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Articles 1621 - 1650 of 8402
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Iowa Waste Reduction Center Newsletter, August 2024 [Special Edition], University Of Northern Iowa. Iowa Waste Reduction Center.
Iowa Waste Reduction Center Newsletter, August 2024 [Special Edition], University Of Northern Iowa. Iowa Waste Reduction Center.
Iowa Waste Reduction Center Newsletter
In this issue:
--- Fraud Alert
Efficient First-Order Methods For Some Smooth Nonlinear Optimization Problems, Yunheng Jiang
Efficient First-Order Methods For Some Smooth Nonlinear Optimization Problems, Yunheng Jiang
All Dissertations
none
Gps Accuracy Of Smartphones For Crowdsourcing Research, Derron L. Dike
Gps Accuracy Of Smartphones For Crowdsourcing Research, Derron L. Dike
Master of Science in Environmental Sciences and Management Projects
ABSTRACT GPS Accuracy of Smartphones for Crowdsourcing Research Derron Dike Utilizing crowdsourcing with smartphones as a method for field data collection can contribute an array of data for scientific studies and land management applications. This study used crowdsourcing to examine smartphone built-in GPS performance for providing location-specific information with potential forestry applications. The usability of smartphones for GPS data collection in forestry studies or other practical applications is dependent on the level of accuracy required for those applications. A Smartphone Accuracy Trial was designed to test the GPS accuracy performance of current smartphones. Participants used the ArcGIS Field Maps application …
Variability In Nutrient Concentrations Across Regions Of The Winyah Bay River Plume, Anne Mackenzie Gossman
Variability In Nutrient Concentrations Across Regions Of The Winyah Bay River Plume, Anne Mackenzie Gossman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
River plumes are one of the few large-scale features responsible for transporting particulates and terrigenous materials to coastal oceans. Macro-nutrients, such as dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (PO43-), are basic requirements for marine food webs. Due to the plumes’ ability to transport large quantities of these constituents, these systems contribute heavily to coastal productivity. This study focuses on the dynamics of the Winyah Bay river plume located in Georgetown, South Carolina. River plumes, including the Winyah Bay plume, are dynamic systems whose structures are comprised of a multitude of regions and features including the source, lift off, near-field, mid-field, …
Tidal Creeks As Conduits Of Land-Derived Nutrients To The Coastal Ocean, Christianna R. Morton
Tidal Creeks As Conduits Of Land-Derived Nutrients To The Coastal Ocean, Christianna R. Morton
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A common feature of the coastline of South Carolina are small, low relief, tidal creek systems. Due to their tidally dominated nature, these systems can act as conduits of land-based nutrients to the coastal ocean. As development along the coastline increases, the volume of nutrients entering tidal creeks will likely exhibit an associated increase. The focus of this research is an investigation of the input of nutrients into White Point Swash, a tidal creek located in northern South Carolina, via point and nonpoint sources, the behavior of nutrients once they enter this system, and the potential removal of nutrients by …
We're Swarming Again! Swarming, Collectivity, And Trope: The Case Of Extinction Rebellion, Tyler J. Behymer
We're Swarming Again! Swarming, Collectivity, And Trope: The Case Of Extinction Rebellion, Tyler J. Behymer
Department of Communication Studies: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This thesis explores the rhetoric of the eco-movement Extinction Rebellion, focusing on the use of swarming and nature tropes to mobilize collective action and revivify contemporary notions of collectivity. Drawing on rhetoric of social movement scholarship, cultural studies, and psychoanalysis, this essay theorizes swarming as a tropological economy that expands the conditions of propriety in the context of collectivity. Through an analysis of Extinction Rebellion’s discourse, this study demonstrates how the naturalization of swarming tropes works in various ways to rewild conventional political discourse, galvanize disruptive collective assembly, and challenge green neoliberalism.
