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Articles 1321 - 1350 of 27883
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A Novel Parabolic Model Of Instructional Efficiency Grounded On Ideal Mental Workload And Performance, Luca Longo, Murali Rajendran
A Novel Parabolic Model Of Instructional Efficiency Grounded On Ideal Mental Workload And Performance, Luca Longo, Murali Rajendran
Articles
Instructional efficiency within education is a measurable concept and models have been proposed to assess it. The main assumption behind these models is that efficiency is the capacity to achieve established goals at the minimal expense of resources. This article challenges this assumption by contributing to the body of Knowledge with a novel model that is grounded on ideal mental workload and performance, namely the parabolic model of instructional efficiency. A comparative empirical investigation has been constructed to demonstrate the potential of this model for instructional design evaluation. Evidence demonstrated that this model achieved a good concurrent validity with the …
Primordial Black Holes From A Cosmic Phase Transition: The Collapse Of Fermi-Balls, Kiyoharu Kawana, Ke-Pan Xie
Primordial Black Holes From A Cosmic Phase Transition: The Collapse Of Fermi-Balls, Kiyoharu Kawana, Ke-Pan Xie
Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications
We propose a novel primordial black hole (PBH) formation mechanism based on a first-order phase transition (FOPT). If a fermion species gains a huge mass in the true vacuum, the corresponding particles get trapped in the false vacuum as they do not have sufficient energy to penetrate the bubble wall. After the FOPT, the fermions are compressed into the false vacuum remnants to form non-topological solitons called Fermi-balls, and then collapse to PBHs due to the Yukawa attractive force. We derive the PBH mass and abundance, showing that for a [](GeV)FOPT the PBHs could be ∼1017 g and explain …
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Atlantic Richfield Response To Approval Letter For The Final Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou), 2022 Draft Interim Site-Wide Groundwater Monitoring, Quality Assurance Project Plan (Qapp) (Dated November 23, 2021), Atlantic Richfield Company
Atlantic Richfield Response To Approval Letter For The Final Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou), 2022 Draft Interim Site-Wide Groundwater Monitoring, Quality Assurance Project Plan (Qapp) (Dated November 23, 2021), Atlantic Richfield Company
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Butte Reduction Works (Brw) Smelter Area Mine Waste Remediation And Contaminated Groundwater Hydraulic Control Site Quality Assurance Project Plan For Microbial Analysis And Biotreatability Study, Josh Bryson
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Epa Region 8 Qa Document Review Crosswalk, Nikia Greene
Epa Region 8 Qa Document Review Crosswalk, Nikia Greene
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Silver Bow Creek Butte Area Npl Site 2022 Draft Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Interim Site-Wide Groundwater Monitoring Qapp. Consent Decree- Civil Action No. Cv 89-039-Bu-She, Josh Bryson
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Interferometric Lithography- An Approach To Large Area And Cost Effective Nanopatterning, Vineeth Sasidharan
Interferometric Lithography- An Approach To Large Area And Cost Effective Nanopatterning, Vineeth Sasidharan
Optical Science and Engineering ETDs
In this dissertation interferometric lithography is approached in two different ways to address two important constraints of nanopatterning. One approach solves the problem of scaling up interferometric lithography to wafer scale (4 inch or larger) area. Through the second approach we have developed a nanopatterning technique based on interferometric lithography by using an inexpensive (~$100) diode laser as source, making interferometric lithography a very cost-effective technique.
