Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Unitarity Of The Infinite-Volume Three-Particle Scattering Amplitude Arising From A Finite-Volume Formalism, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Stephen R. Sharpe, Adam P. Szczepaniak

Physics Faculty Publications

Hansen and Sharpe [Phys. Rev. D 92, 114509 (2015)] derived a relation between the scattering amplitude of three identical bosons,M₃, and a real function referred to as the divergence-free K matrix and denoted K_df;3. The result arose in the context of a relation between finite-volume energies and K_df;3, derived to all orders in the perturbative expansion of a generic low-energy effective field theory. In this work we set aside the role of the finite volume and focus on the infinite-volume relation between K_df;3 and M₃. We show that, for any …

The Livable Urban Landscape: Gis And Remote Sensing Extracted Land Use Assessment For Urban Livability In Changchun Proper, China, Bo Fu, Danlin Yu, Yaojun Zhang

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Despite the popularity of the term urban livability, it is often used by different groups under different circumstances. A broader understanding of urban livability is that it concerns the quality of life in any human living environment. The World Health Organization, among many others, suggests a four-dimension assessment system based on the concepts of convenience, amenity, health and safety that can be used to evaluate any cities’ potential livability. Following this proposal, the current study taps into the power of GIS and Remote Sensing technologies to generate a set of urban livability evaluating indicators via extracted land use information. Using …

A Geomorphic Enthalpy Method: Description And Application To The Evolution Of Fluvial-Deltas Under Sea-Level Cycles, William Anderson, Jorge Lorenzo Trueba, Vaughan Voller

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Fluvial deltas are composites of two primary sedimentary environments: a depositional fluvial region and an offshore region. The fluvial region is defined by two geomorphic moving boundaries: an alluvial-bedrock transition (ABT), which separates the sediment prism from the non-erodible bedrock basement, and the shoreline (SH), where the delta meets the ocean. The trajectories of these boundaries in time and space define the evolution of the shape of the sedimentary prism, and are often used as stratigraphic indicators, particularly in seismic studies, of changes in relative sea level and the identification of stratigraphic sequences. In order to better understand the relative …

Public Access For Pheasant Hunters: Understanding An Emerging Need, Lyndsie S. Wszola, Anastasia E. Madsen, Erica F. Stuber, Christopher J. Chizinski, Jeffrey J. Lusk, J. Scott Taylor, Kevin L. Pope, Joseph J. Fontaine

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Ring‐necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus; i.e., pheasant) hunting participation is declining across North America, reflecting a larger downward trend in American hunting participation and threatening benefits to grassland conservation and rural economies. To stabilize and expand the pheasant hunting population, we must first identify factors that influence pheasant hunter participation. We used an extensive in‐person hunter survey to test the hypothesis that hunter demographics interact with social‐ecological traits of hunting locations to affect hunter decisions, outcomes, and perceptions. We built a series of Bayesian mixed effects models to parse variation in demographics, perceptions, and hunt outcomes of pheasant hunters interviewed at …

Integrated Imaging: A Powerful But Undervalued Tool, Irina Filina, Ed K. Biegert, Luise Sander, Victoria Tschirhart, Neda Bundalo, Cara Schiek-Stewart

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Following the 2018 SEG Annual Meeting, the Gravity and Magnetics Committee held a postconvention workshop titled “Integrated Imaging.” The half-day workshop attracted nearly 50 participants from various backgrounds. Three primary objectives of the workshop were to explore the nonseismic toolbox, highlight real examples of integrated projects that benefited (or did not benefit) from nonseismic data, and provide geoscientists from all backgrounds a learning opportunity to see how they might optimize the value of their imaging projects via integration with relatively low-cost nonseismic methods. The workshop had a highly interactive format that differed from traditional presentation-based settings. After eight brief case …

Gwtc-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog Of Compact Binary Mergers Observed By Ligo And Virgo During The First And Second Observing Runs, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1 Ma™ during the first and second observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the first observing run (O1), from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November 30, 2016 to August 25, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, …

