Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Predicting Esherichia Coli Levels In The Trinity River For Issuing Contact Recreation Warnings In The Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, Angela Jo Kilpatrick

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

E. coli is an indicator for the potential of waterborne illness. However, tests for E. coli take 18 to 24 hours to produce results. During this time, citizens may be exposed to high levels of bacteria. As contact recreation increases in the Trinity River through the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, methods to predict E. coli levels from instantaneously measured water quality parameters may provide a better way to protect public health than the current standard methods.Predictive models were created using multiple linear least-squares regression for the three segments of the Trinity River that flow through the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. Initial results …

Depositional Environments, Diagenesis, And Reservoir Delineation Of The Fcu 1947 Upper Clear Fork Cored Interval - An Sem Image Analysis Approach To Pore System Characterization, Tore Ray Wiksveen

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Delineating reservoir facies in heterogeneous tidal flat carbonates is a challenge which requires analysis at greater resolutions than wireline logs can provide. Such depositional environments are documented in the upper Clear Fork deposits of Fullerton Field in West Texas. This study examined lithofacies and depositional facies of core to gain understanding of the best reservoir facies. Whole-core examination, Core Laboratories and wireline log analysis, thin section microscopy and SEM image analysis were used to delineate reservoirs.Subtidal facies were deemed the poorest of reservoirs because compaction, anhydrite plugging, and burial diagenesis obliterated pore space. Intertidal facies were determined as the best …

Gauge Field Preheating At The End Of Inflation, J. Tate Deskins, John T. Giblin Jr., Robert R. Caldwell

Dartmouth Scholarship

Here we consider the possibility of preheating the Universe via the parametric amplification of a massless, U(1) abelian gauge field. We assume that the gauge field is coupled to the inflaton via a conformal factor with one free parameter. We present the results of high-resolution three-dimensional simulations of this model and show this mechanism efficiently preheats the Universe to a radiation-dominated final state.

Development, Evaluation And Application Of Cyclofructans As Separation Agents, Nilusha L.T Padivitage

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is now considered as a viable and established analytical tool for the separation of very polar and hydrophilic compounds, which are not sufficiently retained under Reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). HILIC is becoming a routine technique in the areas of proteomic and metabolomic research and it is steadily increasing in importance in the fields of pharmaceutical, biolological, environmental and food chemistry. HILIC shows a complementary selectivity to RPLC. The use of water-miscible organic rich mobile phases (generally a mixture of acetonitrile and water (1-40 % of water in the mobile phase) is compatible with atmospheric pressure …

Genetic Engineering Of Proteins For Biotechnology Applications, Yanbo Zhang

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Heme b (protoporphyrin IX or protoheme) plays a major role in the structure and function in proteins such as myoglobin (Mb), hemoglobin (Hb), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), catalase, cytochrome P450 as well as catalase peroxidase (KatG). This highly conjugated porphyrin system forms the cradle for the iron containing prosthetic group of the hemeproteins. Although the surrounding chiral protein scaffold is important in protein reactivity and selectivity, the heme iron prosthetic group creates a focal point for the substrate reactivity.The genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAA) into proteins in vivo, using the same biosynthetic machinery used by living cells to synthesize …

Characterization Of Flavonoid Reactivities And Degradation Products Using Online Continuous Flow Kinetic Measurements And Higher Order Mass Spectrometry, Jeremy S. Barnes

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Epidemiological studies offer strong evidence that diets rich in fruits and vegetables provide a defense against cardiovascular disease, cancer and other physiological disorders. One theory suggests that these hazards are due in part to an imbalance of the body's oxidative load, caused by an increase in biologically-relevant free radicals, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flavonoids, a family of plant metabolites, are associated with an antioxidant capacity which could reduce oxidative stress and aging. Quercetin, a flavonol with one of the highest rated antioxidant characteristic, was used as a model system to evaluate the reactivity of flavonoids in the presence …

Anion Detection In The Positive Ion Mode Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry By Use Of Cationic Ion Pairing Agents: Behavior And Applications, Edra Dodbiba

