Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Faithful Representation Of Free Groups And Congruent Subgroups Of 𝑆𝐿3 (𝑍), Julius Kurian

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

This thesis is concerned with the matrix representation of a free non-abelian group by matrices of size ≥ 3. We proceed from defining an equivalence classes and then transitioning to free groups. We discuss in details the group 𝐺𝑛(𝑘) which is the group generated by the matrices filled with first, (second, etc.) column, except for the intersection with the diagonal, and we have ones on the diagonal and zeros at the other places. The filled places are occupied by the same parameter 𝑘. An alternative proof for the known fact that 𝐺𝑛(3) is not free is provided. The main objective …

Investigating The Magnetic Cycle Of The Planet-Hosting Star Hd189733, Mohammad Samih Husein

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

HD189733 is a planet-hosting star, harboring a hot Jupiter situated at approximately 8.8 stellar radii. This system is among the most studied systems for stellar magnetism, Star-Planet Interactions, and exoplanetary atmospheric studies. The large-scale magnetic field of the star exhibits variability on relatively short timescales, however, no magnetic field cycle, including polarity flips, has been observed to date. This absence of cycle detection could be due to observational gaps between observing campaigns. This thesis aims to explore the variability of the activity of HD189733 by conducting a homogeneous analysis of several publicly available datasets, obtained using several spectrographs/telescopes, spanning 18 …

Molecular Geometry Changes In Some Carbonyls And Aromatic Rings Upon Electronic Excitation: Herzberg-Teller Vibronic Coupling And Unitary Duschinsky Rotation, Maryam Mohammed Al Sakkaf

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

The common assumption in probing the dynamical motion of molecules is that the molecular electronic activity depends weakly on vibrational coordinates on electronic excitation. Therefore, electron-vibration interaction, which is known as vibronic coupling (VC), may be ignored. The HerzbergTeller theory of vibronic coupling (HTVC) is a breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation (BOA) since nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom can no longer be separated. The inclusion of a single quantum of a non-totally symmetric vibrational mode changes the overall symmetry of the state and permits the transition. Often, this assumption may be invalid, especially in carbonyl and aromatic compounds. This …

Extensions Of Algebraic Frames, Papiya Bhattacharjee

Mathematics Colloquium Series

A frame is a complete lattice that satisfies a strong distributive law, known as the frame law. Frames are also known as Pointfree Topology, as every topology is a frame. Even though the concept of frames originated from topology, the idea has expanded to many other areas of mathematics and frames are now studied in their own merit. Given two frame L and M, we say M is an extension of L if L is a subframe of M. In this talk we will discuss different types of frames extensions, such as Rigid extension, r-extension, and r*-extension between two frames. …

Extensions Of Algebraic Frames, Papiya Bhattacharjee

Algebra Seminar

A frame is a complete lattice that satisfies a strong distributive law, known as the frame law. Frames are also known as Pointfree Topology, as every topology is a frame. Even though the concept of frames originated from topology, the idea has expanded to many other areas of mathematics and frames are now studied in their own merit. Given two frame L and M, we say M is an extension of L if L is a subframe of M. In this talk we will discuss different types of frames extensions, such as Rigid extension, r-extension, and r*-extension between two frames. …

Black Tio2 Nts And Zno-Tio2 Nts Heterostructure: Synthesis, Characterization, And Synchrotron-Based Spectroscopy Studies, Lu Yao

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The one-dimensional (1D) TiO₂ nanotubes (NTs), and their derivatives have been extensively studied due to their potential use in water-splitting, solar cells, and lithium-ion batteries. Since TiO₂ has a large band gap (~3.2 eV for anatase), there has been a search for higher photocatalytic efficiency by shifting the band gap into the visible range. This thesis presents a study of black TiO₂ NTs and ZnO-TiO₂ heterostructures using synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. It involves the transformation from as-prepared TiO₂ NTs to black TiO₂ NTs via an electrochemical reduction method. ZnO-TiO₂ NT …

An Intelligent Framework Towards Fully Autonomous Driving Fueled By Smart Roads, Muhammad Jalal Khan

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are transforming next-generation autonomous mobility. Such vehicles promise to increase road safety, improve traffic efficiency, reduce vehicle emissions, and enhance mobility. The development of AVs involves the integration of various disciplines and technologies, i.e., sensors, communication, computation, and artificial intelligence (AI), to achieve higher levels of autonomous driving (AD). The main objective of this dissertation is to design and develop a novel approach for achieving higher levels of automation in AD through an end-to-end intelligent framework. This involves addressing the challenges of technological augmentation of road infrastructure to support intelligent transport system (ITS) services, service satisfaction in …

