Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Reverse Mathematics Of Matroids, Jeffry L. Hirst, Carl Mummert

Carl Mummert

Matroids generalize the familiar notion of linear dependence from linear algebra. Following a brief discussion of founding work in computability and matroids, we use the techniques of reverse mathematics to determine the logical strength of some basis theorems for matroids and enumerated matroids. Next, using Weihrauch reducibility, we relate the basis results to combinatorial choice principles and statements about vector spaces. Finally, we formalize some of the Weihrauch reductions to extract related reverse mathematics results. In particular, we show that the existence of bases for vector spaces of bounded dimension is equivalent to the induction scheme for \Sigma^0_2 formulas.

Thermo-Mechanical Response Of Self-Assembled Nanoparticle Membranes, Yifan Wang, Henry Chan, Badri Narayanan, Sean P. Mcbride, Subramanian K.R.S. Sankaranarayanan, Xiao-Min Lin, Heinrich M. Jaeger

Dr. Sean P. McBride

Ultrathin membranes composed of metallic or semiconducting nanoparticles capped with short ligand molecules are hybrid materials that have attracted considerable research interest.^1-12 In contrast to two-dimensional (2D) membranes such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers, nanoparticle membranes can be engineered to achieve widely tunable mechanical, electronic or optical properties through different combinations of inorganic cores and organic ligands. In terms of mechanical properties, these membranes can form large area (tens of microns in diameter) freestanding structures with high Young’s moduli (~GPa) and fracture strength.^1,13-15 Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have indicated how this mechanical robustness can arise from …

Transmission And Guiding Of Fast Electrons Through Insulating Nanocapillaries And Comparison With Ion Guiding, Susanta Das

Susanta Das

Transmission and guiding of fast electrons (500 and 1000 eV) through an insulating polyethylene terephthalate nanocapillary foil has been investigated and compared with results for slow highly charged ions. As for slow ions, guiding is attributed to charge-up of the inner walls near the capillary entrance, which, after a characteristic time, electrostatically deflects the traversing ions causing them to be guided through the sample along the capillary axis. The measurements were performed at WMU. Electron guiding is found to decrease faster with both energy and foil tilt angle than for ions. Ions lose negligible energy during the course of guiding, …

Monte Carlo Simulations Of Electrothermal Transport In Nanoelectronics, T. J. Spence

Science Seminars

The field of microelectronics plays an important role in many areas of engineering and science, being ubiquitous in aerospace, industrial manufacturing, biotechnology, and many other fields. The capacity to simulate new devices accurately is critical to the engineering design process, as device engineers use simulations to predict performance characteristics and identify potential issues before fabrication. In this talk, a Monte Carlo technique is presented for solving the classical Boltzmann Transport Equation, Poisson’s and Schrödinger’s equations for electrons and phonons.

The Ghrelin Receptor And Its Appetite For Highly Potent Ghrelin Analogues, Tyler J. Lalonde

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The growth hormone secretagogue receptor-1a (GHS-R1a) is expressed in many human tissues, most notably the hypothalamus, and causes an increase in appetite upon activation by its endogenous ligand, ghrelin. GHS-R1a is differentially expressed in malignant compared to benign tumours. Therefore, there is an interest in developing GHS-R1a-targeted peptides as novel drugs to modulate signaling for diseases such as cancer cachexia and obesity and to image the receptor for disease diagnosis and following progression.

Chapter 2 discusses a fluorescently labelled ghrelin analogue for imaging GHS-R1a in ex vivo biopsy analysis and in vivo distribution studies. The analogue was created through side-chain …

Relaxation And Linear Programs On A Hybrid Control Model, Héctor Jasso-Fuentes, Jose-Luis Menaldi

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

Some optimality results for hybrid control problems are presented. The hybrid model under study consists of two subdynamics, one of a standard type governed by an ordinary differential equation, and the other of a special type having a discrete evolution. We focus on the case when the interaction between the subdynamics takes place only when the state of the system reaches a given fixed region of the state space. The controller is able to apply two controls, each applied to one of the two subdynamics, whereas the state follows a composite evolution, of continuous type and discrete type. By the …

Sge In The News, Alexandra Kirsch

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

No abstract provided.

