Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Evaluation Of A Substitution Method For Idiom Transformation In Statistical Machine Translation, Giancarlo Salton, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher

Conference papers

We evaluate a substitution based technique for improving Statistical Machine Translation performance on idiomatic multiword expressions. The method operates by performing substitution on the original idiom with its literal meaning before translation, with a second substitution step replacing literal meanings with idioms following translation. We detail our approach, outline our implementation and provide an evaluation of the method for the language pair English/Brazilian-Portuguese. Our results show improvements in translation accuracy on sentences containing either morphosyntactically constrained or unconstrained idioms. We discuss the consequences of our results and outline potential extensions to this process.

Investigating Dna Barcoding Potentials And Genetic Structure In Ozobranchus Spp. From Atlantic And Pacific Ocean Sea Turtles, Triet Minh Truong

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The Ozobranchidae family is the smallest and least studied hirudinean taxon. Our research includes the largest molecular dataset yet reported for marine ozobranchids (Ozobranchus margoi and Ozobranchus branchiatus) with the most number of documented turtle hosts (57) from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans to date of any marine turtle epibiont study. Turtle species sampled in this study include loggerheads (Caretta caretta), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), and green turtles (Chelonia mydas). Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear ribosomal (18S and 28S) genes all support the monophyly of marine Ozobranchidae leeches with speciation occurring over an extensive period …

Thermal Properties Of Magnetic Nanoparticles In External Ac Magnetic Field, Anna Beata Lukawska

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This work studies thermal properties of magnetic nanoparticles in an external ac magnetic field. Dried iron and cobalt nanoparticles were prepared by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) and dicobalt octacarbonyl (Co2(CO)8), triscobalt nona(carbonyl)chloride (Co3(CO)9Cl), or tetracaobalt dodecacarbonyl (Co4(CO)12) [1]. The samples had different mean diameters: 5.6 - 21.4 nm for iron and 6.5 - 19.4 nm for cobalt. Each sample was exposed to ac magnetic field and the increase in temperature of the sample was measured. Results were analyzed to find the critical diameters for the transitions from multi-domain to single-domain and from single-domain to superparamagnetic regime. The nanoparticles …

Effect Of Land Use On Mercury In Soils Of Southwest Ohio, Rebecca L. Gamby

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Terrestrial biomass and soils are a primary reservoir of mercury (Hg) derived from natural and anthropogenic sources; however, the fate and stability of Hg in the surface soil reservoir and its susceptibility to change as a result of human activities is relatively unknown. In this study, soil concentrations of Hg and lead (Pb) were compared between old- and new-growth forest soils as well as fallow grassland and agricultural soils in southwest Ohio. Old- and new-growth forest soils had significantly greater concentrations of soil Hg, Pb, and organic matter than fallow and cultivated soils in the O/A horizon. Mercury:organic matter ratios …

Ultraviolet Rayleigh Scatter Imaging For Spatial Temperature Profiles In Atmospheric Microdischarges, James E. Caplinger

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Spatially resolved temperature measurements within a microdischarge in atmospheric pressure air have been conducted using Rayleigh scattering of a pulsed ultraviolet laser. Scattering intensity images were used to generate a radial profile of translational temperature, with the analysis based on the ideal gas inverse relationship of temperature and gas density. Rayleigh scattering results were compared to standard optical emission spectral analyses of N2(C3Πu - B3Πg) bands, where the calculated rotational temperatures from emission were in reasonable agreement with the Rayleigh translational temperature profiles.

A Novel Synergistic Model Fusing Electroencephalography And Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging For Modeling Brain Activities, Konstantinos Michalopoulos

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Study of the human brain is an important and very active area of research. Unraveling the way the human brain works would allow us to better understand, predict and prevent brain related diseases that affect a significant part of the population. Studying the brain response to certain input stimuli can help us determine the involved brain areas and understand the mechanisms that characterize behavioral and psychological traits.