Search For Intermediate Mass Black Hole Binaries In The First And Second Observing Runs Of The Advanced Ligo And Virgo Network, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Gravitational-wave astronomy has been firmly established with the detection of gravitational waves from the merger of ten stellar-mass binary black holes and a neutron star binary. This paper reports on the all-sky search for gravitational waves from intermediate mass black hole binaries in the first and second observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Virgo network. The search uses three independent algorithms: two based on matched filtering of the data with waveform templates of gravitational-wave signals from compact binaries, and a third, model-independent algorithm that employs no signal model for the incoming signal. No intermediate mass black hole binary event …

A Dynamical (E,2e) Investigation Into The Ionization Of The Outermost Orbitals Of R-Carvone, D. B. Jones, E. Ali, C. G. Ning, F. Ferreira Da Silva, O. Ingolfsson, M. C. A. Lopes, H. S. Chakraborty, Don H. Madison, M. J. Brunger

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We report an experimental and theoretical investigation into the dynamics of electron-impact ionization of R-carvone. Experimental triple differential cross sections are obtained in asymmetric coplanar kinematic conditions for the ionization of the unresolved combination of the three outermost molecular orbitals (41a-39a) of R-carvone. These cross sections are compared with theoretical cross sections calculated within a molecular 3-body distorted wave (M3DW) framework employing either a proper orientation average or orbital average to account for the random orientation of the molecule probed in the experiment. Here, we observe that the overall scattering behavior observed in the experiment is fairly well reproduced within …

Unconventional Josephson Junctions With Topological Kondo Insulator Weak Links, Xuecheng Ye, Jacob Cook, Erik D. Huemiller, Aaron D. K. Finck, P. K. Ghaemi, Thomas Vojta, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Proximity-induced superconductivity in three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators forms a new quantum phase of matter and accommodates exotic quasiparticles such as Majorana bound states. One of the biggest drawbacks of the commonly studied 3D topological insulators is the presence of conducting bulk that obscures both surface states and low energy bound states. Introducing superconductivity in topological Kondo insulators such as SmB6, however, is promising due to their true insulating bulk at low temperatures. In this work, we develop an unconventional Josephson junction by coupling superconducting Nb leads to the surface states of a SmB6 crystal. We observe a robust critical current …

Directional Limits On Persistent Gravitational Waves Using Data From Advanced Ligo's First Two Observing Runs, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at F_α,Θ < (0.05-25) x 10⁻⁸ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹ Hz⁻¹ and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at Ω_α(Θ) < (0.19-2.89) x 10⁻⁸ sr⁻¹ where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of …

Erratum: Searches For Gravitational Waves From Known Pulsars At Two Harmonics In 2015-2017 Ligo Data (Astrophysical Journal (2019) 879 (10) Doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/Ab20cb), B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Due to an error at the publisher, in the published article the number of pulsars presented in the paper is incorrect in multiple places throughout the text. Specifically, "222" pulsars should be "221." Additionally, the number of pulsars for which we have EM observations that fully overlap with O1 and O2 changes from "168" to "167." Elsewhere, in the machine-readable table of Table 1 and in Table 2, the row corresponding to pulsar J0952-0607 should be excised as well. Finally, in the caption for Table 2 the number of pulsars changes from "188" to "187." IOP Publishing sincerely regrets this …

Development Of Probabilistic Cardinal Models, Oliver Serang

University Grant Program Reports

Cardinal models solve problems of the form Y=X_1+X_2+...+X_n, where we have discrete distributions on each random variable. The objective was to improve the usability and performance of Evergreen, an engine for solving cardinal models and to create cardinal models using them.

