Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Ideal Triangulation And Disc Unfolding Of A Singular Flat Surface, İsmai̇l Sağlam

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

An ideal triangulation of a singular flat surface is a geodesic triangulation such that its vertex set is equal to the set of singular points of the surface. Using the fact that each pair of points in a surface has a finite number of geodesics having length $\leq L$ connecting them, where $L$ is any positive number, we prove that each singular flat surface has an ideal triangulation provided that the surface has singular points when it has no boundary components, or each of its boundary components has a singular point. Also, we prove that such a surface contains a …

On $(K,N)$ Power Quasi-Normal Operators, Salah Mecheri, Aissa Nasli Bakir

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The aim of this paper is to present certain basic properties of some classes of nonnormal operators defined on a complex separable Hilbert space. Both of the normality of their integer powers and their relations with isometries are established. The ascent of such operators as well as other important related results are also established. The decomposition of such operators, their restrictions on invariant subspaces, and some spectral properties are also presented.

Moments And Zero Density Estimates For Dirichlet $L$-Functions, Keiju Sono

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we estimate the density of zeros of primitive Dirichlet $L$-functions in the half-plane $\Re (s)>1/2$, under the assumption of a plausible conjecture on high moments of Dirichlet $L$-functions on the critical line. We conditionally improve the results of Huxley [9], Jutila [13], Heath-Brown [5, 6] and Bourgain [1].

A Performance Assessment Of An Hdg Method For Second-Order Fredholm Integro-Differential Equation: Existence-Uniqueness And Approximation, Mehmet Fati̇h Karaaslan

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we obtain the existence--uniqueness of solution to the second-order linear Fredholm integro-differential equation (FIDE) with Dirichlet boundary condition by hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method. A key property of these methods is to eliminate all internal degrees of freedom and to construct a linear system that only includes globally coupled unknowns at the element interfaces. After designing and implementing HDG algorithm, we provide some necessary and sufficient conditions based on the stabilization parameter and kernel function to guarantee the existence-uniqueness of the approximate solution. Then, some numerical examples are carried out to assess the performance of the present …

On The Paper "Regular Equivalence Relations On Ordered $*$-Semihypergroups", Niovi Kehayopulu

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

If $(S,\circ,\le)$ is an ordered hypersemigroup, an equivalence relation $\rho$ on $S$ is called congruence if $(a,b)\in\rho$ implies $(a\circ x, b\circ x)\in\rho$ and $(x\circ a, x\circ b)\in\rho$ for every $x\in S$; in the sense that for every $u\in a\circ x$ there exists $v\in b\circ x$ such that $(u,v)\in\rho$ and for every $u\in x\circ a$ there exists $v\in x\circ b$ such that $(u,v)\in\rho$. It has been proved in Turk J Math 2021(5) [On the paper "A study on (strong) order-congruences in ordered semihypergroups"] that if $S$ is an ordered hypersemigroup, then there exists a congruence $\rho$ on $S$ such that $S/\rho$ …

Practical Stability Analysis Of Perturbed Fuzzy Control System Related To Unperturbed Fuzzy Control System, Coşkun Yakar, Betül Özbay Eli̇büyük

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The behavior of solutions of a perturbed fuzzy control system with respect to an original unperturbed fuzzy control system is investigated. Notions of practical stability, asymptotic stability and instability are introduced. Sufficient conditions of stability properties are given with the help of Lyapunov-like functions.

Establishing Behavioral Baselines For Computational Systems: Two Case Studies, John Henry Ring

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

The behavior of modern systems lives in a complex landscape that is unique to its particular application. In this work we describe and analyze the behavior of two modern computational systems: a Linux server and the National Market System (NMS). Though this work is diverse in both the type and scale of system under study, it is unified through the design and implementation of computationally tractable quantitative metrics aimed at defining the state of behavior of these systems. Understanding the behavior of these systems allows us to ensure their desired operation. In the case of a server we need to …

