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2010

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Articles 4981 - 5010 of 8621

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Construction, Figures Of Merit And Testing Of A Single-Cell Fluorescence Excitation Spectroscopy System, Laura S. Hill, Tammi L. Richardson, Louisa T.M. Profeta, Timothy J. Shaw, Christopher J. Hintz, Benjamin S. Twining, Evelyn Lawrenz, Micheal L. Myrick Jan 2010

Construction, Figures Of Merit And Testing Of A Single-Cell Fluorescence Excitation Spectroscopy System, Laura S. Hill, Tammi L. Richardson, Louisa T.M. Profeta, Timothy J. Shaw, Christopher J. Hintz, Benjamin S. Twining, Evelyn Lawrenz, Micheal L. Myrick

Faculty Publications

Characterization of phytoplankton community composition is critical to understanding the ecology and biogeochemistry of the oceans. One approach to taxonomic characterization takes advantage of differing pigmentation between algal taxa and thus differences in fluorescence excitation spectra. Analyses of bulk water samples, however, may be confounded by interference from chromophoric dissolved organic matter or suspended particulate matter. Here, we describe an instrument that uses a laser trap based on a Nikon TE2000-U microscope to position individual phytoplankton cells for confocal fluorescence excitation spectroscopy, thus avoiding interference from the surrounding medium. Quantitative measurements of optical power give data in the form of …


Pattern-Avoiding Colored Partitions, Lara Pudwell Jan 2010

Pattern-Avoiding Colored Partitions, Lara Pudwell

Lara K. Pudwell

No abstract provided.


Analysis Of Non-Covalent Interactions Between The Nanoparticulate Fillers Andthe Matrix Polymer As Applied To Shape Memory Performance, I. Sedat Gunes, Cesar Perez-Bolivar, Feina Cao, Guillermo A. Jimenez, Pavel Anzenbacher, Sadhan C. Jana Jan 2010

Analysis Of Non-Covalent Interactions Between The Nanoparticulate Fillers Andthe Matrix Polymer As Applied To Shape Memory Performance, I. Sedat Gunes, Cesar Perez-Bolivar, Feina Cao, Guillermo A. Jimenez, Pavel Anzenbacher, Sadhan C. Jana

Pavel Anzenbacher

Non-covalent interactions between filler particles and polyurethanes were investigated using fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The results were used in the analysis of shape memory (SM) performance of polyurethanes. Composites of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) and carbon nanofiber (CNF), oxidized carbon nanofiber (ox-CNF), organoclay, silicon carbide, and carbon black were prepared from diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4-butanediol, and poly(caprolactone) diol. It was revealed by fluorescence emission spectroscopy that primarily the urethane groups located in the hard segments of SMPU interacted with the polar functional groups on filler particles. A close correlation between the extent of non-covalent filler-matrix interactions, soft segment crystallinity, and SM properties …


Discovery Of Variability In The Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Of 1es 1218+304 With Veritas, P. T. Reynolds, Et Al Jan 2010

Discovery Of Variability In The Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Emission Of 1es 1218+304 With Veritas, P. T. Reynolds, Et Al

Physical Sciences Publications

We present results from an intensive VERITAS monitoring campaign of the high-frequency peaked BL Lac object 1ES 1218+304 in 2008/2009. Although 1ES 1218+304 was detected previously by MAGIC and VERITAS at a persistent level of ~6% of the Crab Nebula flux, the new VERITAS data reveal a prominent flare reaching ~20% of the Crab. While very high energy (VHE) flares are quite common in many nearby blazars, the case of 1ES 1218+304 (redshift z = 0.182) is particularly interesting since it belongs to a group of blazars that exhibit unusually hard VHE spectra considering their redshifts. When correcting the measured …


Evaluation Of Large, Mobile, Decoy Traps For Managing Blackbird Damage To Ripening Sunflower, George M. Linz, Anthony Slowik, H. Jeffrey Homan, Robert Byrd Jan 2010

Evaluation Of Large, Mobile, Decoy Traps For Managing Blackbird Damage To Ripening Sunflower, George M. Linz, Anthony Slowik, H. Jeffrey Homan, Robert Byrd

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

An estimated 75 million blackbirds migrate through the sunflower growing regions of the Great Plains and can cause severe damage to ripening sunflower and corn. If bird damage can be reduced or kept at levels <10% significant profits can be made. USDA Wildlife Services (WS) has developed some tools to help producers defend their fields against blackbird damage.

