Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Evaluation Of Plant Functional Types Response To Grazing And Fertilizer Levels In Natural Grassland, Zélia M. S. Castilhos, V. D. Pillar

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

We report a study on a natural grassland experiment with the objective of finding optimal plant functional types (PFTs) for the description of vegetation response to levels of grazing (ungrazed, grazed) and fertilizer (with, without). The experiment was a split-plot design in randomized blocks, with three replications and the grazing levels in the main plots. Vegetation description was based on species composition and on 12 plant morphology attributes (life-form, growth-form, stem tissue type, leaf cross section, leaf texture, leaf dorsal epidermal surface, leaf ventral epidermal surface, spininess, leaf resistance, leaf width, plant height). Cover-abundance of species was visually estimated. By …

Mountain Pastures Structure And Its Relationship With Grazing, I. Albizu, S. Mendarte, G. Besga, I. Amezaga, M. Onaindia

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The present work aims toward an approach to mountain pastures as a system of relationships in which it is needed to point out those environmental factors that reflect more clearly their structure and potential productivity. This initial step of pasture tipification is important as a previous activity before the planning and management of protected areas because these areas support an intensive pastoral activity. In order to achieve this objective a field study was conducted in two areas in the Gorbeia Natural Park (Bizkaia): Arraba and Aldamiñape, located at 900-1100 masl. In each pasture four plots were selected according to orientation …

The Role Of Vimentin–Nuclear Interactions In Persistent Cell Motility Through Confined Spaces, Sarthak Gupta, Alison E. Patteson, J. M. Schwarz

Physics - All Scholarship

The ability of cells to move through small spaces depends on the mechanical properties of the cellular cytoskeleton and on nuclear deformability. In mammalian cells, the cytoskeleton is composed of three interacting, semi-flexible polymer networks: actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IF). Recent experiments of mouse embryonic fibroblasts with and without vimentin have shown that the IF vimentin plays a role in confined cell motility. Here, we develop a minimal model of a cell moving through a microchannel that incorporates explicit effects of actin and vimentin and implicit effects of microtubules. Specifically, the model consists of a cell with an actomyosin …

A New Generating Family Of Distributions: Properties And Applications To The Weibull Exponential Model, El-Sayed A. El-Sherpieny, Salwa Assar, Tamer Helal

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A new method for generating family of distributions was proposed. Some fundamental properties of the new proposed family include the quantile, survival function, hazard rate function, reversed hazard and cumulative hazard rate functions are provided. This family contains several new models as sub models, such as the Weibull exponential model which was defined and discussed its properties. The maximum likelihood method of estimation is using to estimate the model parameters of the new proposed family. The flexibility and the importance of the Weibull-exponential model is assessed by applying it to a real data set and comparing it with other known …

Using Ecological Diversity Analyses To Characterize The Availability Of Healthy Food And Socio-Economic Food Deserts, Annie Goyanes, J. Matthew Hoch

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

“Food deserts” are usually defined as geographic areas without local access to fresh, healthy food. We used community ecology statistics in supermarkets to quantify the availability of healthy food and to potentially identify food deserts as areas without a diverse selection of food, rather than a binary as to whether fresh food is present or not. We test whether produce diversity is correlated with neighborhood income or demographics. Abundance and diversity of fresh produce was quantified in supermarkets in Broward County, Florida, USA. Neighborhood income level and racial/ethnic makeup were retrieved from the U.S. Census and American Community Survey. Although …

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No abstract provided.

Waste Reduction At Wcu: Benchmarking Systems With The Atlas Zero Waste Program, Amy Maxcy

Sustainability Research & Practice Seminar Presentations

Ms Amy Maxcy, Office of Sustainability - Waste Reduction at WCU: Benchmarking Systems with the Atlas Zero Waste Program

Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (Dune) Near Detector Conceptual Design Report, V. Hewes, Adam Abed Abud, Roberto Acciarri, Mario Acero, Giorge Adamov, David Adams, Marco Adinolfi, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, Zubayer Ahmad, Jhanzeb Ahmed, Tyler Alion, Saul Andrew Alton, Pablo Amedo, John Anderson, Costas Andreopoulos, Michael P. Andrews, Fenompanirina Andrianala, Sofia Andringa, Nikolay Anfimov, Artur Ankowski, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international, world-class experiment aimed at exploring fundamental questions about the universe that are at the forefront of astrophysics and particle physics research. DUNE will study questions pertaining to the preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of supernovae, the subtleties of neutrino interaction physics, and a number of beyond the Standard Model topics accessible in a powerful neutrino beam. A critical component of the DUNE physics program involves the study of changes in a powerful beam of neutrinos, i.e., neutrino oscillations, as the neutrinos propagate a long distance. …

Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (Dune) Near Detector Conceptual Design Report, A. Abed Abud, B. Abi, R. Acciarri, M. A. Acero, G. Adamov, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, A. Aduzskiewicz, Z. Ahmad, J. Ahmed, T. Alion, S. Alonso Monsalve, M. Alrashed, C. Alt, A. Alton, P. Amedo, J. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. P. Andrews, F. Andrianala, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international, world-class experiment aimed at exploring fundamental questions about the universe that are at the forefront of astrophysics and particle physics research. DUNE will study questions pertaining to the preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of supernovae, the subtleties of neutrino interaction physics, and a number of beyond the Standard Model topics accessible in a powerful neutrino beam. A critical component of the DUNE physics program involves the study of changes in a powerful beam of neutrinos, i.e., neutrino oscillations, as the neutrinos propagate a long distance. …

Dr. Adam Daigneault Testimony To The House Committee On Small Business Subcommittee On Underserved, Agricultural, And Rural Development Hearing On “Sustainable Forestry’S Role In Climate Solutions”, Adam Daigneault

General University of Maine Publications

Adam Daigneault, University of Maine E.L. Giddings Associate Professor of Forest Policy and Economics, testified Sept. 29 before a U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Small Business Subcommittee on Underserved, Agricultural, and Rural Development, chaired by Maine Rep. Jared Golden.

A focus of the hearing was the role of sustainable forestry and how small businesses across this sector are helping to address climate change. Daigneault, whose research focuses on modelling economic impacts of environmental policy on the forestry and agricultural sectors, spoke about how we can manage U.S. forests for carbon, timber and other ecosystem services, and how we can …

Draft Final Rmap Aware Early Head Start Soil Remedial Action Work Plan (Rawp), Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Insufficiently Reclaimed Sites - Field Sampling And Investigation Plan (Fsp) Bres No. 104 - Colorado Dump, Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Intelligent Optimization Algorithm-Based Path Planning For A Mobile Robot, Qisong Song, Shaobo Li, Jing Yang, Qiang Bai, Jianjun Hu, Xingxing Zhang, Ansi Zhang

Faculty Publications

The purpose of mobile robot path planning is to produce the optimal safe path. However, mobile robots have poor real-time obstacle avoidance in local path planning and longer paths in global path planning. In order to improve the accuracy of real-time obstacle avoidance prediction of local path planning, shorten the path length of global path planning, reduce the path planning time, and then obtain a better safe path, we propose a real-time obstacle avoidance decision model based on machine learning (ML) algorithms, an improved smooth rapidly exploring random tree (S-RRT) algorithm, and an improved hybrid genetic algorithm-ant colony optimization (HGA-ACO). …

Growth Of Invasive Plant Species Communities As A Substantial Issue In Post-Mining Land Development, Paweł Olszewski

Journal of Sustainable Mining

This article concerns the issue of the appearance and growth of invasive plant species in land degraded by hard coal mining and the repercussions of this process, particularly in the context of land reclamation. These species, such as Canadian goldenrod or Japanese knotweed, which nearly always form extensive and monocultural patches of vegetation, contribute to the displacement of both native species and those introduced as part of biological restoration. In 2015, the Central Mining Institute in Katowice prepared a land development concept for a part of the area of the former KWK Paryż mine in Dąbrowa Górnicza (Upper Silesian Industrial …

Structure And Function Vegetation Conditions By Grazing Processes In A Humid Pampean Grassland (Argentina), O. E. Ansín, Estrella M. Oyhamburu, E. A. Hoffmann, M. A. Eirin

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Expressed changes were evaluated as consequence of the cattle grazing, or their exclusion, in the structure of plant communities of the Flooding Pampa. We center our interest in the species numbers, plant cover, species diversity and forage availability. The treatments were: a) continuous grazing, b) enclosure grazing and c) controlled grazing. The enclosure grazing area was installed two years before starting the measurements. In the continuous grazing St. Augustine grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum Walt.) holds its initial cover of 64 % and dallis grass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.) the 15 %. In the enclosure grazing S. secundatum decreased its cover …

Impact Of Grazing Management Strategies On Carbon Sequestration In A Semi-Arid Rangeland, Usa, J. D. Reeder, G. E. Schuman, J. A. Morgan, D. R. Lecain, R. H. Hart

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The effects of 12 years of grazing management strategies on carbon (C) distribution and sequestration were assessed on a semi-arid mixed-grass prairie in Wyoming, USA. Five grazing treatments were evaluated: non-grazed exclosures; continuous, season-long grazing at a light (22 steer-days ha^-1) stocking rate; and, rotationally-deferred, short-duration rotation, and continuous, season-long grazing, all three at a heavy stocking rate (59 steer-days ha^-1). Non-grazed exclosures exhibited a large buildup of dead plant material (72% of total aboveground plant matter) and forb biomass represented a large component (35%) of the plant community. Stocking rate, but not grazing strategy, changed …