Analysis Of Dishman Hills Structure And Hydrogeology, Cole R. Mcgregor

Geosciences Student Work

The structural and hydrogeology of Dishman Hills Conservation Area was interpreted to gain a better picture of its interaction with the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie aquifer. The rock in this area is Precambrian Ravalli Group with granitic migmatites. This is due to exhumation causing decompression melting in between the bed layers. Other rocks such as amphibolite, gneiss, schist, quartzite, and phyllite are seen along with granitic dikes (WSDNR). This rock type covers all of the Dishman area and is Precambrian in age. Due to tectonic forces in the Spokane area, fractures have also formed within the Precambrian rock. Water will concentrate …

Investigation Of A Machine-Plant Interface For Extracting Rooted Invasive Aquatic Plants, Brad Baas

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The current solutions for managing rooted aquatic invasive plants are time consuming, have negative environmental impacts, or are cost-limiting for management organizations. The most effective treatment method is hand pulling, but hand pulling is not a feasible solution for a whole lake. A new device, the invasive aquatic plant extractor, aims to replace human divers who hand pull plants with a mechanical system. The device implements a machine-plant interface that resembles the tines of a fork. These tines will be pushed linearly through the substrate, and then raised from the substrate with the plant caught in the tines. The primary …

Local Climate Action Planning As A Tool To Harness The Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mitigation And Equity Potential Of Autonomous Vehicles And On-Demand Mobility, Serena Alexander, Asha Weinstein Agrawal, Benjamin Y. Clark

Mineta Transportation Institute

This report focuses on how cities can use climate action plans (CAPs) to ensure that on-demand mobility and autonomous vehicles (AVs) help reduce, rather than increase, green-house gas (GHG) emissions and inequitable impacts from the transportation system. We employed a three-pronged research strategy involving: (1) an analysis of the current literature on on-demand mobility and AVs; (2) a systematic content analysis of 23 CAPs and general plans developed by municipalities in California; and (3) a comparison of findings from the literature and content analysis of plans to identify opportunities for GHG emissions reduction and mobility equity.

Findings indicate that maximizing …

Using Beam Software To Simulate The Introduction Of On-Demand, Automated, And Electric Shuttles For Last Mile Connectivity In Santa Clara County, Gary Hsueh, David Czerwinski, Cristian Poliziani, Terris Becker, Alexandre Hughes, Peter Chen, Melissa Benn

Mineta Transportation Institute

Despite growing interest in low-speed automated shuttles, pilot deployments have only just begun in a few places in the U.S., and there is a lack of studies that estimate the impacts of a widespread deployment of automated shuttles designed to supplement existing transit networks. This project estimated the potential impacts of automated shuttles based on a deployment scenario generated for a sample geographic area: Santa Clara County, California. The project identified sample deployment markets within Santa Clara County using a GIS screening exercise; tested the mode share changes of an automated shuttle deployment scenario using BEAM, an open-source beta software …

What's In The Pan: An Evaluation Of Fragipan Evolution In Western Kentucky, Hannah Leigh Somerville

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The fragipan is a common diagnostic soil feature that does not follow a clear development path. Fragipans are found commonly throughout the southeastern US and cover 2.7 million acres in Kentucky alone. However prevalent, there is no currently accepted genesis theory for fragipans. In this study, we sought to better understand the formation of fragic features in Kentucky’s soils by evaluating fragipan characteristics across a sequence of pedons featuring varying degrees of fragipan development. We found that [Si/Al]_Dithionite, [Si/(Si + Al)]_Dithionite and Si_Dithionite concentration were all higher in well-developed fragipans, suggesting the involvement of an aluminosilicate …

Selenium Removal And Pollution Swapping Potentials Of Passive Anaerobic Bioreactors Receiving Coal Slurry Impoundment Wastes, Md Anik Mahmud

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Worldwide, selenium is a major contaminant of concern for coal and metal ore mining industries. In coal mining regions of the eastern USA, for example, billions of liters of wastewaters with elevated Se oxyanion concentrations (primarily SeO₄^2- and SeO₃^2-) are generated during coal washing which is often stored in > 700 man-made impoundments built into remote mountain valleys. Because impoundments are unlined systems, they tend to leak contents into nearby streams, which has detrimental effects on sensitive biota, particularly fish. The primary goal of this project was to evaluate the capacity of passive anaerobic bioreactors (PAB) …

