Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Purification And Activity Analysis Of A Highly Active Recombinant Catalase From Psychrophilic Bacterium Psychrobacter Cryohaloentis, Andrew Stewart

Honors Program Theses

To date, the genus Psychrobacter includes 37 recognized bacterial species isolated from different sources ranging from Siberian permafrost (P. cryohalolentis) to seal feces (P. lutiphocae). Due to its diverse ecological niches, several species belonging to the genus have different enzymatic activities with potential applications in bioremediation and the food industry. In this study, a bioprospecting approach was used to perform a in depth analysis of a Psychrobacter-like bacterial strain isolated from goose feces (designated as Psychrobacter unknown). The phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene and homologous sequence studies suggest that the strain may represent a novel species of the Psychrobacter …

On Bakhvalov-Type Meshes For A Linear Convection-Diffusion Problem In 2d, Thái Ahn Nhan, Vinh Quang Mai

Mathematics and Computer Science

For singularly perturbed two-dimensional linear convection-diffusion problems, although optimal error estimates of an upwind finite difference scheme on Bakhvalov-type meshes are widely known, the analysis remains unanswered (Roos and Stynes in Comput. Meth. Appl. Math. 15 (2015), 531--550). In this short communication, by means of a new truncation error and barrier function based analysis, we address this open question for a generalization of Bakhvalov-type meshes in the sense of Boglaev and Kopteva. We prove that the upwind scheme on these mesh modifications is optimal first-order convergence, uniformly with respect to the perturbation parameter, in the discrete maximum norm. Furthermore, we …

Thirty-Fourth Annual Symposium Of Trinity College Undergraduate Research, Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut

Science Symposia Abstracts

2021 annual volume of abstracts for science research projects conducted by students at Trinity College.

Seismic Imaging Of The Lithospheric Structure Beneath The Upper Midwestern United States, Anthony Guajardo

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The upper midwestern United States is located within the North American Craton. This area has not undergone major deformation and metamorphism since the latest rifting events in the late Precambrian to early Cambrian (0.55 to 0.53 Ga). However, this area is not completely absent of seismicity, and major structural geologic features are present, including the Wisconsin Arch, LaSalle Deformation Belt, northern part of the Illinois basin and, deeper, the presumed transition between the Yavapai and Mazatzal tectonic provinces. Since the late 1800s, approximately 30 felt earthquakes of magnitude 2 or greater have occurred within the study area. It is likely …

A Time Series Analysis Approach To Forecasting Covid-19 Cases And Deaths: An Analysis Of Covid-19 Data In Colombia, Andrea Jackson-Sagredo

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The novel Coronavirus, known as COVID-19 is a highly contagious and transmissible infectious disease that has taken a toll throughout the entire world for over a year. The inner workings and long term effects of COVID-19 continue to be misunderstood. While COVID-19 has impacted all countries tremendously, Latin American countries and specifically Colombia have been impacted significantly by the virus. This thesis investigates the potential to forecast COVID-19 cases and deaths using Time Series Analysis methods and models for the South American country of Colombia. Time series analysis on Colombian COVID-19 data begins with data processing on a data set …

Optimization Of Dynamic Objective Functions Using Path Integrals, Paramahansa Pramanik

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Path integrals are used to find an optimal strategy for a firm under a Walrasian system. We define dynamic optimal strategies and develop an integration method to capture all non-additive non-convex strategies. We also show that the method can solve the non-linear case, for example Merton-Garman-Hamiltonian system, which the traditional Pontryagin maximum principle cannot solve in closed form. Furthermore, we assume that the strategy space and time are inseparable with respect to a contract. Under this assumption we show that the strategy spacetime is a dynamic curved Liouville-like 2-brane quantum gravity surface under asymmetric information and that traditional Euclidean geometry …

Understanding Changes In Marine Communities Through A Discretized, Size-Structured Matrix Model, Courtney Swanson

Senior Seminars and Capstones

We study a discretized, size-structured matrix model which calculates population in a marine community over time. A portion of this model is a discretized version of the McKendrick-von Foerster equation, so we spend some time studying the process of discretizing that equation. We implement a mini model containing 10 size categories instead of the original 50, and we looked at how the marine community behaves over 40 years. We discuss some of the challenges when implementing this model.