Advisor: Casey Ryan Kelly
Assessing Soil Properties & Suitability For Optimized Irrigation Development In Sudan, Northern Africa, Suhib O. Hamid
Assessing Soil Properties & Suitability For Optimized Irrigation Development In Sudan, Northern Africa, Suhib O. Hamid
Department of Biological Systems Engineering: Masters Project Reports
In Chapter 1, soil properties essential for efficient irrigation are thoroughly assessed. Factors such as soil texture, infiltration rates, and nutrient content are analyzed to provide insights into the selection of modern irrigation systems. Utilizing data collected from 3,192 locations through GPS and laboratory analyses, alongside sophisticated ranking systems, the research determines the most suitable irrigation methods for specific soil series. Findings highlight the remarkable efficiency of drip irrigation across various soil types, contrasting with the consistently lower performance of surface irrigation. The chapter emphasizes the significance of considering soil variability, evapotranspiration, and investment factors in selecting irrigation methods for …
Electroweak Interactions On The Deuteron, Jose Luis Bonilla
Electroweak Interactions On The Deuteron, Jose Luis Bonilla
Doctoral Dissertations
This research explores the intricacies of Electroweak Interactions on the Deuteron, with a particular focus on muon capture and the hyperfine shift in atomic and muonic deuterium. These processes are phenomena of significant importance in nuclear physics. Understanding these interactions is crucial for illuminating fundamental aspects of nuclear structure and providing insight into the fundamental forces and interactions governing atomic and nuclear systems, as well as related processes such as proton-proton fusion or other astrophysical reactions, which are phenomena that cannot be easily reproduced in a laboratory and require a theoretical treatment to predict observables. Through this research, we systematically …
Lactoferrin And Lysozyme To Promote Nutritional, Clinical And Enteric Recovery: A Protocol For A Factorial, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Randomised Trial Among Children With Diarrhoea And Malnutrition (The Boresha Afya Trial), Ruchi Tiwari, Kirkby Tickell, Emily Yoshioka, Joyce Otieno, Adeel Shah, Barbra Richardson, Lucia Keter, Maureen Okello, Churchil Nyabinda, Indi Trehan
Lactoferrin And Lysozyme To Promote Nutritional, Clinical And Enteric Recovery: A Protocol For A Factorial, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Randomised Trial Among Children With Diarrhoea And Malnutrition (The Boresha Afya Trial), Ruchi Tiwari, Kirkby Tickell, Emily Yoshioka, Joyce Otieno, Adeel Shah, Barbra Richardson, Lucia Keter, Maureen Okello, Churchil Nyabinda, Indi Trehan
Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa
Introduction: Children with moderate or severe wasting are at particularly high risk of recurrent or persistent diarrhoea, nutritional deterioration and death following a diarrhoeal episode. Lactoferrin and lysozyme are nutritional supplements that may reduce the risk of recurrent diarrhoeal episodes and accelerate nutritional recovery by treating or preventing underlying enteric infections and/or improving enteric function.
Methods and analysis: In this factorial, blinded, placebo-controlled randomised trial, we aim to determine the efficacy of lactoferrin and lysozyme supplementation in decreasing diarrhoea incidence and improving nutritional recovery in Kenyan children convalescing from comorbid diarrhoea and wasting. Six hundred children aged 6–24 months with …
Investigation Of Parasites And Other Pathogens Associated With Eastern Wild Turkey (Meleagris Gallopavo Silvestris) Declines In Tennessee, Laura K. Horton
Investigation Of Parasites And Other Pathogens Associated With Eastern Wild Turkey (Meleagris Gallopavo Silvestris) Declines In Tennessee, Laura K. Horton
Doctoral Dissertations
This multi-part research project was carried out in order to investigate and address disease aspects which may be at play in the Middle Tennessee Wild Turkey population. This population has been experiencing declines since a restoration period which spanned from 1990-2000. In combined effort with Tennessee Wildlife Resource Agency, the National Wild Turkey Federation, and collaboration with other research groups at the University of Tennessee, this survey of parasites and diseases of known risk to Wild Turkeys was carried out in the study population from 2020-2023. We evaluated the prevalence of the following pathogens for three field seasons: Histomonas meleagridis …
Improving Cyber Defense Using Detailed Bayesian Models Of Attacker Reconnaissance., Nazia Sharmin
Improving Cyber Defense Using Detailed Bayesian Models Of Attacker Reconnaissance., Nazia Sharmin
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The continued success of cyber-attacks motivates the need for continued innovation in cyber defense. In particular, there is a need for novel methods to mitigate attacker reconnaissance, usually the first stage in planning an attack. One of the few general approaches in this stage is using deception and information manipulation to affect what the attacker can learn about a system or network. Existing work in moving target defense, game-theoretic models of cyber deception/camouflage, and adversarial learning has provided a framework for optimizing deception strategies. However, most of the current literature is based on limited models of how attackers actually perform …