Topographic Gradients In Bulk Soil Properties In Central Kentucky Karst Sinkholes, Anne Kathryn Mcgraw

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The Bluegrass physiographic region of Kentucky is underlain by the late Ordovician Lexington Limestone formation. This area has many identifiable karst features, including sinkholes. Karst sinkholes and associated soils coevolve, which may influence the distribution of bulk soil properties and storage of carbon across karst landscapes. Two sinkholes on the University of Kentucky’s C. Oran Little Animal Research Center in Woodford County, central Kentucky, were selected for analysis. We described and sampled nine pedons at the dominant landscape positions (e.g., summit, shoulder, backslope, footslope, and toeslope) within the two sinkholes; we characterized the physical, chemical, and mineralogical soil properties across …

The Role Of Symbiotic Algae In The Acclimatization Of Oculina Arbuscula To Ocean Acidification, Erin M. Arneson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ocean acidification (OA) caused by CO₂ emissions is projected to decrease seawater pH to 7.6 by 2100. Scleractinian corals are at risk because excess H⁺ in seawater binds to carbonate (CO₃^2-), reducing its availability for CaCO₃ skeletons. The energy demand for skeletal growth increases as pH decreases because corals must actively purge excess H⁺ from their seawater sourced calcifying fluid to maintain high calcification rates. In scleractinian corals it is hypothesized that photosynthesis by symbiotic algae is critical to meet this increased energy demand. To test this hypothesis, I conducted laboratory and field …

Understanding The Effects Of Complex Topography On Cover Crop Dynamics And Maize Production In Kentucky Agroecosystems, Samuel John Leuthold

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

In Central Kentucky, rolling hill cropland presents a number of challenges related to soil sustainability. Increased topographic complexity can lead to increased erosion, inefficient crop nutrient use and increased nutrient loss. Further, grain crop yields can be variable across both space and time in rolling hill fields and are less resilient to changes in weather conditions than flatter, more homogeneous areas. More than 30% of cropland in Kentucky has a slope greater than 3⁰, which means a large swath of the row crop production land in the state is at increased risk of contribution to soil and water resource degradation. …

Landslide Site Assessment And Characterization Using Remote Sensing Techniques, Batmyagmar Dashbold

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

Landslides are common and dangerous natural hazards that occur worldwide, often causing severe direct impacts on human lives, public and private properties. It is imperative to identify the landslide susceptible areas to avoid or mitigate the possible damage. Landslide prediction can be presented in a slope failure in spatial and/ or temporal terms. If it is presented in spatial term, it is considered a landslide susceptibility map (LSM) defined as the probability of spatial occurrence of slope failures. If it is presented in a combination of spatial and temporal distribution of the landslide susceptibility, it is commonly referred to as …

Can Generative Adversarial Networks Help Us Fight Financial Fraud?, Sean Mciver

Dissertations

Transactional fraud datasets exhibit extreme class imbalance. Learners cannot make accurate generalizations without sufficient data. Researchers can account for imbalance at the data level, algorithmic level or both. This paper focuses on techniques at the data level. We evaluate the evidence of the optimal technique and potential enhancements. Global fraud losses totalled more than 80 % of the UK’s GDP in 2019. The improvement of preprocessing is inherently valuable in fighting these losses. Synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) and extensions of SMOTE are currently the most common preprocessing strategies. SMOTE oversamples the minority classes by randomly generating a point between …

A Comparison Of Instructional Efficiency Models In Third Level Education, Murali Rajendran

Dissertations

This study investigates the validity and sensitivity of a novel model of instructional efficiency: the parabolic model. The novel model is compared against state-of-the-art models present in instructional design today; Likelihood model, Deviational model and Multidimensional model. This models is based on the assumption that optimal mental workload and high performance leads to high efficiency, while other models assume that low mental workload and high performance leads to high efficiency. The investigation makes use of two instructional design conditions: a direct instructions approach to learning and its extension with a collaborative activity. A control group received the former instructional design …

