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2011

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Articles 751 - 780 of 10326

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Temperature Dependence Of Sio2 Electron-Induced Luminescence, Amberly Evans Jensen, Gregory Wilson, Jr Dennison Nov 2011

Temperature Dependence Of Sio2 Electron-Induced Luminescence, Amberly Evans Jensen, Gregory Wilson, Jr Dennison

Presentations

No abstract provided.

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Scaling Of Losses With Size And Wavelength In Nanoplasmonics And Metamaterials, Jacob B. Khurgin, Greg Sun Nov 2011

Scaling Of Losses With Size And Wavelength In Nanoplasmonics And Metamaterials, Jacob B. Khurgin, Greg Sun

Physics Faculty Publications

We show that, for the resonant metal-dielectric structures with sub-wavelength confinement of light in all three dimensions, the loss cannot be reduced considerably below the loss of the metal itself unless one operates in the far IR and THz regions of the spectrum or below. Such high losses cannot be compensated by introducing gain due to Purcell-induced shortening of recombination times. The only way low loss optical meta-materials can be engineered is with, as yet unknown, low loss materials with negative permittivity.

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A Foveated System For Wilderness Search And Rescue In Manned Aircraft, Carson D. Fenimore Nov 2011

A Foveated System For Wilderness Search And Rescue In Manned Aircraft, Carson D. Fenimore

Theses and Dissertations

Wilderness search and rescue can be assisted by video searchers in manned aircraft. The video searcher's primary task is to find clues on the ground. Due to altitude, it may be difficult to resolve details on the ground with a standard video camera. As the video streams at a constant frame rate, the searcher may become distracted by other tasks. While handling these tasks the searcher may miss important clues or spend extra time flying over the search area; either outcome decreases both the effectiveness of the video searcher and the chances of successfully finding missing persons. We develop an …

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Essential Tools: Version Control Systems, Konrad Hinsen, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

Essential Tools: Version Control Systems, Konrad Hinsen, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

Did you ever wish you'd made a backup copy of a file before changing it? Or before applying a collaborator's modifications? Version control systems make this easier, and do a lot more.

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The Hydra Filesystem: A Distrbuted Storage Famework, Benjamin Gonzalez, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

The Hydra Filesystem: A Distrbuted Storage Famework, Benjamin Gonzalez, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

Hydra File System (HFS) is an experimental framework for constructing parallel and distributed filesystems. While parallel and distributed applications requiring scalable and flexible access to storage and retrieval are becoming more commonplace, parallel and distributed filesystems remain difficult to deploy easily and configure for different needs. HFS aims to be different by being true to the tradition of high-performance computing while employing modern design patterns to allow various policies to be configured on a per instance basis (e.g. storage, communication, security, and indexing schemes). We describe a working prototype (available for public download) that has been implemented in the Python …

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Your Local Cloud-Enabled Library, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

Your Local Cloud-Enabled Library, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

Libraries are an important onramp for technology. They're known for making books accessible and have been pioneers in database access, but many branches seem to understand that they have a vital cultural role to play, especially when it comes to technology access. Most people in American society presume such access is ubiquitous, even though a substantial percentage of the world population lacks access.

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High-Performance Java Platform Computing, Thomas W. Christopher, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

High-Performance Java Platform Computing, Thomas W. Christopher, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

Threading and concurrency are crucial to building high-performance Java applications -- but they have a reputation for complexity. High Performance Java Computing thoroughly demystifies these advanced development techniques. It delivers practical programming solutions, proven design patterns, and a rigorously-tested code library -- everything developers need to build optimized Java software for technical, business, and E-commerce applications. Start by understanding how threading and concurrency can be used to solve a wide variety of performance problems, enabling the construction of more powerful networked applications. Master the Java 2 Threads classes, including daemon threads, thread control, scheduling, and more. Review the key problems …

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An Exceptionally Useful Exploration, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

An Exceptionally Useful Exploration, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

A book review for Computing in Science and Engineering by D. Easley and J. Kleinberg, Networks, Crowds, and Markets: Reasoning about a Highly-Connected World, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2010, ISBN: 978-0-521-1953-1, 736 pp.