Synthesis, Characterization And Biologcal Evaluation Of Safranal-Loaded Metalorganic Framework Nanostructures, Alia Musabbeh Alkaabi

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Liver cancer remains a primary worldwide health concern, necessitating the development of innovative and effective treatment options. In this study, we present a biocompatible iron-based metal-organic framework (Fe-MOF) consisting of iron ligands connected by terephthalate linkers loaded with safranal, a natural biomolecule extracted from stigmas of Crocus Sativus flower (also known as saffron), a therapeutic intervention with dual efficiency. This compound not only meets the demand for improved liver cancer therapies but also exhibits antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus. The synthesis stage of the study focuses on preparing MIL-88B(Fe) and loading safranal into/onto its structure. The material's composition …

Volume 10 Full Text, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Stream Gauging: Investigating The Flow Rate And Residence Time In Laguna Bacalar, Mexico, Elizabeth J. Kowalczyk

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Stream gauging is a standard tool used to measure the flow rate of various bodies of water. Knowing the flow rate of a body of water allows for the residence time of a body of water to be calculated. Currently, there is very little information regarding the flow rate and residence times of Laguna Bacalar. This system has been observed hydrologically consistently only in the past 6 years. In this study, 13 stream-gauging locations of interest were identified and gauged for their respective flow rates using the midsection method. Once the flow rates were acquired, maps depicting the Laguna Bacalar …

Table Of Contents And Front Matter, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

On The Projections And Unitary Groups Of Unital C*-Algebras, Fouzia Shaheen

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

H. Dye proved that the unitary group in a factor determines the algebraic type of that factor. Al-Rawashdeh, Booth and Giordano established that, for a large class of simple unital C*- algebras, an isomorphism between the unitary groups, induces an isomorphism between their K0-ordered group and K1-groups. Then using the results of Dadarlat-Elliot-Gong and KirchbergPhillips, the C*-algebras are isomorphic. Dye introduced special projections P{i,j}(a) of the matrix algebra Mn(A), and he used it as a main tool to establish his results in the case of von Neumann factors. Precisely, in case of von Neumann algebra, he proved that if  …

Induced Oxidation Effects On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Lignite From Tempoku, Hokkaido, Japan For Sustainable Mining Via Subsurface Cultivation And Gasification Method, Akm Badrul Alam, Noritaka Aramaki, Shuji Tamamura, Akio Ueno, Takuma Murakami, Yoshiaki Fujii, Katsuhiko Kaneko

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The lignite resource has been under consideration for the subsurface cultivation and gasification (SCG) method to produce biomethane from lignite in Hokkaido, Japan. The primary phase of the method entails initiating the oxidative transformation of lignite using an H₂O₂ solution, resulting in the formation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), a pivotal component. To examine the effects of induced oxidation on lignite's mechanical properties, artificial oxidation tests were conducted to form DOC. While there was a slight decrease in P-wave velocity and density, the uniaxial compression and indirect tensile strengths, as well as stiffness, did not decrease. These …

Factors Influencing The Perceptions Of Human-Computer Interaction Curriculum Developers In Higher Education Institutions During Curriculum Design And Delivery, Cynthia Augustine, Salah Kabanda

The African Journal of Information Systems

Computer science (CS) and information systems students seeking to work as software developers upon graduating are often required to create software that has a sound user experience (UX) and meets the needs of its users. This includes addressing unique user, context, and infrastructural requirements. This study sought to identify the factors that influence the perceptions of human-computer interaction (HCI) curriculum developers in higher education institutions (HEIs) in developing economies of Africa when it comes to curriculum design and delivery. A qualitative enquiry was conducted and consisted of fourteen interviews with HCI curriculum developers and UX practitioners in four African countries. …

5675 Wiredcats Scouting Hub, Sebastian Smiley

Honors Theses

The WiredCats Scouting Hub was created to provide FIRST team 5675 with an application that allows them to make more informed strategic decisions regarding their competitive play. The app synthesizes data from multiple sources, parsing multiple data formats into a single source of truth. It also presents data to users through graphs and charts and provides interactive tables. The application meets the requirements set forth by the leadership of team 5675, effectively providing the capabilities they seek.

