Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2021

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 1801 - 1830 of 27884

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Do Firms Respond To Peer Disclosures? Evidence From Clinical Trial Disclosures, Vedran Capkun, Yun Lou, Clemens A. Otto, Yin Wang Nov 2021

Do Firms Respond To Peer Disclosures? Evidence From Clinical Trial Disclosures, Vedran Capkun, Yun Lou, Clemens A. Otto, Yin Wang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We examine whether a firm’s decision to disclose non-financial proprietary information depends on peer disclosures of similar information. Using a sample of 5,035 unique clinical trials by U.S. pharmaceutical firms over the 2007-2014 period, we find that the firm is less likely to disclose its own clinical trial results if peers have published clinical trial results pertaining to the same medical condition. Conditional on disclosing clinical trial results, the firm is also less likely to disclose the trial results on time when peers have disclosed their clinical trial results. Our cross-sectional tests suggest that proprietary costs of disclosure play an …

Go to article

In Situ Determination Of Dry And Wet Snow Permittivity: Improving Equations For Low Frequency Radar Applications, Ryan Webb, Adrian Marziliano, Daniel Mcgrath, Randall Bonnell, Tate G. Meehan, Carrie Vuyovich, Hans-Peter Marshall Nov 2021

In Situ Determination Of Dry And Wet Snow Permittivity: Improving Equations For Low Frequency Radar Applications, Ryan Webb, Adrian Marziliano, Daniel Mcgrath, Randall Bonnell, Tate G. Meehan, Carrie Vuyovich, Hans-Peter Marshall

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Extensive efforts have been made to observe the accumulation and melting of seasonal snow. However, making accurate observations of snow water equivalent (SWE) at global scales is challenging. Active radar systems show promise, provided the dielectric properties of the snowpack are accurately constrained. The dielectric constant (k) determines the velocity of a radar wave through snow, which is a critical component of time-of-flight radar techniques such as ground penetrating radar and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). However, equations used to estimate k have been validated only for specific conditions with limited in situ validation for seasonal snow applications. …

Go to article

Bisindolylmaleimide Ix: A Novel Anti-Sars-Cov2 Agent Targeting Viral Main Protease 3clpro Demonstrated By Virtual Screening Pipeline And In-Vitro Validation Assays, Yash Gupta, Dawid Maciorowski, Samantha E. Zak, Krysten A. Jones, Rahul S. Kathayat, Saara-Anne Azizi, Raman Mathur, Catherine M. Pearce, David J. Ilc, Hamza Husein, Andrew S. Herbert, Ajay Bharti, Brijesh Rathi, Ravi Durvasula, Daniel P. Becker, Bryan C. Dickinson, John M. Dye, Prakasha Kempaiah Nov 2021

Bisindolylmaleimide Ix: A Novel Anti-Sars-Cov2 Agent Targeting Viral Main Protease 3clpro Demonstrated By Virtual Screening Pipeline And In-Vitro Validation Assays, Yash Gupta, Dawid Maciorowski, Samantha E. Zak, Krysten A. Jones, Rahul S. Kathayat, Saara-Anne Azizi, Raman Mathur, Catherine M. Pearce, David J. Ilc, Hamza Husein, Andrew S. Herbert, Ajay Bharti, Brijesh Rathi, Ravi Durvasula, Daniel P. Becker, Bryan C. Dickinson, John M. Dye, Prakasha Kempaiah

Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 consists of several enzymes with essential functions within its proteome. Here, we focused on repurposing approved and investigational drugs/compounds. We targeted seven proteins with enzymatic activities known to be essential at different stages of the viral cycle including PLpro, 3CLpro, RdRP, Helicase, ExoN, NendoU, and 2′-O-MT. For virtual screening, energy minimization of a crystal structure of the modeled protein was carried out using the Protein Preparation Wizard (Schrodinger LLC 2020-1). Following active site selection based on data mining and COACH predictions, we performed a high-throughput virtual screen of drugs and investigational molecules (n = …

Go to article

How Secure Are Android And Apple’S Operating Systems And Based Applications Against Cyber Attacks And Cyber Crime, Marlowe Cosby Jr. Nov 2021

How Secure Are Android And Apple’S Operating Systems And Based Applications Against Cyber Attacks And Cyber Crime, Marlowe Cosby Jr.

