Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Statistical Characteristics Of Polar Mesospheric Gravity Waves Observed Over Alaska, Michael Negale, Kim Nielsen, Mike J. Taylor, Dominique Pautet, Margit Dyrland

Michael Negale

Short-period (<1 hr) gravity wave observations over the Arctic region are few and their impact on the Arctic mesosphere lower thermosphere (MLT) region via momentum deposition is of high interest, but has yet to be determined. The Mesospheric Airglow Imaging and Dynamics (MAID) project was initiated in January 2011 to investigate the presence and dynamics of these waves over the interior of Alaska. Observations were made from the Davis Building at Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR) (65N) using an all-sky imager. This site provides an exceptional opportunity to establish a long-term climatology of short-period gravity waves in the Arctic. Here, we present summary measurements of prominent gravity waves focusing on their winter-time spatial and temporal characteristics. Measurements were made over two consecutive winters in 2011 and 2012 yielding 117 quasi-monochromatic wave events obtained from sequential OH (715-930 nm) images. Their characteristics are compared with recent gravity wave observations at Resolute Bay, Canada (75N), ALOMAR Station, Norway (69N), Svalbard (78N) in the Arctic, and with Rothera Station (76S) in Antarctic. The distributions of the wave parameters measured at PFRR were found to be similar to those of the other high-latitude sites, except for the direction of propagation. The wave headings observed at PFRR exhibited dominant preference for motion towards the east, while the other high-latitude observations reported westward motion. To investigate the preferred wave directionality, we look at the effects of critical level filtering using zonal and meridional winds obtained from NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) and the Horizontal Wind Model 2007 (HWM07).

Asian Carp: Toxicology Study, Justice W. Pirkey

Collection of Engaged Learning

This toxicology study of Asian Carp, an invasive species of fish prevalent in the Mississippi River, looked at the safety of the fish as a food source in the United States.

The Quantum Gromov-Hausdorff Propinquity, Frédéric Latrémolière

Mathematics Preprint Series

We introduce the quantum Gromov-Hausdorff propinquity, a new distance between quantum compact metric spaces, which extends the GromovHausdorff distance to noncommutative geometry and strengthens Rieffel’s quantum Gromov-Hausdorff distance and Rieffel’s proximity by making *-isomorphism a necessary condition for distance zero, while being well adapted to Leibniz seminorms. This work offers a natural solution to the long-standing problem of finding a framework for the development of a theory of Leibniz Lip-norms over C*- algebras.

Forward Model For Temperature Derivation From Atmospheric Lidar, Jaren Hobbs

Physics Capstone Projects

Atmospheric Lidar takes advantage of Rayleigh backscattering to create a relative density profile of the atmosphere. The method for temperature derivation is based on the work of Chanin and Hauchecorne (CH). Beginning with an initial temperature, and utilizing the ideal gas law, a downward integration procedure is applied to create a temperature profile from the density profile down to forty- five kilometers. Since this initial temperature is only a best guess, the temperatures towards the top of the profile may not be accurate. However, so long as the guess is reasonable, within perhaps a fifty Kelvin margin (though hopefully not …

Enhancing The Performance Of Organic Thin Film Transistors By Cross-Linking The Organic Gate Dielectric, Soheila Naderi Gohar

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Amongst various surface modification techniques, hyperthermal hydrogen induced cross-linking (HHIC) has been used to modify the surface of polymeric samples. In this novel and innovative technique neutral hydrogen projectiles with appropriate kinetic energy are produced to generate carbon radicals on the impacted surface through the collision-induced C-H bond breaking. Subsequently, this phenomenon results in cross-linking hydrocarbon chains in the treated polymeric samples.