Improving A Network Intrusion Detection System’S Efficiency Using Model-Based Data Augmentation, Vinicius Waterkemper Lodetti

Dissertations

A network intrusion detection system (NIDS) is one important element to mitigate cybersecurity risks, the NIDS allow for detecting anomalies in a network which may be a cyberattack to a corporate network environment. A NIDS can be seen as a classification problem where the ultimate goal is to distinguish between malicious traffic among a majority of benign traffic. Researches on NIDS are often performed using outdated datasets that don’t represent the actual cyberspace. Datasets such as the CICIDS2018 address this gap by being generated from attacks and an infrastructure that reflects an up-to-date scenario.

A problem may arise when machine …

Multicomponent Fokas-Lenells Equations On Hermitian Symmetric Spaces, Vladimir Gerdjikov, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

Multi-component integrable generalizations of the Fokas-Lenells equation, associated with each irreducible Hermitian symmetric space are formulated. Description of the underlying structures associated to the integrability, such as the Lax representation and the bi-Hamiltonian formulation of the equations is provided. Two reductions are considered as well, one of which leads to a nonlocal integrable model. Examples with Hermitian symmetric spaces of all classical series of types A.III, BD.I, C.I and D.III are presented in details, as well as possibilities for further reductions in a general form.

A Method For Locating The Real Roots Of The Symbolic Quintic Equation Using Quadratic Equations, Emil Prodanov

Articles

A method is proposed with which the locations of the roots of the monic symbolic quintic polynomial $x^5 + a_4 x^4 + a_3 x^3 + a_2 x^2 + a_1 x + a_0$ can be determined using the roots of two {\it resolvent} quadratic polynomials: $q_1(x) = x^2 + a_4 x + a_3$ and $q_2(x) = a_2 x^2 + a_1 x + a_0$, whose coefficients are exactly those of the quintic polynomial. The different cases depend on the coefficients of $q_1(x)$ and $q_2(x)$ and on some specific relationships between them. The method is illustrated with the full analysis of one of …

Acceleration Of Boltzmann Collision Integral Calculation Using Machine Learning, Ian Holloway, Aihua W. Wood, Alexander Alekseenko

Faculty Publications

The Boltzmann equation is essential to the accurate modeling of rarefied gases. Unfortunately, traditional numerical solvers for this equation are too computationally expensive for many practical applications. With modern interest in hypersonic flight and plasma flows, to which the Boltzmann equation is relevant, there would be immediate value in an efficient simulation method. The collision integral component of the equation is the main contributor of the large complexity. A plethora of new mathematical and numerical approaches have been proposed in an effort to reduce the computational cost of solving the Boltzmann collision integral, yet it still remains prohibitively expensive for …

Polyesters With Main And Side Chain Phosphoesters As Structural Motives For Biocompatible Electrospun Fibres, André E. Polloni, Viviane Chiaradia, Ronaldo José F.C. Do Amaral, Cathal Kearney, Brian Gorey, Débora De Oliveira, José V. De Oliveira, Pedro H.H. De Araújo, Claudia Sayer, Andreas Heise

Articles

Phosphoester containing polymers are promising materials in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Utilising thiol-ene chemistry, the synthesis of two novel structural polymer motives combining polyesters and phophoester groups was explored. The first polymer was obtained by coupling ene-functional poly(thioether-phosphoester) with thiol functional poly(pentadecalactone). While the coupling reaction was successful, yields remained low presumably due to inadequate endgroup stoichiometry. The second polymer comprised phosphoester side groups conjugated to unsaturated poly(globalide). Double bond conversions up to 84% were achieved depending of the type of phosphoester thiol and relative reactant ratios. The resulting polymers transitioned from solid semicrystaline to liquid …

Evaluation Of Postoperative Refractive Error Correction After Cataract Surgery, Ellen Konadu Antwi-Adjei, Emmanuel Owusu, Emmanuel Kobia-Acquah, Emmanuella Esi Dadzie, Emmanuel Anarfi, Seth Wanye

