Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Artificial Intelligence And News Consumption: A Study Of Trust, Credibility And Transparency In Automated Journalism, Julia Lobo Paes

Dissertations and Theses

According to Gallup poll (2023), over the last 50 years there has been a decline in how much Americans trust mass media. While in the 1970’s 72% of the population responded that they trust the media a 'great deal/fair amount', this number dropped to 34% in 2023. Given the decreasing public trust in news, this thesis focused particularly on analyzing trust in the organization, trust in the news story and perceived credibility in AI generative content. In addition to articles created by AI, this study also aimed to analyze how the public perceives information that has been personalized and distributed …

Strategyproof Mechanisms For Group-Fair Obnoxious Facility Location Problems, Jiaqian Li, Minming Li, Hau Chan

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

We study the group-fair obnoxious facility location problems from the mechanism design perspective where agents belong to different groups and have private location preferences on the undesirable locations of the facility. Our main goal is to design strategyproof mechanisms that elicit the true location preferences from the agents and determine a facility location that approximately optimizes several group-fair objectives. We first consider the maximum total and average group cost (group-fair) objectives. For these objectives, we propose deterministic mechanisms that achieve 3-approximation ratios and provide matching lower bounds. We then provide the characterization of 2-candidate strategyproof randomized mechanisms. Leveraging the characterization, …

Altruism In Facility Location Problems, Houyu Zhou, Hau Chan, Minming Li

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

We study the facility location problems (FLPs) with altruistic agents who act to benefit others in their affiliated groups. Our aim is to design mechanisms that elicit true locations from the agents in different overlapping groups and place a facility to serve agents to approximately optimize a given objective based on agents’ costs to the facility. Existing studies of FLPs consider myopic agents who aim to minimize their own costs to the facility.We mainly consider altruistic agents with well-motivated group costs that are defined over costs incurred by all agents in their groups. Accordingly, we define Pareto strategyproofness to account …

Effects Of Voice Pitch On Social Perceptions Vary With Relational Mobility And Homicide Rate, Toe Aung, Et. Al

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Fundamental frequency (fo) is the most perceptually salient vocal acoustic parameter, yet little is known about how its perceptual influence varies across societies. We examined how fo affects key social perceptions and how socioecological variables modulate these effects in 2,647 adult listeners sampled from 44 locations across 22 nations. Low male fo increased men’s perceptions of formidability and prestige, especially in societies with higher homicide rates and greater relational mobility in which male intrasexual competition may be more intense and rapid identification of highstatus competitors may be exigent. High female fo increased women’s perceptions of flirtatiousness where relational mobility was …

Environmental Attitudes Of Local Government Scholars In Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines, Justine A. Marasigan, Ma. Larissa Lelu P. Gata

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

This study aimed to analyze the environmental attitudes of local government scholars in Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines. The quantitative research design was used to determine the level of environmental attitudes using the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) Scale. It was also utilized to examine the relationship between environmental attitudes and independent variables which include demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and economic status, academic background such as student classification, scholastic standing, scholarship privileges, and membership in student and/or youth organizations, and experience with ecological extremes. A total of 301 respondents participated in an online survey administered through Google Forms ®. The respondents …

Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions In Maize No-Till Agroecosystems In Southern Brazil Based On A Long-Term Experiment, Guilherme Rosa Da Silva, Adam J. Liska, Cimelio Bayer

Department of Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications

Brazilian agriculture is constantly questioned concerning its environmental impacts, particularly greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This research study used data from a 34-year field experiment to estimate the life cycle GHG emissions intensity of maize production for grain in farming systems under no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) combined with Gramineae (oat) and legume (vetch) cover crops in southern Brazil. We applied the Feedstock Carbon Intensity Calculator for modeling the “field-to-farm gate” emissions with measured annual soil N₂O and CH₄ emissions data. For net CO₂ emissions, increases in soil organic C (SOC) were applied as a proxy, …

Understanding Catalyst Design Principles In Transition Metal Mixed Anionic Chalcogenides For Electrocatalytic Energy Conversion, Ibrahim Abdullahi

Doctoral Dissertations

"This research focused on the synthetic design of transition metal mixed anionic chalcogenide catalysts containing various ligand types around the central metal atom (chalcogen anion and chalcogen-based organic ligand) generating diverse crystal structure types applied for water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction reactions (CO₂RR).