Verifying the validity of cross-linking process through experiments is the target of first part of presented dissertation. Spin-coated poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films on silicon wafer were exposed to hydrogen projectiles for different durations, while the other conditions related …

Recent Accumulation Variability In Northwest Greenland From Ground-Penetrating Radar And Shallow Cores Along The Greenland Inland Traverse, Robert L. Hawley, Zoe R. Courville, Laura M. Kehrl, Eric R. Lutz, Erich C. Osterberg, Thomas B. Overly, Gifford J. Wong

Dartmouth Scholarship

Accumulation is a key parameter governing the mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet. Several studies have documented the spatial variability of accumulation over wide spatial scales, primarily using point data, remote sensing or modeling. Direct measurements of spatially extensive, detailed profiles of accumulation in Greenland, however, are rare. We used 400 MHz ground-penetrating radar along the 1009 km route of the Greenland Inland Traverse from Thule to Summit during April and May of 2011, to image continuous internal reflecting horizons. We dated these horizons using ice-core chemistry at each end of the traverse. Using density profiles measured along the …

Balancing The Presentation Of Information And Options In Patient Decision Aids: An Updated Review, Purva Abhyankar, Robert J. Volk, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby, Paulina Bravo, Angela Buchholz, Elissa Ozanne, Dale C. Vidal, Nananda Col, Peep Stalmeier

Dartmouth Scholarship

Standards for patient decision aids require that information and options be presented in a balanced manner; this requirement is based on the argument that balanced presentation is essential to foster informed decision making. If information is presented in an incomplete/non-neutral manner, it can stimulate cognitive biases that can unduly affect individuals’ knowledge, perceptions of risks and benefits, and, ultimately, preferences. However, there is little clarity about what constitutes balance, and how it can be determined and enhanced. We conducted a literature review to examine the theoretical and empirical evidence related to balancing the presentation of information and options.

Revealing The Ubiquitous Effects Of Quantum Entanglement-Toward A Notion Of God Logic, Wen-Ran Zhang, Karl E. Peace

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Following Spinoza-Einstein’s interpretation of God or nature, the notion “God Logic” is proposed. This notion is to serve as an elicitation for a consistent set of necessary criteria for: 1) developing the logical foundation of quantum gravity as envisaged by Einstein, 2) revealing the ubiquitous effects of quantum entanglement as suggested by Roger Penrose, and 3) programming the universe as proposed by Seth Lloyd. An evolving set of eleven criteria is proposed for the notion. The possibility of inventing such a logical system is analyzed. A supersymmetrical candidate logic of negative-positive energy dynamic equilibrium is introduced and assessed against the …

Characterization Of The Corrosion And Oxide Film Properties Of Alloy 600 And Alloy 800, Melissa Faichuk

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The passive film properties of Alloy 600 and Alloy 800, both of which are used as steam generator tubing in CANDU reactors, have been studied using techniques such as polarization scans, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron and Auger spectroscopies. The composition of the oxides formed in a 0.1 M Na₂S₂O₃ solution have been characterized over a wide range of potentials from the pre-passive, through the passive to the transpassive regions. These changes have been correlated to the electrochemical behaviour. A second set of experiments was performed to determine the effectiveness of the surface mechanical …

Cnh: Collaborative Research: Direct And Indirect Coupling Of Fisheries Through Economic, Regulatory, Environmental, And Ecological Linkages, Andrew J. Pershing, Yong Chen, Jeffrey Runge

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

The productivity and resilience of fisheries are subject to a multitude of dynamic and interrelated influences that arise from complex coupling of fish populations with the natural and human systems of which they are a part. With few exceptions, fisheries currently are managed independently, ignoring important natural and human linkages among them. The biological productivity, sustainability, and consequently human benefits of complex fishery systems may be substantially increased if these linkages are better understood and if this understanding is applied to management. The American lobster (Homarus americanus), Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) and Northeast multispecies groundfish fisheries in the Gulf of …