United States Midwest Soil And Weather Conditions Influence Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen, Jason D. Clark, Kristen S. Veum, Fabian G. Fernandez, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, David W. Franzen, Daniel E. Kaiser, Newell R. Kitchen, Carrie A.M. Laboski, Emerson D. Nafziger, John E. Sawyer, John F. Shanahan

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Nitrogen provided to crops through mineralization is an important factor in N management guidelines. Understanding of the interactive effects of soil and weather conditions on N mineralization needs to be improved. Relationships between anaerobic potentially mineralizable N (PMN_an) and soil and weather conditions were evaluated under the contrasting climates of eight US Midwestern states. Soil was sampled (0–30 cm) for PMN_an analysis before pre-plant N application (PP_0N) and at the V5 development stage from the pre-plant 0 (V5_0N) and 180 kg N ha⁻¹ (V5_180N) rates and incubated for 7, 14, …

Promoting Change In Common Tern (Sterna Hirundo) Nest Site Selection To Minimize Construction Related Disturbance., Peter C. Mcgowan, Jeffery D. Sullivan, Carl R. Callahan, William Schultz, Jennifer L. Wall, Diann J. Prosser

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Due to the many challenges facing waterbird populations (Jia et al. 2018, Wetlands International 2018), it has become common practice to limit disturbance to breeding colonies whenever possible to maximize reproductive success. While this may require often unpopular management techniques including beach closures (Jorgensen et al. 2015, Mayo et al. 2015) and predator removal (Neuman et al. 2004, Stocking et al. 2017), such actions are sometimes necessary for the success of the colony. However, there are instances when eliminating disturbance is not possible and birds must be attracted to a new site. A common method for attracting waterbirds to a …

Estimating Distributed Representation Performance In Disaster-Related Social Media Classification, Pallavi Jain, Robert J. Ross, Bianca Schoen-Phelan

Conference papers

This paper examines the effectiveness of a range of pre-trained language representations in order to determine the informativeness and information type of social media in the event of natural or man-made disasters. Within the context of disaster tweet analysis, we aim to accurately analyse tweets while minimising both false positive and false negatives in the automated information analysis. The investigation is performed across a number of well known disaster-related twitter datasets. Models that are built from pre-trained word embeddings from Word2Vec, GloVe, ELMo and BERT are used for performance evaluation. Given the relative ubiquity of BERT as a standout language …

Edgesense: Edge-Mediated Spatial-Temporal Crowdsensing, Sijia Yang, Jiang Bian, Licheng Wang, Haojin Zhu, Yanjie Fu, Haoyi Xiong

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Edge computing recently is increasingly popular due to the growth of data size and the need of sensing with the reduced center. Based on Edge computing architecture, we propose a novel crowdsensing framework called Edge-Mediated Spatial-Temporal Crowdsensing. This algorithm targets on receiving the environment information such as air pollution, temperature, and traffic flow in some parts of the goal area, and does not aggregate sensor data with its location information. Specifically, EdgeSense works on top of a secured peer-To-peer network consisted of participants and propose a novel Decentralized Spatial-Temporal Crowdsensing framework based on Parallelized Stochastic Gradient Descent. To approximate the …

Revisiting Singlino Dark Matter Of The Natural Z 3-Symmetric Nmssm In The Light Of Lhc, Waleed Abdallah, Arindam Chatterjee, Asesh Krishna Datta

Journal Articles

Inspired by the fact that relatively small values of the effective higgsino mass parameter of the Z3-symmetric Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) could render the scenario ‘natural’, we explore the plausibility of having relatively light neutralinos and charginos (the electroweakinos or the ewinos) in such a scenario with a rather light singlino-like Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (LSP), which is a Dark Matter (DM) candidate, and singlet-dominated scalar excitations. By first confirming the indications in the existing literature that finding simultaneous compliance with results from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and those from various DM experiments with such light states is, in …

Proxy Carbon Life Cycle Cost Calculator Tool V2.0, Alexander R. Barron, Breanna J. Parker, Susan Stratton Sayre

Year on Climate Change: Other Materials

The Smith College Proxy Carbon Life Cycle Cost Calculator is a tool designed to include climate impacts in the evaluation of present and future costs of projects on campus. At the request of the Study Group on Climate Change, this Excel tool was developed as part of the implementation of a proxy carbon price at Smith College.

Spreadsheet calculator to support proxy carbon pricing based on life cycle cost analyses. The tool targets small institutions.