Augmented Reality Headset Facilitates Exposure For Surgical Stabilization Of Rib Fractures, T. Sensing, Pratik Parikh, Claire Hardman, Thomas Wischgoll, Sadan Suneesh Menon

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Recent advances in augmented reality (AR) technology have made it more accessible, portable, and powerful. AR headsets differentiate themselves from virtual reality in that they allow the wearer an unobstructed view of the “real world” but with an image superimposed upon it. The technology has many potential applications in medicine, including surgical planning, simulation, and medical education. The aim of this project was to provide proof of concept that using an AR headset during surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) is feasible. We theorized that the use of AR could allow for more precise localization of fractures, allowing for smaller …

Pain Intensity Assessment In Sickle Cell Disease Patients Using Vital Signs During Hospital Visits, Swati Padhee, Amanuel Alambo, Tanvi Banerjee, Arvind Subramaniam, Daniel M. Abrams, Gary K. Nave, Nirmish Shah

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Pain in sickle cell disease (SCD) is often associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and high healthcare costs. The standard method for predicting the absence, presence, and intensity of pain has long been self-report. However, medical providers struggle to manage patients based on subjective pain reports correctly and pain medications often lead to further difficulties in patient communication as they may cause sedation and sleepiness. Recent studies have shown that objective physiological measures can predict subjective self-reported pain scores for inpatient visits using machine learning (ML) techniques. In this study, we evaluate the generalizability of ML techniques to data collected from …

A Unified Approach For Constructing Confidence Intervals And Hypothesis Tests Using H-Function, Weizhen Wang

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

We introduce a general method, named the h-function method, to unify the con- structions of level- exact test and 1− exact confidence interval. Using this method, any confidence interval is improved as follows: i) an approximate interval, including a point estimator, is modified to an exact interval; ii) an exact interval is refined to be an interval that is a subset of the previous one. Two real datasets are used to illustrate the method.

Coloring Permutation-Gain Graphs, Daniel Slilaty

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Correspondence colorings of graphs were introduced in 2018by Dvoˇr ́ak and Postle as a generalization of list colorings of graphswhich generalizes ordinary graph coloring. Kim and Ozeki observed thatcorrespondence colorings generalize various notions of signed-graph col-orings which again generalizes ordinary graph colorings. In this notewe state how correspondence colorings generalize Zaslavsky’s notionof gain-graph colorings and then formulate a new coloring theory ofpermutation-gain graphs that sits between gain-graph coloring and cor-respondence colorings. Like Zaslavsky’s gain-graph coloring, our newnotion of coloring permutation-gain graphs has well defined chromaticpolynomials and lifts to colorings of the regular covering graph of apermutation-gain graph

Predicting Act Scores From Ohio State Algebra I Assessment Results And Student Demographics, Jami Mullen

Master of Science in Mathematics

Students enrolled in a public school in the state of Ohio are required to take the Algebra I end of course assessment while enrolled in an Algebra I class and are required to take the ACT during the spring of their junior year. The Algebra I assessment is part of the Ohio graduation requirements with a specific score needed for graduation. Many colleges require an ACT score for entrance to their school and some college scholarships require a specific score to apply and/or receive the scholarship. Due to the necessity of certain scores on these assessments, educators and students are …

Consumers Perspectives On Using Biometric Technology With Mobile Banking, Rodney Alston Clark

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The need for applying biometric technology in mobile banking is increasing due to emerging security issues, and many banks’ chief executive officers have integrated biometric solutions into their mobile application protocols to address these evolving security risks. This quantitative study was performed to evaluate how the opinions and beliefs of banking customers in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States might influence their adoption of mobile banking applications that included biometric technology. The research question was designed to explore how performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), perceived credibility (PC), and task-technology fit (TTF) affected …