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Apt Compiler Toolkit User Manual, George K. Thiruvathukal, Ufuk Verun Nov 2011

Apt Compiler Toolkit User Manual, George K. Thiruvathukal, Ufuk Verun

George K. Thiruvathukal

The Apt Compiler Toolkit was designed to address the need for structured, efficient, portable, and capable tools to prototype language translators and compilers. In the current release of the toolkit tools are available for the generation of scanners, parsers, and data structures. A robust library of functions is supplied with the toolkit which includes support for the scanner, the parser, abstract data types (which are commonly used in language translators/compilers), and string functions.

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Introducing Computing Now, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

Introducing Computing Now, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

One of Computing Now's editorial board members talks about this IEEE Computer Society initiative and all that it has to offer members and nonmembers alike.

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A Multi-Platform Application Suite For Enhancing South Asian Language Pedagogy, Tao Bai, Christopher K. Chung, Konstantin Läufer, Daisy Rockwell, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

A Multi-Platform Application Suite For Enhancing South Asian Language Pedagogy, Tao Bai, Christopher K. Chung, Konstantin Läufer, Daisy Rockwell, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

This interdisciplinary project explores the potential for handheld/wireless (H/W) technology in the context of language education within and beyond the classroom. Specifically, we have designed and implemented a suite of multi-platform (desktop/laptop, handheld, and browser) applications to enhance the teaching of South Asian languages such as Hindi-Urdu. Such languages are very difficult to learn, let alone write, and H/W devices (with their handwriting/drawing capabilities) can play a significant role in overcoming the learning curve. The initial application suite includes a character/word tracer, a word splitter/joiner, a smart flashcard with audio, contextual augmented stories for reading comprehension, and a poetic metronome. …

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Xml In Computational Science, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

Xml In Computational Science, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

In this first article in a series about XML in computational science, I present some background and lightweight examples of XML usage, describe some XML component frameworksalong with their purpose and applicability to computational science, and discuss some technical obstacles to overcome for the language to be taken seriously in computational science.

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Enhancing The Cs Curriculum With With Aspect-Oriented Software Development (Aosd) And Early Experience, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal, Tzilla Elrad Nov 2011

Enhancing The Cs Curriculum With With Aspect-Oriented Software Development (Aosd) And Early Experience, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal, Tzilla Elrad

George K. Thiruvathukal

Aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) is evolving as an important step beyond existing software development approaches such as object-oriented development. An aspect is a module that captures a crosscutting concern, behavior that cuts across different units of abstraction in a software application; expressed as a module, such behavior can be enabled and disabled transparently and non-invasively, without changing the application code itself. Increasing industry demand for expertise in AOSD gives rise to the pedagogical challenge of covering this methodology and its foundations in the computer science curriculum. We present our curricular initiative to incorporate a novel course in AOSD in the …

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Virtualization For Computational Scientists, George K. Thiruvathukal, Konrad Hinsen, Joseph P. Kaylor, Konstantin Läufer Nov 2011

Virtualization For Computational Scientists, George K. Thiruvathukal, Konrad Hinsen, Joseph P. Kaylor, Konstantin Läufer

George K. Thiruvathukal

Virtualization lets you carve your computer into slices, allowing for great experimentation with different operating systems, tools, and techniques.

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E-Carrel: An Environment For Collaborative Textual Scholarship, George K. Thiruvathukal, Steven E. Jones, Peter Shillingsburg Nov 2011

E-Carrel: An Environment For Collaborative Textual Scholarship, George K. Thiruvathukal, Steven E. Jones, Peter Shillingsburg

George K. Thiruvathukal

The E-Carrel project aims to address the preservation of, access to, and re-uses of humanities electronic text files. It enables dynamic, growing resource projects as repositories for new knowledge. It provides for on-line distributed data and tools that are open to new scholarly enhancement through a user friendly tagging tool, sophisticated use of stand-off markup and annotation (leveraging RDF capabilities), and a browsing system anyone can use. It creates a secure system of text preparation and dissemination that encourages collaboration and participation by anyone interested in the texts. To insure the endurance of authenticated texts, multiple copies are distributed on …

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Computational Thinking...And Doing, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

Computational Thinking...And Doing, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

Computing in Science and Engineering, From the Editors

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Reflective Remote Method Invocation, George K. Thiruvathukal, Lovely S. Thomas, Andy T. Korczynski Nov 2011

Reflective Remote Method Invocation, George K. Thiruvathukal, Lovely S. Thomas, Andy T. Korczynski

