Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Nature Of Luminescence Of Ki And Ki-Na Crystals At Low Temperature Deformation After Natural Decrease In The Symmetry Of The Lattice, K. Shunkeyev, N. Zhanturina, L. Myasnikova, D. Sergeyev, Z. Aimaganbetova, Sh. Sagimbaeva, A. Barmina, Zh. Ubaev

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

The X-ray luminescence spectra at low temperature (90K) uniaxial deformation were researched for KI and KI-Na crystals, that were stored for more than 10 years. The following regularities were observed: firstly, the intensities of the intrinsic emission bands at 3.3 eV (π) and 4.1 eV ( σ ) become equal in com- parison with freshly grown crystals; and secondly, with an increase in the degree of low-temperature uniaxial deformation, a gradual shift of the emission spectra occurs in two directions: the luminescence maximum at 3.3 eV shifts towards short wavelengths, the final position is fixed at 3.9 eV, which prac- …

A Brief Review Of Conductivity And Thermal Expansion Of Perovskite-Related Oxides For Sofc Cathode, A. V. Nikonov, K. A. Kuterbekov, K. Zh. Bekmyrza, N. B. Pavzderin

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

Cathode materials with mixed ion-electron conductivity (MIEC) are necessary for the development of low or intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Perovskite and perovskite-related materials are promising candidates on this role. In the review the conductivity and the thermal expansion of materials with various types of perovskite-related structures such as pure perovskite, double perovskite, brownmillerite and Ruddlesden-Popper phases have been compared. And the literature data on the values of the electronic and ionic conductivities, the oxygen diffusion coefficient, and the thermal expansion coefficient of various compositions have been collected. It was shown that the disordered cubic perovskites possess the higher …

Neutrino Oscillation Induced By Horizontal Symmetry, X. Wang, Y. Li, X. Chen

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

To obtain the interactions which cause neutrino flavor conversion, we introduce a horizontal symmetry into the standard model (SM) and propose the hypothesis that new interactions generated by the horizontal symmetry lead to neutrino flavor conversion and oscillation. To support our hypothesis, we evaluate the flavor conversion probability by new interactions by utilizing the definition of cross section, and the prediction is consistent to experimental data. From our hypothesis, neutrino oscillation is fluctuation of flavor distribution before arriving at equilibrium.

Synthesis Of Boride-Titanium Coatings By Magnetron Sputtering Of Composite Targetss, A. S. Larionov, E. A. Zhakanbaeyev, A. L. Kozlovski, A. S. Dikov, S. B. Kislitsin, L. V. Chekushina

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

The paper presents the results of investigations of the structure and phase composition of titanium boride coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering from a target of a complex composition onto a steel substrate. The target for magnetron sputtering was obtained by sintering boron carbide and titanium powders. The structure and elemental composition of the coating were studied using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the energy-dispersive spectral (EDS). It was established that the coatin g structure is a mixture of Ti₂B₅ and TiB₁₂ phases with the total boron content of ≈ 80 at %, which …

Serpentinization: Connecting Geochemistry, Ancient Metabolism And Industrial Hydrogenation, Martina Preiner, Joana C. Xavier, Fliipa L. Sousa, Verena Zimorski, Anna Neubeck, Susan Q. Lang, H. Chris Greenwell, Karl Kleinermanns, Harun Tüysüz, Tom M. Mccollom, Nils G. Holm, William F. Martin

Faculty Publications

Rock–water–carbon interactions germane to serpentinization in hydrothermal vents have occurred for over 4 billion years, ever since there was liquid water on Earth. Serpentinization converts iron(II) containing minerals and water to magnetite (Fe₃O₄) plus H₂. The hydrogen can generate native metals such as awaruite (Ni₃Fe), a common serpentinization product. Awaruite catalyzes the synthesis of methane from H₂ and CO₂ under hydrothermal conditions. Native iron and nickel catalyze the synthesis of formate, methanol, acetate, and pyruvate—intermediates of the acetyl-CoA pathway, the most ancient pathway of CO₂ fixation. Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase …

The Firece Green Fire: Vol. 9 Issue 3, Wofford College Environmental Studies Program

The Fierce Green Fire

No abstract provided.

Research Innovation And Institutional Growth: Digital Humanities, Usm, And The University Of Maine System, Janet M. Billson, Katherine Bessey

Research Innovation and Institutional Growth

No abstract provided.

The Distribution And Lifetime Of Powerful Radio Galaxies As A Function Of Environment And Redshift, David Garofalo, Chandra B. Singh, Alexa Zack

Faculty Articles

Correlations between jet power and active time for z < 0.1 high excitation and low excitation radio galaxies are explored as well as evidence in favor of a specific, non-random distribution for these objects including mid-infrared emitting radio galaxies as a function of environment and redshift. In addition, so-called weak line radio galaxies with FRII jet morphology have been identified as a class of active galaxies in the process of shutting down. This paper identifies common features between these seemingly disparate phenomena described above for the population of radio galaxies, and strings them together by way of a simple phenomenological framework that has shed light on the radio loud/radio quiet dichotomy, the jet-disk connection, and the distribution of all active galaxies as a function of redshift.

