Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Citrate Synthase Activity Does Not Account For Age-Related Differences In Maximum Aerobic Performance In House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), William A. Buttemer, C Bech, Mark A. Chappell

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

We measured basal (BMR) and peak metabolic rates (PMR) in juvenile and adult House Sparrows. Juvenile birds had significantly higher BMR, but lower PMR than adult birds, despite having statistically indistinguishable body masses. We then evaluated the relation between PMR and masses of central and peripheral organs and found that pectoral muscle mass best correlated with PMR in both groups, accounting for about 35% of the variation in PMR. Because citrate synthase (CS) has such major importance in affecting the first committed step in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, we characterized CS activity levels In extracted muscles to see if this …

Infrared Skin Damage Thresholds From 1940-Nm Continuous-Wave Laser Exposures, Jeffrey W. Oliver, David J. Stolarski, Gary D. Noojin, Harvey M. Hodnett, Corey A. Harbert, Kurt J. Schuster, Michaedl F. Foltz, Semih S. Kumru, Clarence P. Cain, C. J. Finkeldei, Gavin Buffington, Isaac D. Noojin, Robert J. Thomas

Physics Faculty Publications

A series of experiments are conducted in vivo using Yucatan mini-pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) to determine thermal damage thresholds to the skin from 1940-nm continuous-wave thulium fiber laser irradiation. Experiments employ exposure durations from 10 ms to 10 s and beam diameters of approximately 4.8 to 18 mm. Thermal imagery data provide a time-dependent surface temperature response from the laser. A damage endpoint of minimally visible effect is employed to determine threshold for damage at 1 and 24 h postexposure. Predicted thermal response and damage thresholds are compared with a numerical model of optical-thermal interaction. Results are compared …

Target Dna Recognition Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Pauline Michaels, Simone Ciampi, Chan Yean Yean, J Justin Gooding

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to differentiate between different target DNA sequences without the use of a redox label or application of large bias voltages. This method relies on the formation of a mixed self-assembled monolayer (SAMs) composed of single-stranded DNA and a diluent, mercaptoethanol. Recognition of the DNA analytes was achieved through the significant increase in conductance for the double stranded DNA, as compared to single-stranded DNA. Non-complementary and single base-pair mismatches were also able to be differentiated. 2010 IEEE.

Silicon (100) Surfaces Modified By Osmium Bipyridine Complexes, Simone Ciampi, Leo M. H Lai, J Justin Gooding

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Tethered osmium bypiridine-pyridine complexes [Os(bpy)2Clpy-R] were prepared from chemically modified non-oxidized silicon (100) electrodes. Pyridinyl groups at the distal end of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs)-modified silicon surfaces were used to coordinatively bind a representative osmium bipyridil complex precursor [Os(bpy)2Cl2]. SAMs presenting the putative osmium ligand were prepared by a step-wise procedure using click reactions of acetylene-terminated alkyl monolayers and isonicotinic acid azide derivatives. The redox properties of the modified Si(100) electrodes were characterized using cyclic voltammetry. 2010 IEEE.

Preparation Of Thiol-Terminated Monolayers On Silicon(100) Surfaces Using Thioacetyl-Protected Alkynethiol, Cheuk Chi Albert Ng, Guillaume Le Saux, Muthukumar Chockalingam, Simone Ciampi, Jason Brian Harper, J Justin Gooding

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The attachment of acetyl-protected alkynethiol groups onto silicon(100) surfaces was achieved using a hydrosilylation methodology. Subsequent deprotection of the thiols using either hydrochloric acid or ammonia solution was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and compared with similar reaction in solution. It was found that ammonia solution was more efficient than hydrochloric acid for the deprotection step. However, the deprotection was much less efficient on the surface than in solution. 2010 IEEE.

Redetermination Of Di-U-Hydrido-Hexahydridotetrakis(Tetrahydrofuran)~ Dialuminium(Iii)Magnesium(Ii), Hima Kumar Lingam, Xuenian Chen, Teshome B. Yisgedu, Zhenguo Huang, Ji-Cheng Zhao, Sheldon G. Shore

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

No abstract provided.

Direct And Inverse Theorems For The Bézier Variant Of Certain Summation-Integral Type Operators, Asha Ram Gairola, P. N. Agrawal

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Recently, the Bézier variant of some well known operators were introduced (cf. [8]-[9]) and their rates of convergence for bounded variation functions have been investigated (cf. [2], [10]). In this paper we establish direct and inverse theorems for the Bézier variant of the operators M_n introduced in [5] in terms of Ditzian-Totik modulus of smoothness \omega_{\varphi^\lambda}(f,t) (0 \leqslant \lambda \leqslant1 ). These operators include the well known Baskakov-Durrmeyer and Szász-Durrmeyer type operators as special cases.