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

Smartphone has become an important part of our everyday life. Android and apple are the two most used operating system (OS) for smart phones. We usually store important information in our smart phone, e.g.: credit card, bank account, driving ID, SSN. As a result, Android and Apple operating systems and applications have both been subject to a wide number of vulnerabilities and attacks. This directly effects many people being that they are the global leaders of users within their platforms reaching billions of people daily. It is important that smartphones receive better defense and security. In this paper, we aim …

Go to article

Constraints From Ligo O3 Data On Gravitational-Wave Emission Due To R-Modes In The Glitching Pulsar Psr J0537–6910, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Karla E. Ramirez, Wenhui Wang Nov 2021

Constraints From Ligo O3 Data On Gravitational-Wave Emission Due To R-Modes In The Glitching Pulsar Psr J0537–6910, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Karla E. Ramirez, Wenhui Wang

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present a search for continuous gravitational-wave emission due to r-modes in the pulsar PSR J0537-6910 using data from the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration observing run O3. PSR J0537-6910 is a young energetic X-ray pulsar and is the most frequent glitcher known. The inter-glitch braking index of the pulsar suggests that gravitational-wave emission due to r-mode oscillations may play an important role in the spin evolution of this pulsar. Theoretical models confirm this possibility and predict emission at a level that can be probed by ground-based detectors. In order to explore this scenario, we search for r-mode emission in the epochs between …

Go to article

College Of Natural Sciences Scholarship Brunch Program, November 6th 2021, College Of Natural Sciences Nov 2021

College Of Natural Sciences Scholarship Brunch Program, November 6th 2021, College Of Natural Sciences

College of Natural Sciences Newsletters and Reports

This is the program for the first annual College of Natural Sciences Scholarship Brunch, held on November 6th, 2021 at McCrory Gardens.

Go to article

Fingerlings Mass Estimation: A Comparison Between Deep And Shallow Learning Algorithms, Adair Da Silva Oliveira Junior, Diego André Sant’Ana, Marcio Carneiro Brito Pache, Vanir Garcia, Vanessa Aparecida De Moares Weber, Gilberto Astolfi, Fabricio De Lima Weber, Geazy Vilharva Menezes, Gabriel Kirsten Menezes, Pedro Lucas França Albuquerque, Celso Soares Costa, Eduardo Quirino Arguelho De Queiroz, João Victor Araújo Rozales, Milena Wolff Ferreira, Marco Hiroshi Naka, Hemerson Pistori Nov 2021

Fingerlings Mass Estimation: A Comparison Between Deep And Shallow Learning Algorithms, Adair Da Silva Oliveira Junior, Diego André Sant’Ana, Marcio Carneiro Brito Pache, Vanir Garcia, Vanessa Aparecida De Moares Weber, Gilberto Astolfi, Fabricio De Lima Weber, Geazy Vilharva Menezes, Gabriel Kirsten Menezes, Pedro Lucas França Albuquerque, Celso Soares Costa, Eduardo Quirino Arguelho De Queiroz, João Victor Araújo Rozales, Milena Wolff Ferreira, Marco Hiroshi Naka, Hemerson Pistori

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

The paper presents some results regarding the automatic mass estimation of Pintado Real fingerlings, using machine learning techniques to support the fish production process. For this purpose, an image dataset called FISHCV1206FSEG, was created which is composed of 1206 images of fingerlings with their respective annotated masses. Through the fish contours, the area and perimeter were extracted, and submitted to the J48, SVM, and KNN classification algorithms and a linear regression algorithm. The images were also submitted to ResNet50, In- ceptionV3, Exception, VGG16, and VGG19 convolutional neural networks. As a result, the classification algorithm J48 reached an accuracy of 58.2% …

Go to article

System Identification Through Lipschitz Regularized Deep Neural Networks, Elisa Negrini, Giovanna Citti, Luca Capogna Nov 2021

System Identification Through Lipschitz Regularized Deep Neural Networks, Elisa Negrini, Giovanna Citti, Luca Capogna