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Anion detection and quantitation has long been of great interest to many scientific areas of research in academic and industrial settings. Their importance extends to areas such as water and environmental analysis, biological system analysis, and also the pharmaceutical and food industries. A variety of sensitive detection methods have been developed for anions. Many of these methods have significant advantages, but also drawbacks. In my dissertation I have described a new method for the detection of anions using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) positive ion mode, and cationic ion pairing reagents. Using this method, anions are paired with a plethora …

The Use Of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (Sfc) And Liquid Chromatography (Lc) For The Separation Of Pharmaceutical Products, Natural Products And Chiral Phosphoric And Sulfonic Acids, Jonathan Paul Smuts

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on two chromatographic techniques, supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The goal of the SFC work is to describe the synthesis of new stationary phases based upon ionic liquids and to discuss their application to the separation of pharmaceutical compounds. The tunable nature of immobilized ionic liquids will be demonstrated by the variation of the cation-anion combination.The goal of the remaining chapters is to demonstrate HPLC applications for analyzing natural products and for performing enantiomeric separations. The usefulness of HPLC in separating antioxidants in rosemary and in conducting a degradation study of the …

Studies Towards The Total Synthesis Of Haploscleridamine And Ceratinadin B, Xiaofeng Meng

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

In Chapter 1, we discuss the synthesis of haploscleridamine. Haploscleridamine is a novel tryptamine-derived alkaloid isolated from a sponge of the order Haplosclerida. This alkaloid inhibits cathepsin K, a cysteine protease, which is involved in the catabolism of elastin, collagen, and gelatin allowing the breakdown of bone and cartilage. Cathepsin K "blockers" show great potential in the treatment of osteoporosis. Building off earlier studies, we adopted a novel application of the Buchwald indole synthesis instead of a traditional Fischer indole synthesis to construct the â-carboline fragment. Starting from L-histidine, after several steps including a ring closing metathesis, a cyclohexanone was …

Dioxygen And Peroxide Activation By An Unnatural Amino Acid Incorporated Cytochrome P450cam And P450 Bm3, Leticia Loredo

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

This study focuses on the process development for a nanobioreactor for the oxidation of aliphatic C-H bond by the dependent activation of molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide dependent catalysis of cytochrome P450cam and P450 BM3 and their genetically encoded 3-NH₂tyrosine mutant enzymes.Oxidation of aliphatic carbons is an enormous challenge in classical synthesis due to their inert nature. However, it is significant in the production of fine chemicals and commodity products, which are precursors for the production of other valuable compounds.Among these reactions is the conversion of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol which is an intermediate in the production of nylon …

Genetically Modified Myoglobin As A Mimic For Heme Enzymes, Subhash Chand

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

This study addresses the mechanistic relationships between formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their catalytic oxidation functions in oxygenation and peroxygenation reactions in heme enzymes. Even though both cytochrome P450s (CYP P450s) and peroxidases have different catalytic activities, the involvement of common ROS (Compound 0 and Compound I) have been proposed. Therefore, to understand the generation and activation of peroxide to form ROS, genetically-engineered myoglobin (Mb) mutants were created by incorporating redox-sensitive 3-amino-L-tyrosine (NH2Tyr) or L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) into its active site. Distal His 64 replaced with redox amino acids mutant Mb showed excellent turnover rates for thioanisole and …

Crystalline Sico: Implication On Structure And Thermochemistry Of Ternary Silicon Oxycarbide Ceramics, Nelli Bodiford

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses

The need for innovative refractory materials - materials that can sustain extreme temperatures - has been constantly growing within the modern industries. Basic requirements for usage at ultra-high-temperatures have been considered such as high melting point, high structural strength, exceptional resistance to oxidation, zero or almost zero creep. Monolithic ceramics alone cannot provide these properties, therefore, composite materials are sought to fulfill the demand. For example, silicon nitride and silicon carbide based ceramics have long been leading contenders for structural use in gas turbine engines. In the course of this work we are investigating amorphous SiCO formed via polymer-to-ceramic route. …

Ruthenium(Ii) Polypyridyl Complexes As Potential Anticancer Drugs: Synthesis, Characterization, Cell Permeability And Localization, Yanling Chen

