Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Analysis Of Land Surface Temperature Over Urban Landcover Types Using Satellite Remote Sensing And Ground-Based Applications, Makini Valentine, Justine Ginchereau

Publications and Research

Urban areas have discrete differences in their land surface temperatures (LST) compared to rural areas. These regions are covered with impermeable materials with less vegetation and moisture. Consequently, this phenomenon causes major thermal intensities of different land surfaces, negatively impact people and environment. The objective of this project is to examine and to compare land surface temperature obtained from in-situ data and satellite-based observations in order to understand the diurnal variation and heat transfer at each surface type. The study utilizes series of hand held thermal infrared cameras and one Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) infrared camera to find land surface …

Historical Effects Of Electronic Interfaces, G James Mitchell

Publications and Research

Electronic interfaces are a primary tool for most professional and personal communication currently happening. Electronics, like the human mind, are limited by the understanding of executing will, or commands. This can be characterized as “interface limitations” of digital technology. Identifying this bottleneck in technological development has been critical in historical changes to both hardware and software technology. Recent medical research examines a novel user interface to reduce task load. I hypothesize, interface developments that take cues from nonverbal human communication enhance and sustain the significance of those technologies in society. By examining pivotal moments of historical technology we can identify …

Computational Techniques For Scattering Amplitudes, Juliano A. Everett

Publications and Research

Scattering amplitudes in quantum field theory can be described as the probability of a scattering process to happen within a high energy particle interaction, as well as a bridge between experimental measurements and the prediction of the theory.

In this research project, we explore the Standard Model of Particle Theory, it’s representation in terms of Feynman diagrams and the algebraic formulas associated with each combination.

Using the FeynArts program as a tool for generating Feynman diagrams, we evaluate the expressions of a set of physical processes, and explain why these techniques become necessary to achieve this goal.

Gmaim: An Analytical Pipeline For Microrna Splicing Profiling Using Generative Model, Kan Liu

Department of Computer Science and Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short (~22 nt) single strand RNA molecules predominantly found in eukaryotes. Being involved in many major biological processes, miRNAs can regulate gene expression by targeting mRNAs to facilitate their degradation or translational inhibition. The imprecise splicing of miRNA splicing which introduces severe variability in terms of sequences of miRNA products and their corresponding downstream gene expression regulation. For example, to study biogenesis of miRNAs, usually, biologists can deplete a gene in the miRNA biogenesis pathway and study the change of miRNA sequences, which can cause impression of miRNAs. Although high-throughput sequencing technologies such as …

Transverse Anderson Localization In Optical Fibers: High-Quality Wave Transmission And Novel Lasing Applications, Behnam Abaie

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

In this dissertation, transverse Anderson localization (TAL) of light mediated by disordered optical fibers is exploited for high-quality optical wave transmission and novel random lasing applications. En route, we first establish a powerful numerical platform for detailed investigation of TAL optical fibers (TALOF). Our approach is based on a modal perspective as opposed to beam propagation method (BPM) which was primarily used in the previous studies of TAL in disordered optical fibers. The versatile numerical tools developed in our simulations result in a potent methodology for simulation of TALOFs; the result is a fast and effective algorithm which can be …

Tcp Server And Client: Bookstore Enquiry, Fawaz Bukhowa

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

An application called "Bookstore Enquiry", and it is implemented in Java using TCP client-server program. It contains two programs; one program is called "Server" and another one is called "Client". In this application, the 'server' maintains information about books and for each book it stores information like 'BookId', 'BookName', 'BookEdition', 'AvailableStock', 'UnitPrice', 'Discount'. This application works in such a way that, the server runs indefinitely and waits for client requests. The Client will accept the BookId & BookName from console and send it to server. If the server finds any books that matches with sent details, then it shows "BOOK …

Measurement Of The Γ*Γ* → Η' Transition Form Factor, J.P. Lees, V. Poireau, V. Tisserand, E. Grauges, A. Palano, G. Eigen, D. N. Brown, Yu G. Kolomensky, M. Fritsch, H. Koch, T. Schroeder, C. Hearty, T. S. Mattison, J. A. Mckenna, R. Y. So, V. E. Blinov, A. R. Buzykaev, V. P. Druzhinin, V. B. Golubev, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We study the process e⁺e⁻→e⁺e⁻η′ in the double-tag mode and measure for the first time the γ^*γ^*→ η′ transition form factor Fη′ (Q ² ₁ , Q² ₂) in the momentum-transfer range 2< Q ² ₁ , Q² ₂ 60 GeV ² . The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of around 469     fb^{− 1} collected at the PEP-II e ⁺e ⁻ collider with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies near 10.6 GeV.