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

In this paper we use neural networks to learn governing equations from data. Specifically we reconstruct the right-hand side of a system of ODEs x˙(t)=f(t,x(t)) directly from observed uniformly time-sampled data using a neural network. In contrast with other neural network-based approaches to this problem, we add a Lipschitz regularization term to our loss function. In the synthetic examples we observed empirically that this regularization results in a smoother approximating function and better generalization properties when compared with non-regularized models, both on trajectory and non-trajectory data, especially in presence of noise. In contrast with sparse regression approaches, since neural networks …

Go to article

Ultrasound Regulated Flexible Protein Materials: Fabrication, Structure And Physical-Biological Properties., Bowen Cai, Hanling Gu, Fang Wang, Kyle Printon, Zhenggui Gu, Xiao Hu Nov 2021

Ultrasound Regulated Flexible Protein Materials: Fabrication, Structure And Physical-Biological Properties., Bowen Cai, Hanling Gu, Fang Wang, Kyle Printon, Zhenggui Gu, Xiao Hu

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Ultrasound can be used in the biomaterial field due to its high efficiency, easy operation, no chemical treatment, repeatability and high level of control. In this work, we demonstrated that ultrasound is able to quickly regulate protein structure at the solution assembly stage to obtain the designed properties of protein-based materials. Silk fibroin proteins dissolved in a formic acid-CaCl solution system were treated in an ultrasound with varying times and powers. By altering these variables, the silks physical properties and structures can be fine-tuned and the results were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron …

Go to article

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Hemichannel Function Of A Cataract-Associated Cx50 Mutant, Jun-Jie Tong, Umair Khan, Bassam George Haddad, Peter J. Minogue, Eric C. Beyer, Vivian M. Berthoud, Steve L. Reichow, Lisa Ebihra Nov 2021

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Hemichannel Function Of A Cataract-Associated Cx50 Mutant, Jun-Jie Tong, Umair Khan, Bassam George Haddad, Peter J. Minogue, Eric C. Beyer, Vivian M. Berthoud, Steve L. Reichow, Lisa Ebihra

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Connexin-50 (Cx50) is among the most frequently mutated genes associated with congenital cataracts. Although most of these disease-linked variants cause loss of function because of misfolding or aberrant trafficking, others directly alter channel properties. The mechanistic bases for such functional defects are mostly unknown. We investigated the functional and structural properties of a cataract-linked mutant, Cx50T39R (T39R), in the Xenopus oocyte system. T39R exhibited greatly enhanced hemichannel currents with altered voltage-gating properties compared to Cx50 and induced cell death. Coexpression of mutant T39R with wild-type Cx50 (to mimic the heterozygous state) resulted in hemichannel currents whose properties were indistinguishable from …

Go to article

Cuts: Scaling Subgraph Isomorphism On Distributed Multi-Gpu Systems Using Trie Based Data Structure, Lizhi Xiang, Arif Khan, Edoardo Serra, Mahantesh Halappanavar, Aravind Sukumaran-Rajam Nov 2021

Cuts: Scaling Subgraph Isomorphism On Distributed Multi-Gpu Systems Using Trie Based Data Structure, Lizhi Xiang, Arif Khan, Edoardo Serra, Mahantesh Halappanavar, Aravind Sukumaran-Rajam

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Subgraph isomorphism is a pattern-matching algorithm widely used in many domains such as chem-informatics, bioinformatics, databases, and social network analysis. It is computationally expensive and is a proven NP-hard problem. The massive parallelism in GPUs is well suited for solving subgraph isomorphism. However, current GPU implementations are far from the achievable performance. Moreover, the enormous memory requirement of current approaches limits the problem size that can be handled. This work analyzes the fundamental challenges associated with processing subgraph isomorphism on GPUs and develops an efficient GPU implementation. We also develop a GPU-friendly trie-based data structure to drastically reduce the intermediate …

Go to article

Mapping E-Commerce Locally And Beyond: Citt K12 Special Investigation Project, Thomas O’Brien, Deanna Matsumoto Nov 2021

Mapping E-Commerce Locally And Beyond: Citt K12 Special Investigation Project, Thomas O’Brien, Deanna Matsumoto