American Bittern (Botaurus Lentiginosus), Jennifer Smetzer, Toni Lyn Morelli

Second Century Stewardship Refugia Products

No abstract provided.

Adapting Realtime Physics For Distance Learning With The Iolab, Erik Bodegom, Erik Jensen, David Sokoloff

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The IOLab is a versatile and inexpensive data acquisition device in a cart that can roll on its three wheels. It has numerous sensors for a variety of physical quantities. We adapted RealTime Physics, Module 1: Mechanics active learning labs for use with the IOLab. We tested these labs both on campus and with distance learners at Portland State University and Chemeketa Community College for three years, consistently obtaining significant conceptual learning gains on the Force and Motion Conceptual Evaluation (FMCE). Student attitudes towards the labs, the device, and distance learning—as measured by post-course evaluations—were generally very positive.

Predicting The Hardness Of Turf Surfaces From A Soil Moisture Sensor Using Iot Technologies, Ann Marie Mckeon

Other

In horseracing, “the going” is a term to describe the racetrack ground conditions. In Ireland presently, a groundskeeper or course clerk walks the racecourse poking it with a blackthorn stick, assesses conditions, and declares the going – it is a subjective measurement.

This thesis will propose using remote low-cost soil moisture sensors to gather high frequency data about the soil water content in the ground and to enable informed decisions to be made. This will remove the subjective element from the ground hardness, and look at the data in an objective way.

The soil moisture sensor will systematically collect high …

Exciton Polaritons In Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides, Jie Gu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Strong interaction between photons and excitons in semiconductors results in the formation of half-light half-matter quasiparticles termed exciton-polaritons. Owing to their hybrid character, they inherit the strong interparticle interaction from their excitonic (matter) component via Coulomb interaction while the photonic component lends the small mass (~10⁵ times lighter than free electrons) and long propagation distances. Additionally, exciton-polaritons also carry properties of the host material excitons such as spin and valley polarization and can be probed via the photons that leak out of the cavities since the photon carries all the information owing to conservation laws. Since the first demonstration …

Measurement And Characterization Of Infrasound From A Tornado Producing Storm, Brian R. Elbing, Christopher E. Petrin, Matthew Van Den Broeke

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

A hail-producing supercell on 11 May 2017 produced a small tornado near Perkins, Oklahoma (35.97, –97.04) at 2013 UTC. Two infrasound microphones with a 59-m separation and a regional Doppler radar station were located 18.7 and 70 km from the tornado, respectively. Elevated infrasound levels were observed starting 7min before the verified tornado. Infrasound data below ~5Hz was contaminated with wind noise, but in the 5–50 Hz band the infrasound was independent of wind speed with a bearing angle that was consistent with the movement of the storm core that produced the tornado. During the tornado, a 75 dB peak …

Optical And Collective Properties Of Excitons In 2d Semiconductors, Matthew N. Brunetti

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

We study the properties of excitons in 2D semiconductors (2DSC) by numerically solving the Schr\"{o}dinger equation for an interacting electron and hole in the effective mass approximation, then calculating optical properties such as the transition energies, oscillator strengths, and absorption coefficients. Our theoretical approach allows us to consider both direct excitons in monolayer (ML) 2DSC and spatially indirect excitons in heterostructures (HS) consisting of two 2DSC MLs separated by few-layer insulating hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). In particular, we study indirect excitons in TMDC HS, namely MoS₂, MoSe₂, WS₂, and WSe₂; …

Using Vibrations From A Smartring As An Out-Of-Band Channel For Sharing Secret Keys, Sougata Sen, Varun Mishra, David Kotz

Dartmouth Scholarship

With the rapid growth in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices with wireless communication capabilities, and sensitive information collection capabilities, it is becoming increasingly necessary to ensure that these devices communicate securely with only authorized devices. A major requirement of this secure communication is to ensure that both the devices share a secret, which can be used for secure pairing and encrypted communication. Manually imparting this secret to these devices becomes an unnecessary overhead, especially when the device interaction is transient. In this work, we empirically investigate the possibility of using an out-of-band communication channel – vibration, generated …