1; Q2 2Þ in the …

Synthesis And Integration Of Oligoviologens Into Hydrogel Actuators, Kevin Liles

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Interest in the development of soft-material artificial molecular muscles has inspired scientists to pursue novel stimuli-responsive systems capable of undergoing change in the physical and mechanical properties of a material in response to external stimuli. This interest has been driven primarily by advances, or the desire for advances, in fields such as soft robotics, microfluidics, and bio-compatible drug-delivery systems. In this work, redox-responsive viologens and their ability to form stable radical-cation complexes were evaluated as a method of actuation in stimuli-responsive materials, specifically hydrogels.

First, a brief overview of hydrogel actuators is covered, with some examples given of the broad …

Bots, Bias And Big Data: Artificial Intelligence, Algorithmic Bias And Disparate Impact Liability In Hiring Practices, Mckenzie Raub

Arkansas Law Review

No abstract provided.

Green Supply Chain Management: A Perspective On Best Practices In Gscm Design, Leroy Paddock, Natasha Rao

Arkansas Law Review

No abstract provided.

Reclaiming Energy Efficiency In An Age Of Petroleum Exclusion, Monika Ehrman

Arkansas Law Review

No abstract provided.

Contracting For Sustainable Surface Management, Tara Righetti

Arkansas Law Review

No abstract provided.

Keynote: Motivating Private Climate Governance: The Role Of The Efficiency Gap, Michael P. Vandenbergh

Arkansas Law Review

The topic of this symposium, “Environmental Sustainability and Private Governance,” is important and timely. In response to the shrinking federal role in environmental protection, many policy advocates have focused on the role of states and cities, but this symposium focuses on another important source of sustainability initiatives: the private sector, including corporations, households, civic and cultural organizations, religious organizations, private hospitals, colleges and universities, and other organizations. States, cities, and other subnational government responses are increasingly important, but the limited geographic reach of subnational governments constrains their ability to address many environmental problems. For instance, although twenty states have set …

Incentives For Coastal Persistence, Porter Hoagland

Sustainability Seminar Series

Inundation, erosion, and property damages and losses are being observed at increasing rates in coastal areas. It is now well-recognized that rising sea levels, increases in storm intensities, and inadequate structural protections are contributing to the significant physical destruction of and economic losses to coastal properties. Scientists, coastal zone managers, and the general public have begun to call for implementing policies of resilience and adaptation to these losses, including retreating from the coast, yet humans continue to live—and even increase their presence—along the nation’s shorelines. What causes such persistence? It has become commonplace to identify lower-than-actuarially-fair premiums for participation in …

Properties Of Si Quantum Dots, Carolyn C. F Cadogan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The fundamental properties of matter in confined particles change dramatically due to quantum effects. In this work, we have explored the optical properties of silicon quantum dots (Si-QDs) embedded in Si₃N₄; and the role of crystallinity on the optical properties and formation of Si-QDs in Al₂O₃. This work examined the role of (1) annealing temperature and the composition of the film, (2) Al doping of the host Si₃N₄ film, (3) doping Si-QDs and (4) Al and P passivation of Si-QDs on the PL intensity of Si-QDs embedded in Si …

Weather And Climate Summary And Forecast: December 2018 Report, Gregory V. Jones

Linfield University Wine Studies Reports

This report provides a summary of the weather and climate forecast for December 2018. It includes forecast information specific to the Pacific Northwest and the western United States, as well as forecast information for other portions of the United States and abroad.

Attributing Accelerated Increases In Salinity In The Mediterranean Coastal Zone To Climate Change And Seawater Desalination Brine And The Resultant Unsustainability Of Modern Desalination Technology, Brandon W. Harper

HCNSO Student Capstones

Anthropogenic climate change influences our oceans on a global scale and has brought about increased salinity levels in large areas of our oceans such as the North Atlantic (Dunbar 2009). Concentrations of large scale desalination plants around small bodies of water add to this pattern and have shown even larger increases in salinity due to desalination brine discharge (Purnama et al., 2005). Salinity profile data over time should show similar increases in salinity in the Mediterranean Sea due to climate change and localized data should show increased salinity due to brine discharge. This study aims to pinpoint the extent of …

How Does The New Urban Agenda Align With Comprehensive Planning In U.S. Cities? A Case Study Of Asheville, North Carolina, Matthew Cohen, Geoffrey Habron