Mineta Transportation Institute

As all aspects of the American workplace become automated or digitally enhanced to some degree, K12 educators have an increasing responsibility to help their students acquire the technical skills necessary to organize and interpret information. Increasingly, this is done through Geographic Information Systems (GIS), especially in careers related to transportation and logistics. The Center for International Trade & Transportation (CITT) at CSU Long Beach has developed this K12 Special Investigation Project to introduce ArcGIS StoryMaps, an engaging, accessible and sophisticated web-based GIS application. The lessons center on e-commerce and its accompanying environmental and economic impact. Still, the activities can be …

Go to article

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc. Nov 2021

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (Cmmc) Compliance For Dod Contractors, Sierra Burnett Nov 2021

Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (Cmmc) Compliance For Dod Contractors, Sierra Burnett

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

The DoD is currently taking a supply-chain risk management strategy to foster cybersecurity. This unique strategy is often referred to as CMMC which stands for “Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification”. The approach requires that all the 300,000 DoD contractors acquire third-party authentication that may attain the requirements for the CMMC maturity level suitable to the work they desire to do for the DoD. CMMC typically examines the organization's capability to safeguard Federal Contract Information as well as CUI. It integrates various cybersecurity standards already in place and plots the best practices alongside processes to five maturity levels that range from the …

Go to article

Tess-Keck Survey. V. Twin Sub-Neptunes Transiting The Nearby G Star Hd 63935, N. Scarsdale, J. M. Akana Murphy, N. M. Batalha, I. J. M. Crossfield, C. D. Dressing, B. Fulton, A. W. Howard, D. Huber, H. Isaacson, S. R. Kane, E. A. Petigura, P. Robertson, A. Roy, L. M. Weiss, C. Beard, A. Behmard, A. Chontos, J. L. Christiansen, D. R. Ciardi, Z. R. Claytor, K. A. Collins, K. I. Collins, F. Dai, P. A. Dalba, D. Dragomir, T. Fetherolf, A. Fukui, S. Giacalone, E. J. Gonzales, M. L. Hill, L. A. Hirsch, Eric L.N. Jensen, M. R. Kosiarek, J. P. De Leon, J. Lubin, M. B. Lund, R. Luque, A. W. Mayo, T. Močnik, M. Mori, N. Narita, G. Nowak, E. Pallé, M. Rabus, L. J. Rosenthal, R. A. Rubenzahl, J. E. Schlieder, A. Shporer, K. G. Stassun, J. Twicken, G. Wang, D. A. Yahalomi, J. Jenkins, D. W. Latham, G. R. Ricker, S. Seager, R. Vanderspek, J. N. Winn Nov 2021

Tess-Keck Survey. V. Twin Sub-Neptunes Transiting The Nearby G Star Hd 63935, N. Scarsdale, J. M. Akana Murphy, N. M. Batalha, I. J. M. Crossfield, C. D. Dressing, B. Fulton, A. W. Howard, D. Huber, H. Isaacson, S. R. Kane, E. A. Petigura, P. Robertson, A. Roy, L. M. Weiss, C. Beard, A. Behmard, A. Chontos, J. L. Christiansen, D. R. Ciardi, Z. R. Claytor, K. A. Collins, K. I. Collins, F. Dai, P. A. Dalba, D. Dragomir, T. Fetherolf, A. Fukui, S. Giacalone, E. J. Gonzales, M. L. Hill, L. A. Hirsch, Eric L.N. Jensen, M. R. Kosiarek, J. P. De Leon, J. Lubin, M. B. Lund, R. Luque, A. W. Mayo, T. Močnik, M. Mori, N. Narita, G. Nowak, E. Pallé, M. Rabus, L. J. Rosenthal, R. A. Rubenzahl, J. E. Schlieder, A. Shporer, K. G. Stassun, J. Twicken, G. Wang, D. A. Yahalomi, J. Jenkins, D. W. Latham, G. R. Ricker, S. Seager, R. Vanderspek, J. N. Winn

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We present the discovery of two nearly identically sized sub-Neptune transiting planets orbiting HD 63935, a bright (V = 8.6 mag), Sun-like (Teff = 5560 K) star at 49 pc. TESS identified the first planet, HD 63935 b (TOI-509.01), in Sectors 7 and 34. We identified the second signal (HD 63935 c) in Keck High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer and Lick Automated Planet Finder radial velocity data as part of our follow-up campaign. It was subsequently confirmed with TESS photometry in Sector 34 as TOI-509.02. Our analysis of the photometric and radial velocity data yielded a robust detection …