Neural Networks For Decisions Under Uncertainty, Edwin Tomy George
Neural Networks For Decisions Under Uncertainty, Edwin Tomy George
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Neural networks are used in many real-world applications, ranging from classification tasks to medical diagnostics. For each task, a neural network is typically able to make predictions due to its ability to extract meaningful patterns from processing large amounts of data. Thus, given the increases in available data in recent decades, the performance of neural networks in making accurate predictions has greatly increased. However, this data often comes with ingrained uncertainties due to measurement errors or the inherent variability of individual data points. Neural networks can learn despite the errors in the overall data, but what if we want them …
Design Of Engineered Nanomaterials For Pfas Adsorption And Catalytic Degradation From Relevant Environmental Conditions, Sheng Yin
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of artificially made chemicals whose carbon chains are fully or partially fluorinated. Due to their persistent and pervasive distribution and their adverse effects on human health, the removal of PFAS from the environment has been the focus of current research. This project explores the use of engineered nanomaterials for the effective removal of PFAS through various adsorption and catalytic degradation methods. First, a comprehensive review of recent studies highlights the significant potential of various nanomaterials, including carbon-based, non-metal, single-metal, and multi-metal nanomaterials, for PFAS remediation. These materials are evaluated for their performance, …
Investigating Styles Of Contraction And Overprinting By Rio Grande Rift Extension In The Southern Indio Mountains, Western Texas, David W. West
Investigating Styles Of Contraction And Overprinting By Rio Grande Rift Extension In The Southern Indio Mountains, Western Texas, David W. West
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Laramide-style intracontinental deformation occurred throughout a large area in the western United States from the late Cretaceous through the Eocene. This event is largely investigated and viewed from classic exposures in Colorado and Wyoming, extending south to southern New Mexico. In this region the Laramide orogen merges with the Mexican fold and thrust belt (MFTB) and the northern limits of the Mexican orogen along a blurry boundary. In the Indio Mountain range in western Texas, Cretaceous sediments were deposited in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Chihuahua trough. They were inverted due to contraction and emplaced adjacent to the Diablo Plateau. This region lies …
Determining Heterogeneous Growth Rates Of Brucite On Magnesia Using Multiharmonic Qcm-D And X-Ray Scattering Methods, Pedro Josue Hernandez Penagos
Determining Heterogeneous Growth Rates Of Brucite On Magnesia Using Multiharmonic Qcm-D And X-Ray Scattering Methods, Pedro Josue Hernandez Penagos
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The Earth’s temperature has increased in the last six decades mainly due to the emissions of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2). Mineral looping using magnesium oxide (MgO) is a promising approach for direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 from the atmosphere at the GtCO2/yr scale. The presence of humidity during the carbonation process will lead to a reaction between the MgO and water resulting in magnesium hydroxide formation, Mg(OH)2, growing over the MgO surface forming a shell-like structure. The influence of temperature and relative humidity variation on heterogeneous nucleation and crystal growth kinetics of Mg(OH)2 on MgO is not …
Staying Fresh: Unconventional Approaches Towards Advancing Energy Sustainability, Water Resources, And Community Resiliency In The Southwestern United States, Judith Hoyt
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
This dissertation addresses critical challenges in urban heat management, sustainable energy resource utilization, and water quality communication through three studies. Study 1 investigates the impact of roof color on urban heat islands in Tucson, Arizona where approximately 70% of roofs display high albedo (i.e., light) colors. Energy consumption simulations conducted indicate that converting dark- to light-colored roofs could save Tucson approximately $1,400,000 annually in energy costs, highlighting the potential of cool roofs for energy savings and improved thermal comfort. Study 2 assesses the sources of lithium in subsurface waters in West Texas and South Central New Mexico. Water chemistry data …
Zebra Limestone From The Gypsum Valley Salt Diapir, Colorado, Rebecca Navarrette
Zebra Limestone From The Gypsum Valley Salt Diapir, Colorado, Rebecca Navarrette
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Zebra rocks displaying alternating light and dark-colored millimeter to centimeter thick bands of crystals have been found at the Gypsum Valley salt diapir, Colorado in the Paradox Basin where they are associated with gypsic diapiric caprock. Elucidating their origin may provide crucial information about intermittent fluid flow at the margin of salt diapirs and about Zebra rock formation, which often is associated with carbonate-hosted lead-zinc mineralization (Mississippi Valley Type, MVT) and hydrothermal dolomite -hosted hydrocarbon reservoirs.
