Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Effect Of Plant Population On The Yield And Quality Of Annual Rye-Grass, M. E. V. L. Lourenço, P. M. M. Palma

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of three plant population levels (350, 750 and 1150 plants m^-2) on dry matter yield and forage quality (crude protein and dry matter digestibility) of four rye-grass genotypes (Barspectra, Billion, Clipper and Pollanum) used in two harvests (March and May).

The results for dry matter yield means by year, genotype, and harvest were always higher in the second harvest than in the first, and the highest total mean value was reached in the first year (5853 Kg ha^-1). The genotype Billion was the most stable …

High Yielding And Disease Resistant Elephant Grass Suitable For Intensive Smallholder Dairy Farmers In Kenya, A. B. Orodho

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

In Kenya, over 80% of milk is produced by the smallholder dairy farmers who mainly practice semi or zero-grazing dairy management system. Scarcity of livestock feed is a great limiting factor in the dairy industry, especially in the small scale farming systems which rely mostly on fodder. Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum) is the major livestock feed and its productivity depends mostly on management practices. The current fodder crops grown by farmers have been developed through systematic research of collection/introductions, screening and evaluation of forages for their suitability as livestock feed. These adopted fodder cultivars are undergoing yield reduction due …

Intake And Digestibility Of Black Locust Foliage Fed To Growing Goat Wethers, L. J. Unruh, J-M. Luginbuhl, J. P. Mueller

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Leaves of Black locust (BL, Robinia pseudoacacia), a native southeastern United States tree species known to contain substantial levels of condensed tannins, were fed to 16, four month old (20.4 kg body weight [BW]) Boer wether goats (Capra hircus hircus) to determine their effects on intake and digestibility. Four diets were stall fed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Diets included: (1) 100% eastern gamagrass (EGH; Tripsacum dactyloides) hay; (2) 70% EGH and 30% mixture of ground corn (GC; Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) meal (SBM); (3) 75% …

Importance Of Considering Rate Of Passage When Determining Energy Content Of Forages For High Producing Animals, Dan J. Undersander, D. K. Combs, Edgard P. Beyer, Marcello T. Rodrigues

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of higher rates of passage and correspondingly lower rumen retention times on digestion of forages. One hundred and fifty samples of legumes, grasses and grass-legume mixtures were collected from farmer samples submitted to commercial forage testing laboratories and 32 samples of alfalfa at varying maturity were collected from research plots. In vitro digestions were performed for either 24 or 48 hours followed by neutral detergent analysis. Neither acid detergent fiber (ADF) nor neutral detergent fiber (NDF) predicted the standard 48-hour digestion very well (r² = -0.38 and B0.26, respectively). …

Nutritional Quality Of Digitaria Eriantha Steudel. Subsp. Eriantha Cv. Irene, M. J. L. Privitello, R. L. Sager

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Digitaria eriantha is a South African perennial grass, C4 type, that grows during spring and summer with rainfalls higher than 400mm. The aim of this paper was to evaluate its nutritional quality profile: Crude Protein (%CP), True Protein (%TP), Soluble Protein (%SP), Non-Protein Nitrogen (%NPN), Neutral Detergent Fiber (%NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber (%ADF) in cumulative production cuttings during a species cycle. In-sacco technique was applied to estimate the degradability of dry matter (DM). A simple regression statistics method was applied to relate different nutritional parameters. Digitaria eriantha presents low percentage of CP from flowering and of NPN during its …

Agronomic Potential And Nutritive Value Of Promising Leucaena Species In The Yucatan Peninsula, Luis Ramírez-Avilés, W. O. Cruz, Francisco J. Solorio-Sánchez

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Two experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the agronomic potential, the nutritive value and the tolerance to psyllid (Heteropsilla cubana) of nine Leucaena species. A randomized block design with four repetitions was used. There were significant (P< 0.01) differences on dry matter production (i.e. leaf and twigs yield ). L. collinsii showed the most promising result, which could be related to its high psyllid tolerance. In a second experiment, the preference indices of Leucaena species was assessed with sixteen male pelibuey sheep in a cafeteria trial. There were significant (P< 0.0001) differences among Leucaena species. L. esculenta paniculata was the species most preferred . There was no relationship between chemical composition …

Characterizing Clustering Models Of High-Dimensional Remotely Sensed Data Using Subsampled Field-Subfield Spatial Cross-Validated Random Forests, Andrew B. Whetten

International Journal of Geospatial and Environmental Research

Clustering models are regularly used to construct meaningful groups of observations within complex datasets, and they are an exceptional tool for spatial exploratory analysis. The clusters detected in a recent spatio-temporal cluster analysis of leaf area index (LAI) in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) require further investigation since they are only derived using a single greenness metric. It is of great interest to further understand how greening indices can be used to determine separation of sites across an array of remotely sensed environmental attributes. In this prior work, there are highly localized minority clusters that were detected to be most …

The Fierce Green Fire: Vol. 12 Issue 6, Wofford College. Department Of Environmental Studies

The Fierce Green Fire

No abstract provided.