Go to article

Toi-1518b: A Misaligned Ultra-Hot Jupiter With Iron In Its Atmosphere, S. H. C. Cabot, A. Bello-Arufe, J. M. Mendonça, R. Tronsgaard, I. Wong, G. Zhou, L. A. Buchhave, D. A. Fischer, K. G. Stassun, V. Antoci, D. Baker, A. A. Belinski, B. Benneke, L. G. Bouma, J. L. Christiansen, K. A. Collins, M. V. Goliguzova, S. Hagey, J. M. Jenkins, Eric L.N. Jensen, R. C. Kidwell Jr., D. Laloum, B. Massey, K. K. Mcleod, D. W. Latham, E. H. Morgan, G. Ricker, B. S. Safonov, J. E. Schlieder, S. Seager, A. Shporer, J. C. Smith, G. Srdoc, I. A. Strakhov, G. Torres, J. D. Twicken, R. Vanderspek, M. Vezie, J. N. Winn Nov 2021

Toi-1518b: A Misaligned Ultra-Hot Jupiter With Iron In Its Atmosphere, S. H. C. Cabot, A. Bello-Arufe, J. M. Mendonça, R. Tronsgaard, I. Wong, G. Zhou, L. A. Buchhave, D. A. Fischer, K. G. Stassun, V. Antoci, D. Baker, A. A. Belinski, B. Benneke, L. G. Bouma, J. L. Christiansen, K. A. Collins, M. V. Goliguzova, S. Hagey, J. M. Jenkins, Eric L.N. Jensen, R. C. Kidwell Jr., D. Laloum, B. Massey, K. K. Mcleod, D. W. Latham, E. H. Morgan, G. Ricker, B. S. Safonov, J. E. Schlieder, S. Seager, A. Shporer, J. C. Smith, G. Srdoc, I. A. Strakhov, G. Torres, J. D. Twicken, R. Vanderspek, M. Vezie, J. N. Winn

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We present the discovery of TOI-1518b—an ultra-hot Jupiter orbiting a bright star (V = 8.95). The transiting planet is confirmed using high-resolution optical transmission spectra from EXPRES. It is inflated, with Rp = 1.875 ± 0.053 RJ, and exhibits several interesting properties, including a misaligned orbit (240.34 (+0.93)/(-0.98) degrees) and nearly grazing transit (b = 0.9036 (+0.0061)/(-0.0053)). The planet orbits a fast-rotating F0 host star (Teff ≃ 7300 K) in 1.9 days and experiences intense irradiation. Notably, the TESS data show a clear secondary eclipse with a depth of 364 ± 28 ppm …

Go to article

The Solar Memory From Hours To Decades, Markus J. Aschwanden, Jay R. Johnson Nov 2021

The Solar Memory From Hours To Decades, Markus J. Aschwanden, Jay R. Johnson

Faculty Publications

Waiting-time distributions allow us to distinguish at least three different types of dynamical systems, including (i) linear random processes (with no memory); (ii) nonlinear, avalanche-type, nonstationary Poisson processes (with memory during the exponential growth of the avalanche rise time); and (iii) chaotic systems in the state of a nonlinear limit cycle (with memory during the oscillatory phase). We describe the temporal evolution of the flare rate λ(t) ∝ t p with a polynomial function, which allows us to distinguish linear (p ≈ 1) from nonlinear (p  2) events. The power-law slopes α of the observed waiting times (with full …

Go to article

Correcting Correlation Functions For Redshift-Dependent Interloper Contamination, Daniel J. Farrow, Ariel G. Sánchez, Robin Ciardullo, Shun Saito, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website. Nov 2021