Eliminating problem roosts by applying glyphosate herbicide to dense stands of cattail in wetlands favored by blackbirds has been used successfully and has been a well received program. However, WS only has sufficient funds to treat <1 % of the estimated 547,000 acres of cattails in North Dakota.


Assessment Of Woven Wire For Reducing Predation On Red-Winged Blackbird Nests, Anthony A. Slowik, George M. Linz, H. Jeffrey Homan Jan 2010

Assessment Of Woven Wire For Reducing Predation On Red-Winged Blackbird Nests, Anthony A. Slowik, George M. Linz, H. Jeffrey Homan

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Red-winged blackbirds (RWBL) are a polygynous species, and disruptions to either territorial behavior or reproductive fitness of the males has potential to lower annual productivity of several females. A reduction in the number of fledglings produced per territory could ultimately result in lower damage to grain crops, at least on a local scale. It is thus feasible that socially acceptable nonlethal methods, including reproductive inhibition through either physical or chemical means, may accomplish a reduction in crop damage.

Scientists at the USDA, Wildlife Services' National Wildlife Research Center have shown that reproductive inhibition is an effective method for reducing local …


Field Testing Class Iiib Handheld Lasers To Disperse Roosting Blackbirds, H. Jeffrey Homan, Anthony Slowik, Bradley F. Blackwell, George M. Linz Jan 2010

Field Testing Class Iiib Handheld Lasers To Disperse Roosting Blackbirds, H. Jeffrey Homan, Anthony Slowik, Bradley F. Blackwell, George M. Linz

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

During late summer and fall, a hectare of cattail in a cattail-dominated wetland can hold about 1500 blackbirds. Thus, even small wetlands of 5-1 0 hectares that become roosts can cause significant problems for sunflower producers. USDA Wildlife Services has a cattail management program in North Dakota and South Dakota that helps sunflower producers eliminate cattail vegetation near susceptible fields. However, cattail-reduction treatments (which typically occur in August or September) do not break the cattail stalks, and the roosting substrate remains in place until the following year. Moreover, the sites selected for treatment are generally signed up at least one-year …


Assessment Of Bird Damage To Sunflower And Corn In North Dakota, Megan Klosterman, George M. Linz, Tony Slowik, William Bleier Jan 2010

Assessment Of Bird Damage To Sunflower And Corn In North Dakota, Megan Klosterman, George M. Linz, Tony Slowik, William Bleier

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

North Dakota is the top sunflower producer in the United States, annually harvesting about 1 million acres (404,686 ha). The red-winged blackbird (RWBL), common grackle (COGR), and yellow-headed blackbird (YHBL) cause significant damage to these crops. Peer et al. (2003) estimated bird damage to sunflower at $5-10 million annually. Recently, corn has become a major crop within the state with 69,793,704.56 hectares planted in 2008 and 2009.
In the past 40 years, stable YHBL and increased COGR populations in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) may have lead to greater losses. While RWBL populations have declined slightly, populations in North Dakota …


Design Considerations For High Efficiency Liquid Crystal Decentered Microlens Arrays For Steering Light, Lei Shi, Jianru Shi, Paul F. Mcmanamon, Philip J. Bos Jan 2010

Design Considerations For High Efficiency Liquid Crystal Decentered Microlens Arrays For Steering Light, Lei Shi, Jianru Shi, Paul F. Mcmanamon, Philip J. Bos

Philip J. Bos

We have investigated the causes of low efficiency for optical beam steering devices based on liquid crystal decentered microlens arrays (DLAs). We show that the efficiency is effected by the relative phase of light exiting the individual lenses, the imperfect focusing of small lenses due to diffraction, the aberrations related to off-axis light going through a lens, and the diffraction spreading of light beams going through the DLA structure. A high steering efficiency of over 94.4% is demonstrated by modeling the transmitted light through the DLA with scalar diffraction theory. We also propose modified phase profiles for the lenses that …