Social Vulnerability To Large Wildfires In The Western Usa, Palaiologos Palaiologou, Alan A. Ager, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Cody Evers, Michelle A. Day

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Federal land managers in the US can be informed with quantitative assessments of the social conditions of the populations affected by wildfires originating on their administered lands in order to incorporate and adapt their management strategy to achieve a more targeted prioritization of community wildfire protection investments. In addition, these assessments are valuable to socially vulnerable communities for quantifying their exposure to wildfires originating on adjacent land tenures. We assessed fire transmission patterns using fire behavior simulations to understand spatial variations across three diverse study areas (North-central Washington; Central California; and Northern New Mexico) to understand how different land tenures …

Printing 3d Models For Chemistry: A Step-By-Step Open-Source Guide For Hobbyists, Corporate Professionals, And Educators And Students In K-12 And Higher Education, Elisabeth Grace Billman-Benveniste, Jacob Franz, Loredana Valenzano-Slough

Open Access Books

3D-printing is a relatively inexpensive additive manufacturing method used to create tangible objects. As a relatively new technology, the true capability of 3D-printing has not yet been fully exploited, especially in academic and research/teaching settings. Through this work, 3D-printing in a classroom and research environment is employed as a tool for creation of fully customizable, three-dimensional molecular models and for the visualization of theoretical abstract concepts.

Zhvillimi Dhe Krahasimi I Teknologjive Të Front-End: Javascript Vanilla Dhe Angular 2+, Alb Imeri

Theses and Dissertations

Përderisa në fillimin e përdorimit të ueb aplikacioneve bizneset ishin tejet mase të limituara se çfarë mund të paraqitnin në ueb faqen e tyre, tanimë ai është problemi më i vogël. Gjatë njëzet viteve të fundit ueb aplikacionet kanë marrë pothuajse rritje eksponenciale për nga përdorimi. Me rritjen e hovshme të përdorimit të ueb aplikacioneve është rritur edhe nevoja për ueb aplikacione gjithnjë e më të përsosura. Kur bie fjala te përsosmëria këtu ka plot elemente që duhet marrë parasysh, por sidoqoftë disa prej tyre janë më të rëndësishme.

Gjatë këtij punimi do t’i analizojmë faktorët që më së shumti …

Masat Emergjente Pas Hakimit, Allen Pajaziti

Theses and Dissertations

Në ditët e sotme kemi dëshmi që zhvillimi i teknologjisë ështe në rritje të hovshme dhe përderisa ne korrim benefite jashtëzakonisht të mëdhaja ne duhet të parashtrojmë pyetjën se a kemi masa mbrojtëse të mjaftueshme që mos të kompromitohen integriteti, konfidencialiteti dhe disponushmëria e të dhënave tona, si dhe masat emergjente të cilat duhet të ndërmarrë një individ, ose një kompani në teresi për të parandaluar dëme të medha nga një sulm kibernetik. Njëra nga pikat kyçe që zgjuan interesin tim rreth shtjellimit të kësaj teme.

Krahasimi Cms Për Tregti Elektronike, Arbias Menxhiqi

Theses and Dissertations

Fillimi i zhvillimit të një dyqani elektronike ka sfida të shumta por, përcaktimi për platformën e duhur është njëra ndër sfidat më të mëdha. Në ditët e sotme ekzistojnë mundësi të shumta të platformave të gatshme, ndërsa ne në ketë punim diplome jemi përcaktuar për krahasimin e Magentos dhe WooCommerce-it.

Për krahasimin e këtyre dy platformave kemi vendos që të përcaktohemi në disa atribute që ne mendojmë që duhet ti i kushtohet rëndësi në fillimin e çdo dyqani elektronikë. Atributet që kemi përzgjedh janë buxheti, lehtësia e përdorimit, metodat e pagesave që ofrojnë platformat dhe përkrahja për rritjen e dyqanit …