Correcting Correlation Functions For Redshift-Dependent Interloper Contamination, Daniel J. Farrow, Ariel G. Sánchez, Robin Ciardullo, Shun Saito, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The construction of catalogues of a particular type of galaxy can be complicated by interlopers contaminating the sample. In spectroscopic galaxy surveys this can be due to the misclassification of an emission line; for example in the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) low-redshift [O ii] emitters may make up a few per cent of the observed Ly α emitter (LAE) sample. The presence of contaminants affects the measured correlation functions and power spectra. Previous attempts to deal with this using the cross-correlation function have assumed sources at a fixed redshift, or not modelled evolution within the adopted redshift bins. …

Go to article

Comparison Of Charge Deposition Profiles In Polymers Irradiated With Monoenergetic Electrons: Pulsed Electroacoustic Measurements And Af-Numit3 Modeling, Zachary Gibson, Jr Dennison, Brian Beecken Nov 2021

Comparison Of Charge Deposition Profiles In Polymers Irradiated With Monoenergetic Electrons: Pulsed Electroacoustic Measurements And Af-Numit3 Modeling, Zachary Gibson, Jr Dennison, Brian Beecken

Physics Student Research

Successful spacecraft design and charging mitigation techniques require precise and accurate knowledge of charge deposition profiles. This paper compares models of charge deposition and transport using a venerable deep dielectric charging code, AF-NUMIT3, with direct measurements of charge profiles via pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) measurements. Eight different simulations were performed for comparison to PEA experiments of samples irradiated by 50 keV or 80 keV monoenergetic electrons in vacuum and at room temperature. Two materials, polyether-ether ketone (PEEK) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), were chosen for their very low conductivities so that minimal charge migration would occur between irradiation and PEA measurements. PEEK was …

Go to article

Generating Music With Sentiments, Chunhui Bao Nov 2021

Generating Music With Sentiments, Chunhui Bao

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

In this thesis, I focus on the music generation conditional on human sentiments such as positive and negative. As there are no existing large-scale music datasets annotated with sentiment labels, generating high-quality music conditioned on sentiments is hard. I thus build a new dataset consisting of the triplets of lyric, melody and sentiment, without requiring any manual annotations. I utilize an automated sentiment recognition model (based on the BERT trained on Edmonds Dance dataset) to "label'' the music according to the sentiments recognized from its lyrics. I then train the model of generating sentimental music and call the method Sentimental …

Go to article

Plankton Dynamic At Eastern Arabian Gulf And Sea Of Oman, Muzna Mohammed Saeed Al Junaibi Nov 2021

Plankton Dynamic At Eastern Arabian Gulf And Sea Of Oman, Muzna Mohammed Saeed Al Junaibi

Theses

The present study is part of the collaborative research project entitled “Comparative Analysis and Predictions of Algal Blooms in the Arabian Gulf and the Sea of Oman”, between the United Arab Emirates University and Sultan Qaboos University (Grant # G00002684- 31S321), in which simultaneous and intensive biweekly plankton and water samples were collected from two opposite coastal stations off the Strait of Hormuz with the aim to study plankton dynamics at the Arabian Gulf and the Sea of Oman and the effect of environmental parameters on their community structures during the period from May 2018 until May …

Go to article

Biological Treatment Of Produced Water Using Algae: A Proof Of Concept, Shibin Nadersha Nov 2021

Biological Treatment Of Produced Water Using Algae: A Proof Of Concept, Shibin Nadersha

Theses

Produced water (PW) is the effluent generated during oil mining and extraction. On average, for every barrel of oil, 4 - 5 barrels of PW are generated worldwide. In UAE, 1.22 billion cubic meters of PW were generated in the year 2017. Proper management of PW is thus very important taking into account the large volumes of it being generated. In addition, PW is considered toxic as it contains various contaminants such as aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, inorganic salts, metals, phenols, radioactive materials, and chemical additives. Disposal of untreated PW into oceans and water bodies can cause adverse effects on …

Go to article

Studying Neurotoxic Effects Of Three Synthetic Insecticides And Two Herbal Infusions On The Nervous System Of The Fruit Fly Drosophila Melanogaster, Sara Khamis Obaid Hamarain Al Dhaheri Nov 2021

Studying Neurotoxic Effects Of Three Synthetic Insecticides And Two Herbal Infusions On The Nervous System Of The Fruit Fly Drosophila Melanogaster, Sara Khamis Obaid Hamarain Al Dhaheri