Generalized Catalan Numbers, Sequences And Polynomials, Cemal Koç, İsmai̇l Güloğlu, Songül Esi̇n

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we present an algebraic interpretation for generalized Catalan numbers. We describe them as dimensions of certain subspaces of multilinear polynomials. This description is of utmost importance in the investigation of annihilators in exterior algebras.

Beyond The Pie: Communicating With Smart Objects Using Menu-Based Natural Language Interfaces, Tanmaya Kumar

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

In both real and 3D virtual worlds, people and avatars (representations of people) need to be able to communicate with things around them. Without guidance, however, people cannot use the language that the things can understand. The goal of our research is to extend the 3D virtual world Second Life® to better model pervasive computing and overcome the boundaries of communication. The aim of this paper is to show how to build a dynamic menu-based user interface that enables humans to communicate with model entities. The focus is the applicability of object-specific grammars associated with things (objects in the real …

Research Note: Automated Path Finding Service For Second Life, Daniel Starling

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Defining A Standard Metric For Electricity Savings, Jonathan Koomey, Hashem Akbari, Carl Blumstein, Marilyn Brown, Richard Brown, Chris Calwell, Sheryl Carter, Ralph Cavanagh, Audrey Chang, David Claridge, Paul Craig, Rick Diamond, Joseph H. Eto, William Fulkerson, Ashok Gadgil, Howard Geller, José Goldemberg, Chuck Goldman, David B. Goldstein, Steve Greenberg, David W. Hafemeister, Jeff Harris, Hal Harvey, Eric Heitz, Eric Hirst, Holmes Hummel, Dan Kammen, Henry Kelly, Skip Laitner, Mark Levine, Amory Lovins, Gil Masters, James E. Mcmahon, Alan Meier, Michael Messenger, John Millhone, Evan Mills, Steve Nadel, Bruce Nordman, Lynn Price, Joe Romm, Marc Ross, Michael Rufo, Jayant Sathaye, Lee Schipper, Stephen H. Schneider, James L. Sweeney, Malcolm Verdict, Diana Vorsatz, Devra Wang, Carl Weinberg, Richard Wilk, John Wilson, Ernst Worrell

Physics

The growing investment by governments and electric utilities in energy efficiency programs highlights the need for simple tools to help assess and explain the size of the potential resource. One technique that is commonly used in this effort is to characterize electricity savings in terms of avoided power plants, because it is easier for people to visualize a power plant than it is to understand an abstraction such as billions of kilowatt-hours. Unfortunately, there is no standardization around the characteristics of such power plants.
In this letter we define parameters for a standard avoided power plant that have physical meaning …

Strain Within The Ultrahigh‐Pressure Western Gneiss Region Of Norway Recorded By Quartz Cpos, Nicolas C. Barth, Bradley R. Hacker, Gareth G.E. Seward, Emily O. Walsh, David Young, Scott Johnston

Physics

Electron back‐scatter diffraction was used to measure the crystal preferred orientations (CPOs) from 101 samples across the ultrahigh‐pressure Western Gneiss Region of Norway to assess slip systems, sense of shear, CPO strength, and strain geometry. The CPOs suggest a dominance of prism slip, with lesser amounts of prism [c] slip and basal slip; there are few Type‐I and Type‐II girdles. The major structural feature in the study area—the high‐strain, top‐W, normal‐sense Nordfjord–Sogn Detachment Zone—is characterized by asymmetric and strong CPOs; an eastern domain with strong asymmetric CPOs shows top‐E shear. Strain throughout the study area was characterized by a mix …

Psc 307: Nuclear Weapons Arms Control, David Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Generating System Requirements For A Mobile Digital Evidence Collection System: A Preliminary Step Towards Enhancing The Forensic Collection Of Digital Devices, Ibrahim Baggili

Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

Collecting digital devices in a forensically sound manner is becoming more critical since 80% of all cases have some sort of digital evidence involved in them (Rogers, 2006, p. 1) .The process of documenting and tagging digital devices is cumbersome and involves details that might not apply to other types of evidence, since each evidence item has unique physical characteristics (Hesitis & Wilbon, 2005, p. 17). The process becomes less manageable when a large number of digital devices are seized. This paper examines the information and issues investigators should be aware of when collecting digital devices at crime scenes. Furthermore, …

Gadolinium Concentration Analysis In Brain Phantom By X-Ray Fluorescence, Musaed Almalki, Samir Abdul Majid, Philip H. Butler, Lou Reinisch

Research, Publications & Creative Work

We have measured the X-ray fluorescence from gadolinium as a function of concentration and position in tumors of different sizes and shapes in a head phantom. The gadolinium fluorescence was excited with a 36 GBq Am-241 source. The fluorescence signal was detected with a CdTe detector and a multi-channel analyzer. The fluorescence peak was clearly separated from the scattered X-rays. Concentrations of 5.62–78.63 mg/ml of Gd ion were used in 1, 2, and 3 cm diameter spherical tumors and a 2 9 4 cm oblate spheroid tumor. The data show trends approaching saturation for the highest concentrations, probably due to …