Meaningful Use Criteria And Staff Accountability In An Office Setting, Marcia Ionie Pender

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Proper documentation for meaningful use (MU) criteria within electronic health records (EHRs) was identified as an issue for office staff at a local primary care office in a metropolitan area of Central Florida. The project question addressed the local gap in knowledge about MU standards necessary to ensure correct documentation of EHRs. The purpose of this doctoral project was to provide an educational program for staff to ensure compliance with the HITECH Act of 2009. Lewin’s Change Theory and Knowles Theory of Adult learning were the conceptual foundations for the educational program. The project question was to determine whether a …

Stochastic Infection In Network Models With Applications To Pollution Analysis, Alexander Thor Wold

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The continued adoption and escalation of commercial surface extraction techniques threatens to contaminate adjacent river networks across the coal mining landscape. We look to simulate the movement of this pollution across connected graph structures using stochastic block model methodologies, fueled from work and theory derived from exponential random graph models. We begin our study by applying our virtual experiment to the motivating material, later offering an exhaustive walk through of the simulation itself. Afterwards, we present our findings and their implications to water pollution analysis, emphasizing a need for this research and expanding on some inferential statistics left for later …

Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of Instabilities In A Two-Mirror Fabry-Perot Resonator, Matthew J. Urfer

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Fabry-Perot cavities have a variety of applications in science and industry. Maintaining the stability of a Fabry-Perot cavity is paramount. A Fabry-Perot cavity requires such precision that, if the injected laser pulse is slightly misaligned or the eigenmodes of the cavity are slightly mismatched, the cavity will destabilize from the fundamental mode and begin to exhibit high order modal structure. Depending on their nature, small misalignments will couple to the first order Gaussian modes. This paper discusses the effects of these small misalignments, observed mode structures, as well as computational results from simulations of the optical system.

Computing Competencies For Undergraduate Data Science Curricula: Acm Data Science Task Force, Andrea Danyluk, Paul Leidig

Peer-Reviewed Publications

At the August 2017 ACM Education Council meeting, a task force was formed to explore a process to add to the broad, interdisciplinary conversation on data science, with an articulation of the role of computing discipline-specific contributions to this emerging field. Specifically, the task force would seek to define what the computing/computational contributions are to this new field, and provide guidance on computing-specific competencies in data science for departments offering such programs of study at the undergraduate level.

There are many stakeholders in the discussion of data science – these include colleges and universities that (hope to) offer data science …

Last Interglacial Climate From Dendostrea Frons Oysters, Verrill Island, Bermuda, Lillian Minnebo

Student Summer Scholars Manuscripts

The Bermuda Islands preserve carbonates recording many past changes in sea level, including multiple warm and cool geologic intervals. Several localities expose shell-rich deposits from the Last Interglacial (~125,000 years ago), a time broadly similar to climate today that can potentially serve as an analog for future conditions. Here, we use δ18O analyses of fossil mollusks to estimate past temperatures and seasonality and compare our data with those from other species.

Eight Dendostrea frons oysters were sampled along their growth axes to reconstruct seasonal temperature curves. We report a mean δ18O value of -0.51 ± 0.17‰, corresponding to a temperature …

“The Production Of Eight Plasmid Expression Vectors Through Gibson Assembly And The Optimization Of The Enzymatic Cleavage Reaction Between Tobacco Etch Virus (Tev) And The Model Fusion Protein, Nus-G”, Elizabeth Kennard

Student Summer Scholars Manuscripts

Snake envenomization is a neglected public health issue that effects large portions of the world, as venomous snakes are found on six continents (World Health Organization,2007). With 2-3 million people bitten globally every year leading to an estimated 125,000 deaths and 400,000 amputations, researching effective treatments is important. Several Mammalian species have a natural resistance to snake venom (Voss, R.S et al.,2012; Bastos, V.A. et al.,2016). The North American Opossum (D. virginiana) produces proteins that inhibit certain snake venom components including snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) and phospholipase 2As (PLA2s) (Catanese, J.J. et al.,1992; Perales, J. et al.,1994; Farah, M.D.F.L. et …

