Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Surface Heating Efficiency Of Atmospheric Energy Flux Events During Arctic Winter, Christopher Joseph Cardinale

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The flux of moist static energy (MSE) into the polar regions plays a key role in the energy budget and climate of the polar regions. While usually studied from a vertically integrated perspective (Fwall), this dissertation examines its vertical structure, using the NASA-MERRA-2 reanalysis to compute climatological and anomalous fluxes of sensible, latent, and potential energy across 70◦N and 65◦S. This dissertation applies an energy budget analysis to winter-season synoptic periods of increased tropospheric (Ftrop) and stratospheric (Fstrat) energy flux convergence events and examines the processes that drive Arctic anoma lous surface warming and sea ice loss during Ftrop events. …

Discrimination Between Human And Non-Human Blood Using Raman Spectroscopy And A Self-Reference Algorithm For Forensic Purposes : Method Expansion And Validation, Harrison Dickler

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Determining whether the origin of a bloodstain is human or non-human is an important capability of a forensic investigation. In their pioneering work, Bian et al. (Journal of biomedical optics, 2017) introduced a self-reference peak algorithm for the analysis of bloodstain Raman spectra and demonstrated a great potential of this approach for differentiating human and nonhuman blood. However, this work only used three non-human species in the creation of their model. This study investigates the capability of a self-referencing peak algorithm to discriminate between human and 18 non-human species based on the Raman spectra of blood samples. The intensity ratios …

Methodology Studies For Dearomatized Dimer And Beta-Lactone-Mediated Native Chemical Ligation In Organic Synthesis, Xinhao Fan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Chapter 1: Dimers of naphthalenol derivatives were synthesized by photocatalysis, cobalt(II) acetylacetonate. Several functional groups were tolerant of its skeleton. This novel dimer was connected through a reversible sigma bond. Its reversibility was confirmed by chiral HPLC and 1H-NMR experiments. Through EPR and Stern-Volmer quenching experiments, we proposed the reaction mechanism. The reversibility property can be potentially beneficial in polymers, self-healing, and memory materials.Chapter 2: We report an epimerization-free native chemical ligation reaction by β-lactone-mediated peptides. This approach can achieve Thr-Xaa efficiently and rapidly. Besides, it has a broad side-chain tolerance. Through the competition reaction experiment, it was demonstrated that …

Synthesis Of Oligonucleotides Containing Unnatural Backbone And Regulation Of Crispr Activity Using Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Chemistry, Alyssa Hoy

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This thesis describes the synthesis of an oligonucleotide containing an unnatural neutralbackbone. The backbone was constructed using bio-orthogonal inverse electron demand Diels- Alder chemistry between trans-cyclooctene (TCO) and tetrazine (Tz). A TCO phosphoramidite was synthesized and attached to solid support for strand propagation. Uridine monomers containing either bis-TCO or bis-Tz were also synthesized. The oligonucleotide strand was formed by sequential ligation of the bis-Tz and bis-TCO monomers. The oligonucleotide was analyzed using mass spectrometry. This thesis also describes the synthesis of sgRNAs containing non-canonical nucleobases, m1A, m6A, s2U and s4U using the ‘split-and-click’ methodology. The synthetic sgRNAs were assembled using …

Understanding Changes In Precipitation, Wildfires, And Possible Governing Factors Over Central Equatorial Africa, Yan Jiang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Tropical rainforests are global epicenters of biodiversity and modulators of climate. A long-term drying trend has occurred in the Congo Basin since the 1980s and this raises great concerns for sustaining the Congolese rainforest and local rain-fed agriculture. Motivated by documented rainfall changes and the need to improve understanding of main factors influencing precipitation variability and changes in Central Equatorial Africa (CEA), this dissertation conducts synthesized studies on 1) quantifying variations in precipitation seasonality by focusing on dry season duration, 2) estimating cascading wildfire risks associated with changes in precipitation patterns, and estimating impacts of 3) the tropical Indian Ocean …

A Novel Phase And Spectroscopic Imaging Technique To Evaluate Cellular Functions, Ting Chean Khoo

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This thesis presents the application of Raman spectroscopy, digital holographic microscope (DHM) and transport intensity equation (TIE) in imaging biological samples. Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive technique that can provide chemical structure, concentration, temperature, and molecular interactions. On the other hand, DHM and TIE provide physical measurements such as height, width, area and volume.We applied Raman spectroscopy to study iron-bound transferrin (Tf) in intact human breast cancer cells. Iron is an essential element required for human life and is highly regulated in the body. As the exact mechanisms of iron-bound Tf in cells are not well known, we developed a …

A Synoptic-Dynamic Analysis Of The Structure And Evolution Of Persistent North Pacific Wintertime Ridge Regimes, Tyler Christopher Leicht