Wafer-scale large-area nanopatterning was developed using an amplitude grating mask as a grating beam splitter along with spatial averaging of laser intensity by wobbling. The longitudinal and transverse coherence issues both are eased by …
Designing Environmentally Responsible And Highly Effective Bioorthogonally Functionalized Chiral Mri Contrast Agents, Karley Breann Maier
Designing Environmentally Responsible And Highly Effective Bioorthogonally Functionalized Chiral Mri Contrast Agents, Karley Breann Maier
Dissertations and Theses
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revolutionized diagnostic imaging and modernized the characterization of numerous diseases. The clinical success of MRI is in large part due to the employment of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). Due to sensitivity limitations, GBCAs are indicated at markedly high dosages (~1 g Gd3+ per exam). The routine use of such large quantities of gadolinium poses significant health and environmental risks. There are growing concerns over the effects of dechelation of the metal in vivo and the possible effect of resulting gadolinium deposition. Concurrently, there is a rising awareness of gadolinium anomalies borne by GBCAs which undergo …
Exploring Improvements To The Convergence Of Reconstructing Historical Destructive Earthquakes, Kameron Lightheart
Exploring Improvements To The Convergence Of Reconstructing Historical Destructive Earthquakes, Kameron Lightheart
Theses and Dissertations
Determining risk to human populations due to natural disasters has been a topic of interest in the STEM fields for centuries. Earthquakes and the tsunamis they cause are of particular interest due to their repetition cycles. These cycles can last hundreds of years but we have only had modern measuring instruments for the last century or so which makes analysis difficult. In this document, we explore ways to improve upon an existing method for reconstructing earthquakes from historical accounts of tsunamis. This method was designed and implemented by Jared P Whitehead's research group over the last 5 years. The issue …
Modeling User Relationships In Online Communities Of Creators, Berkeley Andrus
Modeling User Relationships In Online Communities Of Creators, Berkeley Andrus
Theses and Dissertations
Those who study creativity, especially from a computational perspective, have long understood the role of social influence in the creative process. This has motivated many efforts to simulate social mechanics in artificial creative systems. However, these simulations have often replicated generic or assumed human behaviors rather than specific anthropological data. In this work we take a more focused approach by quantitatively measuring interactions between creators in online social communities and replicating observed phenomena in a simulated environment. The primary contributions of this thesis are 1) defining quantitative metrics for comparing human and simulated social networks of creators, 2) providing social …
Synthesis And Styrene Copolymerization Of Octyl 2-Cyano-3-(R-Phenyl)-2-Propenoates, Martin S. Wasilewski
Synthesis And Styrene Copolymerization Of Octyl 2-Cyano-3-(R-Phenyl)-2-Propenoates, Martin S. Wasilewski
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Novel alkyl ring-substituted octyl phenylcyanoacrylates (OPCA), RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2(CH2)6CH3, where R is H, 2-methyl, 3-methyl, 4-methyl, 4-ethyl, 4-propyl, 4-i-propyl, 4-butyl, 4-t-butyl, 4-i-butyl) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and octyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis. Compositions of ST-OPCA copolymers ranged from 18.6 % to 27.4% of …
Magnetic Dual Chiral Density Wave: A Candidate Quark Matter Phase For The Interior Of Neutron Stars, Efrain J. Ferrer, Vivian De La Incera
Magnetic Dual Chiral Density Wave: A Candidate Quark Matter Phase For The Interior Of Neutron Stars, Efrain J. Ferrer, Vivian De La Incera
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations
n this review, we discuss the physical characteristics of the magnetic dual chiral density wave (MDCDW) phase of dense quark matter and argue why it is a promising candidate for the interior matter phase of neutron stars. The MDCDW condensate occurs in the presence of a magnetic field. It is a single-modulated chiral density wave characterized by two dynamically generated parameters: the fermion quasiparticle mass m and the condensate spatial modulation q. The lowest-Landau-level quasiparticle modes in the MDCDW system are asymmetric about the zero energy, a fact that leads to the topological properties and anomalous electric transport exhibited by …
Supplmentary Feeding And Management Strategies To Overcome Drought Situations On Three High Producing New Zealand Seasonal Dairy Farms, S. H. Benson, P. N. P. Matthews
Supplmentary Feeding And Management Strategies To Overcome Drought Situations On Three High Producing New Zealand Seasonal Dairy Farms, S. H. Benson, P. N. P. Matthews
IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)
This paper investigates the outcomes of the management strategies to overcome dry summer conditions on three New Zealand seasonal supply dairy farms where the summer management philosophy is towards production rather than survival aimed at giving the farmer control rather than accepting the unreliable production outcomes often achieved. Actual data collected from the case farms as part of a large on-farm monitoring programme was used to model the dry 1998/99 season. This was compared with simulated models for an average season to estimate milksolids responses (g milksolids (MS)/kg DM) and net returns (cents/kg DM) to the additional feeds used. In …
A Simulation Model To Evaluate Supplementation Of Tropical Forage Diets For Dairy Cows, A. G. Assis, O. F. Campos, J. Dijkstra, J. France
A Simulation Model To Evaluate Supplementation Of Tropical Forage Diets For Dairy Cows, A. G. Assis, O. F. Campos, J. Dijkstra, J. France
IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)
A dynamic model of digestion kinetics has been built to evaluate dairy cattle diets based on tropical feeds and to estimate the potential of tropical forages for milk production associated with available supplements. Results of simulation were very consistent showing that grazed elephant grass alone can supply nutrients for cow maintenance and yield of 7.10 kg milk/day. Nevertheless, to produce 25 kg/day on grazed elephant grass, a dairy cow would need to be supplemented with 5.85 kg/day of a mixture of cottonseed meal (50%) plus ground maize (50%), while on maize silage it would be necessary 4.15 kg of the …
Performance Of Beef Heifers Of Various Genetic Groups, Supplemented Or Not, In Coastcross Pastures, Armando De A. Rodrigues, Geraldo M. Da Cruz, Rogério T. Barbosa, Maurício M. De Alencar, Luciano De A. Corrêa, Gilson P. De Oliveira
Performance Of Beef Heifers Of Various Genetic Groups, Supplemented Or Not, In Coastcross Pastures, Armando De A. Rodrigues, Geraldo M. Da Cruz, Rogério T. Barbosa, Maurício M. De Alencar, Luciano De A. Corrêa, Gilson P. De Oliveira
IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)
The objective of this study was to determine whether the performance of beef heifers of different genetic groups was affected by breed x nutritional environment interactions. Sixty four weaned heifers, 16 per genetic group: ½ Angus + ½ Nellore (AN), ½ Canchim + ½ Nellore (CN), ½ Simmental + ½ Nellore (SN) and pure Nellore (NE), were used with or without 3.0 kg of concentrate.animal-1 .day-1 in a fertilized coastcross pasture under rotational grazing system. There were effects of genetic group and supplementation (P< 0.05) on the weight and age at first estrus, but there was no interaction between them. In a rotational grazing system with 4000 kg of available dry matter per hectare with 13% of crude protein, the crossbred AN, supplemented or not, was more precocious (111 days) than Nellore heifers, showing the first estrus at 356 days of age and 324 kg of live weight.