Articles

Suboptimal cataract surgery outcomes remain a challenge in most developing countries. In Ghana, about 2 million people have been reported to be blind due to cataract with about 20% new cases being recorded yearly. The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative correction of refractive errors after cataract surgery in a selected eye hospital in Ashanti Region, Ghana. This was a retrospective study where medical records of patients (aged 40–100) who reported to an eye hospital in Ghana from 2013–2018 were reviewed. Included in the study were patients aged ≥40 years and patients with complete records. Data on patient …

Variation In Coral Thermotolerance Across A Pollution Gradient Erodes As Coral Symbionts Shift To More Heat-Tolerant Genera, Melissa S. Naugle, Thomas A. Oliver, Daniel J. Barshis, Ruth D. Gates, Cheryl A. Logan

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Phenotypic plasticity is one mechanism whereby species may cope with stressful environmental changes associated with climate change. Reef building corals present a good model for studying phenotypic plasticity because they have experienced rapid climate-driven declines in recent decades (within a single generation of many corals), often with differential survival among individuals during heat stress. Underlying differences in thermotolerance may be driven by differences in baseline levels of environmental stress, including pollution stress. To examine this possibility, acute heat stress experiments were conducted on Acropora hyacinthus from 10 sites around Tutuila, American Samoa with differing nutrient pollution impact. A threshold-based heat …

City Of Austin Nature And Science Internship, Finnick Hampton

College of the Environment Internship Reports

Nestled between the western edge of Zilker Park and the beginning of Zilker Nature Preserve, sits the Austin Nature & Science Center (ANSC) where I worked as a Wildlife Keeper from the months of June to September 2021. Since the 1960s, the Nature Center has provided nature education through hands-on activities, exhibits and programs. Their goal has been to foster curiosity and appreciation for the natural world, especially the native flora and fauna that live in our very own backyards. The site accomplishes this by focusing on engagement. Guests are encouraged to touch, examine, and interact with various natural objects, …

Integer Partitions Under Certain Finiteness Conditions, Tim Wagner

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

This dissertation focuses on problems related to integer partitions under various finiteness restrictions. Much of our work involves the collection of partitions fitting inside a fixed partition $\lambda$, and the associated generating function $G_{\lambda}$.

In Chapter 2, we discuss the flawlessness of such generating functions, as proved by Pouzet using the Multicolor Theorem. We give novel applications of the Multicolor Theorem to re-prove flawlessness of pure $O$-sequences, and show original flawlessness results for other combinatorial sequences. We also present a linear-algebraic generalization of the Multicolor Theorem that may have far-reaching applications.

In Chapter 3, we extend a technique due to …

A Transdisciplinary Analysis Of Just Transition Pathways To 100% Renewable Electricity, Adewale Aremu Adesanya

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The transition to using clean, affordable, and reliable electrical energy is critical for enhancing human opportunities and capabilities. In the United States, many states and localities are engaging in this transition despite the lack of ambitious federal policy support. This research builds on the theoretical framework of the multilevel perspective (MLP) of sociotechnical transitions as well as the concept of energy justice to investigate potential pathways to 100 percent renewable energy (RE) for electricity provision in the U.S. This research seeks to answer the question: what are the technical, policy, and perceptual pathways, barriers, and opportunities for just transition to …

Seismotectonic Interpretation Of An Expansive Set Of Earthquake Focal Mechanisms From First Motions And Amplitude Ratios On The Yellowstone Plateau, Cristhian Salas Pazmiño

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

We present high-quality focal mechanisms and stress inversions based on a refined earthquake location catalog for the Yellowstone Plateau. The relocation process is based on non-linear search techniques that use three-dimensional velocity models. The original catalog contained 18,940 events between January 2010 and March 2021 and was obtained from the University of Utah Seismograph Stations. We successfully relocate 7735 earthquakes and use this information to calculate the focal mechanisms by using two approaches. First, we only consider the P-wave first motion polarities and use the HASH program. For the second approach, we include the S-wave/P-wave amplitude ratios and evaluate if …