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Along the west coast of North America (NA), a majority of the precipitation for the entire year falls during winter as a result of approximately a dozen cyclones or atmospheric rivers. However, persistent upper-level ridges can prevent the occurrence of wintertime precipitation events and lead to extended drought, significant water shortages, and adverse economy-wide impacts for major population centers in California. An increased understanding of the dynamical and thermodynamical processes that govern upper-level ridge formation, persistence, and dissipation during the rainy season along western NA would allow decision makers to better manage water resources and motivates this thesis. Persistent upper-level …

Development And Applications Of Touch Chemistry Biometrics Analysis Of Latent Fingermarks By Maldi-Ms, Cameron M. Longo

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Fingerprint evidence has long been a pillar of forensic science and has been used for over a century as a means of identifying an individual. This is accomplished through the comparison of friction ridge patterns, which are inherently unique to each individual, and the practice of visualizing fingerprints and comparing them has become a well-studied field. While these techniques have been optimized and improved over time, they generally rely only on the physical pattern to provide information about the donor, and not the content of the fingerprint material itself. In the modern era, steps have been made to extract from …

X Ray Phase And Coherent Scatter Imaging Measurements, Mahboob Ur Rehman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In conventional radiography, anatomical information of the patients can be obtained, distinguishing different tissue types, e.g. bone and soft tissue. However, it is difficult to obtain appreciable contrast between two different types of soft tissues. Instead, coherent x-ray scattering can be utilized to obtain images which can differentiate between normal and cancerous cells of breast. An x-ray system using a conventional source and simple slot apertures was tested. Materials with scatter signatures that mimic breast cancer were buried in layers of fat of increasing thickness and imaged. The result showed that the contrast and signal to noise ratio (SNR) remained …

Uio-Type Metal-Organic Framework Derivatives As Sorbents For The Detection Of Gas-Phase Explosives, Matthew Ryan Sherrill

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The detection of energetic compounds – better known to the public as explosives – has is an important cornerstone of counterterrorism and homeland security . While significant advances have been achieved for the detection of trace explosives in various matrices such as soil, wastewater, and clothing, the detection of explosives in the gas phase remains challenging due to their infamously low vapor pressures. In this thesis, we leverage the high sensitivity of direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) and the microporosity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to adsorb and therefore concentrate explosives from the vapor phase and subsequently detect them …

Photopolymers : Environmentally Benign Technology For A Variety Of Industries, Tatyana Tarasevich

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Photopolymerization is a well-known process with applications in a variety of industries. Photopolymers are formed by a reaction of monomers or oligomers, photoinitiators and in some cases crosslinkers. Upon irradiation with UV or visible light, monomers undergo conformational change to form polymers via a photochemical process. Several photopolymerization types will be discussed in this thesis. End products of photopolymerizations included epoxies, inks, coatings, photoresists, etc.

The Urban Heat Island Of Bengaluru, India : Characteristics, Trends, And Mechanisms, Heather Samantha Sussman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The urban heat island (UHI) effect refers to how urban surfaces tend to be warmer than nearby non-urban areas due to less vegetation and other processes. UHIs can increase the risk of heat and respiratory illnesses. Since every city is unique, UHIs should be studied on a local-scale. One particular city that has not had its UHI comprehensively evaluated is Bengaluru, India. Bengaluru was once known as the “Garden City” of India due to a wide presence of gardens and public parks, but is now known as the “Silicon City” of India due to the overwhelming presence of the information …

System Measurements For X-Ray Phase And Diffraction Imaging, Erik Wolfgang Tripi

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In medical imaging, X rays are used to look inside the body to find fractures in bones, abnormal masses, cavities in teeth, and so on. What makes X rays so good at looking at these types of structures is the X ray’s penetration power. When imaging soft tissue to search for tumors, X-ray images tend to have difficulty performing well. The reason for this is that the background structures, such as fat or fibro glandular tissue have similar absorption coefficients as the tumor. Mammography tends to have a high false positive rate and can miss tumors entirely as well. There …

Sampling Distribution Of Non-Overlap Indices Using Bootstrapping Procedure : A Monte Carlo Simulation Study And Empirical Demonstration, Xinyun Xu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Statistics can be either parametric or non-parametric, depending on whether distributional assumptions about the data and sampling distributions are required. Parametric and non-parametric approaches each include a variety of inferential methods. These methods can be seen in the field of single-case experimental design (SCED). By reviewing one of the most used groups of statistics for SCED research (Jamshidi et al., 2022; Maggin et al., 2011), the non-overlap indices, one major issue arose. It is challenging to make inferences and interpretations about non-overlap indices. The main reason for this issue is that non-overlap indices have inconsistent and unknown sampling distributions (under …

Soft Set Product Extended To Hypersoft Set And Indetermsoft Set Product Extended To Indetermhypersoft Set, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper we define the Soft Set Product as a product of many soft sets and afterwards we extend it to the HyperSoft Set. Similarly, the IndetermSoft Product is extended to the IndetermHyperSoft Set. We also present several applications of the Soft Set Product to Fuzzy (and fuzzy-extensions) Soft Set Product and to IndetermSoft Set and IndetermHyperSoft Set.