Animal Performance On Brachiaria Brizantha Alone Or Supplemented With Concentrate Or Protein Bank Of Leucaena Leucocephala, Antonio João Lourenço, Paulo Roberto Leme, Marcelo De Queiroz Manella
Animal Performance On Brachiaria Brizantha Alone Or Supplemented With Concentrate Or Protein Bank Of Leucaena Leucocephala, Antonio João Lourenço, Paulo Roberto Leme, Marcelo De Queiroz Manella
IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)
The experiment was carried out at the Instituto Zootecnia, Nova Odessa, SP, Brasil, from June/1998 to March/2000 (634 days), and the liveweight gains of Nelore steers was evaluated, per animal and per area, on Brachiaria brizantha alone (T1), B. brizantha + Leucaena leucocephala (T2), B. brizantha + supplemental feeding during the dry season (T3) and B. brizantha + supplemental feeding during the dry and rainy season (T4). The experimental design was a randomized block, with four replications each one composed by three paddocks rotationally grazed by Nelore steers. Mean weight gain per …
Copycat Mass Killings: How Personality Might Moderate Identification With Antisocial Characters, Emily R. Mazzurco
Copycat Mass Killings: How Personality Might Moderate Identification With Antisocial Characters, Emily R. Mazzurco
Kean Quest
Research indicates that certain personality traits are prevalent within mass killers. Aggression, social rejection, narcissism, fame-seeking, low self-esteem, and depression are commonalities with mass killers, specifically mass shooters. Identification or idolizing antisocial fictional characters is also a common behavior within these types of offenders. These types of killers often draw inspiration for their own crimes from past criminals or from film and TV, thus committing what is known as a copycat crime. The purpose of the current study will be to examine the effects of social rejection and instigation on the likelihood of identifying with an antisocial character in young …
The Development Of Qmms: A Case Study For Reliable Online Quiz Maker And Management System, Mohamed Abdelmoneim Elshafey Dr., Tarek Said Ghoniemy Dr.
The Development Of Qmms: A Case Study For Reliable Online Quiz Maker And Management System, Mohamed Abdelmoneim Elshafey Dr., Tarek Said Ghoniemy Dr.
Future Computing and Informatics Journal
The e-learning and assessment systems became a dominant technology nowadays and distribute across the globe. With severe consequences of COVID19-like crises, the key importance of such technology appeared in which courses, quizzes and questionnaires have to be conducted remotely. Moreover, the use of Learning Management Systems (LMSs), such as blackboard, eCollege, and Moodle, has been sanctioned in all respects of education. This paper presents an open-source interactive Quiz Maker and Management System (QMMS) that suits the research, education (under-grad, grad, or post-grad), and industrial organizations to perform distant quizzes, training and questionnaires with an integration facility with other LMS tools …
Data-Driven Damage Initiation Criteria For Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, Alexander Richard Post
Data-Driven Damage Initiation Criteria For Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, Alexander Richard Post
College of Computing and Digital Media Dissertations
Computational progressive failure analysis (PFA) is vital for the design, verification, and validation of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. However, the computational cost of PFA is usually high due to the complexity of the model. The damage initiation criterion is one of the essential components of a PFA code to determine the transition of a material’s state from pristine or microscopically damaged to macroscopically damaged. In this thesis, data-driven models are developed to determine the matrix damage initiation based on the Mohr-Coulomb model and Hashin model. For 2D plane stress states, the computational cost for determining damage initiation can …
Characterization Of Ovarian Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles By Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy., Nina M. Culum, Tyler T. Cooper, Gilles A. Lajoie, Thamara Dayarathna, Stephen H. Pasternak, Jiahui Liu, Yangxin Fu, Francois Lagugne-Labarthet, Lynne Marie Postovit
Characterization Of Ovarian Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles By Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy., Nina M. Culum, Tyler T. Cooper, Gilles A. Lajoie, Thamara Dayarathna, Stephen H. Pasternak, Jiahui Liu, Yangxin Fu, Francois Lagugne-Labarthet, Lynne Marie Postovit
Chemistry Publications