Nitrogen Dynamics From Decomposing Litter Of Panicum Maximum With Different Nitrogen And Phosphorus Content In Brazilian Alfissol, R. M. Schunke, J. C. Kiehl, Valdinei T. Paulino, S. Urquiaga, R. M. Bodey, B. Alves

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this study was to measure the dynamics (immobilization and release) of N and to evaluate the effect of the initial chemical composition of four Panicum maximum cultivars grown in a Alfisol and fertilized with different levels of nitrogen (0, 80 e 160 kg ha^-1 de N) and phosphorus (0 e 200 kg ha^-1), on the release of the N from the litter using the litterbags technique. There was an increase in the litter initial concentration of N with time of decomposition. The Aruana and Vencedor cultivars released about 70 and 60% of N; respectively, …

Contribution Of Dairy Cow Manure To Soil Fertility And Nutrient Redistribution In Pastures, S. R. Aarons, C. R. O'Connor, M. Hall, C. J. P. Gourley

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The effects of dairy cow manure on soil fertility were investigated at the site of the long-term phosphorus rate by stocking rate farmlet experiment at the Dairy Research Institute, Ellinbank, in Victoria. Manure increased extractable soil P (Olsen) in the 0 - 5 cm layer after 60 days to 61 mg/kg compared with values of 32 mg/kg in the control soils. Extractable soil K (Colwell) almost doubled under manure pads to 5 cm depth from 642 mg/kg in control soils to 1226 mg/kg in manure treated soils. The effects of grazing management on nutrient redistribution and pasture growth within strip-grazed …

Jmasm 55: Matlab Algorithms And Source Codes Of 'Cbnet' Function For Univariate Time Series Modeling With Neural Networks (Matlab), Cagatay Bal, Serdar Demir

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) can be designed as a nonparametric tool for time series modeling. MATLAB serves as a powerful environment for ANN modeling. Although Neural Network Time Series Tool (ntstool) is useful for modeling time series, more detailed functions could be more useful in order to get more detailed and comprehensive analysis results. For these purposes, cbnet function with properties such as input lag generator, step-ahead forecaster, trial-error based network selection strategy, alternative network selection with various performance measure and global repetition feature to obtain more alternative network has been developed, and MATLAB algorithms and source codes has been …

Megafauna Of The German Exploration Licence Area For Seafloor Massive Sulphides Along The Central And South East Indian Ridge (Indian Ocean), Klaas Gerdes, Terue Cristina Kihara, Pedro Martínez Arbizu, Thomas Kuhn, Ulrich Schwarz-Schampera, Christopher L. Mah, Jon L. Norenburg, Thomas D. Linley, Kate Shalaeva, Enrique Macpherson, Dennis Gordon, Sabine Stöhr, Charles G. Messing, Simon Bober, Theresa Guggolz, Magdalini Christodoulou, Andrey Gebruk, Antonina Kremenetskaia, Andreas Kroh, Karen Sanamyan, Kathrin Bolstad, Leon Hoffman, Andrew J. Gooday, Tina Molodtsova

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Background

The growing interest in mineral resources of the deep sea, such as seafloor massive sulphide deposits, has led to an increasing number of exploration licences issued by the International Seabed Authority. In the Indian Ocean, four licence areas exist, resulting in an increasing number of new hydrothermal vent fields and the discovery of new species. Most studies focus on active venting areas including their ecology, but the non-vent megafauna of the Central Indian Ridge and South East Indian Ridge remains poorly known.

In the framework of the Indian Ocean Exploration project in the German license area for seafloor massive …

Incorporating Molecular Markers And Causal Structure Among Traits Using A Smith-Hazel Index And Structural Equation Models, Juan Valente Hidalgo-Contreras, Josafhat Salinas-Ruiz, Kent M. Eskridge, Stephen P. Baenziger

Department of Statistics: Faculty Publications

The goal in breeding programs is to choose candidates that produce offspring with the best phenotypes. In conventional selection, the best candidate is selected with high genotypic values (unobserved), in the assumption that this is related to the observed phenotypic values for several traits. Multi-trait selection indices are used to identify superior genotypes when a number of traits are to be considered simultaneously. Often, the causal relationship among the traits is well known. Structural equation models (SEM) have been used to describe the causal relationships among variables in many biological systems. We present a method for multi-trait genomic selection that …

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Managing The Energy Trilemma In The Philippines, Josef Teofisto T. Yap, Aaron Joseph P. Gabriola, Chrysogonus F. Herrera

Ateneo School of Government Publications

Background

The transition to an energy mix with lower carbon emissions is hampered by the existence of the so-called Energy Trilemma. The primary consequence is a trade-off between various objectives of energy policy, e.g., equity and sustainability. This conflict can lead to policy gridlock if policymakers are unable to prioritize the goals. This paper proposes a framework and methodology to manage the trilemma by applying methods related to multi-criteria decision-making in order to assign weights to the various components of the trilemma.