Save Gas Using Your Office Computer From Home, Steve Duckworth, Damon Armour, Jeff Heck

Georgia Library Quarterly

The article discusses the protocols used to establish remote computer connections from home. The Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) used in Windows 7 connecting to a Windows 2008 server reportedly allows the playing of high-definition video using Media Player. It is stated that commercial product connections which may bypass security infrastructure are risky because of the home computer's possible insecurity and that home devices used for business purposes may be legally searched by the state.

The Influence Of Nutrients And Physical Habitat In Regulating Algal Biomass In Agricultural Streams, Mark D. Munn, Jeffrey Frey, Anthony Tesoriero

United States Geological Survey: Water Reports and Publications

This study examined the relative influence of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and habitat on algal biomass in five agricultural regions of the United States. Sites were selected to capture a range of nutrient conditions, with 136 sites distributed over five study areas. Samples were collected in either 2003 or 2004, and analyzed for nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) and algal biomass (chlorophyll a). Chlorophyll a was measured in three types of samples, fine-grained benthic material (CHLFG), coarse-grained stable substrate as in rock or wood (CHLCG), and water column (CHLS). Stream and riparian habitat were characterized at each site. TP ranged from …

Symmetry And Stability Of Homogeneous Flocks, J. J. P. Veerman

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The study of the movement of flocks, whether biological or technological, is motivated by the desire to understand the capability of coherent motion of a large number of agents that only receive very limited information. In a biological flock a large group of animals seek their course while moving in a more or less fixed formation. It seems reasonable that the immediate course is determined by leaders at the boundary of the flock. The others follow: what is their algorithm? The most popular technological application consists of cars on a one-lane road. The light turns green and the lead car …

When Does A Category Built On A Lattice With A Monoidal Structure Have A Monoidal Structure?, Lawrence Stout

Scholarship

In a word, sometimes. And it gets harder if the structure on L is not commutative. In this paper we consider the question of what properties are needed on the lattice L equipped with an operation * for several different kinds of categories built using Sets and L to have monoidal and monoidal closed structures. This works best for the Goguen category Set(L) in which membership, but not equality, is made fuzzy and maps respect membership. Commutativity becomes critical if we make the equality fuzzy as well. This can be done several ways, so a progression of categories is considered. …

Phonon Transmission Via Nanojunctions In Bcc Waveguides, Ouahiba Nafa, Boualem Bourahla, Rachid Tigrine

Turkish Journal of Physics

Coherent and ballistic phonon transport via nanojunctions between bcc lattices is presented. The model system A/B/A consists of a finite number of bcc atomic layers of an element B sandwiched between two bcc semi-infinite crystals of another element A. The matching method theoretical approach is used to study the dynamical properties of the bcc sandwich system. A calculation is presented for the coherent reflection and transmission scattering probabilities of the system phonons, as elements of a Landauer type scattering matrix. The scattering and transmission spectra via the nanojunctions are analyzed as a function of the incident frequency per propagating mode …

Mastery Of Sixth-Grade Mathematics Expectations As Measured By The Seventh-Grade Michigan Education Assessment Program From 2005 To 2007, Marian Prince

Dissertations

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to document sixth-grade mathematics mastery as measured by the seventh-grade Michigan Education Assessment Program (MEAP) over a period of 3 years: 2005, 2006, and 2007. This study investigated whether mathematics performance in Michigan is related to ethnicity by analyzing student responses on the seventh-grade MEAP which evaluates students’ mastery of the Michigan sixth-grade mathematics expectations.

Method

Data from the Michigan Department of Education (MDE) containing the student scores of individual test items on the mathematics Michigan Education Assessment Program (MEAP) for seventh-grade students in Michigan for 2005 to 2007 formed the basis for …

Analytical Chemistry 2.0, David Harvey

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

High-Resolution Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopy Of Molecular Ion Beams, Manori Perera, Andrew Mills, Brian Siller, Michael Porambo, Kyle Crabtree, Carrie Kauffman, Holger Kreckel, Benjamin Mccall

Manori Perera

Molecular ions play a pivotal role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium due to their high reactivity even at low temperature. To identify these ions in interstellar space, it is essential to obtain high resolution laboratory spectra of potential interstellar ions for comparison to observational data. At the University of Illinois, we are developing a Sensitive, Cooled, Resolved Ion BEam Spectrometer (SCRIBES) that will allow us to obtain high resolution infrared direct absorption spectra of rotationally cold molecular ions in the absence of neutral molecules. This instrument can overcome many of the problems that arise when using other spectroscopic …

Radical Scavenging Potential Of Compounds Isolated From Vitex Agnus-Castus, . Azizuddin, Talat Makhmoor, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Nine secondary metabolites-artemetin (1), casticin (2), 3-hydroxy-5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxy flavone U(3), penduletin (4), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (5), methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (6), methyl isovanillate (7), vanillic acid (8), and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (9)-were isolated from a folkloric medicinal plant, Vitex agnus-castus. The structures of compounds 1-9 were identified using spectroscopic techniques. Compound 7 was isolated for the first time from this plant. These compounds were screened for their antioxidant activity. Compounds 6 and 9 exhibited significant activity against the DPPH free radical.

