Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Web-Based Platform For Analysis Of Rna Folding From High Throughput Chemical Probing Data, Christopher Jurich, Amir Brivanlou, Silvi Rouskin, Joseph D. Yesselman

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

RNA structures play critical roles in regulating gene expression across all domains of life and viruses. Chemical probing methods coupled with massively parallel sequencing have revolutionized the RNA structure field by enabling the assessment of many structures in their native, physiological context. Previously, we developed Dimethyl-Sulfate-based Mutational Profiling and Sequencing (DMS-MaPseq), which uses DMS to label the Watson-Crick face of open and accessible adenine and cytosine bases in the RNA. We used this approach to determine the genome-wide structures of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 in infected cells, which permitted uncovering new biology and identifying therapeutic targets. Due to the simplicity and …

Comparison Effect On Biogas Production From Vegetable And Fruit Waste With Rumen Digesta Through Co-Digestion Process, Anika Tasnim, Muhammad Rashed Al Mamun, Md Anwar Hossen, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Md Janibul Alam Soeb

Department of Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications

Biogas is the best renewable energy as it can be produced from any biomass for example any plant or living organism. The purpose of this research was to produce biomethane from co-digestion of vegetable and fruit waste with rumen digesta through anaerobic digestion process. In this research, two trials of experiment were conducted. Each trial has three different sample with different mixing ratios. Raw materials used in the experiment was rumen digesta of goat and cow, potato, capsicum, cucumbers, onions, radish, cauliflower, carrot, leafy vegetables, apple, banana, and papaya. In each sample, 1200 gram of raw materials were used. Hydraulic …

Advances And Applications In High-Dimensional Heuristic Optimization, Samuel Alexander Vanfossan

Doctoral Dissertations

“Applicable to most real-world decision scenarios, multiobjective optimization is an area of multicriteria decision-making that seeks to simultaneously optimize two or more conflicting objectives. In contrast to single-objective scenarios, nontrivial multiobjective optimization problems are characterized by a set of Pareto optimal solutions wherein no solution unanimously optimizes all objectives. Evolutionary algorithms have emerged as a standard approach to determine a set of these Pareto optimal solutions, from which a decision-maker can select a vetted alternative. While easy to implement and having demonstrated great efficacy, these evolutionary approaches have been criticized for their runtime complexity when dealing with many alternatives or …

Synthesis, Characterization And Chemistry Of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides And Nitrides (Mxenes), Shuohan Huang

Doctoral Dissertations

"MXenes represent a relatively new and quickly growing family of two-dimensional (2D) early transition-metal carbides and nitrides first synthesized in 2011 from bulk layered crystalline MAX phases. Because of their 2D structure and unique combination of high conductivity and hydrophilicity, MXenes have raised a significant interest for various applications. However, it has been found that in some cases colloidal MXene flakes are not stable and can spontaneously degrade on a time scale from hours to days. In this work, we investigate the crucial factors for MXene degradation and demonstrate gas analysis as a powerful method to gain further insights into …

Synthesis And Process Optimization Of Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer, Cup, Particle Formation, And Its Interfacial Surface Tension Behavior, Ashish Zore

Doctoral Dissertations

"Colloidal Unimolecular Polymer (CUP) particles are 3-9 nm size single-chain polymer nanoparticles that are made from amphiphilic acrylic co-polymers using the process of water reduction. The formation of CUP particles was driven by the polymer-polymer interactions being greater than polymer-solvent interactions as well as the charge-charge repulsion due to the increasing dielectric of the medium. CUPs provide a surfactant or additive-free nanoparticle system that was useful for studying the interfacial behavior of pure aqueous nanoparticles using a maximum bubble pressure tensiometer. The equilibrium surface tension shows a dependence on concentration and the charge density of the CUP particle. The equilibrium …

Persistent Stealthy Attacks And Their Detection In Large Distributed Cyber-Physical Systems, Simon Bech Thougaard

Doctoral Dissertations

"Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are increasingly targeted by attackers using a wide and evolving array of methods. When these systems are distributed, every node represents a potential vulnerability, and secure system design must take this into account. Distributed CPSs also have the potential to better detect and handle attacks, by leveraging redundancies of physical measurements between adjacent nodes. The main purpose of this research is to determine the conditions that render a distributed CPS more resistant to attacks, and the conditions that render it more vulnerable. The work is centered around two separate applications: The Smart Grid and Autonomous Drone Swarms. …

Depositional Conditions, Stratigraphic Evolution, And Allo- And Autogenic Controls Of Lower Permian Non-Marine Carbonate Rocks, Lucaogou Low-Order Cycle, Bogda Mountains, Nw China, Yiran Lu