Results

Following the International Energy Agency (IEA), an expanded concept of energy security is adopted and translates to …

Guía Metodológica De Diseño De Sistemas Estructurales Con Arriostramientos De Acero Estructural, Daniel Andrés Cordero Mendoza

Ingeniería Civil

Los sistemas estructurales arriostrados tipo: Pórticos Arriostrados Concéntricamente (PAC), Pórtico Arriostrado Excéntricamente (PAE) y Pórtico Arriostrado de Pandeo Restringido (PAPR); se diseñan con el fin de proporcionar a un edificio un aumento en la resistencia y rigidez lateral y así evitar el colapso de una estructura debido a grandes fuerzas de sismo. Sin embargo, la información existente sobre estos sistemas no está centralizada, no hay ejemplos matemáticos guías y no hay un texto en el cual se aborde el paso a paso del diseño. La presente investigación consiste en el desarrollo de una guía metodológica que exhiba todos los elementos …

Characterization Of A Nitro-Forming Enzyme Involved In Fosfazinomycin Biosynthesis, Hannah Valentino, Pablo Sobrado

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

N-hydroxylating monooxygenases (NMOs) are a subclass of flavin-dependent enzymes that hydroxylate nitrogen atoms. Recently, unique NMOs that perform multiple reactions on one substrate molecule have been identified. Fosfazinomycin M (FzmM) is one such NMO, forming nitrosuccinate from aspartate (Asp) in the fosfazinomycin biosynthetic pathway in someStreptomycessp. This work details the biochemical and kinetic analysis of FzmM. Steady-state kinetic investigation shows that FzmM performs a coupled reaction with Asp (kcat, 3.0 ± 0.01 s-1) forming nitrosuccinate, which can be converted to fumarate and nitrite by the action of FzmL. FzmM displays a 70-fold higherkcat/KMvalue for NADPH compared to NADH and has …

Physical And Mental Disabilities Among The Gender-Diverse Population Using The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Brfss (2017–2019): A Propensity-Matched Analysis, Jennifer R. Pharr, Kavita Batra

Environmental & Occupational Health Faculty Publications

This propensity-matched analysis utilized the publicly available Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2017–2019) data to compare the burden of disabilities among transgender/non-binary (TGNB) and cisgender groups. The groups were matched (1:1 ratio) on demographic variables using Nearest Neighborhood Matching. Categorical variables were compared among groups using a Chi-square analysis to test differences in the proportions. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was fit to predict the likelihood of the physical and mental disabilities among the TGNB group compared with the cisgender group while controlling for healthcare access factors, income, and employment. Survey weights were included in the model to account for the …

Some Topics In Leavitt Path Algebras And Their Generalizations., Mohan R. Dr.

Doctoral Theses

The purpose of this section is to motivate the historical development of Leavitt algebras, Leavitt path algebras and their various generalizations and thus provide a context for this thesis. There are two historical threads which resulted in the definition of Leavitt path algebras. The first one is about the realization problem for von Neumann regular rings and the second one is about studying algebraic analogs of graph C ∗ -algebras. In what follows we briefly survey these threads and also introduce important concepts and terminology which will recur throughout.

Oxidation Alters The Architecture Of The Phenylalanyl-Trna Synthetase Editing Domain To Confer Hyperaccuracy, Pooja Srinivas, Rebecca E. Steiner, Ian J. Pavelich, Ricardo Guerrera-Ferreira, Puneet Juneja, Michael Ibba, Christine M. Dunham

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

High fidelity during protein synthesis is accomplished by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs). These enzymes ligate an amino acid to a cognate tRNA and have proofreading and editing capabilities that ensure high fidelity. Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) preferentially ligates a phenylalanine to a tRNA^Phe over the chemically similar tyrosine, which differs from phenylalanine by a single hydroxyl group. In bacteria that undergo exposure to oxidative stress such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, tyrosine isomer levels increase due to phenylalanine oxidation. Several residues are oxidized in PheRS and contribute to hyperactive editing, including against mischarged Tyr-tRNA^Phe, despite these oxidized residues not …

Comparing Leibniz With Newton, Peter C. Kaemingk

Agora

This essay attempts to analyze the differences between the calculus systems of Newton and Leibniz, mainly regarding the foundations and justifications of their art of calculus.