Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Search For Supersymmetry In Events With Photons And Missing Transverse Energy In Pp Collisions At 13tev, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The results of a search for new physics in final states with photons and missing transverse energy are reported. The study is based on a sample of proton–proton collisions collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector in 2015, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb−1. Final states with two photons and significant missing transverse energy are used to search for supersymmetric particles in models of supersymmetry (SUSY) with general gauge-mediated (GGM) supersymmetry breaking. No excess is observed with respect to the standard model expectation, and the results are used to set limits on gluino …

Search For Heavy Resonances Decaying Into A Vector Boson And A Higgs Boson In Final States With Charged Leptons, Neutrinos, And B Quarks, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

A search for heavy resonances decaying to a Higgs boson and a vector boson is presented. The analysis is performed using data samples collected in 2015 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 2.2–2.5 fb−1. The search is performed in channels in which the vector boson decays into leptonic final states (Z→νν, W→ℓν, and Z→ℓℓ, with ℓ=e,μ), while the Higgs boson decays to collimated b quark pairs detected as a single massive jet. The discriminating power of a jet mass requirement and a b jet …

Multiplicity And Rapidity Dependence Of Strange Hadron Production In Pp, Ppb, And Pbpb Collisions At The Lhc, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, H Kalakhety, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

Measurements of strange hadron (KS 0, Λ+Λ‾, and Ξ−+Ξ‾+) transverse momentum spectra in pp, pPb, and PbPb collisions are presented over a wide range of rapidity and event charged-particle multiplicity. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at s=7TeV, pPb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV, and PbPb collisions at sNN=2.76TeV. The average transverse kinetic energy is found to increase with multiplicity, at a faster rate for heavier strange particle species in all systems. At similar multiplicities, the difference in average transverse kinetic energy between different particle species is observed to be larger for pp …

Observation Of The Decay B+ → Ψ(2s)Φ(1020)K+ In Pp Collisions At S=8tev, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The decay B+→ψ(2S)ϕ(1020)K+ is observed for the first time using data collected from pp collisions at s=8TeV by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6fb−1. The branching fraction of this decay is measured, using the mode B+→ψ(2S)K+ as normalization, to be (4.0±0.4(stat)±0.6(syst)±0.2(B))×10−6, where the third uncertainty is from the measured branching fraction of the normalization channel.

Measurements Of Tt¯ Cross Sections In Association With B Jets And Inclusive Jets And Their Ratio Using Dilepton Final States In Pp Collisions At S=13tev, A. M. Sirunyan, M. M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, T. Roy, F. Yumiceva, The Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The cross sections for the production of tt¯bb¯ and tt¯jj events and their ratio σtt¯bb¯/σtt¯jj are measured using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb−1collected in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events with two leptons (e or μ) and at least four reconstructed jets, including at least two identified as b quark jets, in the final state are selected. In the full phase space, the measured ratio is 0.022±0.003(stat)±0.006(syst), the cross section σtt¯bb¯ is 4.0±0.6(stat)±1.3(syst) pb and σtt¯jj is 184±6(stat)±33(syst) pb. The measurements are compared with the standard model expectations obtained …

Grasping The Void: Immersion Tactics Using Gesture Controlled Physics Interaction Systems In Virtual Reality, Avery Rapson

Senior Independent Study Theses

This thesis uses the HTC Vive in Unity to compare two different types of object interaction systems in order to determine the effectiveness of physics based interaction systems in a virtual environment. The research problem that motivates this project is the fact that there is no standardized method for defining successful object interaction techniques in VR. There are numerous interaction techniques in VR that fall short of simulating realistic object interaction. This project explores a physics based interaction system and examines how effective it is by comparing it to a non-physics based system. A model house with various interactable objects …

The Mainstream Scientific Community Is Open To Incremental But Not Holistic Ideas, Maurice Goodman

Articles

NeuroQuantology

doi: 10.14704/nq.2017.15.2.1041

Isoscalar 𝜋𝜋 Scattering And The Σ Meson Resonance From Qcd, Raúl A. Briceño, Jozef J. Dudek, Robert G. Edwards, David J. Wilson