Kalamazoo Nature Center Mobile Application, Jacob Tebben

Honors Theses

This project aimed to address the challenge of enhancing visitor engagement and information dissemination at the Kalamazoo Nature Center (KNC) through the development of an integrated mobile and desktop application system. This initiative arose due to the limitations posed by traditional mobile applications which often become outdated and need to be updated by a dedicated software team. This project was designed for any user of the KNC desktop app to be able to update content on the mobile app, without the need of a dedicated software team.

The mobile application was designed for visitor use, enabling them to access up-to-date …

The Generation Of Terahertz Light And Its Applications In The Study Of Vibrational Motion, Aldair Alejandro

Theses and Dissertations

Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is a powerful tool that uses ultrashort pulses of light to study the properties of materials on picosecond time scales. THz light can be generated through a variety of methods. In our lab, we generate THz through the process of optical rectification in nonlinear optical (NLO) organic crystals. THz light can be used to study several phenomena in materials, such as spin precession, electron acceleration, vibrational and rotational motion. The work presented in this dissertation is divided into two parts: (1) the generation of THz light and (2) applications of THz light. The first portion of this …

Residential Metals Abatement Program Construction Completion Report Kennedy Elementary, Christopher Berg, Thomas J. Beckman, Environmental Resource Management (Erm)

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Residential Metals Abatement Program Construction Completion Report (Non- Residential Parcels – Indoor Dust) Small World Day Care, Environmental Resource Management (Erm)

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Multifunctional And Moisture Tolerant Zinc-Based Mono- And Bi-Metallic Metal-Organic Framework (Mof) Thin Films, Emmanuel Agbata

Theses and Dissertations

Many applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly dependent on their structures. The type and consistency of structure inform their properties. Zinc-based MOFs are applicable in different fields because of the low toxicity of zinc materials and are therefore also useful for catalysis. While MOF-5, a zinc-based MOF with carboxylate linkers is moisture intolerant, a variant of this is moisture tolerant. The introduction of a nitrogen-based linker in the zinc MOF which renders the structure moisture-tolerant. This material has not been explored as much, despite its multifunctional properties. Furthermore, the growth of Zn-based bimetallics of this MOF has not yet …

Re: Comments On The Repository And Haul Route Geotechnical Pre-Design Investigation Work Plan (Dated March 29, 2024), Repository And Proposed Haul Route – Silver Bow Creek Conservation Area Quality Assurance Project Plan (Dated March 29, 2024), And Silver Bow Creek Conservation Area Repository Data Gap Quality Assurance Project Plan (Dated March 22, 2024), Emma Rott

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Microplastics Fouling Mitigation In Forward Osmosis Membranes By The Molecular Assembly Of Sulfobetaine Zwitterion, Javad Farahbakhsh, Mitra Golgoli, Mehdi Khiadani, Amir Razmjou, Masoumeh Zargar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Forward osmosis (FO) membranes have potential for the efficient water and wastewater treatment applications. However, their development has faced significant challenges due to their fouling propensity. In this study, FO membranes modified with sulfobetaine zwitterions (i.e., [2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide) were fabricated and used for the first time to address microplastic (MP) fouling issue. Water flux, reverse salt flux (RSF), fouling, and flux recovery were evaluated for the membranes loaded with different quantities of the zwitterions ranging from 0.25 % to 2 %. The developed membranes were tested over 49 h with feed solutions containing polyethylene MPs and bovine serum albumin …

Theoretical And Computational Astrochemistry: A Variational Quantum Monte Carlo (Vqmc) Study Of The Trihydrogen Molecule Cation (H3 + ), Ahmed Saeed Alsaed

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

H3 + is the simplest three-center two-electron molecule and it is of much interest in astrochemistry due to its high occurrence in the outer space, high reactivity, and strong acidic properties. In addition, H3 + is involved in many chemical reactions in the interstellar medium (ISM) and its significant ability to absorb energy contributed to the cooling of the universe during its early stages. The main objective of this thesis is to approximate the ground state electronic energy of H3 + by using a simple trial wavefunction consisting of a doubly occupied molecular orbital multiplied by a Jastrow factor. The …

Enhanced Breast Cancer Tumor Classification Using Mobilenetv2: A Detailed Exploration On Image Intensity, Error Mitigation, And Streamlit-Driven Real-Time Deployment, Aaditya Surya, Aditya Keshary Shah, Subash Tarun Sasikumar, Jarnell Kabore