In this research work two methods used for the monitoring of brain activities, Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional Magnetic Resonance (fMRI) have been studied for their fusion, in an attempt to bridge together the …

Automated Complexity-Sensitive Image Fusion, Brian Patrick Jackson

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To construct a complete representation of a scene with environmental obstacles such as fog, smoke, darkness, or textural homogeneity, multisensor video streams captured in diferent modalities are considered. A computational method for automatically fusing multimodal image streams into a highly informative and unified stream is proposed. The method consists of the following steps: 1. Image registration is performed to align video frames in the visible band over time, adapting to the nonplanarity of the scene by automatically subdividing the image domain into regions approximating planar patches

2. Wavelet coefficients are computed for each of the input frames in each modality …

Glacial Drift Thickness And Vs Characterized Using Three-Component Passive Seismic Data At The Dominion Stark-Summit Gas Storage Field, North Canton, Ohio, Cheryle Ann Boggs

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The Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) of broadband seismometer recordings, was explored in this study as a means of characterizing the varying depth to bedrock beneath a glacial drift surface layer. Data were collected using fifteen Guralp CMG-3ESPCD 3-component seismometers deployed from January 15, 2010 to March 16, 2010 over the Stark-Summit gas storage field of Dominion East Ohio. Using Antelope seismic analysis software, I used the HVSR of these seismic data to evaluate the apparent resonance frequency of the glacial drift surface layer and its dependency upon the thickness and shear velocity of the glacial drift. I also …

Chemical Analysis Of Exhaled Breath By Means Of Terahertz Rotational Spectroscopy, Tianle Guo

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Terahertz spectroscopy, due to the high sensitivity and specificity that it affords, has been incorporated in many fields to aid in the chemical analysis of gases. One potential application is to detect bio-markers in human breath for early diagnosis. Our current aim of our research is to establish a relationship between several chemicals and the glucose levels from human exhaled breath. 20 chemical including Acetone, Carbon monoxide (CO), Methanol were studied. Volunteers' breath samples were processed through a pre-concentration system before being injected into the spectrometer. Initially, a commercial preconcentration system, Entech 7100A, was used. However, due to the limitations …

An Evolutionary Approximation To Contrastive Divergence In Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machines, Ryan R. Mccoppin

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Deep learning is an emerging area in machine learning that exploits multi-layered neural networks to extract invariant relationships from large data sets. Deep learning uses layers of non-linear transformations to represent data in abstract and discrete forms. Several different architectures have been developed over the past few years specifically to process images including the Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machine. The Boltzmann Machine is trained using contrastive divergence, a depth-first gradient based training algorithm. Gradient based training methods have no guarantee of reaching an optimal solution and tend to search a limited region of the solution space. In this thesis, we present …

What Machines Understand About Personality Words After Reading The News, Eric David Moyer

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Vector-based lexical semantics is a powerful technique that still has many undiscovered applications. In this thesis I apply a vector-space lexical-semantic model newly developed by Mikolov et. al. trained on skip-grams to the lexical hypothesis in personality psychology. The method produces interpretable dimensions that are consistent across several sets of descriptive personality words. The dimensions include ones for conflict and positive and negative evaluation. However they are more descriptive of word usage semantics than of the characteristics of the thing described and thus do not include a recognizable component of the 5 factor model in their first 14 dimensions. They …

Synthesis And Biological Activity Of Indolinones, Kaleb Woodrow Cox

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Indolinones of the type known as Arylidene oxindoles have been demonstrated to possess a broad range of activity ranging from proten kinase inhibtors, cell-death inhibitors and tau protein binding agents. Small libraries of such molecules were designed and synthesized herein in modifications involving variously substituted halogen derivatives, N-alkylation of the indolinone nitrogen, and finally a new class of molecules, namely arylidene oxindoles possessing extended conjugation. The biological activities of such molecules were examined and the results disclosed herein.

In Vitro Oxygen Availability Modulates The Effect Of Artesunate On Hela Cells, James Murray, Sandra Gannan, Sarah Rawe, James Murphy

Articles

Background/Aim: Hypoxia can affect chemo - therapeutic drug efficacy in cancer patients, yet related in vitro assays in oxygen-rich environment remain the norm. Such levels are well beyond normoxic/hypoxic levels typically experienced by normal tissues/tumor masses. The present study evaluated how artesunate anti-tumor efficacy is modulated by oxygen availability in HeLa cells and its implications for future in vitro analyses. Materials and Methods: Real-time cell analysis was employed to evaluate HeLa cell toxicity to artesunate at 21%, 4% or 1% oxygen. Cell count analysis was performed to validate real-time data. Results: An increase in artesunate efficacy was observed when oxygen …