Theses

Pesticides applied on plants and animals can reach the human diet once they enter food chains. Insecticides are neurotoxic agents; they have the potential of causing damage to the nervous system in people. The damage could induce or promote neurodegenerative diseases such as the Parkinson’s and Alzheimer's. It is well-documented that the exposure to the insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) stimulate the Parkinson disease in humans and experimental animals. Thus, this research project will study effect of three synthetic insecticides pirimicarb, tefluthrin, and CPF on the nervous system of Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism. In addition, the project will evaluate the …

Go to article

Automated Detection Of Marine Glacier Calving Fronts Using The 2-D Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima Segmentation Method, Julia Liu, Ellyn M. Enderlin, Hans-Peter Marshall, Andre Khalil Nov 2021

Automated Detection Of Marine Glacier Calving Fronts Using The 2-D Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima Segmentation Method, Julia Liu, Ellyn M. Enderlin, Hans-Peter Marshall, Andre Khalil

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Changes in the calving front position of marine-terminating glaciers strongly influence the mass balance of glaciers, ice caps, and ice sheets. At present, quantification of frontal position change primarily relies on time-consuming and subjective manual mapping techniques, limiting our ability to understand changes to glacier calving fronts. Here we describe a newly developed automated method of mapping glacier calving fronts in satellite imagery using observations from a representative sample of Greenland’s peripheral marine-terminating glaciers. Our method is adapted from the 2-D wavelet transform modulus maxima (WTMM) segmentation method, which has been used previously for image segmentation in biomedical and other …

Go to article

Why Do People Become Addicted: Towards A Theoretical Explanation For Eyal's Experiment-Based Hook Model, Christopher Reyes, Vladik Kreinovich Nov 2021

Why Do People Become Addicted: Towards A Theoretical Explanation For Eyal's Experiment-Based Hook Model, Christopher Reyes, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Why do people become addicted, e.g., to gambling? Experiments have shown that simple lotteries, in which we can win a small prize with a certain probability, and not addictive. However, if we add a second possibility -- of having a large prize with a small probability -- the lottery becomes highly addictive to many participants. In this paper, we provide a possible theoretical explanation for this empirical phenomenon.

Go to article

Decision Making Under Uncertainty: Cases When We Only Know An Upper Bound Or A Lower Bound, Toshiki Kamio, Gavin Baechle, Vladik Kreinovich Nov 2021

Decision Making Under Uncertainty: Cases When We Only Know An Upper Bound Or A Lower Bound, Toshiki Kamio, Gavin Baechle, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In situations when we have a perfect knowledge about the outcomes of several situations, a natural idea is to select the best of these situations. For example, among different investments, we should select the one with the largest gain. In practice, however, we rarely know the exact consequences of each action. In some cases, we know the lower and upper bounds on the corresponding gain. It has been proven that in such cases, an appropriate decision is to use Hurwicz optimism-pessimism criterion. In this paper, we extend the corresponding results to the cases when we only know an upper bound …

Go to article

Using Covalent Modifications To Distinguish Protein Electrospray Mechanisms: Charged Residue Model (Crm) Vs. Chain Ejection Model (Cem), Lars Konermann, Douglas J. D. Pimlott Nov 2021

Using Covalent Modifications To Distinguish Protein Electrospray Mechanisms: Charged Residue Model (Crm) Vs. Chain Ejection Model (Cem), Lars Konermann, Douglas J. D. Pimlott

Chemistry Publications

Different mechanisms have been proposed for the formation of gaseous protein ions during electrospray ionization (ESI). In the charged residue model (CRM) ions are produced upon nanodroplet evaporation to dryness. This mechanism is thought to dominate in native ESI, where proteins retain compact conformations, with charge states close to the Rayleigh charge of protein-sized aqueous droplets. Much higher charge states are generated from proteins that are unfolded in solution. The chain ejection model (CEM) has been proposed for ESI under such denaturing conditions. In the CEM proteins are gradually expelled, while mobile H+ equilibrate between the droplet and its …

Go to article

Apportioning Deformation Among Depth Intervals In An Aquifer System Using Insar And Head Data, Ryan G. Smith, Hossein Hashemi, Jingyi Chen, Rosemary Knight Nov 2021