Elliptical Fourier Analysis Of Crown Shape In Permanent Mandibular Molars From The Late Neolithic Cave Burials Of Belgium, Frank L'Engle Williams, Juliet K. Brophy, Gregory J. Matthews

Mathematics and Statistics: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Prehistoric remains from caves and rockshelters are known from more than 250 sites situated along the Meuse River Basin of Belgium. Most of these osteological remnants date to the Late Neolithic period beginning after 4,500 years before present (BP), and five of these cave burials have been subject to intensive study, including Hastière Caverne M and Hastière Trou Garçon C from an earlier period of the Late Neolithic (4,345 ± 60 to 4,220 ± 45 years BP), Sclaigneaux and Bois Madame from the final/late Neolithic (4,155 ± 35 to 3,910 ± 40 years BP) and Maurenne Caverne de la Cave …

New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: Vibracore Logs And Sediment Data, Larry G. Ward, Rachel C. Morrison, Zachary S. Mcavoy, Maxlimer Coromoto Vallee-Anziani

Data Catalog

The "New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: Vibracore Logs and Sediment Data" contains complete core logs and sediment grain size data from twenty‐three vibracores taken on the New Hampshire shelf in 1984 and 1988. During the present program, the original core descriptions, data, and photographs were verified and significantly expanded, synthesized, and presented in uniform core logs.The vibracore logs, sediment data, and the depositional environments are discussed in detail in Ward et al., 2021 (https://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2021.26).

New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: 2002-2005 Jeffreys Ledge Field Campaign – Seafloor Photographs And Sediment Data, Larry G. Ward, Raymond E. Grizzle, Rachel C. Morrison

Data Catalog

Jeffreys Ledge is a major physiographic feature in the western Gulf of Maine (WGOM) located ~50 km off the coast of New Hampshire, although coming within ~10 km of shore by Cape Ann, Massachusetts. Jeffreys Ledge rises up as much as ~150 m from the seafloor of the adjacent basins (i.e., Scantum Basin or Wilkinson Basin) to depths less than 50 m on the ridge surface. The ridge extends over 100 km along its north-northeast to south-southwest axes while generally only being 5 to 10 km in width (~20 km maximum). Jeffreys Ledge and the surrounding region, like many features …

New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: 2012-2013 Newbex Field Campaign – Seafloor Photographs And Sediment Data, Larry G. Ward, Zachary S. Mcavoy, Rachel C. Morrison

Data Catalog

An approximately 4.5 km transect running from lower Portsmouth Harbor seaward onto the inner continental shelf was established to serve as the field site for the Newcastle Backscatter Experiment (NEWBEX). Acoustic backscatter measurements were made along the transect to examine relationships between backscatter and seafloor properties. This transect takes advantage of the diversity and heterogeneity of bottom types in lower Portsmouth Harbor and approach. In support of NEWBEX, a field campaign was undertaken to describe the sedimentologic characteristics of the seafloor along the transect. A total of five cruises were carried out approximately seasonally on November 26, 2012 and June …

New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: 2016-2017 Field Campaign – Seafloor Photographs, Larry G. Ward, Rachel C. Morrison, Zachary S. Mcavoy

Data Catalog

The "New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: 2016-2017 Field Campaign – Seafloor Photographs” was developed by the University of New Hampshire (UNH) Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping/Joint Hydrographic Center (CCOM/JHC). The field campaign was conducted to provide ground truth for surficial geology maps for the continental shelf off New Hampshire (NH) and focused on the inner shelf between the coast and the Isles of Shoals. Station locations were chosen where high-resolution bathymetry was available, including multibeam echosounder (MBES) surveys conducted by the UNH CCOM/JHC Hydrographic Field Course (Ocean Engineering 972), MBES surveys by the NOAA National Ocean Service (NOS), …

New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: 2016-2017 Field Campaign - Stations And Sediment Data, Larry G. Ward, Rachel C. Morrison, Zachary S. Mcavoy

