Large-Scale Drainage Patterns: Isotope Paleohydrology Of Sequential Laramide Basins, Steven J. Davis, Hari T. Mix, Bettina A. Wiegand, Alan R. Carroll, C. Page Chamberlain

Environmental Studies and Sciences

In the past decade, we and others have compiled an extensive dataset of O, C and Sr isotope stratigraphies from sedimentary basins throughout the Paleogene North American Cordillera. In this study, we present new results from the Piceance Creek Basin of northwest Colorado, which record the evolving hydrology of the Eocene Green River Lake system. We then place the new data in the context of the broader Cordilleran dataset and summarize implications for understanding the synorogenic evolution of large-scale drainage patterns. The combined data reflect (1) a period of throughgoing foreland rivers heading in the Sevier fold-and-thrust belt and flowing …

The 8 Μm Phase Variation Of The Hot Saturn Hd 149026b, Heather Knutson, David Charbonneau, Nicolas B. Cowan, Jonathan J. Fortney, Adam P. Showman, Eric Agol, Gregory W. Henry

Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications

We monitor the star HD 149026 and its Saturn-mass planet at 8.0 μm over slightly more than half an orbit using the Infrared Array Camera on the Spitzer Space Telescope. We find an increase of 0.0227% ± 0.0066% (3.4σ significance) in the combined planet–star flux during this interval. The minimum flux from the planet is 45% ± 19% of the maximum planet flux, corresponding to a difference in brightness temperature of 480 ± 140 K between the two hemispheres. We derive a new secondary eclipse depth of 0.0411% ± 0.0076% in this band, corresponding to a dayside brightness temperature of …

Compendium Of Polymer Terminology And Nomenclature: Iupac Recommendations, 2008 (Book Review), Jeffrey H. Glans

Chemistry & Physics Faculty Publications

Book review by Jeffrey Glans.

Polymer Division, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature: IUPAC Recommendations, 2008. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2009.

Electric Field Enhancement Of Electron Emission Rates From Z(1/2) Centers In 4h-Sic, A. O. Evwaraye, S. R. Smith, William C. Mitchel, Gary C. Farlow

Physics Faculty Publications

Z_1/2 defect centers were produced by irradiating 4H-SiC bulk samples with 1 MeV electrons at room temperature. The emission rate dependence on the electric field in the depletion region was measured using deep level transient spectroscopy and double-correlation deep level transient spectroscopy. It is found that the Z_1/2 defect level shows a strong electric field dependence with activation energy decreasing from E_c−0.72 eV at zero field to E_c−0.47 eV at 6.91×10⁵ V/cm. The phonon assisted tunneling model of Karpus and Perel [Sov. Phys. JETP 64, 1376 (1986) ] completely describes the …

Reticulate Evolution And Marine Organisms: The Final Frontier?, Michael L. Arnold, Nicole D. Fogarty

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The role that reticulate evolution (i.e., via lateral transfer, viral recombination and/or introgressive hybridization) has played in the origin and adaptation of individual taxa and even entire clades continues to be tested for all domains of life. Though falsified for some groups, the hypothesis of divergence in the face of gene flow is becoming accepted as a major facilitator of evolutionary change for many microorganisms, plants and animals. Yet, the effect of reticulate evolutionary change in certain assemblages has been doubted, either due to an actual dearth of genetic exchange among the lineages belonging to these clades or …

Movements And Habitat Utilization Of Two Longbill Spearfish Tetrapturus Pfluegeri In The Eastern Tropical South Atlantic Ocean, David W. Kerstetter, Eric S. Orbesen, S. Robert Snodgrass, Eric Prince

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The longbill spearfish Tetrapturus pfleugeri Robins and de Sylva, 1963, is a small istiophorid billfish found in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas that occurs as an infrequent by-catch in recreational and commercial pelagic fisheries. Although some data exist on diet and reproduction based on dead specimens, little is known of the species’ habitat preferences or individual movement patterns. In 2004, two longbill spearfish were tagged with pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) near Ascencion Island in the South Atlantic for 11 d and 45 d. Individual movement tracks derived from light-based geolocation estimates suggested little relationship with sea surface temperature …

Improved Confidence In (U-Th)/He Thermochronology Using The Laser Microprobe: An Example From A Pleistocene Leucogranite, Nanga Parbat, Pakistan, J. W. Boyce, K. V. Hodges, D. King, James L. Crowley, M. Jercinovic, N. Chatterjee, S. A. Bowring, M. Searle

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The newly developed laser microprobe (U-Th)/He thermochronometer permits, for the first time, the ability to generate precise (U-Th)/He cooling ages for even very young (Ma) samples with a spatial resolution on the order of tens of micrometers. This makes it possible to test the reproducibility of independent (U-Th)/He age determinations within individual crystals, further increasing the reliability of the method. As an example, we apply it here to a Pleistocene granite from Nanga Parbat, Pakistan, where previous constraints on the thermal history are consistent with rapid exhumation and cooling. Twenty-one (U-Th)/He dates determined on two monazite crystals from a single …

Understanding Paleoclimate And Human Evolution Through The Hominin Sites And Paleolakes Drilling Project, Andrew Cohen, Ramon Arrowsmith, Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Christopher Campisano, Craig Feibel, Shimeles Fisseha, Roy Johnson, Zelalem Bedaso, Charles Lockwood, Emma Mbua, Daniel Olago, Richard Potts, Kaye Reed, Robin Renaut, Jean-Jacques Tiercelin, Mohammed Umer

Geology Faculty Publications

Understanding the evolution of humans and our close relatives is one of the enduring scientific issues of modern times. Since the time of Charles Darwin, scientists have speculated on how and when we evolved and what conditions drove this evolutionary story. The detective work required to address these questions is necessarily interdisciplinary, involving research in anthropology, archaeology, human genetics and genomics, and the earth sciences. In addition to the difficult tasks of finding, describing, and interpreting hominin fossils (the taxonomic tribe which includes Homo sapiens and our close fossil relatives from the last 6 Ma), much of modern geological research …

Chemically Decorated Boron-Nitride Nanoribbons, Xiao-Jun Wu, Men-Hao Wu, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

Motivated by recent studies of graphenen nanoribbons (GNRs), we explored electronic properties of pure and chemically modified boron nitride nanoribbons (BNNRs) using the density functional theory method. Pure BNNRs with both edges fully saturated by hydrogen are semiconducting with wide band gaps. Values of the band gap depend on the width and the type of edge. The chemical decoration of BNNRs’ edges with four different functional groups, including -F, -Cl, -OH, and -NO₂, was investigated. The band-gap modulation by chemical decoration may be exploited for nanoelectronic applications.

Nonperturbative Treatment Of Double Compton Backscattering In Intense Laser Fields, Erik Lotstedt, Ulrich D. Jentschura

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The emission of a pair of entangled photons by an electron in an intense laser field can be described by two-photon transitions of laser-dressed, relativistic Dirac-Volkov states. In the limit of a small laser field intensity, the two-photon transition amplitude approaches the result predicted by double Compton scattering theory. Multiexchange processes with the laser field, including a large number of exchanged laser photons, cannot be described without the fully relativistic Dirac-Volkov propagator. The nonperturbative treatment significantly alters theoretical predictions for future experiments of this kind. We quantify the degree of polarization correlation of the photons in the final state by …