An Updated Description Of The Hydrogen Bond And Related Noncovalent Bonds, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The hydrogen bond is typically introduced briefly in General Chemistry as a simple electrostatic phenomenon involving a small and select group of atoms, a definition which is typically unchanged through higher levels in the curriculum. But this definition has undergone dramatic modernization of which students should be made aware. The original formulation in terms of only F, O, and N atoms has broadened very considerably, encompassing C as well as atoms from lower rows in the periodic table. The influence of hybridization, substituents, and overall charge cannot be overlooked. In addition to the Coulombic attraction, there are other “covalent” contributors …

Coupling Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy And 3d Modelling To Probe Membrane Permeability Of Human Bladder Cancer (T24) Cells, Fraser Filice

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) scans a biased ultramicroelectrode (≤ 25 µm) probe over a sample to characterize topography, physical properties and chemical reactivity. In this dissertation, SECM was used to investigate the metal-induced changes in membrane response of single live human bladder cancer cells (T24). SECM imaging was coupled to 3D finite element method (FEM) simulations which were the first of their kind, providing advanced quantification of sample traits under conditions not previously usable.

The effects of Cd²⁺ on T24 cell membrane permeability were examined. Experimental depth-scan imaging was coupled with full 3D FEM simulations, eliminating many limitations of …

Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry And Molecular Dynamics Simulations For Studying Protein Structure And Dynamics, Yiming Xiao

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Deciphering properties of proteins are essential for human health and aiding in the development of new pharmaceuticals. This dissertation uses hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry (MS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study protein dynamics, for improving the understanding of protein folding/unfolding mechanisms, and ligand binding and allosteric regulation.

Chapter 2 uses HDX-MS for probing the conformational dynamics of myoglobin in the presence of N₂ bubbles. We propose a dynamic model that reproduces the observed data: “semi-unfolded” “native” “globally unfolded” -> “aggregated”. Chapter 3 focuses on osteoprotegerin (OPG), which hinders bone resorption by inhibiting RANK/RANKL interactions. The dimerization of …

Comprehensive Evaluation Of Treatment And Outcomes Of Low-Grade Diffuse Gliomas, Catherine R. Garcia, Stacey A. Slone, Thomas A. Pittman, William H. St. Clair, Donita D. Lightner, John L. Villano

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Background

Low-grade gliomas affect younger adults and carry a favorable prognosis. They include a variety of biological features affecting clinical behavior and treatment. Having no guidelines on treatment established, we aim to describe clinical and treatment patterns of low-grade gliomas across the largest cancer database in the United States.

Methods

We analyzed the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2015, for adult patients with a diagnosis of World Health Organization grade II diffuse glioma.

Results

We analyzed 13,621 cases with median age of 41 years. Over 56% were male, 88.4% were white, 6.1% were black, and 7.6% Hispanic. The most …

The Santa Clara, 2018-09-20, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Challenges And Techniques For Simulating Line Emission, Karen P. Olsen, Andrea Pallottini, Aida Wofford, Marios Chatzikos, Mitchell Revalski, Francisco Guzmán, Gergö Popping, Enrique Vázquez-Semadeni, Georgios E. Magdis, Mark L. A. Richardson, Michaela Hirschmann, William J. Gray

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Modeling emission lines from the millimeter to the UV and producing synthetic spectra is crucial for a good understanding of observations, yet it is an art filled with hazards. This is the proceedings of “Walking the Line”, a 3-day conference held in 2018 that brought together scientists working on different aspects of emission line simulations, in order to share knowledge and discuss the methodology. Emission lines across the spectrum from the millimeter to the UV were discussed, with most of the focus on the interstellar medium, but also some topics on the circumgalactic medium. The most important quality of a …

Systemic Immunosuppression And Risk Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Harpal S. Sandhu, Joshua Lambert, Yan Xu, Henry J. Kaplan

Applied Statistics Laboratory Faculty Publications

A local immune response has been implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but it is unclear if systemic immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) protects against the onset and/or progression of AMD. We performed a retrospective cohort study using a Cox proportional hazards model of two cohorts. Cohort 1 included patients with stage V chronic kidney disease (CKD) status post kidney transplantation, on at least one IMT agent, and older than 50. Cohort 2 included patients with stage IV or V CKD who had not undergone kidney transplantation, were not on IMT, and were older than 50. The main outcomes …

A Field Guide For Weathering: Embodied Tactics For Collectives Of Two Or More Humans, Jennifer Mae Hamilton, Astrida Neimanis

The Goose

In our inherited meteorological practices and frameworks, weather conditions are managed for us in a range of ways (for example, through architecture, technology, commodity culture, infrastructure, economic rationale). This field guide brings the weather back to the body. A traditional field guide provides tools for the individual sovereign human subject to observe and document nature “over there”. In contrast, through a range of different activities, our field guide not only invites investigation and cataloguing of the field that we also comprise, but also challenges what counts as a noteworthy observation regarding the weather and also climate.