Exposure Of Predatory And Scavenging Birds To Anticoagulant Rodenticides In France: Exploration Of Data From French Surveillance Programs, Meg-Anne Moriceau, Sébastien Lefebvre, Isabelle Fourel, Etienne Benoit, Florence Buronfosse-Roque, Pascal Orabi, Barnett A. Rattner, Virginie Lattard

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Wild raptors are widely used to assess exposure to different environmental contaminants, including anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs). ARs are used on a global scale for rodent control, and act by disruption of the vitamin K cycle that results in haemorrhage usually accompanied by death within days. Some ARs are highly persistent and bioaccumulative, which can cause significant exposure of non-target species.We characterized AR exposure in a heterogeneous sample of dead raptors collected over 12 years (2008–2019) in south-eastern France. Residue analysis of 156 liver samples through LC-MS/MS revealed that 50% (78/156) were positive for ARs, with 13.5% (21/156) having summed second-generation …

Mgrre_Pureoilscouttickets_Lacomte, A._1_21127077420000, Mgrre

Legacy Scout Tickets from Pure Oil Company

No abstract provided.

The Imperative For Climate Action At Portland State University, Stephen Percy

Office of the President Publications and Presentations

Portland State University President Stephen Percy announces the formation of the Climate Change Initiative.

Magnetic Dichroism In Few-Photon Ionization Of Polarized Atoms, B. P. Acharya, M. Dodson, S. Dubey, K. L. Romans, A. H.N.C. De Silva, K. Foster, O. Russ, K. Bartschat, N. Douguet, Daniel Fischer

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We consider few-photon ionization of atomic lithium by linearly polarized femtosecond laser pulses and demonstrate that asymmetries of the electron angular distribution can occur for initially polarized (2p, m=+1) target atoms. The dependence of the photoelectron emission angle relative to the electric field direction is investigated at different laser intensities and wavelengths. The experimental spectra show excellent agreement with numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. In the perturbative picture, the angular shift is traced back to interferences between partial waves with mean magnetic quantum number (m)≠0. This observation allows us to obtain quantum mechanical information on the final electronic …

Hα Reverberation Mapping Of The Intermediate-Mass Active Galactic Nucleus In Ngc 4395, Hojin Cho, Jong-Hak Woo, Tommaso Treu, Peter R. Williams, Stephen F. Armen, Aaron J. Barth, Vardha N. Bennert, Wanjin Cho, Alexei V. Filippenko, Elena Gallo, Jaehyuk Geum, Diego González-Buitrago, Kayhan Gültekin, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, John C. Horst, Seong Hyeon Hwang, Wonseok Kang, Minjin Kim, Taewoo Kim, Douglas C. Leonard, Matthew A. Malkan, Raymond P. Remigio, David J. Sand, Jaejin Shin, Donghoon Son, Hyun-Il Sung, Vivian U

Physics

We present the results of a high-cadence spectroscopic and imaging monitoring campaign of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) of NGC 4395. High signal-to-noise-ratio spectra were obtained at the Gemini-N 8 m telescope using the GMOS integral field spectrograph (IFS) on 2019 March 7 and at the Keck I 10 m telescope using the Low-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer with slit masks on 2019 March 3 and April 2. Photometric data were obtained with a number of 1 m-class telescopes during the same nights. The narrow-line region (NLR) is spatially resolved; therefore, its variable contributions to the slit spectra make the standard procedure …

Polyglyoxylamides With A Ph-Mediated Solubility And Depolymerization Switch, Quinton E. A. Sirianni, Xiaoli Liang, Georgina K. Such, Elizabeth Gillies

Chemistry Publications

Self-immolative polymers (SIPs) are characterized by their ability to depolymerize in response to the cleavage of a single end-cap or backbone moiety, making them attractive for numerous applications including sensors, transient plastics, and delivery vehicles. For many applications, it would be desirable to have an SIP capable of depolymerizing selectively under mildly acidic aqueous conditions. However, the poor solubility of most SIPs in water, accompanied by the competing effects of end-cap cleavage and depolymerization mechanisms, has made this a challenge. Here, we describe the development of polyglyoxylamides (PGAms) with pendent amino groups to achieve solubility switching at mildly acidic pH, …