Doctoral Dissertations

"The overall objective of this study is to interpret the depositional conditions of lacustrine carbonate deposits of the lower Permian Lucaogou low-order cycle in the greater Turpan-Junggar continental rift basin, NW China. The depositional environments of ten carbonate lithofacies in the Tarlong-Taodonggou half graben and the Zhaobishan section were interpreted. Allo- and autogenic factors were identified. They controlled characteristics and distribution pattern of carbonate deposits in regional and local scale, respectively. Allogenic factors include the amount and direction of regional siliciclastic input, basin geometry, cyclic humidity/aridity oscillation, temperature, and regional tectonics. Autogenic factors include local siliciclastic input, local topography, local …

Integrated Gradients Is A Nonlinear Generalization Of The Industry Standard Approach To Variable Attribution For Credit Risk Models, Jonathan Boardman, Md Shafiul Alam, Xiao Huang, Ying Xie

Published and Grey Literature from PhD Candidates

In modern society, epistemic uncertainty limits trust in financial relationships, necessitating transparency and accountability mechanisms for both consumers and lenders. One upshot is that credit risk assessments must be explainable to the consumer. In the United States regulatory milieu, this entails both the identification of key factors in a decision and the provision of consistent actions that would improve standing. The traditionally accepted approach to explainable credit risk modeling involves generating scores with Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) - usually logistic regression, calculating the contribution of each predictor to the total points lost from the theoretical maximum, and generating reason codes …

Towards Exchanging Wearable-Pghd With Ehrs: Developing A Standardized Information Model For Wearable-Based Patient Generated Health Data, Abdullahi Abubakar Kawu, Dympna O'Sullivan, Lucy Hederman

Articles

Wearables have become commonplace for tracking and making sense of patient lifestyle, wellbeing and health data. Most of this tracking is done by individuals outside of clinical settings, however some data from wearables may be useful in a clinical context. As such, wearables may be considered a prominent source of Patient Generated Health Data (PGHD). Studies have attempted to maximize the use of the data from wearables including integrating with Electronic Health Records (EHRs). However, usually a limited number of wearables are considered for integration and, in many cases, only one brand is investigated. In addition, we find limited studies …

On-Road Vehicle Emission Measurements And Their Use In Evaluating Emission Control Effectiveness {Presentation}, Gary A. Bishop

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

No abstract provided.

The Art Of Poetry And Its Place In The History Of The Coordinating Research Councils Real World Emissions Workshop {Poster}, Gary A. Bishop

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

No abstract provided.

Toward A Student-Ready Cybersecurity Program: Findings From A Survey Of Stem-Students, Lora Pitman, Brian K. Payne, Tancy Vandecar-Burdin, Lenora Thorbjornsen

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

As the number of available cybersecurity jobs continues to grow, colleges strive to offer to their cybersecurity students an environment which will make them sufficiently prepared to enter the workforce after graduation. This paper explores the academic and professional needs of STEM-students in various higher education institutions across Virginia and how cybersecurity programs can cater to these needs. It also seeks to propose an evidence-based approach for improving the existing cybersecurity programs so that they can become more inclusive and student-ready. A survey of 251 college students in four higher-education institutions in Virginia showed that while there are common patterns …

Several Problems In Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations, Tim Van Hoose

Masters Theses

“We study several different problems related to nonlinear Schrödinger equations….

We prove several new results for the first equation: a modified scattering result for both an averaged version of the equation and the full equation, as well as a set of Strichartz estimates and a blowup result for the 3d cubic problem.

We also present an exposition of the classical work of Bourgain on invariant measures for the second equation in the mass-subcritical regime”--Abstract, page iv.

Using Lake Sediment Chemistry In The Exploration For Nickel Laterite Deposits In Tropical Regions, Gabriela Yvonne Ramirez

Masters Theses

"Developing reliable geochemical indicators to guide the search for ore deposits is a long-standing goal. This particularly applies to tropical regions that are often heavily vegetated which hampers boots-on-the ground exploration efforts. Here we present the preliminary results of a study that investigates the usefulness of lake sediment chemistry in the exploration for nickel laterite ore deposits in tropical regions using Lake Izabal, Guatemala, as a case study. Lake Izabal’s catchment area contains Ni laterite deposits along its northern shore, whereas no Ni-laterite discoveries have been made in the south except for a Ni mine in the southern region that …

Impact Of Sleep And Training On Game Performance And Injury In Division-1 Women’S Basketball Amidst The Pandemic, Samah Senbel, S. Sharma, S. M. Raval, Christopher B. Taber, Julie K. Nolan, N. S. Artan, Diala Ezzeddine, Kaya Tolga