Examples Of G-Strand Equations, Darryl Holm, Rossen Ivanov

Conference papers

The G-strand equations for a map R×R into a Lie group G are associated to a G-invariant Lagrangian. The Lie group manifold is also the configuration space for the Lagrangian. The G-strand itself is the map g(t,s):R×R→G, where t and s are the independent variables of the G-strand equations. The Euler-Poincare´ reduction of the variational principle leads to a formulation where the dependent variables of the G-strand equations take values in the corresponding Lie algebra g and its co-algebra, g∗ with respect to the pairing provided by the variational derivatives of the Lagrangian. We review examples of G-strand constructions, including …

Zakharov-Shabat System With Constant Boundary Conditions. Reflectionless Potentials And End Point Singularities, Tihomir Valchev, Rossen Ivanov, Vladimir Gerdjikov

Conference papers

We consider scalar defocusing nonlinear Schroedinger equation with constant boundary conditions. We aim here to provide a self contained pedagogical exposition of the most important facts regarding integrability of that classical evolution equation. It comprises the following topics: direct and inverse scattering problem and the dressing method.

Global And Regional Impacts Of Hono On The Chemical Composition Of Clouds And Aerosols, Yasin F. Elshorbany, P. J. Crutzen, B. Steil, A. Pozzer, H. Tost, J. Lelieveld

USF St. Petersburg campus Faculty Publications

Recently, realistic simulation of nitrous acid (HONO) based on the HONO / NOx ratio of 0.02 was found to have a significant impact on the global budgets of HOx (OH + HO2) and gas phase oxidation products in polluted regions, especially in winter when other photolytic sources are of minor importance. It has been reported that chemistry-transport models underestimate sulphate concentrations, mostly during winter. Here we show that simulating realistic HONO levels can significantly enhance aerosol sulphate (S(VI)) due to the increased formation of H2SO4. Even though in-cloud aqueous phase oxidation of dissolved SO2 (S(IV)) is the main source of …

Abstract Modular Inference Systems And Solvers, Yuliya Lierler, Miroslaw Truszczyński

Computer Science Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

Integrating diverse formalisms into modular knowledge representation systems offers increased expressivity, modeling convenience and computational benefits. We introduce the concepts of abstract inference modules and abstract modular inference systems to study general principles behind the design and analysis of model-generating programs, or solvers, for integrated multilogic systems.We show how modules and modular systems give rise to transition graphs, which are a natural and convenient representation of solvers, an idea pioneered by the SAT community. We illustrate our approach by showing how it applies to answer-set programming and propositional logic, and to multi-logic systems based on these two formalisms.

Selective Catalytic Reduction Of Sulfur Dioxide By Carbon Monoxide Over Iron Oxide Supported On Activated Carbon, Guangjian Wang, Liancheng Bing, Zhijian Yang, Jiankang Zhang

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The selective reduction of sulfur dioxide with carbon monoxide to elemental sulfur was studied over AC-supported transition-metal oxide catalysts. According to the study, Fe_2O_3/AC was the most active catalyst among the 4 AC-supported catalysts tested. By using Fe_2O_3/AC, the best catalyst, when the feed conditions were properly optimized (CO/SO_2 molar ratio = 2:1; sulfidation temperature, 400 °C; Fe content, 20 wt%; GHSV = 7000 mL g^{-1} h^{-1}), 95.43% sulfur dioxide conversion and 86.59% sulfur yield were obtained at the temperature of 350 °C. Catalyst samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction in order to relate the phase composition to the …

A New Set Of Spectroscopic Metallicity Calibrations For Rr Lyrae Variable Stars, Eckhart Spalding

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

RR Lyrae stars are old, iron-poor, Helium-burning variable stars. RR Lyraes are extremely useful for tracing phase-space structures and metallicities within the galaxy because they are easy to identify, have consistent luminosities, and are found in large numbers in the galactic disk, bulge, and halo. Here we present a new set of spectroscopic metallicity calibrations that use the equivalent widths of the Ca II K, Hγ, and Hδ lines to calculate metallicity values. Applied to spectroscopic survey data, these calibrations will help shed light on the evolution of the Milky Way and other galaxies.