A series of catalysts were synthesized starting with isolated metal complexes (ME_n) with a central metal core (M = Co, Ni, Cu, and Cr) through molecular clusters, to bulk nanostructured solids of similar M-E coordination. Bis(dichalcogenoimidodiphosphinato) were employed as ligands in the metal complexes, and anionic chalcogen (E = S, Se, and …

Multiple Imputation For Robust Cluster Analysis To Address Missingness In Medical Data, Arnold Harder, Gayla R. Olbricht, Godwin Ekuma, Daniel B. Hier, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cluster Analysis Has Been Applied To A Wide Range Of Problems As An Exploratory Tool To Enhance Knowledge Discovery. Clustering Aids Disease Subtyping, I.e. Identifying Homogeneous Patient Subgroups, In Medical Data. Missing Data Is A Common Problem In Medical Research And Could Bias Clustering Results If Not Properly Handled. Yet, Multiple Imputation Has Been Under-Utilized To Address Missingness, When Clustering Medical Data. Its Limited Integration In Clustering Of Medical Data, Despite The Known Advantages And Benefits Of Multiple Imputation, Could Be Attributed To Many Factors. This Includes Methodological Complexity, Difficulties In Pooling Results To Obtain A Consensus Clustering, Uncertainty Regarding …

Wetting Transition Of 3d-Printed Surface Features, Delia Weitzel

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project aims to build on the previous research of prior students in the study of the wetting transition of a textured, 3D-printed surface. The surfaces studied will be constructed by a resin printer in the lab and will be composed of an array of uniform, microscopic pillars. Features of the textured surface, such as pillar diameter, pillar spacing, and pillar height, will be varied to study the impact on the wetting transition of water, oil, and a combination of water and oil. The wetting transition is defined as a transition from a state where the surface cavities are occupied …

Determination Of Spore Viability In Concrete Across Several Factors Using Most Probable Number, Samuel Boyer

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

To determine the lowest concentration of spore added to polyurethane-cement composite (PUCCO) particles that can still germinate after curing in concrete. This research project is a small addition to the larger research project being undertaken by Mirza Mohammed Rashiduzzaman for his Masters. The larger project involves the use of fungal spores added in concrete to act as a self-healing component when cracks form in the concrete structure over time. These spores are suspended in a protective oil and loaded into small, hardened sponge-like PUCCO cubes to act as growth points when water and air can reach the PUCCO in the …

Corrosion Inhibitors: Mitigating The Degradation Of Rebar, Jake R. Hughes

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Our conjecture was twofold: first, that two compounds historically used as food preservatives could act as environmentally friendly inhibitors against rebar corrosion, and second, that molecular properties have a quantifiable influence on inhibition efficiency (%IE). To evaluate the two compounds, cyclic potentiodynamic polarization was used to determine corrosion current density (i_corr) and %IE. The “green” inhibitor candidates included sodium metabisulfite and ascorbic acid, which yielded maximum %IE values of -123900% and 91%, respectively. Results indicated that sodium metabisulfite is not a suitable inhibitor, while ascorbic acid showed potential to extend reinforced concrete’s design life without posing health or …

Modeling Inflation Using A Fast Fourier Transform (Fft), Blake Smith

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This paper utilizes a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm to construct a trigonometric interpolant for the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which is then differentiated and used to obtain a continuous function for “instantaneous” (i.e., month-wise) inflation, as opposed to a 12-month percent-change. Fourier coefficients are analyzed to investigate underlying periodicities in the newly constructed function. This metric does not hold significant predictive value but it may prove helpful in retroactive analysis of inflation trends.