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

First Ecological Characterization Of Whip Black Coral Assemblages (Hexacorallia: Antipatharia) In The Easter Island Ecoregion, Southeastern Pacific, Jan M. Tapia-Guerra, Cynthia M. Asorey, Erin E. Easton, Daniel Wagner, Matthias Gorny, Javier Sellanes

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

One of the main priorities of marine scientific research is to provide practical information and guidance for biodiversity conservation and management. In this context, the identification of key and fragile habitat-forming species is particularly important. Despite their ecological importance, whip corals in the order Antipatharia remain poorly studied around the world, and especially in the South Pacific. During recent expeditions to explore mesophotic and deep benthic habitats around Rapa Nui (Easter Island), dense assemblages of whip black corals were observed in situ. We here report the first detailed description of the distribution and abundance of these black coral assemblages …

Riverine And Estuarine Co2-System Studies On The West Coast Of Florida, Christopher S. Moore

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Coastal and estuarine acidification impacts ecosystem health and economic resources and has both natural and anthropogenic components (Cai et al., 2021). Riverine input is one of several important factors that can influence acidification in coastal ecosystems. Rivers disgorging into coastal environments can create strong gradients, both spatial and temporal, that make accurate CO2-system characterization challenging. The work described in this thesis provides a baseline CO2-system study of four major rivers that flow into Tampa bay with an emphasis on seasonal change. As a second objective, this thesis examines the effects of HgII additions on CO2-system measurements in organic-rich estuarine waters. …

Ramon (Brosimun Alicastrum) Foliage As Supplement For Lactating Dual Purpose Cows, Carlos A. Sandoval-Castro, R. Cetina, I. Pérez, Luis Ramírez-Avilés

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of the present study was to asses the value of ramón (Brosimun alicastrum) foliage as a N-source in replacement of soybean-N in lactating dual purpose cows (Bos indicus x B. taurus). Four lactating cows were used in a latin rectangle design. Ramón was included to replace 0, 33, 66 and 100 % of the soybean-N contained in the supplement. Basal diet was fresh “Taiwán” a cultivar of Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) fed ad libitum. Basal and total dry matter intake, digestibility (total fecal collection), saleable and calf suckled milk yields, and …

Dry Matter Yield, In Vitro Digestibility, Protein And Fiber Composition Of 'Tifton 9' Bahiagrass (Paspalum Notatum) At Six Maturities, J. M. B. Vendramini, C. M. Haddad, Carlos G. S. Pedreira

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this research was to evaluate dry matter yield, in vitro digestibility, and the concentrations of protein and cell wall components in 'Tifton 9’clipped at six maturities. Herbage was cut at the age of 20, 27, 34, 41, 48 and 55 days. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with six trataments (ages) and four replications. Dry matter yield and acid detergent fiber ranged from 188 g m^-2, to 593 g m^-2 and 386.9 g kg^-1 to 375.1 g kg^-1 respectively, with the cubic regression model having the best fit (P< 0.05). Concentrations of crude protein decreased linearly (P< 0.05) from 121 to 69 g kg^-1. …

In Situ Degradability Of Hand Harvested Or Extrusa Samples Of Tanzania Grass (Panicum Maximum, Jacq.), T. T. Berchielli, A. K. D. Salman, R. N. Silveira, W. V. B. Soares, J. R. Nogueira, S. N. Kronka

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

In order to compare the in situ degradability of tanzania grass samples obtained as by extrusa or hand plucked, three ruminal fistulated cows were used in a completely randomized block design with split-plot scheme. Five grams of extrusa or hand harvested grasses were placed in nylon bags rumen incubated during 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 and 120 hours. The degradability of DM, CP, NDF and ADF were, in this sequence, 62.59, 80.88, 50.73 and 46.65%, for hand harvested grass; and 79.53, 90.97, 71.21 and 65.68%, for extrusa. In situ degradability data of hand harvested samples were not reliable.

Herbivore Preference For Afternoon- And Morning-Cut Forages And Adoption Of Cutting Management Strategies, H. F. Mayland, J. C. Burns, D. S. Fisher, Glenn E. Shewmaker, R. Carlstrom, D. S. Cash

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Photosynthesizing forage plants accumulate total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) during daylight, but then TNC concentrations are reduced during the night. Afternoon-cut forage (PM) has greater TNC value and thus economic value, than morning-cut (AM). Livestock prefer PM-cut hay and this can be readily demonstrated by offering animals a choice of hays cut in PM and AM. Alfalfa growers in the western United States are readily adopting PM-cutting technology to increase profits.