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses

Research on biological activities of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes (RPCs) continues to attract interest as these complexes have shown promising anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo.¹⁻³ The mononuclear RPC, [(phen)₂Ru(tatpp)]²⁺ (MP) and related dinuclear complex [(phen)₂Ru(tatpp)Ru(phen)₂]⁴⁺ (P) have been shown to both intercalate with DNA and shown potentiated DNA cleavage under anaerobic and reducing conditions⁴⁻⁵, as well as shown good selectivity and cytotoxicity towards malignant cell lines in vitro and tumors in vivo.⁵ Both complexes contain the redox-active tatpp ligand which is thought to be an essential component for the observed biological activities. This thesis is focused on developing …

Preparation And Characterization Of Palladium Catalysts, Michael J. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

There is a critical need for improved combustion-oxidation catalysts to reduce emissions of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from exhaust gas of gasoline combustion in automotive vehicles. Materials and systems currently available, such as the three way catalytic converter (TWC), have low activity below 400 °C in the catalytic process. Palladium catalysts were prepared by alternative methods including: preparation by wet impregnation or incipient wetness, drying by room temperature or air-oven, and support choice between silica and alumina. These catalysts were prepared to meet the demand for low temperature oxidation. Results indicated a 5% increase in percent dispersion of …

สารอวยพร อธิการบดี

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

สารอาวยพร ผู้อำนวยการสถาบันวิจัยสภาวะแวดล้อม

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

บทบรรณาธิการ

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

สรุปข่าวสิ่งแวดล้อม

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

สัมภาษณ์พิเศษ โครงการ "Ofoc" ศ.นพ.ดร. นรินทร์ หิรัญสุทธิกุล, นรินทร์ หิรัญสิทธิกุล

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

การจัดการขยะและก๊าซชีวภาพ, อรุบล โชติพงศ์

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

การส่งเสริมและพัฒนาการทำเกษตรอินทรีย์, พันธวัศ สัมพันธ์พานิช

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

การประยุกต์ใช้หลักปรัชญาเศรษฐกิจพอเพียงเพื่อการพัฒนาคนและชุมชน, วรรณี พฤฒิถาวร

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

การสร้างความเข้าใจด้านคุณภาพสิ่งแวดล้อมจากการพัฒนาที่ดินของจุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย อำเภอแก่งคอย จังหวัดสระบุรี, พงศ์ศักดิ์ วัฒนสินธุ์, พันธวัศ สัมพันธ์พานิช

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

การสร้างเสริมสุขภาพกับผู้สูงวัยในชุมชน, นุชนาฏ หวนนากลาง

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

กระบวนการพัฒนาเครือข่ายสุขภาพในบริบทสังคมไทย, อุ่นเรือน เล็กน้อย, พิชญา สุรพลชัย, เฉลิมวุฒิ น้อยโสภา

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

Afr พลังงานและวัตถุดิบทดแทนจากของเสีย : กรณีบริษัทปูนซิเมนต์นครหลวงจังหวัดสระบุรี, ธีรพล คังคะเกตุ

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

การทัศนศึกษาจุฬาวิชาการ'55 พัฒนาชุมชนแก่งคอย จังหวัดสระบุรี

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

แนะนำโครงการสถาบันฯ ชุมชนจิตอาสาพัฒนาสิ่งแวดล้อม "ส3"

Thai Environment

No abstract provided.

Research About Low Permeability Measurement, Jun He

Theses and Dissertations

Petroleum exploration and production from shale formations have gained great attention throughout the world in the last decade. Producing the hydrocarbons from shale is challenging because of the low porosity and permeability. It is imperative to investigate permeability of the shale formations in order to better understand the performance of wells that are producing hydrocarbons from shale. Permeability is also one of key parameters in modeling fluids flow in matrix in reservoir simulation. Due to the low or very low permeability, the measurement of permeability is time consuming and expensive. These factors often limited the ability to perform permeability measurement …

Hydraulic Fracturing Design For Horizontal Wells In The Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, Hadi Jabbari

Theses and Dissertations

Unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs have proved to be challenging in terms of reservoir characterization, predicting production potential, estimating ultimate recovery, and optimizing hydraulic fracture stimulations. The methods by which these resources are extracted use progressive, or unconventional, technologies. Today, through the use of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, extraordinary amounts of oil and natural gas from deep shale formations across the United States and around the world are being safely produced.

Performing a hydraulic fracture design requires modeling of fracture propagation and tracking the fluid front in the created fracture. In this dissertation, the roles of all effective parameters and properties …