Physics Faculty Publications

We present for the first time a determination of the energy dependence of the isoscalar ππ elastic scattering phase shift within a first-principles numerical lattice approach to QCD. Hadronic correlation functions are computed including all required quark propagation diagrams, and from these the discrete spectrum of states in the finite volume defined by the lattice boundary is extracted. From the volume dependence of the spectrum, we obtain the S-wave phase shift up to the KK¯ threshold. Calculations are performed at two values of the u, d quark mass corresponding to m_π=236,391  MeV, and the resulting amplitudes …

Role Of The Euclidean Signature In Lattice Calculations Of Quasidistributions And Other Nonlocal Matrix Elements, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Christopher J. Monahan

Physics Faculty Publications

Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) provides the only known systematic, nonperturbative method for first-principles calculations of nucleon structure. However, for quantities such as light-front parton distribution functions (PDFs) and generalized parton distributions (GPDs), the restriction to Euclidean time prevents direct calculation of the desired observable. Recently, progress has been made in relating these quantities to matrix elements of spatially nonlocal, zero-time operators, referred to as quasidistributions. Still, even for these time-independent matrix elements, potential subtleties have been identified in the role of the Euclidean signature. In this work, we investigate the analytic behavior of spatially nonlocal correlation functions and demonstrate that …

Symmetry And Reconstruction Of Particle Structure From Random Angle Diffraction Patterns, Sandi Wibowo

Theses and Dissertations

The problem of determining the structure of a biomolecule, when all the evidence from experiment consists of individual diffraction patterns from random particle orientations, is the central theoretical problem with an XFEL. One of the methods proposed is a calculation over all measured diffraction patterns of the average angular correlations between pairs of points on the diffraction patterns. It is possible to construct from these a matrix B characterized by angular momentum quantum number l, and whose elements are characterized by radii q and q’ of the resolution shells. If matrix B is considered as dot product of vectors, which …

Correction To Luminosity Measurement For The Pixel Luminosity Telescope At Cms, Krishna Thapa

Masters Theses

The search for and detailed study of new particles and forces with the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of CERN is fundamentally dependent on the precise measurement of the rate at which proton-proton collisions produce any particles, the so-called luminosity. Therefore, a new detector, the Pixel Luminosity Telescope (PLT), dedicated to measure the luminosity at high precision was added to the CMS experiment in 2015. It measures the inclusive charged particle production from each collision of proton bunches in the LHC. Additional charged particles which are observed by the instrument but produced from sources …

Art As A Tool In Quantum Mechanics, Zachary Vealey

Oglethorpe Journal of Undergraduate Research

Revolutions in scientific thought often have substantial societal consequences, however, cultural assimilation of the new idea is contingent on a widespread understanding. Historically recent developments in modern physics, such as quantum mechanics and general relativity, suffer from their notoriously perceived difficulty, thus hindering cultural assimilation. To address this issue, art can serve as a useful complement to a student studying quantum mechanics - especially through its interpretation of delocalized electron density. A cross-disciplinary approach affords a greater diversity in participation and consequently results in a broader scientific outreach.

The Role Of Partial Surface Charge Compensation In The Properties Of Ferroelectric And Antiferroelectric Thin Films, Elena Glazkova

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Ferroelectric and antiferroelectric ultrathin films have attracted a lot of attention recently due to their remarkable properties and their potential to allow for device miniaturization in numerous applications. However, when the ferroelectric films are scaled down, it brings about an unavoidable depolarizing field. A partial surface charge compensation allows to control the residual depolarizing field and manipulate the properties of ultrathin ferroelectric films. In this dissertation we take advantage of atomistic first-principles-based simulations to expand our understanding of the role of the partial surface charge compensation in the properties of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric ultrathin films.

The application of our computational …

Exoplanet Research: Differential Photometry For Kepler 6b, Garrett T. Benson, Charlotte Alexandra Olsen

IdeaFest: Interdisciplinary Journal of Creative Works and Research from Cal Poly Humboldt

No abstract provided.

College Of Science And Mathematics Newsletter, Fall 2016, College Of Science And Mathematics, Wright State University

College of Science and Mathematics Newsletters

This 6 page newsletter discusses various happenings within the College of Science and Mathematics. It begins with a letter from the dean, and continues on with news, events, alumni news, and other community news.

The Subject Librarian Newsletter, Physics, Fall 2016, Patti Mccall

Libraries' Newsletters

No abstract provided.