Earth and Environmental Sciences Publications

Despite growing interests in sustainable urban development, planning lacks unifying themes or directives for achieving sustainability in cities. While professional rating systems provide some guidance, they can be context-specific by country and may at best target weak sustainability as their intended outcome. The United Nations’ New Urban Agenda attempts to offer a singular vision for urban sustainability, and its language appears flexible enough to apply across contexts. In this research, we explore the extent that emergent themes from the New Urban Agenda can guide urban planning for sustainability, specifically in the United States (U.S.). We develop inductive codes from the …

Optimization Of Light Irradiance During The Early Life Of Sexually-Produced Porites Astreoides And Agaricia Agaricites Recruits, Nicholas J. Mcmahon

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Current solutions of coral restoration rely mainly on fragmentation. Though a reliable technique, this asexual form of reproduction does not benefit the genetic diversity of the coral reef. With many global and local stressors threatening corals’ existence, the resiliency of corals to future ocean conditions depends highly on sexual reproduction to produce new genotypes. New technology allows coral spawning/larval release, larval settlement and rearing to be carried out in an aquarium system. Many of the techniques necessary to maintain coral recruits are well-established, however the effects of light intensity remain to be studied for these early life stages. Newly …

Empirical Validation And Comparison Of The Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (Hycom) Between The Gulf Of Mexico And The Tongue Of The Ocean, Cynthia A. Cleveland

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Ocean models are increasingly able to synthesize a large temporal domain with fine spatial resolution. With this increase in functionality and availability, ocean models are in high demand by researchers, establishing a critical need for validating a model’s ability to represent interior ocean dynamics. Satellite measurements are typically used for validation, however these measurements are limited to the upper layers of the ocean and therefore satellite measurements of sea surface height and sea surface temperature are the most validated output parameters of three-dimensional ocean models. Unfortunately there is a paucity of model validation studies for the interior ocean. This study …

Assessment Of The Effects Of Climate Change On Evapotranspiration With An Improved Elasticity Method In A Nonhumid Area, Lei Tian, Jiming Jin, Pute Wu, Guo-Yue Niu

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Climatic elasticity is a crucial metric to assess the hydrological influence of climate change. Based on the Budyko equation, this study performed an analytical derivation of the climatic elasticity of evapotranspiration (ET). With this derived elasticity, it is possible to quantitatively separate the impacts of precipitation, air temperature, net radiation, relative humidity, and wind speed on ET in a watershed. This method was applied in the Wuding River Watershed (WRW), located in the center of the Yellow River Watershed of China. The estimated rate of change in ET caused by climatic variables is −10.69 mm/decade, which is close to the …

Quantifying The Impact Of Climate Change And Human Activities On Streamflow In A Semi-Arid Watershed With The Budyko Equation Incorporating Dynamic Vegetation Information, Lei Tian, Jiming Jin, Pute Wu, Guo-Yue Niu

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Understanding hydrological responses to climate change and land use and land cover change (LULCC) is important for water resource planning and management, especially for water-limited areas. The annual streamflow of the Wuding River Watershed (WRW), the largest sediment source of the Yellow River in China, has decreased significantly over the past 50 years at a rate of 5.2 mm/decade. Using the Budyko equation, this study investigated this decrease with the contributions from climate change and LULCC caused by human activities, which have intensified since 1999 due to China’s Grain for Green Project (GFGP). The Budyko parameter that represents watershed characteristics …

Improving The State Selectivity Of Field Ionization With Quantum Control, Vincent C. Gregoric, Jason Bennett, Bianca R. Gualtieri, Ankitha Kannad, Zhimin Cheryl Liu, Zoe A. Rowley, Thomas J. Carroll, Michael W. Noel

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The electron signals from the field ionization of two closely spaced Rydberg states of rubidium-85 are separated using quantum control. In selective field ionization, the state distribution of a collection of Rydberg atoms is measured by ionizing the atoms with a ramped electric field. Generally, atoms in higher energy states ionize at lower fields, so ionized electrons which are detected earlier in time can be correlated with higher energy Rydberg states. However, the resolution of this technique is limited by the Stark effect. As the electric field is increased, the electron encounters numerous avoided Stark level crossings which split the …

Lone Wolves And Copycats: Assessing Policy And Infrastructure For Flood Hazard And Floodplain Management, Samantha L. Hamlin