Exploring The Benefits Of Adaptive Sequential Designs In Time-To-Event Endpoint Settings, Sarah C. Emerson, Kyle Rudser, Scott S. Emerson Jan 2010

Exploring The Benefits Of Adaptive Sequential Designs In Time-To-Event Endpoint Settings, Sarah C. Emerson, Kyle Rudser, Scott S. Emerson

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Sequential analysis is frequently employed to address ethical and financial issues in clinical trials. Sequential analysis may be performed using standard group sequential designs, or, more recently, with adaptive designs that use estimates of treatment effect to modify the maximal statistical information to be collected. In the general setting in which statistical information and clinical trial costs are functions of the number of subjects used, it has yet to be established whether there is any major efficiency advantage to adaptive designs over traditional group sequential designs. In survival analysis, however, statistical information (and hence efficiency) is most closely related to …


Harmonic Mapping Problem And Affine Capacity, Tadeusz Iwaniec, Leonid V. Kovalev, Jani Onninen Jan 2010

Harmonic Mapping Problem And Affine Capacity, Tadeusz Iwaniec, Leonid V. Kovalev, Jani Onninen

Mathematics - All Scholarship

The Harmonic Mapping Problem asks when there exists a harmonic homeomorphism between two given domains. It arises in the theory of minimal surfaces and in calculus of variations, specifically in hyperelasticity theory. We investigate this problem for doubly connected domains in the plane, where it already presents considerable challenge and leads to several interesting open questions.


Operator Bias With Optical Wedges In Point Sampling, Jerome K. Vanclay Jan 2010

Operator Bias With Optical Wedges In Point Sampling, Jerome K. Vanclay

Professor Jerome K Vanclay

Point sampling, or sampling with probability proportional to size (PPS), is an efficient technique often used in timber cruising, but care must be taken to avoid operator bias.


A Game Theoretic Framework For Multi-Agent Deployment In Intrusion Detection Systems, Cheng-Kuang Wu Jan 2010

A Game Theoretic Framework For Multi-Agent Deployment In Intrusion Detection Systems, Cheng-Kuang Wu

Cheng-Kuang Wu

Due to cost considerations there must exist in intrusion detection system, a trade-off between the user’s ease of access and capability of detecting attacks. The proposed framework applies two game theoretic models for economic deployment of intrusion detection agent. The first scheme models and analyzes the interaction behaviors between an attacker and intrusion detection agent within a non-cooperative game, and then the security risk value is derived from the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium. The second scheme uses the security risk value to compute the Shapley value of intrusion detection agent while considering the various threat levels. Therefore, the efficient agent …


A Transition-Phase Teleconnection Of The Pacific Quasi-Decadal Oscillation, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang, R. R. Gillies, L. E. Hipps, J. Jin Jan 2010

A Transition-Phase Teleconnection Of The Pacific Quasi-Decadal Oscillation, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang, R. R. Gillies, L. E. Hipps, J. Jin

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

The atmospheric circulation patterns associated with the Pacific quasi-decadal oscillation (QDO) are investigated using available observational data from 1948 to 2007. Previous studies indicate that the Pacific QDO is characterized by a distinct lifecycle in the form of sea surface temperature (SST) patterns. In the warm and cool phases of the Pacific QDO, the SST patterns resemble those associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). During the warm–cool and cool–warm transitions of the Pacific QDO, recurrent SST patterns are also clearly visible. The rotated empirical orthogonal function analysis on the 10–15 year filtered data shows that the evolutions of SST …


Phase Transition Enthalpy Measurements Of Organic And Organometallic Compounds. Sublimation, Vaporization And Fusion Enthalpies From 1880 To 2010, William Acree, James Chickos Jan 2010

Phase Transition Enthalpy Measurements Of Organic And Organometallic Compounds. Sublimation, Vaporization And Fusion Enthalpies From 1880 To 2010, William Acree, James Chickos

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Works

No abstract provided.