Hysplit In Simulating The Atmospheric Dispersion Of Hazardous Aerosols: A Case Study In St. Louis, Missouri, Ahmet Tolga Odabasi

Masters Theses

"Atmospheric dispersion and transmission play an important role in the behavior and effects of air pollution. Human health can be adversely affected by air pollution in a variety of ways, both immediately and over time. The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) modeling program, a computer model and software package, tracks the transport trajectories and distributions of air pollution and various pollutants, including radioactive pollutants, in the atmosphere. It also facilitates research on pollution sources. This study simulated the transport of hazardous aerosols in St. Louis region for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022 using the HYSPLIT modeling …

Branching Fractional Brownian Motion, Reece Beattie-Hauser

Masters Theses

"Fractional Brownian Motion (FBM) is a Gaussian process whose increments are correlated over long times. FBM is an example of anomalous diffusion, and recently it has been used to model the distribution of serotonergic fibers in the brain [1, 2]. To better represent these fibers, branching FBM (bFBM), where FBM trajectories may randomly split into two, is introduced. One-dimensional bFBM is studied in both sub diffusive and super diffusive regimes, examining three potential behaviors of the correlations (memory) in a branching event: both trajectories retain the memory of previous steps, only one keeps the memory, and neither keeps the memory. …

Comparative Study Of Crypto Volatility And Price Forecasting Using A Mixture Of Time Series And Machine Learning Models, Abhishek Kafle

Masters Theses

"Forecasting financial product volatility and price is crucial for informed decision-making in investment and risk management. The models considered include GARCH, LSTM, GRU, BiLSTM, and hybrid models that incorporate various combinations of these models. We present a comparative analysis of forecasting volatility and price using the aforementioned models.

We also introduce a user-friendly dashboard for model training and evaluation, enabling users to upload datasets and customize model parameters. The dashboard allows users to select the type of model, specify the dataset range for training, determine the number of epochs, adjust the number of layers for deep …

Variability In Semidiurnal Surface And Internal Tides In Global Ocean Model Simulations, Harpreet Kaur

Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on semidiurnal (D2) surface and internal tides. Chapter 2 investigates the transition of M₂ barotropic Kelvin waves into Hybrid Kelvin-Edge (HKE) waves and the associated generation of internal tides at widening shelves using theory and a realistic global baroclinic Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) simulation. To understand the effect of complex, realistic bathymetry on the HKE wave transition, we perform quasi-realistic barotropic HYCOM simulations of the Celtic Sea/Bay of Biscay shelf areas. We conclude that the HKE wave transition is most likely masked by the effects of complex bathymetry and offshelf baroclinic fluxes cannot be exclusively …

Ecocultural Monitoring And Erosion Mitigation In Powers Creek, A Baduwa’T Tributary, In Blue Lake, California, Sebastian Castillo, Lillyauna Perry, Daniel Price, Lokey Struve

Cal Poly Humboldt Capstone Honor Roll

Riparian areas are of great ecological and cultural importance. They provide a variety of ecosystem services, protecting water quality, minimizing climatological changes, and acting as valuable wildlife habitat. They are often also places of connection and access to resources for indigenous communities. Powers Creek, a tributary of the Baduwa’t, is one such place for the Blue Lake Rancheria tribal community. Through the utilization of the process based restoration methodology, our team was able to develop dynamic, place-based solutions for the environmental ails impacting Powers Creek. On-site vegetation and rock weirs were employed as low-tech bioengineering technologies in order to slow …

Eco-Cultural Restoration Of Mouralherwaqh: Site Description And Invasive Species Treatment Plan In King Salmon, California, Natalie Bridget Calderon, Myion Rickey, King Baptista, Owen Bardsley, Jillian Snowhook

Cal Poly Humboldt Capstone Honor Roll

In July of 2022, the Wiyot Tribe bought back one of their first pieces of ancestral forest within the Mouralherwaqh "more-RAH-share-wahg" village area (Wiyot, 2022). Before this repatriation, the Tribe owned less than 1% of their ancestral lands; after, the Tribe’s land holdings increased by 10% (Reclaiming Mouralherwaqh | Humboldt NOW | Cal Poly Humboldt, 2022). Mouralherwaqh is a 46 acre coastal site located near present day King Salmon, California and has high ecological and culturally significant values (Wiyot, 2022). Prior to the change of ownership, Mouralherwaqh was privately-owned and in 2014 underwent a clear-cut timber harvest within eight-acres of …

Neutrosophie : Un Cadre Interdisciplinaire Pour Une Meilleure Compréhension De L’Incertitude Et De L’Indétermination, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

La neutrosophie, un cadre philosophique et scientifique relativement récent introduit dans les années 1990,1 propose une approche robuste pour comprendre et modéliser l’indétermination, la contradiction et l’incertitude. Explorons les concepts fondamentaux de la neutrosophie et quelques diverses applications à travers plusieurs disciplines, notamment les mathématiques, la physique, la sociologie, la psychologie et la biologie.