The Gypsum Valley Zebra rocks consist of calcite, i.e., it is a Zebra limestone. It shows a finely crystalline light banding and coarsely crystalline …
Robust Multivariate Estimation And Inference With The Minimum Density Power Divergence Estimator, Ebenezer Nkum
Robust Multivariate Estimation And Inference With The Minimum Density Power Divergence Estimator, Ebenezer Nkum
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The estimation of the location vector and scatter matrix plays a crucial role in many multivariate statistical methods. However, the classical likelihood-based estimation is greatly influenced by outliers, potentially leading to unreliable decisions. Hence, a fundamental challenge in multivariate statistics is to develop robust alternatives that can maintain performancein the presence of outliers and deviations from the assumed data distribution. Unfortunately, methods with good global robustness often substantially sacrifice efficiency. To address this, we propose the adoption of Minimum Density Power Divergence (MDPD) estimation, a well-established robust technique known for its efficiency and statistical robustness to outliers and model violations. …
Semantic Linguistic User Profiles For Automatic Computational Narrative Creation For Scientific Models, Angel Uriel Ortega Castillo
Semantic Linguistic User Profiles For Automatic Computational Narrative Creation For Scientific Models, Angel Uriel Ortega Castillo
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The outcomes of scientific models can be hard to understand given the need for context, domain knowledge, and many variables and data being used. This research aims to provide users of scientific models with understandable information that can be automatically generated. For the context of this research, understandable is defined as being correctly interpreted (i.e., with respect to the original intent of the data). Scientific information can be conveyed to users in the form of a narrative or visualizations, and these are not necessarily separate from each other, but rather complimentary. One of the objectives of this research is to …
Random Forest For High-Dimensional Data, George Ekow Quaye
Random Forest For High-Dimensional Data, George Ekow Quaye
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The exponential growth of data has led to a rapid increase in high-dimensional datasets across various domains, presenting significant challenges in data analysis, particularly in predictive modeling tasks. Traditional Random Forest (RF), while robust, often struggles with datasets filled with numerous noisy or non-informative features, compromising both performance and accuracy. This study introduces an advanced algorithm, High-Dimensional Random Forests (HDRF), designed to address these challenges by integrating robust multivariate feature selection techniques directly into the decision tree construction process. Unlike standard RF, HDRF incorporates ridge regression-based variable screening at each decision split, enhancing its ability to identify and utilize the …
Quantum Circuit Optimization Leveraging Multi-Qubit Exchange Interactions In Spin Qubits, Miguel Gonzalo Rodriguez
Quantum Circuit Optimization Leveraging Multi-Qubit Exchange Interactions In Spin Qubits, Miguel Gonzalo Rodriguez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
This thesis looks into how multi-qubit exchange interactions can be used to improve quantumcircuits in semiconductor quantum devices. Pairwise interactions between qubits are a common tenet of traditional quantum computing paradigms, although they can impose complexity and depth constraints on circuits. In order to improve the efficiency and scalability of quantum circuits, this research explores the theoretical underpinnings and practical uses of multi-qubit interactions. A thorough theoretical framework is formulated, outlining the mathematical equivalence of a unitary matrix representing interactions between multiple qubits. We obtain the timeevolution operator by analyzing the Hamiltonian of three spin-1/2 particles. A number of quantum …
Seismic Imaging Of Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Near Williams Airfield, Yeshey Seldon
Seismic Imaging Of Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Near Williams Airfield, Yeshey Seldon