Homocystamides Promote Free-Radical And Oxidative Damage To Proteins, Martha Sibrian-Vazquez, Jorge O. Escobedo, Soojin Lim, George K. Samoei, Robert M. Strongin Jan 2010

Homocystamides Promote Free-Radical And Oxidative Damage To Proteins, Martha Sibrian-Vazquez, Jorge O. Escobedo, Soojin Lim, George K. Samoei, Robert M. Strongin

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Elevated levels of homocysteine are associated with several major diseases. However, it is not clear whether homocysteine is a marker or a causative agent. The majority (ca. 80%) of the homocysteine present in humans is protein bound. The study of the posttranslational modification of proteins by homocysteine and its cyclic congener, homocysteine thiolactone, is emerging as an area of great current interest for unraveling the ongoing “mediator/marker controversy” [Jacobsen DW (2009) Clin Chem 55:1–2]. Interestingly, many of the pathologies associated with homocysteine are also linked to oxidative stress. In the current study, chemical evidence for a causal relationship between homocysteine-bound …


The Last Days Of Shismaref, Thomas A. Ipri Jan 2010

The Last Days Of Shismaref, Thomas A. Ipri

Library Faculty Publications

The Last Days of Shishmaref chronicles the lives of several families who live in the eponymous village in northwest Alaska as the effects of global warming begin to decimate their surroundings. This beautifully filmed and meditative documentary focuses on the lives of the Inupiaq Eskimo villagers and does not overtly politicize the often volatile issue of the causes of global warming. The film is more concerned with the effects of climate change rather than the causes.


Split Estate, Thomas A. Ipri Jan 2010

Split Estate, Thomas A. Ipri

Library Faculty Publications

The concept of a split estate refers to the fact that owners of a property do not necessarily own the minerals and resources that reside under the property.
Debra Anderson’s Split Estate highlights the more damning aspects of this oddity by documenting how oil and gas companies are setting up shop on home
owner’s land. In some instances, oil rigs are constructing within 100 feet of people’s homes.


Phase Transition Enthalpy Measurements Of Organic And Organometallic Compounds. Sublimation, Vaporization And Fusion Enthalpies From 1880 To 2010, William E. Acree, James S. Chickos Jan 2010

Phase Transition Enthalpy Measurements Of Organic And Organometallic Compounds. Sublimation, Vaporization And Fusion Enthalpies From 1880 To 2010, William E. Acree, James S. Chickos

James Chickos

No abstract provided.


On The Feasibility Of A Timely Transition To A More Sustainable Energy Future, Micha Tomkiewicz Jan 2010

On The Feasibility Of A Timely Transition To A More Sustainable Energy Future, Micha Tomkiewicz

Publications and Research

The paper uses the framework of the IPAT equation, as applied to CO2 emission, to decompose the various driving forces in the global energy use. Data from recent history are superimposed on projections of SRES IPCC scenarios to determine if enough sustainable capacity can be built to prevent irreversible ecological deterioration. The conclusion from the analysis is that, in agreement with the IPCC 4th report, until about 2030 there are no large differences between a sustainable scenario and the one that resembles “business as usual”. The sharp divergence that follows stems from different estimates in population growth and in the …


Diurnal Movements And Site Fidelity Of The Florida Manatee, Trichechus Manatus Latirostris, In Fort Lauderdale, Fl., Kym Walsh Jan 2010

Diurnal Movements And Site Fidelity Of The Florida Manatee, Trichechus Manatus Latirostris, In Fort Lauderdale, Fl., Kym Walsh

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

The diurnal movements of Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in warmwater refugia are poorly understood and these may prove critical in accurately estimating populations of these animals. Previous studies indicate that manatee populations in such refuges in Tampa Bay, FL, peak mid-day and decline towards evening when the animals leave to forage. This trend suggests that variation in the timing of aerial manatee population surveys may hamper accurate estimation of the true population size. Aerial survey counts are known to underestimate population size, yet the extent of the underestimation may be greater than expected. In this study data …