Modeling Energy Dynamics With The Energy-Interaction Diagram, Benedikt Harrer, Cassandra Paul

Faculty Publications

Energy is an important crosscutting concept in all science disciplines, and energy conservation is widely regarded as one of the most important principles in physics.1–3 Over the years, numerous graphical representations have been proposed that allow learners of physics to visualize energy states and dynamics in a particular situation.3–7 Each diagram highlights different aspects of energy and therefore may represent different conceptualizations of energy. Bar charts,8 for example, foreground the idea of multiple categories of energy to account for the distribution of energy in a system across those energy types. Similarly, pie charts5 highlight relative distribution …

Molecular Modeling Studies On The Binding Mode Of The Pd-1/Pd-L1 Complex Inhibitors, Suliman Almahmoud, Haizhen A. Zhong

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint (ICP) overexpressed in various types of tumors; thus, it has been considered as an important target for cancer therapy. To determine important residues for ligand binding, we applied molecular docking studies to PD-1/PD-L1 complex inhibitors against the PD-L1 protein. Our data revealed that the residues Tyr56, Asp122, and Lys124 play critical roles in ligand binding to the PD-L1 protein and they could be used to design ligands that are active against the PD-1/PD-L1 complex. The formation of H-bonds with Arg125 of the PD-L1 protein …

Earthquake-Rotated Headstones As A Means Of Re-Evaluating Epicentral Location Of The 1944 Massena-Cornwall Earthquake: New York, United States And Ontario, Canada, Sandra L. Walser, Alexander K. Stewart

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Massena-Cornwall earthquake (September 5th, 1944) is the largest earthquake in New York state history. Two epicenters have been previously proposed (Milne, 1949; Dewey and Gordon, 1984); however, they are separated by 15 km, an error that could associate each proposed epicenter with two different local faults. Due to the lack of standardized seismic-array data, there is value in approaching this event using an unconventional data set. The methodology of MacDonald and Wentworth (1952) was executed through ArcMap 10.5.1 to yield an area most likely to contain the epicenter. One-hundred fifty-four earthquake-rotated headstones from 15 cemeteries within ~35 km of …

The Physical Significance Of Α For Electron Transport, Zachary Gibson

Physics Student Research

Charge transport in crystalline materials can be well understood through the use of Bloch functions, band theory, and extended state transport. Disordered materials do not allow the same luxury, and different methods have to be considered. It turns out that band structures still exist. Although extended state conduction can still occur, localized states within the band gap allow for alternative mechanisms of charge transport in disordered materials. Conduction can be understood through such models as hopping, multiple trapping, and percolation, but all of them can lead to a broad distribution of event times. For example, the hopping-time distribution proposed by …

A Method For Automatic Detection Of Tongued And Slurred Note Transitions In Clarinet Playing, Whitney L. Coyle, Jack D. Gabriel

Faculty Publications

This study offers a simple method to characterize two transition types in passages of music in order to automatically distinguish slurred transitions from tongued transitions in musical settings. Data were recorded from musicians playing a clarinet with a sensor-equipped mouthpiece measuring blowing pressure in the mouth and pressure in the mouthpiece. This method allows for comparing transitions in different musical contexts, playing regimes, and between players. The method is highly reliable in automatically detecting transition types in recorded clarinet playing in both simple and more complex passages.

Carving Plasmon Modes In Silver Sierpiński Fractals, Isobel C. Bicket, Edson P. Bellido, Danielle M. Mcrae, Francois Lagugne-Labarthet, Gianluigi A. Botton

Chemistry Publications

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) modes of the first three generations of a Sierpiński fractal triangle are investigated using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) complemented with finite difference time domain simulations. The Sierpiński fractal geometry is created in a subtractive manner, by carving triangular apertures into the triangular prism of the previous fractal generation. The ability of the fractal antenna to efficiently utilize space in coupling to long wavelength excitations is confirmed on the single nanostructure level via redshifting of the primary dipole mode as the fractal generation is increased. Through application of the Babinet principle, it is demonstrated that …

Economic And Livestock Health Impacts Of Birds On Dairies: Evidence From A Survey Of Washington Dairy Operators, Julie L. Elser, Amber L. Adams Progar, Karen M.M. Steensma, Tyler P. Caskin, Susan R. Kerr, Stephanie A. Shwiff

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The survey described in this research paper aimed to investigate the economic and health impacts of birds on dairies. Birds are common pests on dairies, consuming and contaminating feed intended for cattle. As a result, dairy operators experience increased feed costs and increased pathogen and disease risk. We surveyed dairy operators attending the 2017 Washington Dairy Conference to examine the impact of birds on dairies in Washington State. Dairy operators reported feed losses valued at $55 per cow resulting in annual losses totaling $5.5 million in the Western region of the state and $9.2 million in the Eastern region of …

Orientation Of Paleostress Of Raplee Ridge Anticline, Loren Randall Holyoak, John S. Maclean

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

During the Laramide Orogeny several major folds were formed in Southern Utah, one of those being the Raplee Ridge anticline. Raplee Ridge is approximately eight miles from Mexican Hat, Utah. The San Juan River cuts through the anticline, exposing the Honaker Trail Formation’s beds of shale and limestone with chert nodules. Accompanying the mountain-scale ductile deformation of the Raplee Ridge anticline are decimeter-scale brittle conjugate fractures in the limestone’s chert nodules. The objective of this study is to compare the orientation of paleostress that formed the Raplee Ridge anticline with the conjugate fractures within the chert nodules to see if …

Before College Math, Roxane Elena Ronca

A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs

Most math books for college students start out reviewing “rules” in an introductory chapter. The review usually goes like this: here are the “rules”, here are some examples of using those “rules” and here are 10 to 100 exercises where you will practice using those “rules” and then you’ll be tested on them.