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, owing to the fact that most cases are diagnosed at a late stage. To improve prognosis and reduce mortality, we must develop methods for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. A step towards early and non-invasive cancer diagnosis is through the utilization of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are nanoscale, membrane-bound vesicles that contain proteins and genetic material reflective of their parent cell. Thus, EVs secreted by cancer cells can be thought of as cancer biomarkers. In this paper, we present gold nanohole arrays for the capture of ovarian cancer (OvCa)-derived EVs and …
The Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Not Associated With Gut Permeability Or Biomarkers Of Systemic Inflammation In Hiv Immunologic Non-Responders, Fat Malazogu, Rodney K. Rousseau, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., Sanja Huibner, Sharon L. Walmsley, Colin M. Kovacs, Erika Benko, Robert J. Reinhard, Ron Rosenes, James R. Hébert, Rupert Kaul
The Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Not Associated With Gut Permeability Or Biomarkers Of Systemic Inflammation In Hiv Immunologic Non-Responders, Fat Malazogu, Rodney K. Rousseau, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., Sanja Huibner, Sharon L. Walmsley, Colin M. Kovacs, Erika Benko, Robert J. Reinhard, Ron Rosenes, James R. Hébert, Rupert Kaul
Faculty Publications
Immunologic non-responders (INRs) are a subset of individuals living with HIV who have suboptimal blood CD4+ T cell recovery despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). They are at an increased risk of serious non-AIDS co-morbidities and death, and demonstrate enhanced systemic immune activation. In other populations diet has been correlated with markers of systemic inflammation through the Diet Inflammatory Index (DII), but this association has not been studied in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Blood was collected from 28 INR PLWH with a blood CD4+ T cell count <350/μL despite ≥2 years of effective ART. Participants completed a Canadian Diet History Questionnaire, and their responses were used to calculate the DII. Plasma inflammatory markers (IFNγ, TNF, IL-6, sVCAM, D-dimer, sCD14 and CRP) were assayed by ELISA, cellular immune activation (HLA-DR and CD38 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) was quantified using flow cytometry, and small bowel permeability assessed by calculation of the urine LacMan ratio after drinking a mix of lactulose and mannitol. Participants were a median age of 57 years, had been on effective ART for 15 years, and the median DII was −1.91 (range of −3.78 to +2.23). No correlation was observed between DII and plasma markers of inflammation, levels of T cell activation, gut permeability, or the biomarker of bacterial translocation sCD14. Self-reported alcohol intake, a potential confounder of the relationship between diet and inflammatory biomarkers, was also not associated with systemic inflammation or gut permeability. Our findings suggest that other mechanisms, rather than diet, are likely to be the major driver of systemic inflammation in INR individuals.
Multi-Modal Transformers Excel At Class-Agnostic Object Detection, Muhammad Maaz, Hanoona Bangalath Rasheed, Salman Hameed Khan, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Rao Muhammad Anwer, Ming-Hsuan Yang
Multi-Modal Transformers Excel At Class-Agnostic Object Detection, Muhammad Maaz, Hanoona Bangalath Rasheed, Salman Hameed Khan, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Rao Muhammad Anwer, Ming-Hsuan Yang
Computer Vision Faculty Publications
What constitutes an object? This has been a longstanding question in computer vision. Towards this goal, numerous learning-free and learning-based approaches have been developed to score objectness. However, they generally do not scale well across new domains and for unseen objects. In this paper, we advocate that existing methods lack a top-down supervision signal governed by human-understandable semantics. To bridge this gap, we explore recent Multi-modal Vision Transformers (MViT) that have been trained with aligned image-text pairs. Our extensive experiments across various domains and novel objects show the state-of-the-art performance of MViTs to localize generic objects in images. Based on …
Situate: An Agent-Based System For Situation Recognition, Max Henry Quinn
Situate: An Agent-Based System For Situation Recognition, Max Henry Quinn
Dissertations and Theses
Computer vision and machine learning systems have improved significantly in recent years, largely based on the development of deep learning systems, leading to impressive performance on object detection tasks. Understanding the content of images is considerably more difficult. Even simple situations, such as "a handshake", "walking the dog", "a game of ping-pong", or "people waiting for a bus", present significant challenges. Each consists of common objects, but are not reliably detectable as a single entity nor through the simple co-occurrence of their parts.