George K. Thiruvathukal

Remote Method Invocation (RMI) is available in the current Java language design and implementation, providing the much-needed capability of allowing objects running in different Java processes to collaborate using a variation on the popular Remote Procedure Call (RPC). Although RMI provides features which are desirable for high-performance distributed computing, its design and implementation are deficient in key areas of importance to the high-performance computing community in general. This paper addresses the key deficiencies of RMI and how these deficiencies affect the design and implementation of distributed object applications. Reflective RMI (RRMI) is an open RMI implementation which makes better use …

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At Issue, Bill Feireisen, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

At Issue, Bill Feireisen, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

In this installment of At Issue, two of CiSE's editorial board members describe the magazine's current and future Web presence. We start with Bill Feiereisen's discussion of science on the Web and what it could mean for CiSE ("Are We There Yet?") and end with George Thiruvathukal's discussion of the challenges therein ("If We Build It, Will They Come?"). CiSE's official homepage is www.computer.org/cise; we gladly welcome comments with suggestions or feedback. You can contact lead editor (Jenny Stout; jstout@computer.org) or write to either Bill or George (their email addresses appear at the end of their respective essays).

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Moving Academic Department Functions To Social Networks And Clouds: Initial Experiences, George K. Thiruvathukal, Konstantin Läufer, David Dennis Nov 2011

Moving Academic Department Functions To Social Networks And Clouds: Initial Experiences, George K. Thiruvathukal, Konstantin Läufer, David Dennis

George K. Thiruvathukal

The ability to move locally hosted services to cloud-based technologies is a key element in the scientific programming toolbox.

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Scalable Approaches For Supporting Mpi-Io Atomicity, Peter Aarestad, George K. Thiruvathukal, Avery Ching, Alok Choudhary Nov 2011

Scalable Approaches For Supporting Mpi-Io Atomicity, Peter Aarestad, George K. Thiruvathukal, Avery Ching, Alok Choudhary

George K. Thiruvathukal

Scalable atomic and parallel access to noncontiguous regions of a file is essential to exploit high performance I/O as required by large-scale applications. Parallel I/O frameworks such as MPI I/O conceptually allow I/O to be defined on regions of a file using derived datatypes. Access to regions of a file can be automatically computed on a perprocessor basis using the datatype, resulting in a list of (offset, length) pairs. We describe three approaches for implementing lock serving (whole file, region locking, and byterange locking) and compare the various approaches using three noncontiguous I/O benchmarks. We present the details of the …

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Technologies For Ubiquitous Supercomputing: A Java Interface To The Nexus Communication System, Ian Foster, George K. Thiruvathukal, Steven Tuecke Nov 2011

Technologies For Ubiquitous Supercomputing: A Java Interface To The Nexus Communication System, Ian Foster, George K. Thiruvathukal, Steven Tuecke

George K. Thiruvathukal

We use the term ubiquitous supercomputing to refer to systems that integrate low- and mid-range computing systems, advanced networks and remote high-end computers with the goal of enhancing the computational power accessible from local environments. Such systems promise to enable new applications in areas as diverse as smart instruments and collaborative environments. However, they also demand tools for transporting code between computers and for establishing flexible, dynamic communication structures. In this article, we propose that these requirements be satisfied by introducing Java classes that implement the global pointer and remote service request mechanisms defined by a communication library called Nexus. …

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A Virtual Computing Laboratory, Joseph P. Kaylor, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

A Virtual Computing Laboratory, Joseph P. Kaylor, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

Many institutions choose to do periodic imaging of computers, which is both painstaking and limiting in terms of keeping software up to date. The authors describe an approach that builds on existing virtualization technologies.

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Scalable Implementations Of Mpi Atomicity For Concurrent Overlapping I/O, Wei-Keng Liao, Alok Choudhary, Kenin Coloma, George K. Thiruvathukal, Lee Ward, Eric Russell, Neil Pundit Nov 2011

Scalable Implementations Of Mpi Atomicity For Concurrent Overlapping I/O, Wei-Keng Liao, Alok Choudhary, Kenin Coloma, George K. Thiruvathukal, Lee Ward, Eric Russell, Neil Pundit

George K. Thiruvathukal

For concurrent I/O operations, atomicity defines the results in the overlapping file regions simultaneously read/written by requesting processes. Atomicity has been well studied at the file system level, such as POSIX standard. In this paper, we investigate the problems arising from the implementation of MPI atomicity for concurrent overlapping write access and provide a few programming solutions. Since the MPI definition of atomicity differs from the POSIX one, an implementation that simply relies on the POSIX file systems does not guarantee correct MPI semantics. To have a correct implementation of atomic I/O in MPI, we examine the efficiency of three …

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Beyond Cise And Back To The Future, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

Beyond Cise And Back To The Future, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

Organizing a special issue on novel architectures for Computing Now offered lessons in what online readers want, as well as a glimpse into what's possible for CiSE.