Nuevos Tipos De Conjuntos Suaves: Conjunto Hiper Suave, Conjunto Suave Indeterminado, Conjunto Hiper Suave Indeterminado Y Conjunto Suave De Árbol, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This is an updated article, where we present the definitions and practical applications of the Soft Set and its extensions to the Hyper Soft Set, Indeterminate Soft Set, Indeterminate Hyper Soft Set, and Tree Soft Set.

Análisis Neutrosófico De Las Actitudes Hacia La Máquina De Experiencia De Nozick, Maikel Yelandi Leyva Vázquez, Jesús Estupiñán Ricardo, Noel Batista Hernández, Ricardo Sánchez Casanova, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This paper presents a neutrosophic study on attitudes towards virtual technology, with a special focus on the "Experience Machine". Employing a methodology that incorporates the theory of indecision and neutrality into response analysis, the perceptions of 50 university students were investigated. Opinions and feelings were transformed into neutrosophic numbers to calculate contradiction and conduct a detailed analysis. The results indicate a predisposition towards agreement with virtual technology, although notable indecision and a significant presence of neutral attitudes were detected. The correlations and clustering methods applied reveal a complex dynamic of attitudes, challenging binary interpretations and highlighting the need for more …

Two-Dimensional Steady Squeezing Flow Over A Vertical Porous Channel With Free Convective Heat/Mass Transfer And Invariable Suction, Zeeshan, Waris Khan, Taoufik Saidani, Florentin Smarandache, Muhammad Shahid Khan, Hamdi Ayed, M. Modather M. Abdou

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This research reports on the combined effects of heat and mass transfer (HMT) under the influences of the Soret and Dufour in natural convection steady 2D magnetohydrodynamic flow through the boundary layer in a porous vertical tube or duct. The current study is motivated by the significant applications of HMT in engineering processes such as casting and welding. The goal of this framework is to explore the assisting and opposing movements with HMT above a vertical porous channel under the influence of invariant suction and fluid dissipation which have not been reported in the earlier studies. The governing flow equations …

Plausible Photomolecular Effect And Microwave In Phase Transition Of Water As A New Dawn For Renewable Energy And Ensemble-Holistic Approach To Health Management, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Interaction among light and water molecules have baffled scientists for many decades, and even centuries. In this regards, photons in the visible spectrum, where bulk water normally doesn't absorb light, can surprisingly cleave off large water clusters from the water-vapor interface, according to a recent study by Tu and Chen (2023). This discovery, termed the "photomolecular effect," opens exciting possibilities for not only revolutionizing renewable energy but also paving the way for a more integrated-ensemble approach to health management (cf. Smarandache & Christianto, 2010; Tu & Chen, 2023; Tu et al., 2024). In a sense, other than with green or …

Neutrosophic Discrete Geometric Distribution, Rehan Ahmad Khan Sherwani, Sadia Iqbal, Shumaila Abbas, Muhammad Saleem, Muhammad Aslan, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Uncertainty, vagueness, and ambiguity surround us in many real-life problems and, therefore, always remain under consideration for researchers to quantify them. This study proposed neutrosophic discrete probability distribution as a generalization of classical or existing probability distributions, named neutrosophic geometric distribution. Case studies presented in the paper will help understand the concept and application of the proposed distribution. Several properties are derived, like the proposed distribution’s moment, characteristic, and probability-generating functions. Furthermore, the newly proposed distribution derives properties from the reliability analysis, such as survival function, hazard rate function, reversed hazard rate function, cumulative hazard rate function, mills ratio, and …