The problem with that approach, even if it seems familiar and comfortable to you, is that people learn, in part, by connecting new ideas and perspectives to what they already understand, and correcting any previous misunderstandings. This process takes time and effort. Memorizing rules to quickly retrieve …

Fast Equilibration Dynamics Of Viscous Particle-Laden Flow In An Inclined Channel, Jeffrey Wong, Michael R. Lindstrom, Andrea L. Bertozzi

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

A viscous suspension of negatively buoyant particles released into a wide, open channel on an incline will stratify in the normal direction as it flows. We model the early dynamics of this stratification under the effects of sedimentation and shear-induced migration. Prior work focuses on the behaviour after equilibration where the bulk suspension either separates into two distinct fronts (settled) or forms a single, particle-laden front (ridged), depending on whether the initial concentration of particles exceeds a critical threshold. From past experiments, it is also clear that this equilibration time scale grows considerably near the critical concentration. This paper models …

Measuring Circuit Splits: A Cautionary Note, Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl

Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl

A number of researchers have recently published new measures of the Supreme Court’s behavior in resolving conflicts in the lower courts. These new measures represent an improvement over prior, cruder approaches, but it turns out that measuring the Court’s resolutions of conflicts is surprisingly difficult. The aim of this methodological comment is to describe those difficulties and to establish several conclusions that follow from them. First, the new measures of the Court’s behavior are certainly imprecise and may reflect biased samples. Second, using the Supreme Court Database, which some studies rely on to assemble a dataset of cases resolving conflicts, …

A Programming Model For Internetworked Things, Hao Jiang

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The Internet of Things (IoT) emerges as a system paradigm that encompasses a wide spectrum of technologies and protocols related to Internetworking, services computing, and device connectivity. The main objective is to achieve an environment whereby physical devices and everyday objects can communicate and interact with each other over the Internet. The Internet of Things is heralded as the next generation Internet, and introduces significant opportunities for novel applications in many different domains. What is missing right now is a programming model whereby developers as well as end-users can specify any addressable resource at a higher level of abstraction, and …

Barite Replacement Boxwork In The Frasassi Caves (Italy), Sandro Galdenzi

International Journal of Speleology

The Frasassi caves, located in the Sentino River Gorge in Ancona Province (Marche, Italy), contains boxwork in a small zone in the inner part of the cave system where it is closely associated with subaqueous corrosion produced by sulfuric acid speleogenesis. The boxwork consists of barite that replaces calcite spar-filled veins and limestone porosity and projects from the corroded cave walls. The replacement involved only the calcite that protrudes from the rock surfaces, indicating that the process took place in the cave environment, and therefore the boxwork is not simply a product of differential corrosion. I hypothesize that the boxwork …

Petrography And Provenance Of Floor Sediments From The Loutra Almopias Cave (Pella, Macedonia, Greece), Ioannis Georgiadis, Katerina Chatzopoulou, Nikolaos Kantiranis, Ioakeim Ioakeimidis, Ananias Tsirambides

International Journal of Speleology

Thirty seven floor sediment samples of Upper Pleistocene age from the Loutra Almopias Cave were collected from different beds and stratigraphic columns on the basis of their induration grade, grain distribution, and paleontological findings. Channel facies make up the bulk of the clastic sediments found in the cave passages. Slackwater facies compose the final layer of all the stratigraphic sections of the examined cave. The floor sediments are mineralogically immature, since they contain many ferromagnesian minerals, feldspars (especially plagioclase) and quartz. The extensive presence of silicate minerals means that the phyllites, gneisses, schists, ophiolitic rocks and the clastic Mariam Formation …

Zero-Net Emissions By 2050: Climate Realities And Challenges, Karl Hausker

Sustainability Research & Practice Seminar Presentations

No abstract provided.