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Natural Xml For Data Binding, Processing, And Persistence, George K. Thiruvathukal, Konstantin Läufer Nov 2011

Natural Xml For Data Binding, Processing, And Persistence, George K. Thiruvathukal, Konstantin Läufer

George K. Thiruvathukal

The article explains what you need to do to incorporate XML directly into your computational science application. The exploration involves the use of a standard parser to automatically build object trees entirely from application-specific classes. This discussion very much focuses on object-oriented programming languages such as Java and Python, but it can work for non-object-oriented languages as well. The ideas in the article provide a glimpse into the Natural XML research project.

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Putting A Slug To Work, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal, Ryohei Nishimura, Carlos Ramirez Martinez-Eiroa Nov 2011

Putting A Slug To Work, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal, Ryohei Nishimura, Carlos Ramirez Martinez-Eiroa

George K. Thiruvathukal

In this article, the authors explore various uses of inexpensive embedded Linux devices such as the Linksys NSLU2 ("slug"). Embedded computing is a topic of growing interest. Although novel architectures such as cell processors, graphics processors (GPUs), and FPGAs are growing in popularity, conventional microproessor designs such as Intel's Xscale (ARM) and Atom pack a punch in a small footprint, not to mention being widely supported by commodity operating system and development tools. We're convinced that this entire space is a tool worth keeping in the scientific programmer's and software developer's toolchests.

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The Object Of Platform Studies: Relational Materialities And The Social Platform (The Case Of The Nintendo Wii), Steven E. Jones, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

The Object Of Platform Studies: Relational Materialities And The Social Platform (The Case Of The Nintendo Wii), Steven E. Jones, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

Racing the Beam: The Atari Video Computer System,by Ian Bogost and Nick Montfort, inaugurated thePlatform Studies series at MIT Press in 2009.We’ve coauthored a new book in the series, Codename: Revolution: the Nintendo Wii Video Game Console. Platform studies is a quintessentially Digital Humanities approach, since it’s explicitly focused on the interrelationship of computing and cultural expression. According to the series preface, the goal of platform studies is “to consider the lowest level of computing systems and to understand how these systems relate to culture and creativity.”In practice, this involves paying close attentionto specific hardware and software interactions--to the vertical …

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Java Grande Forum Report: Making Java Work For High-End Computing, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

Java Grande Forum Report: Making Java Work For High-End Computing, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

This document describes the Java Grande Forum and includes its initial deliverables.Theseare reports that convey a succinct set of recommendations from this forum to SunMicrosystems and other purveyors of Java™ technology that will enable GrandeApplications to be developed with the Java programming language.

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The Extreme Software Development Series: An Open Curricular Framework For Applied Capstone Courses, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

The Extreme Software Development Series: An Open Curricular Framework For Applied Capstone Courses, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

We describe an open, flexible curricular framework for offering a collection of advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in software development. The courses offered within this framework are further unified by combining solid foundations with current technology and play the role of capstone courses in a modern software development track. Our initiative has been very successful with all stakeholders involved.

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Restfs: Resources And Services Are Filesystems, Too, Joseph P. Kaylor, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal Nov 2011

Restfs: Resources And Services Are Filesystems, Too, Joseph P. Kaylor, Konstantin Läufer, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

We have designed and implemented RestFS, a software frame-work that provides a uniform, configurable connector layerfor mapping remote web-based resources to local filesystem-based resources, recognizing the similarity between thesetwo types of resources. Such mappings enable programmaticaccess to a resource, as well as composition of two or moreresources, through the local operating system’s standardfilesystem application programming interface (API), script-able file-based command-line utilities, and inter-process com-munication (IPC) mechanisms. The framework supports au-tomatic and manual authentication. We include several ex-amples intended to show the utility and practicality of ourframework.

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