Hydrogeological And Thermal Sustainability Of Geothermal Borehole Heat Exchangers, S. Emad Dehkordi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Assessment of the current approach taken by guidelines and design methods of vertical closed loop heat exchangers shows that often groundwater flow is either disregarded or is not methodically incorporated. The state of scientific research in this arena reveals that overlooking the groundwater flow in the design procedure may not always be a correct assumption. The significance of advective heat transport compared to conduction is defined by the groundwater flux or Darcy velocity which heavily depends on the hydraulic conductivity of the ground, followed by the hydraulic gradient which has a relatively limited range. A sensitivity analysis on ground and …

Cyber In Waffle House Land, Jan Kallberg

Jan Kallberg

The epicenter of cyber is Washington, D.C., and the discourse radiates from the national capital outward. The question is how far from the Beltway it reaches. Does the rest of this nation care about the national security threat that is embedded in future adversarial cyber operations?

U.S. Drought Monitor, November 26, 2013, Richard R. Heim Jr.

United States Agricultural Commodities in Drought Archive

Drought map of U.S. for November 26, 2013 (11/26/13) plus: U.S. crop areas experiencing drought (map), Approximate percentage of crop located in drought, by state (bar graph), Percent of crop area located in drought, past 52 weeks (line graph) for: Corn, Soybeans, Hay, Cattle, Winter wheat.

La Yeguada Volcanic Vomplex In The Republic Of Panama: An Assessment Of The Geologic Hazards Using 40ar/39ar Geochronology, Karinne L. Knutsen, William I. Rose, Brian Jicha

Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences Publications

La Yeguada volcanic complex is one of three Quaternary volcanic centers in Panama. To assess potential geologic hazards, new samples were analyzed using argon analysis (⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar), and obtained the following: the most recent eruption occurred approximately 32,000 years ago at the Media Luna cinder cone; the youngest dated eruption from the main dome complex occurred 357 ± 19 ka, producing the Castillo dome unit; Cerro Picacho, a separate dacite dome 1.5 km east of the main complex is 4.47 ± 0.23 Ma; and the El Satro Pyroclastic Flow unit surrounds the northern portion of the volcanic …

A Novel Spam Campaign In Online Social Networks, Yufeng Zhen

Theses and Dissertations

The increasing popularity of the Online Social Networks (OSNs)\nomenclature{$OSNs$}{Online Social Networks} has made the OSNs major targets of spammers. They aim to illegally gather private information from users and spread spam to them. In this paper, we propose a new spam campaign that includes following key steps: creating fake accounts, picking legitimate accounts, forming friendships, earning trust, and spreading spam. The unique part in our spam campaign is the process of earning trust. By using social bots, we significantly lower the cost of earning trust and make it feasible in the real world. By spreading spam at a relatively low …

Time Resloved Saxs Analysis Of Fusion Protein, Matthew Andorf

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

The structural dynamics of the fusion protein (F protein) of parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV 5) was studied using time resolved Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). Conformational changes of the F protein, equivalent to the conformational changes the protein must undergo while infecting a host cell, are triggered by temperature jump to the protein in solution. The time and temperature dependence of the rate of the protein changing state is then determined through standard SAXS analysis. Thermodynamic transition state theory is then used to calculate the activation energy, enthalpy and entropy of the transition which is independent of any particular model. …

Wave Heating And Jeans Escape In The Martian Upper Atmosphere, R. L. Walterscheid, Michael P. Hickey Ph.D., G. Schubert

Publications

Gusty flow over rough terrain is likely to be a significant source of fast gravity waves and acoustic waves in the atmosphere of Mars, as it is in Earth’s atmosphere. Accordingly, we have used a numerical model to study the dissipation in the thermosphere and exosphere of Mars of upward-propagating fast gravity waves and acoustic waves. Model simulations are performed for a range of wave periods and horizontal wavelengths. Wave amplitudes are constrained by the Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Odyssey aerobraking data, and gravity wave phase velocities are limited by occultation data. Dissipating gravity waves heat some regions of …