Universal Constraints On 2d Cfts And 3d Gravity, Joshua D. Qualls

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

We study constraints imposed on a general unitary two-dimensional conformal field theory by modular invariance. We begin with a review of previous bounds on the conformal dimension Delta₁ of the lowest primary operator assuming unitarity, a discrete spectrum, modular invariance, c_L, c_R > 1, and no extended chiral algebra. We then obtain bounds on the conformal dimensions Delta₂, Delta₃ using no additional assumptions. We also show that in order to find a bound for Delta₄ or higher Delta_n, we need to assume a larger minimum value for c_tot that grows …

The Dijet Cross Section Measurement In Proton-Proton Collisions At A Center Of Mass Energy Of 500 Gev At Star, Grant D. Webb

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Polarized deep inelastic scattering experiments play a vital role in the exploration of the spin structure of the proton. The polarized proton-proton collider at RHIC provides direct access to the gluon spin distribution through longitudinal double spin asymmetry measurements of inclusive jets, pions, and dijets. This thesis presents the measurement of the dijet double differential cross-section in proton-proton collisions at center of mass energies of √s = 500 GeV. The data represent an integrated luminosity of 8.7 pb^-1 recorded by the STAR detector during the 2009 RHIC run. A comprehensive jet analysis was performed to determine the ideal …

Short And Long-Term Lifestyle Coaching Approaches Used To Address Diverse Participant Barriers To Weight Loss And Physical Activity Adherence, Elizabeth M. Venditti, Judith Wylie-Rosett, Linda M. Delahanty, Lisa L. Mele, Mary A. Hoskin, Sharon Edelstein

GW Biostatistics Center

Background

Individual barriers to weight loss and physical activity goals in the Diabetes Prevention Program, a randomized trial with 3.2 years average treatment duration, have not been previously reported. Evaluating barriers and the lifestyle coaching approaches used to improve adherence in a large, diverse participant cohort can inform dissemination efforts.

Methods

Lifestyle coaches documented barriers and approaches after each session (mean session attendance = 50.3 +/- 21.8). Subjects were 1076 intensive lifestyle participants (mean age = 50.6 years; mean BMI = 33.9 kg/m2; 68% female, 48% non-Caucasian). Barriers and approaches used to improve adherence were ranked by the percentage of …

Cardiometabolic Risk Assessments By Body Mass Index Z-Score Or Waist-To-Height Ratio In A Multiethnic Sample Of Sixth-Graders, Henry S. Kahn, Laure El Ghormli, Russell Jago, Gary D. Foster, Robert G. Mcmurray, John B. Buse, Diane D. Stadler, Roberto P. Trevino, Tom Baranowski, Healthy Study Group

GW Biostatistics Center

Convention defines pediatric adiposity by the body mass index -score (BMIz) referenced to normative growth charts. Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) does not depend on sex-and-age references. In the HEALTHY Study enrollment sample, we compared BMIz with WHtR for ability to identify adverse cardiometabolic risk. Among 5,482 sixth-grade students from 42 middle schools, we estimated explanatory variations (R²) and standardized beta coefficients of BMIz or WHtR for cardiometabolic risk factors: insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids, blood pressures, and glucose. For each risk outcome variable, we prepared adjusted regression models for four subpopulations stratified by sex and high versus lower fatness. …

Analysis Of Schizophrenia Data Using A Nonlinear Threshold Index Logistic Model., Zhenyu Jiang, Chengan Du, Assen Jablensky, Hua Liang, Zudi Lu, Yang Ma, Kok Lay Teo

GW Biostatistics Center

Genetic information, such as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, has been widely recognized as useful in prediction of disease risk. However, how to model the genetic data that is often categorical in disease class prediction is complex and challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel class of nonlinear threshold index logistic models to deal with the complex, nonlinear effects of categorical/discrete SNP covariates for Schizophrenia class prediction. A maximum likelihood methodology is suggested to estimate the unknown parameters in the models. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed methodology works viably well for moderate-size samples. The suggested approach is therefore …

Gis Data: Gloucester County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie Bradshaw, Karen Duhring, David Stanhope, Kory Angstadt, Christine Tombleson, David Weiss, Carl Hershner

Data

The 2014 Tidal Marsh Inventory update for Gloucester County, Virginia was generated using on-screen digitizing techniques in the most recent version of ArcGIS® - ArcMap while viewing conditions observed in the most recent imagery from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP). Dominant plant community types were primarily determined during field surveys from shallow-draft boats moving along the shoreline. Land-based surveys were performed in some locations. One shapefile is developed that portrays tidal marsh areas represented as polygons. A metadata file accompanies the shapefile to define attribute accuracy, data development, and any use restrictions that pertain to the data.