Odu Resilience Collaborative: Presentation To The Hampton Roads Chapter Of Aspa, Wie Yusuf

Presentations, Lectures, Posters, Reports

Presentation to the Hampton Roads Chapter of ASPA on the work and projects of the ODU Resilience Collaborative.

Removal Efficiencies, Uptake Mechanisms And Competitive Effects Of Copper And Zinc In Various Stormwater Filter Media, Emily Heleva-Ponaski

Dissertations and Theses

Polluted stormwater, if not treated, can compromise water quality throughout our hydrologic cycle, adversely affecting aquatic ecosystems. Common stormwater pollutants, copper and zinc, have been identified as primary toxicants in multiple freshwater and marine environments. For small-scale generators, stormwater management can be cumbersome and implementation of common BMPs impractical thus catch basins are popular though not the most environmentally conscious and sustainable option. This study aims to characterize the potential of a mobile media filter operation for the treatment and on-site recycling of catch basin stormwater. The removal capacities of various commercially available filter media (e.g. a common perlite; Earthlite™, …

Strongly Lensed Repeating Fast Radio Bursts As Precision Probes Of The Universe, Zheng-Xiang Li, He Gao, Xu-Heng Ding, Guo-Jian Wang, Bing Zhang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

See full text for abstract.

Survivability Of Moon Systems Around Ejected Gas Giants, Ian Rabago, Jason H. Steffen

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

We examine the effects that planetary encounters have on the moon systems of ejected gas giant planets. We conduct a suite of numerical simulations of planetary systems containing three Jupiter-mass planets (with the innermost planet at 3 AU) up to the point where a planet is ejected from the system. The ejected planet has an initial system of 100 test-particle moons. We determine the survival probability of moons at different distances from their host planet, measure the final distribution of orbital elements, examine the stability of resonant configurations, and characterize the properties of moons that are stripped from the planets. …

Tailoring The Asymmetric Magnetoimpedance Response In Exchange-Biased Ni - Fe Multilayers, Ufuk Kilic, Carolina Ross, Carlos Garcia

Ufuk Kilic

Tracking The Weight Of Hurricane Harvey’S Stormwater Using Gps Data, Chris Milliner, Kathryn Materna, Roland Bürgmann, Yuning Fu, Angelyn W. Moore, David Bekaert, Surendra Adhikari, Donald F. Argus

School of Earth, Environment and Society Faculty Publications

On 26 August 2017, Hurricane Harvey struck the Gulf Coast as a category four cyclone depositing ~95 km3 of water, making it the wettest cyclone in U.S. history. Water left in Harvey’s wake should cause elastic loading and subsidence of Earth’s crust, and uplift as it drains into the ocean and evaporates. To track daily changes of transient water storage, we use Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements, finding a clear migration of subsidence (up to 21 mm) and horizontal motion (up to 4 mm) across the Gulf Coast, followed by gradual uplift over a 5-week period. Inversion of these data …

Phosphorus And Potassium Fertilizer Application Strategies In Corn–Soybean Rotations, Timothy J. Boring, Kurt D. Thelen, James E. Board, Jason L. De Bruin, Chad D. Lee, Seth L. Naeve, William J. Ross, Wade A. Kent, Landon L. Ries

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

To determine if current university fertilizer rate and timing recommendations pose a limitation to high-yield corn (Zea mays subsp. mays) and soybean (Glycine max) production, this study compared annual Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) fertilizer applications to biennial fertilizer applications, applied at 1× and 2× recommended rates in corn–soybean rotations located in Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), Michigan (MI), Arkansas (AR), and Louisiana (LA). At locations with either soil test P or K in the sub-optimal range, corn grain yield was significantly increased with fertilizer application at five of sixteen site years, while soybean seed yield was significantly …

Role Of Water Flow Regime In The Swimming Behaviour And Escape Performance Of A Schooling Fish, Lauren E. Nadler, Shaun S. Killen, Paolo Domenici, Mark I. Mccormick

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Animals are exposed to variable and rapidly changing environmental flow conditions, such as wind in terrestrial habitats and currents in aquatic systems. For fishes, previous work suggests that individuals exhibit flow-induced changes in aerobic swimming performance. Yet, no one has examined whether similar plasticity is found in fast-start escape responses, which are modulated by anaerobic swimming performance, sensory stimuli and neural control. In this study, we used fish from wild schools of the tropical damselfish Chromis viridis from shallow reefs surrounding Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The flow regime at each site was measured to ascertain differences …