Algorithms For Grid Graphs In The Mapreduce Model, Taylor P. Spangler

Department of Computer Science and Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The MapReduce programming paradigm has seen widespread use in analyzing large data sets. Often these large data sets can be formulated as graphs. Many algorithms, such as filtering based algorithms, are designed to work efficiently for dense graphs - graphs with substantially more number of edges than the number of vertices. These algorithms are not optimized for sparse graphs - graphs where the number of edges is of the same order as the number of vertices. However, sparse graphs are also common in big data sets. In this thesis we present algorithms for maximal matching, approximate edge covering, and approximate …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Design For The Environment Tools To Help Meet Sustainability And Design Goals, Ana Maria Leal-Yepes

Theses

Environmental impacts of electronics are a growing concern because the amount and type of materials used in production of the devices, the impacts to the environment from discarded

electronics and the early retirement of products due to rapidly evolving devices, changing design trends, and perceived technological obsolescence. Design for the Environment is a sustainability strategy that aims to reduce the environmental impacts through techniques that enable sustainability solutions during the design decision-making process. In order to suit the diverse

needs of sustainable design practitioners, there has been a large number of tools for Design for the Environment (DfE) developed, confusing …

Crevice Corrosion Behavior Of Ni-Cr-Mo-W Alloys In Aggressive Environment, Ajit K. Mishra

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Ni-Cr-Mo (W) alloys, having an optimum concentration of Cr. Mo and W, are highly corrosion resistant alloys which do not fail by uniform corrosion in aggressive environments. However, when creviced at high applied potential and high temperatures, these materials can be susceptible to crevice corrosion. This study focuses on a family of seven commercial Ni-Cr-Mo (W) alloys containing various amounts of Cr, Mo and W.

Different electrochemical techniques were used to determine the characteristic potentials and temperature which indicate susceptibility to crevice corrosion, and to investigate the individual and synergistic roles of major and minor alloying elements. The corroded alloys …

Computing A Logarithm Of A Unitary Matrix With General Spectrum [Dataset], Terry A. Loring

Math and Statistics Datasets

We analyze an algorithm for computing a skew-Hermitian logarithm of a unitary matrix, and also skew-Hermitian approximate logarithms for nearly unitary matrices. This algorithm is very easy to implement using standard software and it works well even for unitary matrices with no spectral conditions assumed. Certain examples, with many eigenvalues near -1, lead to very non-Hermitian output for other basic methods of calculating matrix logarithms. Altering the output of these algorithms to force an Hermitian output creates accuracy issues which are avoided by the considered algorithm. A modification is introduced to deal properly with the J-skew symmetric unitary matrices. Applications …

Collaborative Research: Subglacial Water Intrusion In Greenland, Gordon K. Oswald

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

The project's goals are:

• To analyse radio echo sounding data acquired over the Greenland Ice Sheet by the University of Kansas / CReSIS team with the objective of discriminating between frozen and thawed conditions at the bed of the ice sheet.
• To provide maps of the bed state, with the aim of making them available via the National Snow and Ice Data Centre.
• To support ice sheet modelling activities by providing information on the bed state, thus related to the temperature at the bed and the rheological conditions at the bed.
• To make available to educational establishments information on the …

Collaborative Research: Subglacial Water Intrusion In Greenland, Gordon K. Oswald

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

A full understanding of the flow and dynamics of an ice sheet will require knowledge of the state of its subglacial interface. While the topography of the Greenland Ice Sheet bed has been studied by radio echo sounding, its state in terms of melting and freezing, which itself affects its future evolution, has been inferred from numerical models, rather than from direct evidence.