Cosmic Evolution Of Black Holes And Spheroids. Iv. The MBh - LSph Relation, Vardha N. Bennert, Tommaso Treu, Jong-Hak Woo, Matthew A. Malkan, Alexandre Le Bris, Matthew W. Auger, Sarah Gallagher, Roger D. Blandford Jan 2010

Cosmic Evolution Of Black Holes And Spheroids. Iv. The MBh - LSph Relation, Vardha N. Bennert, Tommaso Treu, Jong-Hak Woo, Matthew A. Malkan, Alexandre Le Bris, Matthew W. Auger, Sarah Gallagher, Roger D. Blandford

Physics

From high-resolution images of 23 Seyfert-1 galaxies at z = 0.36 and z = 0.57 obtained with the Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), we determine host-galaxy morphology, nuclear luminosity, total host-galaxy luminosity, and spheroid luminosity. Keck spectroscopy is used to estimate black hole mass (M BH). We study the cosmic evolution of the M BH-spheroid luminosity (L sph) relation. In combination with our previous work, totaling 40 Seyfert-1 galaxies, the covered range in BH mass is substantially increased, allowing us to determine for the first time …


The Determination Of Reddening From Intrinsic Vr Colors Of Rr Lyrae Stars, Andrea Kunder, Brian Chaboyer, Andrew Layden Jan 2010

The Determination Of Reddening From Intrinsic Vr Colors Of Rr Lyrae Stars, Andrea Kunder, Brian Chaboyer, Andrew Layden

Dartmouth Scholarship

New R-band observations of 21 local field RR Lyrae variable stars are used to explore the reliability of minimum light (VR) colors as a tool for measuring interstellar reddening. For each star, R-band intensity mean magnitudes and light amplitudes are presented. Corresponding V-band light curves from the literature are supplemented with the new photometry, and (VR) colors at minimum light are determined for a subset of these stars as well as for other stars in the literature. Two different definitions of minimum light color are examined, one which uses …


The Acs Survey Of Galactic Globular Clusters. Viii. Effects Of Environment On Globular Cluster Global Mass Functions, Nathaniel E. Q. Paust, I. Neill Reid, Giampaolo Piotto, Antonio Aparicio, Jay Anderson, Ata Sarajedini, Luigi R. Bedin, Brian Chaboyer Jan 2010

The Acs Survey Of Galactic Globular Clusters. Viii. Effects Of Environment On Globular Cluster Global Mass Functions, Nathaniel E. Q. Paust, I. Neill Reid, Giampaolo Piotto, Antonio Aparicio, Jay Anderson, Ata Sarajedini, Luigi R. Bedin, Brian Chaboyer

Dartmouth Scholarship

We have used observations obtained as part of the Hubble Space Telescope/ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters to construct global present-day mass functions for 17 globular clusters utilizing multi-mass King models to extrapolate from our observations to the global cluster behavior. The global present-day mass functions for these clusters are well matched by power laws from the turnoff, ≈0.8 M , to 0.2-0.3 M on the lower main sequence. The slopes of those power-law fits, α, have been correlated with an extensive set of intrinsic and extrinsic cluster properties to investigate which parameters may influence the form …


Rfid-Enabled Warehouse Process Optimization In The Tpl Industry, S. F. Wamba, A. T. Chatfield Jan 2010

Rfid-Enabled Warehouse Process Optimization In The Tpl Industry, S. F. Wamba, A. T. Chatfield

Dr Samuel Fosso Wamba

Using the value chain model and a longitudinal real-world case study of a third-party logistics (TPL) supply chain, this study provides support for the enabling role of RFID technology in effecting warehouse process optimization. Furthermore, the findings of our study reveal the RFID technology implementation costs as the key inhibitors factor of RFID widespread adoption and usage among suppliers.