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Seismic exploration has played a crucial role in understanding the Earth's interior and has been successfully employed in various regions, including Antarctica. This research focuses on analyzing a 1000-m seismic line on McMurdo Ice Shelf near Williams Airfield, as part of the Thwaites Interdisciplinary Margin Evolution (TIME) project. The McMurdo Ice Shelf, covering an expansive area within the Ross Ice Shelf, has undergone significant changes due to evolving oceanic and atmospheric conditions. The presence of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) has recently impacted the ice shelf, with warmer ocean waters causing basal melting and changes in wind patterns affecting ice flow …
Effortless Mindfulness Toolkit: Easy Meditation Scripts To Begin Each Class., Brett Whysel
Effortless Mindfulness Toolkit: Easy Meditation Scripts To Begin Each Class., Brett Whysel
Open Educational Resources
The Effortless Mindfulness in the Classroom Toolkit is an open educational resource designed to create happier classrooms, boost student engagement, and foster a sense of community through brief, effective mindfulness exercises. This comprehensive toolkit provides educators with everything they need to seamlessly integrate mindfulness practices into their teaching routines, regardless of prior experience. The toolkit includes introductory slides, 15 ready-to-use meditation scripts, and accompanying audio recordings, covering a variety of mindfulness techniques such as focused breathing, body scans, and loving-kindness meditations. Each meditation is paired with a reflective prompt to deepen student engagement and reinforce the benefits of mindfulness. Additionally, …
Unraveling Wetland Ecology: The Effect Of Abiotic Heterogeneity And Habitat Size On Wetland Plant Diversity In The Piedmont, Gregory T. Gilmore
Unraveling Wetland Ecology: The Effect Of Abiotic Heterogeneity And Habitat Size On Wetland Plant Diversity In The Piedmont, Gregory T. Gilmore
All Theses
Ecosystems around the world are seeing an unprecedented decline in biodiversity. However, to better prevent this decline we cannot only understand the drivers of biodiversity loss, but also the factors that support diversity. Traditional ecological hypotheses such as the Habitat Heterogeneity Hypothesis (HHH) and the Theory of Island Biogeography (TIB) have provided frameworks for understanding biodiversity drivers. However, recent research suggests a more nuanced relationship between heterogeneity, habitat size, and diversity than previously thought. This study looks to bridge existing research gaps by examining the ecologically and conservational important habitat of wetlands. Specifically, the study focuses on the plant diversity …
High-Resolution Ion Mobility Analysis Of Isomeric Bile Acids Using Structures For Lossless Ion Manipulations (Slim) Im-Ms, Emmaleigh D. Efird
High-Resolution Ion Mobility Analysis Of Isomeric Bile Acids Using Structures For Lossless Ion Manipulations (Slim) Im-Ms, Emmaleigh D. Efird
All Theses
Bile acids are an essential part of the human digestion system and play an important role in lipid absorption, bacteria movement in the small intestine, and regulation of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and G protein-coupled bile acid receptors (GPBAR) responsible for homeostasis. They are synthesized in the liver, stored in the gallbladder and the excess is carried on to the small intestine. Many liver and intestinal diseases are diagnosed based on bile acid metabolism pathways and the structures of those bile acids. Therefore, the bile acid structure determines the function of the molecule. Many bile acids are similar in …
Data-Driven Model Reduction Strategies For Dynamical Systems, Talha Ahmed
Data-Driven Model Reduction Strategies For Dynamical Systems, Talha Ahmed
Doctoral Dissertations
Many physically occurring phenomena are nonlinear in nature and can be understood through dynamical systems theory which describes how the state of the particular system evolves in time. However, it is generally cumbersome to analyze these processes in depth because of the nonlinearities in the mathematical model or large sets of equations. Model reduction strategies are employed for such nonlinear processes to reduce the model dimensionality and approximate the full model dynamics. In this study, we focus on data driven model reduction strategies for various biological systems where only observable data is available and illustrate their efficacy.