Method For Approximating Field-Line Curves Using Ionospheric Observations Of Energy-Variable Electron Beams Launched From Satellites, Jake M. Willard, Jay R. Johnson, Jesse M. Snelling, Andrew T. Powis, Igor D, Kaganovich, Ennio R. Sanchez

Faculty Publications

Using electron beam accelerators attached to satellites in Earth orbit, it may be possible to measure arc length and curvature of field-lines in the inner magnetosphere if the accelerator is designed with the capability to vary the beam energy. In combination with additional information, these measurements would be very useful in modeling the magnetic field of the inner magnetosphere. For this purpose, a three step data assimilation modeling approach is discussed. The first step in the procedure would be to use prior information to obtain an initial forecast of the inner magnetosphere. Then, a family of curves would be defined …

Dealing With Hurricanes: Coastal Community Adaptation To Socioeconomic And Environmental Pressures In Yaguajay, Central Cuba, Victoria Ramenzoni

Sustainability Seminar Series

Hurricanes can cause extensive long-term damage to small-scale fisheries. Yet, information is scarce on how these communities are impacted by extreme events in the Caribbean as in other parts of the world. Focusing on an artisanal fishery in Yaguajay, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, this presentation discusses how local fishermen have perceived and responded to the different damages brought about by Hurricane Irma in September 2017 and inundations associated with Storm Alberto in May 2018. Combining discussions and short interviews carried out pre and post-hurricane, this study identifies major environmental impacts and matching responses. In addition, the article sheds light on the …

Ni And Fe Isotope Fractionation During Weathering And The Formation Of Ni Laterite Ore Deposits In The Philippines, Congxi Zhu

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Weathering processes on Ni-rich ultramafic rocks in tropical areas produce laterites that become exploitable for Ni mining. To better understand these processes, samples were collected stratigraphically with water samples from several Ni mines in the Philippines and studied for Ni and Fe isotope compositions. This study found that Ni isotope fractionation takes place during the formation of Ni-enriched minerals (goethite), when light Ni isotopes are preferentially incorporated into new minerals formed, leaving heavy Ni isotopes in groundwater. The Δ⁶⁰Ni_{Limonite-Bedrock} is up to -0.19 ± 0.32‰. Even though Fe is partitioned with redox state change during these reactions, …

Synthesis Of Functionalized Tetrahydropyridines By Sncl4-Mediated [4+2] Cycloaddition Between Donor–Acceptor Cyclobutanes And Nitriles, David Tong, Jackie Wu, Nathan Bazinski, Donghyun Koo, Naresh Vemula, Brian Pagenkopf

Chemistry Publications

Cycloadditions of strained carbocycles promoted by Lewis acids are powerful methods to construct heterocyclic frameworks. In fact, the formal [3+2] cycloadditions of donor-acceptor (DA) cyclopropanes with nitriles has seen particular success in synthesis. In this work, we report on the first [4+2] cycloaddition of nitriles with DA cyclobutanes via Lewis acid activation. Tetrahydropyridine derivatives were obtained in up to 91% yield from various aryl activated cyclobutane diesters and aliphatic or aromatic nitriles.

Double-Crested Cormorant Colony Effects On Soil Chemistry, Vegetation Structure And Avian Diversity, Leah Moran Veum, Brian S. Dorr, Katie C. Hanson-Dorr, R.J. Moore, Scott A. Rush

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Effects of Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) on vegetation, soil chemistry and tree health have been documented from their breeding colonies in the northern breeding grounds of Canada and the United States (U.S.) but not for areas within the southeastern United States where breeding activity is relatively novel. We compared vegetation and tree metrics such as structure diversity, and soil chemistry among colony islands, uninhabited islands, and abandoned colony islands within Guntersville Reservoir, a temperate forest ecosystem. Avian diversity and community structure were also quantified on these islands. Concentrations of potassium (K), phosphorus (P) and nitrate (NO3 −) in soil were …

Laying A Foundation For Computing In Outdoor Recreation, Zann Benjamin Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Mobile computing allows individuals to bring computing with them into the outdoors. This creates a new situation in which individuals can stay connected even when trying to "get away from it all." Questions arise from this juxtaposition regarding whether the inclusion of computing in these activities is a positive or a negative. Evidence exists supporting both conclusions. We posit that computing can contribute positively to outdoor recreation without distracting. This dissertation details work undertaken in two phases which explores how computing can accomplish this goal. Phase 1 explored how individuals are already using computing technology in hiking, and culminated with …

Genesis Of Iron And Manganese Sediments In Zoloushka Cave (Ukraine/Moldova) As Revealed By Δ13C Organic Carbon, Piotr Kotula, Viacheslav Andreychouk, Jacek Pawlyta, Leszek Marynowski, Izabela Jendrzejewska

International Journal of Speleology

Zoloushka Cave is one of the largest maze gypsum caves in the world. Mining of the gypsum bedrock and lowering of the water level due to the pumping of groundwater led to exposure of the cave passages to vadose conditions and changed the hydrochemistry of the karst water. As a result, large quantities of Fe and Mn hydroxides were deposited in the passages. It was found that at least two groups of various organisms were involved in depositing ferrous and manganese sediments. In order to establish the mechanism of deposition, we conducted chemical analyses of the sediments and isotopic analyses …

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