In this dissertation, toward the goal of developing machine learning systems that demonstrate properties associated with understanding, …
Pre-Sowing Treatments Improve Germinability Of South Texas Native Plant Seeds, Kaitlynn Lavallee, Pushpa Soti, Hansapani Rodrigo, Rupesh R. Kariyat, Alexis Racelis
Pre-Sowing Treatments Improve Germinability Of South Texas Native Plant Seeds, Kaitlynn Lavallee, Pushpa Soti, Hansapani Rodrigo, Rupesh R. Kariyat, Alexis Racelis
School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The incorporation of native plant species is central to restoration efforts, but this is often limited by both the availability of seeds and the relatively low viability and germination rates of commercially available seeds. Although pre-sowing treatments are commonly used to improve germination rates of seeds, the efficacy of these treatments is found to vary across species. In this study, we tested how four pre-sow treatments (physical scarification, acid scarification, cold stratification, and aerated hydropriming) affected the viability and seed germination rates of 12 commercially available plant species native to south Texas and commonly used in restoration efforts. Our results …
Urine Calcium But Not Plasma Calcium Or Urine Hydroxyproline Is Increased By A Systemic Acidosis In The Dairy Cow, J. R. Roche, Dawn E. Dalley, F. O’Mara, E. S. Kolver
Urine Calcium But Not Plasma Calcium Or Urine Hydroxyproline Is Increased By A Systemic Acidosis In The Dairy Cow, J. R. Roche, Dawn E. Dalley, F. O’Mara, E. S. Kolver
IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)
Eight non-lactating, pregnant Holstein-Friesian cows were allocated to two treatments and individually offered diets differing in dietary cation-anion difference. Decreasing the dietary cation-anion difference reduced the urine pH within hours of anionic salt supplementation. Plasma calcium concentration was unaffected by dietary cation-anion difference but urine calcium concentration was significantly increased within 10 days of including anionic salts in the diet. Faecal calcium concentration was significantly reduced, indicating increased calcium absorption. Dietary calcium concentration or dietary cationanion difference did not significantly affect urinary hydroxyproline.
Dry Matter Intake Of Periparturient Cows On A Fresh Pasture/Pasture-Hay Diet, J. R. Roche, Dawn E. Dalley, F. O’Mara, E. S. Kolver
Dry Matter Intake Of Periparturient Cows On A Fresh Pasture/Pasture-Hay Diet, J. R. Roche, Dawn E. Dalley, F. O’Mara, E. S. Kolver
IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)
Reports of the depression in dry matter intake in the periparturient period have been inconsistent and little dry matter intake data is available for an all-forage diet prior to calving. Data to examine intake depression prior to calving was obtained from two experiments. In experiment 1, sixteen non-lactating, periparturient cows ate 1.3% of pre-calving body weight of grass-hay and freshly cut grass for two weeks pre-calving (restricted). Experiment 2 comprised thiry-six cows that ate 1.6% of pre-calving body weight of grass-hay and freshly cut grass for the final two weeks of pregnancy (ad libitum). Individual dry matter intakes …
Effectt Of Supplements On Forage Degradability Of Brachiaria Brizantha Cv. Marandu Grazed By Steers, J. R. A. Pereira, Ricardo A. Reis, L. R. De A. Rodrigues, D. Freitas
Effectt Of Supplements On Forage Degradability Of Brachiaria Brizantha Cv. Marandu Grazed By Steers, J. R. A. Pereira, Ricardo A. Reis, L. R. De A. Rodrigues, D. Freitas
IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)
The supplementation effect was evaluated using crossbred rumen-fistulated steers maintained in a Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu pasture. The animals received energy supplementation (corn-COR); low degradability protein supplementation (corn gluten-GLU); and high degradability protein supplementation (soybean-SBM) at two levels N1 (± 0.5 kg/an/day) and N2 (± 1.5 kg/an/day); or no supplementation (Control). The factorial (3x2), plus the control, was studied according to complete randomized block design with three replications. The supplementation did not affect (P> 0.05) the potential degradability (POD), the effective degradability (EFD), and the degradation rates (DR) of the forage (extrusa). The GLU supplementation provided higher (P< 0.05) EFD of the NIDN fraction than the SBM, and both did not differ (P> 0.05) of …