Dissertations and Theses

To mitigate flood hazard, which affects millions of people every year, increasing numbers of communities are developing green infrastructure policies to not only mitigate the hazard, but to meet other community policy objectives, as green infrastructure is often cited for the multiple benefits it confers. To support the implementation of policies that help communities meet their policy objectives, however, it is imperative to understand how policy is innovated and adopted. To do so, I applied the internal determinants and regional diffusion models, what I refer to as the lone wolf and copycat models. In policy, a lone wolf innovates a …

Characterizing Temperature Variability States Across Southern South America And Associated Synoptic-Scale Meteorological Patterns, Judah Adam Detzer

Dissertations and Theses

The aim of this thesis is to understand spatiotemporal temperature variability in southern South America by identifying overarching temperature variability states and their associated synoptic-scale meteorological patterns. Further, the temporal frequency of occurrence of those temperature variability states is investigated as is the role of recurrent low-frequency modes of climate variability (El Niño Southern Oscillation and the Southern Annular Mode) on temperature variability. K-means cluster analysis is used to group all months during the period 1980-2015 into four primary categories for summer and winter separately. Monthly maps of temperature anomalies are provided as input to the k-means algorithm and the …

Morphologic Mapping Of Lunar Impact Basins, Zachary R. Morse

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Modern high-resolution remote sensing datasets for the Moon provide a detailed view of the lunar surface and its features. This thesis uses visible, compositional, and topographic data to create the most detailed geomorphological maps to date of portions of three lunar impact structures: Orientale Basin, Tsiolkovsky Crater, and Schrödinger Basin, which are three of the best-preserved impact structures on the lunar farside.

This thesis discusses the mapping and analysis of seven distinct ejecta facies around Orientale, nine distinct facies in and around Tsiolkovsky, and twelve units of surface materials in the central Schrödinger Basin region. This analysis utilized 100 m/pixel …

Summertime Connecticut River Water Pathways And Wind Impacts, Yan Jia, Michael M. Whitney

Department of Marine Sciences

Long Island Sound is a large macrotidal estuary. Connecticut River as the primary freshwater source enters near the sound’s mouth. The summertime pathways of river water under low discharge and mild wind conditions are studied through both numerical simulations with a passive dye pulse and field surface drifter observations. Within the 19-day modeling analysis period, a third of the river dye pulse moves up-estuary with the near-bottom dense inflow into central and western sound with a spring-neap tidal modulation; another third leaves the sound with the near-surface outflow towards the continental shelf through Block Island Sound. The latter pathway is …

A Simple And Robust Approach To Reducing Contact Resistance In Organic Transistors, Zachary A. Lamport, Katrina J. Barth, Hyunsu Lee, Eliot Gann, Sebastian Engmann, Hu Chen, Martin Guthold, Iain Mcculloch, John E. Anthony, Lee J. Richter, Dean M. Delongchamp, Oana D. Jurchescu

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Efficient injection of charge carriers from the contacts into the semiconductor layer is crucial for achieving high-performance organic devices. The potential drop necessary to accomplish this process yields a resistance associated with the contacts, namely the contact resistance. A large contact resistance can limit the operation of devices and even lead to inaccuracies in the extraction of the device parameters. Here, we demonstrate a simple and efficient strategy for reducing the contact resistance in organic thin-film transistors by more than an order of magnitude by creating high work function domains at the surface of the injecting electrodes to promote channels …

Facepet: Enhancing Bystanders' Facial Privacy With Smart Wearables/Internet Of Things, Alfredo J. Perez, Sherali Zeadally, Luis Y. Matos Garcia, Jaouad A. Mouloud, Scott Griffith

Information Science Faculty Publications

Given the availability of cameras in mobile phones, drones and Internet-connected devices, facial privacy has become an area of major interest in the last few years, especially when photos are captured and can be used to identify bystanders’ faces who may have not given consent for these photos to be taken and be identified. Some solutions to protect facial privacy in photos currently exist. However, many of these solutions do not give a choice to bystanders because they rely on algorithms that de-identify photos or protocols to deactivate devices and systems not controlled by bystanders, thereby being dependent on the …

Extended Method For Several Dichotomous Covariates To Estimate The Instantaneous Risk Function Of The Aalen Additive Model, Luciane Teixeira Passos Giarola, Mario Javier Ferrua Vivanco, Marcelo Angelo Cirillo, Fortunato Silva Menezes

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The instantaneous risk function of Aalen’s model is estimated considering dichotomous covariates, using parametric accumulated risk functions to smooth cumulative risk of Aalen by grouping the individuals into sets named parcels. This methodology can be used for data with dichotomous covariates.