This project is for analysis of existing radar echo data gathered under the PARCA and CReSIS programs, with the objective of generating direct evidence of the extent of subglacial water in Greenland and providing the glaciological community …

Determining The Extent And Characterizing Coral Reef Habitats Of The Northern Latitudes Of The Florida Reef Tract (Martin County), Brian K. Walker, David S. Gilliam

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Climate change has recently been implicated in poleward shifts of many tropical species including corals; thus attention focused on higher-latitude coral communities is warranted to investigate possible range expansions and ecosystem shifts due to global warming. As the northern extension of the Florida Reef Tract (FRT), the third-largest barrier reef ecosystem in the world, southeast Florida (25–27° N latitude) is a prime region to study such effects. Most of the shallow-water FRT benthic habitats have been mapped, however minimal data and limited knowledge exist about the coral reef communities of its northernmost reaches off Martin County. First benthic habitat mapping …

Regularization Methods For Predicting An Ordinal Response Using Longitudinal High-Dimensional Genomic Data, Jiayi Hou

Theses and Dissertations

Ordinal scales are commonly used to measure health status and disease related outcomes in hospital settings as well as in translational medical research. Notable examples include cancer staging, which is a five-category ordinal scale indicating tumor size, node involvement, and likelihood of metastasizing. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), which gives a reliable and objective assessment of conscious status of a patient, is an ordinal scaled measure. In addition, repeated measurements are common in clinical practice for tracking and monitoring the progression of complex diseases. Classical ordinal modeling methods based on the likelihood approach have contributed to the analysis of data in …

Representation, Recognition And Collaboration With Digital Ink, Rui Hu

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Pen input for computing devices is now widespread, providing a promising interaction mechanism for many purposes. Nevertheless, the diverse nature of digital ink and varied application domains still present many challenges. First, the sampling rate and resolution of pen-based devices keep improving, making input data more costly to process and store. At the same time, existing applications typically record digital ink either in proprietary formats, which are restricted to single platforms and consequently lack portability, or simply as images, which lose important information. Moreover, in certain domains such as mathematics, current systems are now achieving good recognition rates on individual …

Information-Entropic Stability Bound For Compact Objects: Application To Q-Balls And The Chandrasekhar Limit Of Polytropes, Marcelo Gleiser, Damian Sowinski

Dartmouth Scholarship

Spatially-bound objects across diverse length and energy scales are characterized by a binding energy. We propose that their spatial structure is mathematically encoded as information in their momentum modes and described by a measure known as configurational entropy (CE). Investigating solitonic Q-balls and stars with a polytropic equation of state P=Kργ, we show that objects with large binding energy have low CE, whereas those at the brink of instability (zero binding energy) have near maximal CE. In particular, we use the CE to find the critical charge allowing for classically stable Q-balls and the Chandrasekhar limit for white dwarfs (γ=4/3) …

Marine Park Planning And Recreational Fishing: Is The Science Lost At Sea? Case Studies From Australia, Daryl Mcphee

Daryl McPhee

“No take” marine parks are widely advocated and increasingly utilised as a tool aimed at protecting marine biodiversity, and they may also be used as a fisheries management tool. In Australia a national system of no-take marine parks is being established to protect marine biodiversity. The creation of this network of no-take marine parks that exclude the public from recreational fishing in large areas of the ocean is extremely contentious. Nearly one quarter of the Australian population goes recreational fishing at least once a year, and it is a $2 billion industry. The motivations for, and aspirations of these recreational …

Digital Images: They're Not Just For Viewing, Lori Ziegelmeier

Lori Beth Ziegelmeier

No abstract provided.

Zakład Termicznego Przekształcania Odpadów Komunalnych W Krakowie – Założenia Projektowe I Stan Realizacji Budowy, Mateusz Rzeszutek, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The aim of this paper is to discuss the design assumptions and to determine the current status of the construction of the Municipal Solid Waste Thermal Treatment Plant (ZTPOK) in Krakow with a capacity of 220 thousand tons per year. This plant, planned to be built by the end of 2015 years, will be an important element of municipal waste management system in the area of the Municipality of Krakow. ZTPOK in Krakow will consist of the following installations: two lines of municipal solid waste incinerators based on moving grate technology, an installation of chemical solidification and stabilization of fly …