Finding A Basic Feasible Solution For Neutrosophic Linear Programming Models: Case Studies, Analysis, And Improvements, Maissam Ahmad Jdid, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Since the inception of operations research, linear programming has received the attention of researchers in this field due to the many areas of its use. The focus was on the methods used to find the optimal solution for linear models. The direct simplex method, with its three basic stages, begins by writing the linear model in standard form and then finding a basic solution that is improved according to the simplex steps until We get the optimal solution, but we encounter many linear models that do not give us a basic solution after we put it in a standard form, …

Embracing Ai In English Composition: Insights And Innovations In Hybrid Pedagogical Practices, James Hutson, Daniel Plate, Kadence Berry

Faculty Scholarship

In the rapidly evolving landscape of English composition education, the integration of AI writing tools like ChatGPT and Claude 2.0 has marked a significant shift in pedagogical practices. A mixed-method study conducted in Fall 2023 across three sections, including one English Composition I and two English Composition II courses, provides insightful revelations. The study, comprising 28 student respondents, delved into the impact of AI tools through surveys, analysis of writing artifacts, and a best practices guide developed by an honors student. Initially, the study observed a notable anxiety and mistrust among students regarding the use of AI in writing. However, …

Natural Language Processing And Neurosymbolic Ai: The Role Of Neural Networks With Knowledge-Guided Symbolic Approaches, Emily Barnes, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

Neurosymbolic AI (NeSy AI) represents a groundbreaking approach in the realm of Natural Language Processing (NLP), merging the pattern recognition of neural networks with the structured reasoning of symbolic AI to address the complexities of human language. This study investigates the effectiveness of neurosymbolic AI in providing nuanced understanding and contextually relevant responses, driven by the need to overcome the limitations of existing models in handling complex linguistic tasks and abstract reasoning. Employing a hybrid methodology that combines multimodal contextual modeling with rule-governed inferences and memory activations, the research delves into specific applications like Named Entity Recognition (NER), where architectures …

Wakening Past Concepts Without Past Data: Class-Incremental Learning From Online Placebos, Yaoyao Liu, Yingying Li, Bernt Schiele, Qianru Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Not forgetting old class knowledge is a key challenge for class-incremental learning (CIL) when the model continuously adapts to new classes. A common technique to address this is knowledge distillation (KD), which penalizes prediction inconsistencies between old and new models. Such prediction is made with almost new class data, as old class data is extremely scarce due to the strict memory limitation in CIL. In this paper, we take a deep dive into KD losses and find that "using new class data for KD"not only hinders the model adaption (for learning new classes) but also results in low efficiency for …

Tracking People Across Ultra Populated Indoor Spaces By Matching Unreliable Wi-Fi Signals With Disconnected Video Feeds, Quang Hai Truong, Dheryta Jaisinghani, Shubham Jain, Arunesh Sinha, Jeong Gil Ko, Rajesh Krishna Balan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Tracking in dense indoor environments where several thousands of people move around is an extremely challenging problem. In this paper, we present a system — DenseTrack for tracking people in such environments. DenseTrack leverages data from the sensing modalities that are already present in these environments — Wi-Fi (from enterprise network deployments) and Video (from surveillance cameras). We combine Wi-Fi information with video data to overcome the individual errors induced by these modalities. More precisely, the locations derived from video are used to overcome the localization errors inherent in using Wi-Fi signals where precise Wi-Fi MAC IDs are used to …

Continual Learning, Fast And Slow, Quang Anh Pham, Chenghao Liu, Steven C. H. Hoi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

According to the Complementary Learning Systems (CLS) theory (McClelland et al. 1995) in neuroscience, humans do effective continual learning through two complementary systems: a fast learning system centered on the hippocampus for rapid learning of the specifics, individual experiences; and a slow learning system located in the neocortex for the gradual acquisition of structured knowledge about the environment. Motivated by this theory, we propose DualNets (for Dual Networks), a general continual learning framework comprising a fast learning system for supervised learning of pattern-separated representation from specific tasks and a slow learning system for representation learning of task-agnostic general representation via …