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

We investigated the impact of sleep and training load of Division - 1 women’s basketball players on their game performance and injury prediction using machine learning algorithms. The data was collected during a pandemic-condensed season with unpredictable interruptions to the games and athletic training schedules. We collected data from sleep monitoring devices, training data from coaches, injury reports from medical staff, and weekly survey data from athletes for 22 weeks.With proper data imputation, interpretable feature set, data balancing, and classifiers, we showed that we could predict game performance and injuries with more than 90% accuracy. More importantly, our F1 and …

A Surrogate Model Of Molecular Dynamics Simulations For Polar Fluids: Supervised Learning Methods For Molecular Polarization And Unsupervised Methods For Phase Classification, Zackerie W. Hjorth

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation is a standard computational tool in soft matter physics. While very powerful, it is computationally expensive, leading to some simulations taking days or even weeks to complete depending on the size of your computer cluster. Finding computationally cheap surrogate models which can learn the output features of MD simulation is therefore highly motivated. In this report I explore the use of deep neural network ensembles as well as support vector machine regressors as surrogate models for MD simulation. From the output of the surrogate models, we can then employ unsupervised learning methods to get insight into …

Preliminary Studies Of Background Rejection Capabilities For The Southern Wide−Field Gamma−Ray Observatory, Sonali Mohan

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO), is a next-generation
gamma-ray observatory to be constructed in the Southern Hemisphere that will com-
plement current and future instruments by providing a wide-field coverage of a large
portion of the southern sky and a better sensitivity to the 100 GeVs to few PeVs
photon band to understand extreme astrophysical phenomena throughout the uni-
verse. Air shower events initiated by gamma rays will be recorded by the detector
and reconstructed to extract shower properties. The challenge for air-shower arrays
in the observation of gamma-ray sources is the large background of hadronic cos-
mic rays. …

Thermomechanical Evolution Of A Magmatic System During A Caldera Cycle: Okataina Volcanic Center, New Zealand, Jacob Bonessi

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Caldera forming eruptions represent some of the largest simultaneous releases of mass and energy on the planet and pose a looming risk on a global scale. The study of the underlying magmatic systems is integral in understanding what leads to these large eruptions. This approach pairs a suite of major and trace element profiles from plagioclase with a grain texture classification and statistical analysis using Polytopic Vector Analysis (PVA) as proxies to explore potential changes in the thermomechanical state of the magmatic system at Okataina Volcanic Complex (OVC), New Zealand through its most recent caldera cycle. Results indicate systematic changes …

Virtual Machine Introspection Tool Design Analysis, Justin Martin

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Virtual machines are an integral part of today’s computing world. Their use is widespread and applicable in many different computing fields. With virtual machines, the ability to introspect and monitor is often overlooked or left unimplemented. Introspection is used to gather information about the state of virtual machines as they operate. Without introspection, verbose log data and state information is unavailable after unexpected errors or crashes occur. With introspection, this data can be analyzed further to determine the true cause of the unexpected crash or error. Therefore, introspection plays a critical role in portraying accurate historical information regarding the operating …

Multilevel Computational Investigation Into The Dynamics And Reaction Mechanisms Of Non-Heme Iron And 2-Oxoglutarate Dependent Enzymes, Shobhit Sanjeev Chaturvedi

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Computational chemistry methods have been extensively applied to investigate biological systems. This dissertation utilizes a multilevel computational approach to explore the dynamics and reaction mechanisms of two groups of enzymes belonging to non-heme Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent superfamily – histone lysine demethylases from class 7 and ethylene forming enzyme (EFE). Chapter 2 uncovers the role of conformational dynamics in the substrate selectivity of histone lysine demethylases 7A and 7B. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the two enzymes revealed the importance of linker flexibility and dynamics in relative orientations of the reader (PHD) and the catalytic (JmjC) domains. Chapter …

Data, Knowledge Practices, And Naturecultural Worlds: Vehicle Emissions In The Anthropocene, Lindsay Poirier

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Books

This chapter details the various techno-cultural assemblages giving rise to data collected to model and measure anthropogenic worlds, arguing that data-based technologies both represent and co-produce the Anthropocene. It begins with a review of scholarship emerging at the intersection of science and technology studies and information studies that advances understanding of data infrastructure and knowledge practices, and their role within the anthropogenic assemblages that shape history. Drawing on a case study describing how vehicle emissions are measured and regulated in the US, I examine the materialities and mutability of technologies designed to produce data about air quality, along with the …

Exceptional Point Generated Robust Asymmetric High-Order Harmonics, Hamidreza Ramezani, Amir Targholizadeh, Gui-Lei Zhu, Xin-You Lü, Cem Yuce