Rfid-Enabled Inventory Control Optimization: A Proof Of Concept In A Small-To-Medium Retailer, H. Dane, Katina Michael, S. F. Wamba Jan 2010

Rfid-Enabled Inventory Control Optimization: A Proof Of Concept In A Small-To-Medium Retailer, H. Dane, Katina Michael, S. F. Wamba

Dr Samuel Fosso Wamba

This study examines the impact of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology on the inventory control practices of a small-to-medium retailer using a proof of concept (PoC) approach. The exploratory study was conducted using a single case study of a hardware retailer stocking 5000 product lines provided by 110 active suppliers. To analyze the present mode of operation, procedural documents, semi-structured interviews and a participant observation was conducted. The basis for the proof of concept was a future mode of operation using a quasi-experimental design. Results indicate that in a small-to-medium retail environment, RFID technology could act as a loss prevention mechanism, …


Rfid-Enabled Warehouse Optimization: Lessons From Early Adopters In The 3pl Industry, S. F. Wamba, T. R. Coltman, Katina Michael Jan 2010

Rfid-Enabled Warehouse Optimization: Lessons From Early Adopters In The 3pl Industry, S. F. Wamba, T. R. Coltman, Katina Michael

Dr Samuel Fosso Wamba

This paper presents the impact of RFID technology on the picking and shipping processes of one RFID-enabled warehouse in the 3PL industry. The findings from our study confirm initial results from many studies where RFID implementation has been shown to enable business process redesign, improve data quality, real-time data collection and synchronization and enhance system integration. In this study we show that the full potential of RFID technology is dependent upon the involvement of all supply chain members involved in implementation. Moreover, firms considering implementing RFID technology need to take into account their investment in complementary assets such as employee …


Understanding The Impact Of Emerging Technologies On Process Optimization: The Case Of Rfid Technology, S. F. Wamba, Y. Bendavid Jan 2010

Understanding The Impact Of Emerging Technologies On Process Optimization: The Case Of Rfid Technology, S. F. Wamba, Y. Bendavid

Dr Samuel Fosso Wamba

This paper examines the case of one supply chain in the electricity sector where RFID technology integrated with firm’s information systems acts as an enabler of process optimization. Using a business process approach and laboratory simulation, we explain how the implementation of RFID technology can increase the visibility of information at various layers of the supply chain, allowing members to gather precise information on real demand and improve replenishment processes. On the other hand, while RFID technology has the potential to automate some processes, human intervention is still required. Therefore, use case scenarios and sensitivity analysis should be carefully considered …


Determinants Of The Adoption Of Customer-Oriented Mobile Commerce Initiatives, Léger Pierre-Majorique, Luc Cassivi, S. F. Wamba Jan 2010

Determinants Of The Adoption Of Customer-Oriented Mobile Commerce Initiatives, Léger Pierre-Majorique, Luc Cassivi, S. F. Wamba

Dr Samuel Fosso Wamba

This paper investigates organizations implementing mobile commerce initiatives. Mobile commerce (m-commerce) is defined as the wireless B2B and B2C exchange of operational and financial data within a supply chain. Based on a survey conducted with 159 Canadian and Scandinavian executive managers, this paper tests several theoretical determinants of customer-oriented m-commerce initiatives. Results indicate that i) the adoption of electronic commerce is a strong determinant for the adoption of m-commerce initiatives, ii) software firms are more inclined to adopt m-commerce initiatives, iii) firm size does not influence the adoption of mobile commerce, and iv) contrary to expectations, firms focusing on B2C …


An Information System Design Theory For And Rfid University-Based Laboratory, S. F. Wamba, Katina Michael Jan 2010

An Information System Design Theory For And Rfid University-Based Laboratory, S. F. Wamba, Katina Michael

Dr Samuel Fosso Wamba

RFID technology is defined as a wireless automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) technology and is considered as “the next big thing” in the management and “the next revolution in supply chain”. Recently, the topic has attracted the interest of the industrial community as well as the scientific community. Following this tendency, this paper applies an Information Systems Design Theory (ISDT) for an RFID-based University Laboratory. For practitioners, the paper provides some insights into the set-up and use of RFID laboratory in university settings, and at the same time, it offers a set of hypotheses that can be empirically tested.