Near Infra-Red Measurement Of Nonstructural Carbohydrates In Alfalfa Hay, H. F. Mayland, J. C. Burns, D. S. Fisher, Glenn E. Shewmaker

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Recently documented benefits from afternoon versus morning cut forage have encouraged laboratory reporting of total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) values as part of forage quality testing. Our objective was to determine if infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS), which is being used in many forage testing labs, could be reliably used to quantify forage sugars in hay samples. We used two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) sample populations that were analyzed by wet chemistry for sugars and scanned by NIRS. The first set consisted of field-dried hay samples that were oven dried at 70^oC and the second consisted of fresh, freeze-dried samples. …

De Finetti’S Theorem In Categorical Probability, Tobias Fritz, Tomáš Gonda, Paolo Perrone

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

Intake And Qualitative Aspects Of Guinea Grass Grazed By Sheep Over Three Different Seasons, Willem A. Van Niekerk

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of season on intake by sheep as well as certain selected qualitative characteristics of Panicum maximum (cv Gatton) (Guinea grass) at the mature growing stage. The lower DM content of the spring and summer grass (41.6 and 40.2%) did not hamper DOMI (48.1 and 26.7 W^0.75/d), respectively. The N concentration of the spring and summer grass was well within the limit required for optimal rumen microbial production (1.8 - 2.0%). The high cell wall components of the winter grass resulted most probably in a significant lower IVDOM value …

Identification And Quantification Of N-Alkanes In Three Tropical Grasses, T. C. M. Genro, Ê. R. Prates, L. R. L. De S. Thiago, M. Herrero, V. Sabatel

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The main goal of this paper was to quantify the profile of n-alkanes in three tropical grasses. Hand plucking samples to simulate grazing were taking from Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Cameroon. These samples were collected from an experiment established to assess intensive beef production from grasses throughout the year, under rotational grazing. Rotation order through the paddocks remained constant, with 30 days of rest after each grazing bout (16 paddocks, 2 days of grazing). Profiles of n-alkanes were analysed in three separate periods of the year: in the middle of the dry …

Determination Of N-Alkanes At Different Stratum Heights In A Pasture Of Panicum Maximum Cv. Mombaça, T. C. M. Genro, L. R. L. De S. Thiago, Ê. R. Prates, M. Herrero, V. Sabatel

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The aim of this experiment was to determine n-alkane levels in the stem + leaf sheath and leaf blade components of a pasture of Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, harvested in 20 cm stratified layers. This pasture was under rotational grazing for intensive beef production throughout the year. The grazing system was based on the use of 16 paddocks with a 2-day grazing period followed by a 30-day resting period. Profiles of n-alkanes were determined in samples harvested in three separate periods: in the middle of the dry season (August 97; PERIOD 1), at the beginning of the wet season (November …

Observation Of Bundle Sheath Digestion Of Panicum Maximum Jacq,, B. Lempp, Valéria P. B. Euclides, Maria Da Graça Morais, D. M. Victor

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Cross-sections of available forage and extrusa fractions of leaf blades of Tanzânia-1, Mombaça and Massai grasses were evaluated for anatomic structure and observations of residue of in vitro digestibility. The observations showed greater frequency of scherenchyma girders in leaf blades of cv Massai, compared with order grasses. Tanzânia-1 and Mombaça residues were more susceptible to digestion, while Massai presented more frequently scherenchyma girders associated with less digestible bundle sheath.

A Simple Method For Estimating Alfalfa Fiber Content In The Field, Reuben M. Sulc, K. A. Albrecht, V. N. Owens

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Predictive equations for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) quality (PEAQ) based on length of the longest stem and maturity stage of the most mature stem in a sample were developed and validated for estimating neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentrations in alfalfa. The objective of this research was to validate PEAQ with a simplified maturity scale when estimating fiber content. Alfalfa samples varying in height and maturity were collected throughout the growing season from fields across six states in USA. Observed NDF and ADF values (determined via wet chemistry) were regressed on estimated values. The estimated …

Mgrre_Pureoilscouttickets_Cartier, A. E. Sons Company_1_21127073070000, Mgrre

Legacy Scout Tickets from Pure Oil Company

No abstract provided.

Machine Learning For Species Habitat Analysis, Abigail Lavallin

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Management and conservation initiatives will always be controlled by finite resources, whether financialor temporal. Understanding a species’ spatial ecology, and how its requirements vary across habitats and locations is key to a successful species management plan. During recent decades, it has been noted how many species populations have declined, despite conservation practices working to increase their numbers. The most prevalent impacts affecting fauna populations have come from anthropogenic change in the form of habitat loss and destruction, along with fragmentation, and global climate change. There is a clear need for management practices to now operate on an entire landscape instead …