Data Catalog

The "New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: 2016-2017 Field Campaign - Stations and Sediment Data" contains sediment grain size data from a major field campaign conducted in 2016-2017 and from the UNH Ocean Engineering 972 Hydrographic Field Course classes in 2012, 2014, and 2018. In total, sixteen one-day cruises provided 150 samples for grain size analysis. The database provides complete descriptions for each sample including identification, station and sample characteristics, sediment classifications, grain size statistics, and grain size distribution. Samples were analyzed with standard sieve and pipette analyses after Folk (1980). The sediment grain size classifications include: CMECS (Coastal and …

New Hampshire Continental Shelf Historical Geophysical Database: 1971 To 2015 - Sediment Data, Larry G. Ward, Rachel C. Morrison, Zachary S. Mcavoy, Maxlimer Coromoto Vallee-Anziani

Data Catalog

The UNH CCOM/JHC "New Hampshire Continental Shelf Historical Geophysical Database: 1971 to 2015 - Sediment Data" contains sediment grain size data and classifications from studies conducted between 1971 and 2015. In total, grain size data was available for 725 bottom sediment samples. Included are sample identification information, station and sample characteristics, sediment classifications, grain size statistics, and grain size distribution. Not all of these parameters were available for every study. Samples were analyzed with standard sieve and pipette analyses after Folk (1980). The sediment grain size classifications include: CMECS (Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard; FGDC, 2012); Gradistat (Blot and …

New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: 2016-2017 Field Campaign – Seafloor And Sample Photographs And Sediment Data, Larry G. Ward, Rachel C. Morrison, Zachary S. Mcavoy

Data Catalog

The "New Hampshire Continental Shelf Geophysical Database: 2016-2017 Field Campaign - Seafloor and Sample Photographs and Sediment Data " contains photographs of the seafloor from sampling locations, photographs of the sediment samples, and grain size data from a major field campaign conducted in 2016- 2017 and from the UNH Ocean Engineering 972 Hydrographic Field Course classes in 2012, 2014, and 2018. In total, sixteen one-day cruises provided 150 samples for grain size analysis. The database provides complete descriptions for each sample including identification, station and sample characteristics, sediment classifications, grain size statistics, and grain size distribution. Presented here are tables …

The Influence Of An Individual’S Disposition To Value Privacy In A Non-Contrived Study, John Marsh

CCE Theses and Dissertations

Unexpected usage of user data has made headlines as both governments and commercial entities have encountered privacy-related issues. Like other social networking sites, LinkedIn provides users to restrict access to their information or allow for public viewing; information available in the public view was used unexpectedly (i.e., profiling). A non-profit entity called ICWATCH used tools to gather information on government mass surveillance programs by scraping publicly accessible user data from LinkedIn. Previous research has shown that privacy concerns influence behavior intention in contrived scenarios. What remains unclear is whether LinkedIn users, whose data was scraped by ICWATCH (an actual situation), …

Orientation And Social Influences Matter: Revisiting Neutralization Tendencies In Information Systems Security Violation, Frank Curtis King

CCE Theses and Dissertations

It is estimated that over half of all information systems security breaches are due directly or indirectly to the poor security practices of an organization’s employees. Previous research has shown neutralization techniques as having influence on the intent to violate information security policy. In this study, we proposed an expansion of the neutralization model by including the effects of business and ethical orientation of individuals on their tendencies to neutralize and compromise with information security policy. Additionally, constructs from social influences and pressures have been integrated into this model to measure the impact on the intent to violate information security …

Neural Network Variations For Time Series Forecasting, David Ason

CCE Theses and Dissertations

Time series forecasting is an area of research within the discipline of machine learning. The ARIMA model is a well-known approach to this challenge. However, simple models such as ARIMA do not take into consideration complex relationships within the data and quite often fail to produce a satisfactory forecast. Neural networks have been presented in previous works as an alternative. Neural networks are able to capture non-linear relationships within the data and can deliver an improved forecast when compared to ARIMA models.

This dissertation takes neural network variations and applies them to a group of time series datasets found in …