Evolution Of Grain Size Distributions And Bed Mobility During Hydrographs In Gravel-Bed Braided Rivers, Sarah Peirce, Peter Ashmore, Pauline Leduc

Geography & Environment Publications

Evolution of bed material mobility and bedload grain size distributions under a range of discharges is rarely observed in braiding in gravel-bed rivers. Yet, the changing of bedload grain size distributions with discharge is expected to be different from laterally stable, threshold, channels on which most gravel bedload theory and observation are based. Here, simultaneous observations of flow, bedload transport rate, and morphological change were made in a physical model of a gravel-bed braided river to document the evolution of grain size distributions and bed mobility over three experimental event hydrographs. Bedload transport rate and grain size distributions were measured …

Particulate Metal Exposures Induce Plasma Metabolome Changes In A Commuter Panel Study, Chandresh N. Ladva, Rachel Golan, Donghai Liang, Roby Greenwald, Douglas I. Walker, Amit U. Raysoni, Vilinh Tran, Tianwei Yu, W. Dana Flanders, Gary W. Miller

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction

Advances in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) have enabled high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) to emerge as a sensitive tool for measuring environmental exposures and corresponding biological response. Using measurements collected as part of a large, panel-based study of car commuters, the current analysis examines in-vehicle air pollution concentrations, targeted inflammatory biomarker levels, and metabolomic profiles to trace potential metabolic perturbations associated with on-road traffic exposures.

Methods

A 60-person panel of adults participated in a crossover study, where each participant conducted a highway commute and randomized to either a side-street commute or clinic exposure session. In addition to in-vehicle exposure characterizations, participants …

Mechanism Of Protein Charging And Supercharging In Electrospray Ionization: Molecular Dynamics Simulations And Experimental Investigations, Haidy S. Metwally

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is a powerful technique for investigating protein structures, conformations, and interactions. Despite its widespread use, many fundamental aspects of ESI remain poorly understood. In this thesis, we use a combination of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and experiments to gain insights into the hidden complexities of ESI-MS.

Chapter 2 discusses the topic of salt-induced protein signal degradation. Salts such as NaCl, CsCl, and tetrabutyl ammonium chloride (NBu₄Cl) interfere with MS data acquisition, leading to adduct formation and signal suppression. MD simulations provide an explanation for these salt interferences. Signal suppression can be broken down …

Structural And Wetting Properties Of Nature's Finest Silks (Order Embioptera), Grace Y. Stokes, Evangelea N. Dicicco, Trevor J. Moore, Vivian C. Cheng, Kira Y. Wheeler, John Soghigian, Richard P. Barber Jr., Janice Edgerly-Rooks

Physics

Insects from the order Embioptera (webspinners) spin silk fibres which are less than 200 nm in diameter. In this work, we characterized and compared the diameters of single silk fibres from nine species—Antipaluria urichi, Pararhagadochir trinitatis, Saussurembia calypso, Diradius vandykei, Aposthonia ceylonica, Haploembia solieri, H. tarsalis, Oligotoma nigra and O. saundersii. Silk from seven of these species have not been previously quantified. Our studies cover five of the 10 named taxonomic families and represent about one third of the known taxonomic family-level diversity in the order Embioptera. Naturally spun silk varied …

The Role Of Proton Transport In Gating Current In A Voltage Gated Ion Channel, As Shown By Quantum Calculations, Alisher M. Kariev, Michael E. Green

Publications and Research

Over two-thirds of a century ago, Hodgkin and Huxley proposed the existence of voltage gated ion channels (VGIC) to carry Na⁺ and K⁺ ions across the cell membrane to create the nerve impulse, in response to depolarization of the membrane. The channels have multiple physiological roles, and play a central role in a wide variety of diseases when they malfunction. The first channel structure was found by MacKinnon and coworkers in 1998. Subsequently the structure of a number of VGIC was determined in the open (ion conducting) state. This type of channel consists of four voltage sensing domains …

Minutes & Seconds: The Scientists, Patrick Aievoli

Zea E-Books Collection

Minutes & Seconds, is a captivating intelligible read for those who strive to understand where the “what if” moment has gone. Succeeding his other captivating books, Aievoli’s deep introspective lens dials his readers in to awaken the proverbial sleeping giant inside of our consciousness. He designs an insightful exciting romp through the surreal landscape of our society and illustrates how various pioneers have lead us to a crossroads. I’m truly impressed with Aievoli’s perspicacious comprehension of where digital has taken us through the hands of these select individuals. --Sequoyah Wharton

In creating Minutes & Seconds, Aievoli has assembled an interesting …