Apportioning Deformation Among Depth Intervals In An Aquifer System Using Insar And Head Data, Ryan G. Smith, Hossein Hashemi, Jingyi Chen, Rosemary Knight

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Land surface subsidence due to excessive groundwater pumping is an increasing concern in California, USA. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a remote sensing technique for measuring centimeter-to-millimeter surface deformation at 10-100 m spatial resolution. Here, a data-driven approach that attributes deformation to individual depth intervals within an aquifer system by integrating head data acquired from each of three screened intervals in a monitoring well with InSAR surface deformation measurements was developed. The study area was the Colusa Basin in northern Central Valley. To reconstruct the surface deformation history over the study area, 13 ALOS-PALSAR scenes acquired between 2006 and …

Go to article

Mongooses (Urva Auropunctata) As Reservoir Hosts Of Leptospira Species In The United States Virgin Islands, 2019–2020, Hannah M. Cranford, A. Springer Browne, Karen Lecount, Tammy Anderson, Camila Hamond, Linda Schlater, Tod Stuber, Valicia J. Burke-France, Marissa Taylor, Cosme J. Harrison, Katia Y. Matias, Alexandra Medley, John Rossow, Nicholas Wiese, Leanne Jankelunas, Leah De Wilde, Michelle Mehalick, Gerard L. Blanchard, Keith R. Garcia, Alan S. Mckinley, Claudia D. Lombard, Nicole F. Angeli, David Horner, Thomas Kelley, David J. Worthington, Jennifer Valiulis, Bethany Bradford, Are Berentsen, Johanna S. Salzer, Renee Galloway, Ilana J. Schafer, Kristine Bisgard, Joseph Roth, Brett R. Ellis, Esther M. Ellis, Jarlath E. Nally Nov 2021

Mongooses (Urva Auropunctata) As Reservoir Hosts Of Leptospira Species In The United States Virgin Islands, 2019–2020, Hannah M. Cranford, A. Springer Browne, Karen Lecount, Tammy Anderson, Camila Hamond, Linda Schlater, Tod Stuber, Valicia J. Burke-France, Marissa Taylor, Cosme J. Harrison, Katia Y. Matias, Alexandra Medley, John Rossow, Nicholas Wiese, Leanne Jankelunas, Leah De Wilde, Michelle Mehalick, Gerard L. Blanchard, Keith R. Garcia, Alan S. Mckinley, Claudia D. Lombard, Nicole F. Angeli, David Horner, Thomas Kelley, David J. Worthington, Jennifer Valiulis, Bethany Bradford, Are Berentsen, Johanna S. Salzer, Renee Galloway, Ilana J. Schafer, Kristine Bisgard, Joseph Roth, Brett R. Ellis, Esther M. Ellis, Jarlath E. Nally

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

During 2019–2020, the Virgin Islands Department of Health investigated potential animal reservoirs of Leptospira spp., the bacteria that cause leptospirosis. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated Leptospira spp. exposure and carriage in the small Indian mongoose (Urva auropunctata, syn: Herpestes auropunctatus), an invasive animal species. This study was conducted across the three main islands of the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), which are St. Croix, St. Thomas, and St. John. We used the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), fluorescent antibody test (FAT), real-time polymerase chain reaction (lipl32 rt-PCR), and bacterial culture to evaluate serum and kidney specimens and compared the …

Go to article

Rooting Out Genetic Structure Of Invasive Wild Pigs In Texas, Anna M. Mangan, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Michael J. Bodenchuk, Courtney F. Pierce, Timothy J. Smyser Nov 2021

Rooting Out Genetic Structure Of Invasive Wild Pigs In Texas, Anna M. Mangan, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Michael J. Bodenchuk, Courtney F. Pierce, Timothy J. Smyser

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa), also called feral swine or wild hogs, are recognized as among the most destructive invasive species in the world. Throughout the United States, invasive wild pigs have expanded rapidly over the past 40 years with populations now established in 38 states. Of the estimated 6.9 million wild pigs distributed throughout the United States, Texas supports approximately 40% of the population and similarly bears disproportionate ecological and economic costs. Genetic analyses are an effective tool for understanding invasion pathways and tracking dispersal of invasive species such as wild pigs and have been used recently …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last