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This research introduces a sophisticated transfer learning model based on Google’s MobileNetV2 for breast cancer tumor classification into normal, benign, and malignant categories, utilizing a dataset of 1576 ultrasound images (265 normal, 891 benign, 420 malignant). The model achieves an accuracy of 0.82, precision of 0.83, recall of 0.81, ROC-AUC of 0.94, PR-AUC of 0.88, and MCC of 0.74. It examines image intensity distributions and misclassification errors, offering improvements for future applications. Addressing dataset imbalances, the study ensures a generalizable model. This work, using a dataset from Baheya Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, compiled by Walid Al- Dhabyani and colleagues (2020), emphasizes …

Pricing Asian Options During Crises With The Impact Of Exogenous Events, Moath Ali Bakour

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Asian options are path-dependent options since their payoff is built on the prices of the underlying asset over a time period. The Asian option pricing problem is primarily subject to the prediction model for asset prices. The pioneer Black Scholes paper suggests a GBM- Geometric Brownian motion. The Black-Scholes formula suffers from several shortcomings. For instance, the GBM does not take into consideration crises. Another problem with the Black-Scholes model is that it does not deal with the impact of external events. This work aims at a suggested model that encompasses the impacts of crises and external events together. It …

Enhancing Health Analytics: Secure And Private Federated Learning Solutions, Nisha Thorakkattu Madathil

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Federated Learning (FL) is a collaborative approach permitting individuals to jointly train a model without sharing their local datasets with others. FL utilizes decentralized data sources to train machine learning models while protecting privacy, has emerged as a promising method. This holds especially true in medical contexts, where the confidentiality of data is critical. FL permits the utilization of heterogeneous datasets from a variety of healthcare organizations while maintaining patient confidentiality. It also plays a crucial role in advancing medical research and healthcare services while adhering to data distribution and compliance requirements. The primary challenges within federated healthcare encompass privacy …

Influence Of Low-Level Condensed Tannins Concentrations In Temperate Forages On Sheep Performace, F Montossi, F Liu, J Hodgson, S T. Morris, T N. Barry, D F. Risso

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Results from a series of six comparative lamb grazing trials with temperate forages are summarised, and compared with results from the literature. Condensed tannin (CT) concentrations in the diet ranged from 0.12% to 0.47% on a dry matter (DM) basis. Values were generally similar for Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and annual ryegrass (L. multiflorum), each grown with white clover (Trifolium repens), in similar circumstances. Concentrations for tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea)/white clover pastures were relatively low, but may have been artefacts. Drenching with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to bind …

Tannin Contents Of Some Indigenous Browse Plants Of Botswana, A A. Aganga, C M. Tsopito, K M. Morake

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A study was carried out to evaluate the tannin content and crude protein degradation of leaves and twigs from indigenous browsable trees which provide feed for grazing livestock on natural rangelands of Botswana. These browses include the families Leguminosae (Acacias), Capparidaceae (Boscias), Combretaceae (Combretum) and Tiliaceae (Grewias). These were found to be of good nutritive value, with the leaves having a high content of crude protein (9 - 16%) and a wide range of dry matter digestibility (37 - 69.82%). The correlation between crude protein disappearance and tannin content was found to be negative (-0.582) and significant (P<0.05).

Effect Of Tannin In Animal Diet On Nitrification Rate Of Pasture Soil Under Dung Patches, J R. Crush

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The rate of formation of nitrate and ammonium in the soil under dung patches was compared for dung from animals fed either ryegrass (Lolium perenne)/white clover (Trifolium repens) or ryegrass/Lotus pedunculatus forage. Tannin derived from the Lotus did not inhibit ammonification in the soil under dung but nitrate formation was strongly inhibited. The results support the theory that polyphenolics may bind to nitrite in acid soils and cause immobilisation of mineral nitrogen. Apart from their effect of reducing the proportion of dietary nitrogen excreted in urine, tannins in animal diets may make a further contribution to …

Condensed Tannins In Tropical Legumes: Concentration, Astringency And Effects On The Nutrition Of Ruminants, R Barahona, C E. Lascano, R C. Cochran, J L. Morrill, E C. Titgemeyer

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A feeding trial was carried out to determine the effect of extractable condensed tannins (ECT) concentration and tannin astringency in tropical legumes on nitrogen (N) digestion by sheep. Test legumes were Desmodium ovalifolium (Do) and Flemingia macrophylla (Fm) which had similar concentrations of Extractable CT (9% DM) but tannins with different degree of astringency (Do, 0.6 and Fm, 0.3 g protein bound/g of ECT). Chopped sun-dried forage of each legume was sprayed with either water (control) or polyethylene glycol (PEG, 3.5% DM) to reduce ECT and fed to 8 sheep with ruminal and duodenal canulas arranged in a replicated 4 …