Gis Data: City Of Newport News, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie Bradshaw, Karen Duhring, Kory Angstadt, Alexandra Procopi, David Weiss, Carl Hershner

Data

The data inventory developed for the Shoreline Inventory is based on a three tiered shoreline assessment approach. This assessment characterizes conditions that can be observed from a small boat navigating along the shoreline or by using observations made remotely at the desktop using high resolution imagery. The three tiered shoreline assessment approach divides the shorezone into three regions:

1) the immediate riparian zone, evaluated for land use; 2) the bank, evaluated for height, stability, cover and natural protection; and 3) the shoreline, describing the presence of shoreline structures for shore protection and recreational purposes.

The 2014 Inventory for the City …

Gis Data: Northumberland County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tami Rudnicky, Julie Bradshaw, Karen Duhring, David Stanhope, Kory Angstadt, Christine Tombleson, Alexandra Procopi, David Weiss, Carl Hershner

Data

The data inventory developed for the Shoreline Inventory is based on a three tiered shoreline assessment approach. This assessment characterizes conditions that can be observed from a small boat navigating along the shoreline or by using observations made remotely at the desktop using high resolution imagery. The three tiered shoreline assessment approach divides the shorezone into three regions:

1 ) the immediate riparian zone, evaluated for land use; 2 ) the bank, evaluated for height, stability, cover and natural protection; and 3 ) the shoreline, describing the presence of shoreline structures for shore protection and recreational purposes.

The 2014 Inventory …

Analysis And Modeling Techniques For Geo-Spatial And Spatio-Temporal Datasets, Kulsawasd Jitkajornwanich

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations

In recent years, spatio-temporal data has received a lot of attention and increasingly plays an important role in our everyday lives as we can witness from the fast-growing mobile technologies and its location-based application development. By spatio-temporal data, we mean data that is associated with specific spatial locations that change over time. For example, a cellphone or car with GPS will generate the object location at regular time intervals. Another example would be the track of a storm center as it moves. Spatio-temporal data could be thought of as a huge data warehouse, which contains hidden and meaningful information. However, …

The Impact Of Impoundment And Urbanization On Shallow Groundwater Conditions In The Joe Pool Lake Catchment, Texas, Manoj K. Ghimire

Earth & Environmental Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation is an assessment of the shallow groundwater (SGW) regime within the drainage area of Joe Pool Lake (JPL), an impoundment on Mountain Creek (MC) located in Grand Prairie, Texas. A thin zone of highly-weathered consolidated rock is normally found at the upper surface of the bedrock in north-central Texas; the SGW regime, or shallow aquifer, as defined for this study, extends vertically downward from the water table to the base of this highly-weathered layer, and extends laterally over the surface water drainage area of JPL and its tributaries. Geologically, the shallow aquifer thus consists largely of unconsolidated material, …

Constraining The Provenance Of Middle Cenozoic Fluvial Sandstone In The Central Rocky Mountains Using Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology And Sandstone Petrography, Alex Leigh Mankin

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and sandstone petrography are studied to constrain the provenance of middle Cenozoic fluvial sandstone in the Central Rocky Mountains. Petrographic point counting of 12 sandstone samples show immature compositions, and combined recycled orogen provenance of the proximal Laramide uplifts and magmatic arc provenance of the distal middle Cenozoic magmatism in western and southwestern North America. A total of 670 detrital zircon U-Pb ages show a 17-44 Ma population, derived from the distal middle Cenozoic magmatism, and populations of 45-218 Ma, 220-708 Ma, 948-1326 Ma, 1332-1816 Ma, and 1825-3314 Ma, derived or recycled from the Precambrian basement …