Our first work …
Pion, Kaon, And Proton Production In Jet-Hadron Correlations From Pb-Pb Collisions At $\Sqrt{S_{Nn}}$=5.02 Tev Using The Alice Detector, Patrick J. Steffanic
Pion, Kaon, And Proton Production In Jet-Hadron Correlations From Pb-Pb Collisions At $\Sqrt{S_{Nn}}$=5.02 Tev Using The Alice Detector, Patrick J. Steffanic
Doctoral Dissertations
Interactions between hard probes and the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) are a rich probe of the dynamics of the QGP. In this thesis, we study the production of pions, kaons and protons from jet-hadron correlations in 0-10% and 30-50% central Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. We focus our studies on low momentum jets with 20 GeV/c < pTjet < 40 GeV/c using associated hadrons with 1 GeV/c < pTassoc. < 10 GeV/c. The yields of associate pions, kaons and protons were measured in the near-side and away-side regions of the jet-hadron correlation function, and the baryon to meson and strange to non-strange meson ratios were computed. This is the first measurement of the strange to non-strange meson ratio for hadrons associated with a jet. We find the baryon to meson ratio for associated hadrons in Pb-Pb collisions to be within uncertainty of the ratio for inclusive charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions. The strange to non-strange meson ratio for associated hadrons in Pb-Pb collisions shows strong enhancement at intermediate pTassoc. relative to the ratio for inclusive charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions, with a hint of enhancement over the ratio for inclusive charged hadrons in Pb-Pb collisions. We find that …
Prompt Vs Local Redeposition: Model Refinement And Experimental Design For Understanding High-Z Net Erosion In Magnetic Confinement Fusion, Davis C. Easley
Prompt Vs Local Redeposition: Model Refinement And Experimental Design For Understanding High-Z Net Erosion In Magnetic Confinement Fusion, Davis C. Easley
Doctoral Dissertations
The economic and engineering success of magnetic confinement fusion reactors significantly depends upon the optimization of plasma facing component (PFC) design. For high-Z PFCs, the critical engineering condition is minimal net erosion (i.e. gross erosion – redeposition). Here, we present a high-Z net erosion model discriminating three primary redeposition mechanisms: prompt (geometric-driven), local (sheath-driven), and far (scrape-off-layer-driven). Using these distinctions, we show modeling for high-Z net erosion in magnetic-confinement fusion over a matrix of key plasma parameters. With Sobol’ methods we assess the sensitivity of each mechanism and show that prompt-vs-local trade-off critically explains underprediction in redeposition losses of up …
2024 August 1 - Tennessee Weekly Drought Summary, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University
2024 August 1 - Tennessee Weekly Drought Summary, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University
Tennessee Climate Office Weekly Drought Summaries
No abstract provided.
Remotely Sensed Early Warning Of Algal Blooms In An Eastern Nebraska Reservoir: A Comparison Of Temporal And Spatial Indicators, Mercy Kipenda
Remotely Sensed Early Warning Of Algal Blooms In An Eastern Nebraska Reservoir: A Comparison Of Temporal And Spatial Indicators, Mercy Kipenda
School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) detrimentally affect human, animal, and ecosystem health. Remotely sensed early warning systems for cyanoHABs in inland lakes could contribute to more proactive water quality monitoring and help mitigate negative impacts. Advances in freely available remote sensing imagery, with finer spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions, present new opportunities for the development and comparative analysis of methods to detect sudden deterioration in lake water quality. In this thesis, I compared and tested for temporal and spatial early warning signals of cyanoHABs in field-based and remotely sensed datasets from 2019 to 2023 in Pawnee Lake in southeast Nebraska, …