Tractor Test 2253: John Deere 9rx 590, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Tractor Test 2252: John Deere 9rx 540, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Tractor Test 2251: John Deere 9rx 490, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Tractor Test 2250: John Deere 9rt 570, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Tractor Test 2249: John Deere 9rt 520, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 2260: John Deere 9r 490, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 2259: John Deere 9r 440, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Test 2255: John Deere 5100m, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary 1242s: Fendt 514 Vario Gen3 Diesel, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Existence And Transportation Inequalities For Fractional Stochastic Differential Equations, Abdelghani Ouahab, Mustapha Belabbas, Johnny Henderson, Fethi Souna

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this work, we establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a fractional stochastic differential equation driven by countably many Brownian motions on bounded and unbounded intervals. Also, we study the continuous dependence of solutions on initial data. Finally, we establish the transportation quadratic cost inequality for some classes of fractional stochastic equations and continuous dependence of solutions with respect Wasserstein distance.

Properties Of Abelian-By-Cyclic Shared By Soluble Finitely Generated Groups, Fares Gherbi, Nadir Trabelsi

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Our main result states that if $G$ is a finitely generated soluble group having a normal Abelian subgroup $A$, such that $G/A$ and $\left\langle x,a\right\rangle $ are nilpotent (respectively, finite-by-nilpotent, periodic-by-nilpotent, nilpotent-by-finite, finite-by-supersoluble, supersoluble-by-finite) for all $(x,a)\in G\times A$, then so is $G$. We deduce that if $\mathfrak{X}$ is a subgroup and quotient closed class of groups and if all $2$-generated Abelian-by-cyclic groups of $\mathfrak{X}$ are nilpotent (respectively, finite-by-nilpotent, periodic-by-nilpotent, nilpotent-by-finite, finite-by-supersoluble, supersoluble-by-finite), then so are all finitely generated soluble groups of $\mathfrak{X}$. We give examples that show that our main result is not true for other classes of groups, …

Multiplicative Conformable Fractional Dirac System, Sertaç Göktaş, Hi̇kmet Kemaloğlu, Emrah Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In multiplicative fractional calculus, the well-known Dirac system in fractional calculus is redefined. The aim of this study is to analyze some spectral properties such as self-adjointness of the operator, structure of all eigenvalues, orthogonality of distinct eigenfunctions, etc. for this system. Moreover, Green's function in multiplicative case is reconstructed for this system.

A New Approach To Word Standardization And Some Of Its Applications, Wesam Talab

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this article, we study word standardization in comparison to Young tableau standardization. We count the number of words (respectively Young tableau) standardized to a given permutation (respectively to a given standard Young tableau). We prove that both rectification and standardization applications commute and show that the standardization commutes with the insertion of Robinson--Schensted. We show that the standardizations of Knuth-equivalent two words are also Knuth equivalent. Finally, using word standardization we establish a proof for the following well-known equality: $$ \forall l \in \left\lbrace 0,1,\ldots,n-1\right\rbrace ,~~\left \langle {n\atop l} \right \rangle=d_{n,l}=a_{n,l}= \sum_{0\leq k \leq l}(-1)^k { n+1 \choose k …

Some Convergence, Stability, And Data Dependence Results For $K^{\Ast }$ Iterative Method Of Quasi-Strictly Contractive Mappings, Ruken Çeli̇k, Neci̇p Şi̇mşek

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In a recent paper, Yu et al. obtained convergence and stability results of the $K^{\ast }$ iterative method for quasi-strictly contractive mappings [An iteration process for a general class of contractive-like operators: Convergence, stability and polynomiography. AIMS Mathematics 2021; 6 (7): 6699-6714.]. To guarantee these convergence and stability results, the authors imposed some strong conditions on parametric control sequences which are used in the $K^{\ast }$ iterative method. The aim of the presented work is twofold: (a) to recapture the aforementioned results without any restrictions imposed on the mentioned parametric control sequences (b) to complete the work of Yu et …

Mathematical Reasoning: Writing And Proof (Pretext Edition), Ted Sundstrom

Open Textbooks

Mathematical Reasoning: Writing and Proof is a text for the first college mathematics course that introduces students to the processes of constructing and writing proofs and focuses on the formal development of mathematics.

Mathematical Reasoning: Writing and Proof (PreTeXt Edition) was developed as part of the Accelerating Open Educational Resources Initiative at Grand Valley State University, with support from the University Libraries and the President's Innovation Fund.

Mathematical Reasoning: Writing and Proof was written by Ted Sundstrom, Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at Grand Valley State University. This textbook was converted into PreTeXt by Ian Curtis, Editorial Assistant for the …