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Using exceptional point dynamics in time and space modulated lattices we propose a new mechanism for generation of asymmetric robust higher harmonics. Specifically we design a metallic-silicon system with a complex optical potential spatiotemporally modulated along the length of the waveguide for this robust higher harmonic generation. In our system the dynamical equations associated with modal field amplitudes are described by a Jordan form Hamiltonian. This ultimately will allow for a unidirectional higher frequency generation which always has a maximum value for a specific length of the waveguide irrespective of the geometrical imperfections in the design of the waveguide. Furthermore, …

The Reciprocal Of The Butterfly Theorem, Ion Patrascu, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Linguistic Functions, W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book, the authors have proved the analogues of the Bolzano Weierstrass theorem for the linguistic version. Several concepts in the case of linguistic continuum are very distinct from the natural classical real continuum. Categorically, we have three linguistic variables: one leading to a continuum, some finite and orderable set, and some not orderable. We define a linguistic plane associated with linguistic variables and give graphs associated with linguistic functions.

Linguistic Semilinear Algebras And Linguistic Semivector Spaces, W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This book introduces algebraic structures on linguistic sets associated with a linguistic variable.

The linguistics with single closed binary operations are only semigroups and monoids. Authors feel it is not possible to define the notion of linguistic group.

We describe the new notion of linguistic semirings, linguistic semifields, linguistic semivector spaces, and linguistic semilinear algebras defined over linguistic semifields.

We also define algebraic structures on linguistic subsets of a linguistic set associated with a linguistic variable.

Linguistic Graphs And Their Applications, W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The authors define the notion of directed linguistic graphs and linguistic-weighted graphs.

The second chapter discusses all types of linguistic graphs, linguistic dyads, linguistic triads, linguistic wheels, complete linguistic graphs, connected linguistic graphs, disconnected linguistic graphs, and linguistic components of the graphs. Further we define the notion of linguistic subgraphs of a linguistic graph. The third chapter also introduces the notion of Linguistic Cognitive Maps (LCMs) analogous to Fuzzy Cognitive maps (FCMs). We also propose Linguistic relational Maps, which are analogous to Fuzzy Relational Maps. These models find applications in problems whose data is unsupervised, but the values are linguistic.

Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Their Applications, Florentin Smarandache, Memet Sahin, Derya Bakbak, Abdullah Kargın

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Neutrosophic Logic is a general framework for unification of many existing logics, such as fuzzy logic (especially intuitionistic fuzzy logic), paraconsistent logic, intuitionistic logic, etc.

In 2019 Smarandache generalized the classical Algebraic Structures to NeutroAlgebraic Structures (or NeutroAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are partially true, partially indeterminate, and partially false} as extensions of Partial Algebra, and to AntiAlgebraic Structures (or AntiAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are totally false}, and he continued to develop them and extend a Structure in any field to the NeutroStructure and AntiStructure.

The NeutroAlgebras & AntiAlgebras are a new field of research, which is inspired from …

Collected Papers (On Various Scientific Topics), Volume Xiii, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This thirteenth volume of Collected Papers is an eclectic tome of 88 papers in various fields of sciences, such as astronomy, biology, calculus, economics, education and administration, game theory, geometry, graph theory, information fusion, decision making, instantaneous physics, quantum physics, neutrosophic logic and set, non-Euclidean geometry, number theory, paradoxes, philosophy of science, scientific research methods, statistics, and others, structured in 17 chapters (Neutrosophic Theory and Applications; Neutrosophic Algebra; Fuzzy Soft Sets; Neutrosophic Sets; Hypersoft Sets; Neutrosophic Semigroups; Neutrosophic Graphs; Superhypergraphs; Plithogeny; Information Fusion; Statistics; Decision Making; Extenics; Instantaneous Physics; Paradoxism; Mathematica; Miscellanea), comprising 965 pages, published between 2005-2022 in different …

Small Tech, High Touch: A Permutation, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In an earlier paper published in a neutrosophic math journal (IJNS), we discussed a new approach to technology, which may be called as ‘opti-realism’ or ‘pess-optimism’ as alternative to utopianism based on technocracy, which may lead the world into global techno-totalitarianism. In this article, we submit a new approach to Nature and technology, which is more modest and humble, rather than a techno-utopianism version of reality that most futurists argue for. Our proposed approach resembles more to Myer-Briggs 16 types of personality, including IJNS, IFNS etc. In our scheme, there are 8 characters of approach toward technology which can lead …

Linguistic Geometry And Its Applications, W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The authors venture to define the notion of linguistic geometry in this book.

It is pertinent to keep on the record that linguistic geometry differs from the classical geometry.

Many fundamental concepts and notions of classical geometry are not valid or extendable in the case of linguistic geometry.

We discuss in dept the linguistic variables, graphs and geometry essential for social information networks.

And then develop the new notion of linguistic geometry and its related properties.

The concept of linguistic social information geometric networks is also developed.