Supporting Multiple Paths To Objects In Information Hierarchies: Faceted Classification, Faceted Search, And Symbolic Links, Saverio Perugini

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We present three fundamental, interrelated approaches to support multiple access paths to each terminal object in information hierarchies: faceted classification, faceted search, and web directories with embedded symbolic links. This survey aims to demonstrate how each approach supports users who seek information from multiple perspectives. We achieve this by exploring each approach, the relationships between these approaches, including tradeoffs, and how they can be used in concert, while focusing on a core set of hypermedia elements common to all. This approach provides a foundation from which to study, understand, and synthesize applications which employ these techniques. This survey does not …

Thermal And Electrochemical Characterization Of Cathode Materials For High Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries In Ionic Liquids, Jodie R. Shoaf

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Finding a cathode material to operate a high-temperature Li-ion battery in the presence of an ionic liquid has become an attractive area of research. Three cathode materials, LiCoO2, Li4Ti5O12, and LiFePO4, were received from Electrochemical Systems Inc. of Knoxville, TN. Three ionic liquids were synthesized using a 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium (XMI+) cation, where the alkyl group was either ethyl, pentyl or hexyl, and contained a bis(pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)imide (Beti-) anion. The thermal and electrochemical properties of each ionic liquid, of each cathode material, and each combination of cathode material in the presence of ionic liquid were studied. All of the ionic liquids were found …

Algorithmic Techniques Employed In The Quantification And Characterization Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Data, Paul Edward Anderson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) based metabolomics is a developing research field with broad applicability, including the identification of biomarkers associated with pathophysiologic changes, sample classification based on the mechanism of toxicity, and clinical diagnosis. Intrinsic to these applications is the need for statistical and computational techniques to facilitate the associated data analysis. Further, a typical 1H NMR spectrum of pure proteins, biofluids, or tissue may contain thousands of resonances (i.e., peaks), thus, a pure visual inspection is insufficient to fully utilize the spectral information.

Common practice within the NMR-based metabolomics community is to evaluate and validate novel algorithms on empirical …

Crustacean Endocrine Disruption Through A Pathway Involving Nuclear Receptors, Cyclic Nucleotides And Calcium Transporters, Laxminath Tumburu

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Endocrine disruption is a complex phenomenon in the sense that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are known to act via multiple modes of action, but the mechanisms of actions are poorly understood. In crustaceans, calcium (Ca²⁺) apart from its role as a second messenger, is also a major constituent of the calcified exoskeleton which undergoes a periodic mineralization/demineralization process known as the molting cycle. Molt cycle is under the control of steroid hormones, ecdysteroids. EDCs disrupt this molting process via their interference with receptor-mediated ecdysteroid signaling. However, the hormonal regulation of Ca²⁺ flux in crustacean molting is poorly …

Interaction Of A Nanomagnet With A Weak Superconducting Link, Liufei Cai, Eugene M. Chudnovsky

Publications and Research

We study electromagnetic interaction of a nanomagnet with a weak superconducting link. Equations that govern coupled dynamics of the two systems are derived and investigated numerically. We show that the presence of a small magnet in the proximity of a weak link may be detected through Shapiro-like steps caused by the precession of the magnetic moment. Despite very weak magnetic field generated by the weak link, a time-dependent bias voltage applied to the link can initiate a non-linear dynamics of the nanomagnet that leads to the reversal of its magnetic moment. We also consider quantum problem in which a nanomagnet …

Rotational States Of Magnetic Molecules, Eugene M. Chudnovsky, Dmitry A. Garanin

Publications and Research

We study a magnetic molecule that exhibits spin tunneling and is free to rotate about its anisotropy axis. Exact low-energy eigenstates of the molecule that are superpositions of spin and rotational states are obtained. We show that parameter α=2(ℏS)2/(IΔ) determines the ground state of the molecule. Here ℏS is the spin, I is the moment of inertia, and Δ is the tunnel splitting. The magnetic moment of the molecule is zero at α<αc=[1−1/(2S)2]−1 and non-zero at α>αc. At α→∞ the spin of the molecule localizes in one of the directions along the anisotropy axis.