A Multi-Wavelength Analysis Of Cold Evolving Interstellar Clouds, Mary Spraggs

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The interstellar medium (ISM) is the dynamic system of gas and dust that fills the space between the stars within galaxies. Due to its integral role in star formation and ga-lactic structure, it is important to understand how the ISM itself evolves over time, in-cluding the process of cooling and condensing required to form new stars. This work aims to constrain and better understand the physical properties of the cold ISM with sev-eral different types of data, including large surveys of neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) 21cm spectral line emission and absorption, carbon monoxide (CO) 2.6mm line emission, and multi-band infrared …

Examination Of Resonant Modes In Microwave Cavities, Sophia Schwalbe, Gianpaolo Carosi

Student Works

The Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) looks to detect dark matter axion particles by using microwave cavities in a high magnetic eld to convert the axion's mass energy to a detectable photon. The photon frequency corresponds to the axion mass. Tuning elements in the cavities allow the resonant frequency to be changed but only certain modes couple to the axion. Interactions with additional resonant modes that do not couple to the axion cause unobservable regions in the frequency range. This research investigated new methods to move the additional resonant modes in order to observe these regions.

Inflation And The Quantum Measurement Problem, Stephon Alexander, Dhrubo Jyoti, João Magueijo

Dartmouth Scholarship

We propose a solution to the quantum measurement problem in inflation. Our model treats Fourier modes of cosmological perturbations as analogous to particles in a weakly interacting Bose gas. We generalize the idea of a macroscopic wave function to cosmological fields, and construct a self-interaction Hamiltonian that focuses that wave function. By appropriately setting the coupling between modes, we obtain the standard adiabatic, scale-invariant power spectrum. Because of central limit theorem, we recover a Gaussian random field, consistent with observations.

Flickering Analysis Of Ch Cygni Using Kepler Data, Thomas Holden Dingus

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Utilizing data from the Kepler Mission, we analyze a flickering phenomenon in the symbiotic variable star CH Cygni. We perform a spline interpolation of an averaged lightcurve and subtract the spline to acquire residual data. This allows us to analyze the deviations that are not caused by the Red Giant’s semi-regular periodic variations. We then histogram the residuals and perform moment calculations for variance, skewness, and kurtosis for the purpose of determining the nature of the flickering. Our analysis has shown that we see a much smaller scale flickering than observed in the previous literature. Our flickering scale is on …

Searches For Supersymmetric Particles With The Atlas Detector Using Boosted Decay Tree Topologies, Daniel Bullock

Physics Dissertations

The existence of a scalar Higgs particle poses a challenge to the Standard Model through an unnatural hierarchy problem with quadratic divergence. A supersymmetric framework, proposing heavy partners to every Standard Model particle, can solve this problem by introducing new loop diagrams that involve a new fermion-boson symmetry. The LHC has the potential to probe the energy scale necessary for creation of these particles and the ATLAS experiment is poised for discovery. The detected particles are studied by reconstructing the detected events in boosted frames that approximate each decay frame of the interaction with pairs of heavy, invisible particles. This …

College Of Science And Mathematics Newsletter, Summer 2016, College Of Science And Mathematics, Wright State University

College of Science and Mathematics Newsletters

This 5 page newsletter discusses various happenings within the College of Science and Mathematics. It begins with a letter from the dean, and continues on with news, events, alumni news, and other community news.

Sensitivity Of The Cuore Detector To Solar Axions, Dawei Li

Theses and Dissertations

The strong CP problem in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), predicts the neutron electric dipole moment to be a factor of 1010 larger than the observed upper bound [15]. Roberto Peccei and Helen Quinn [58, 63] proposed an elegant solution to this problem by introducing a global U(1)PQ symmetry that is spontaneously broken at an energy scale fa. A consequence of this symmetry-breaking is that a new spin-zero neutral pseudoscalar particle, the axion, is generated which is a Nambu-Goldstone boson [70, 78]. The “invisible axion” models with fa >> fEW, typically KSVZ and DFSZ models, have been proposed and recognized to be far-reaching …

Determination Of The Polarization Observables Cx, Cz, And Py For Final-State Interactions In The Reaction −!D ! K+−!N, Tongtong Cao

Theses and Dissertations

The hyperon-nucleon (YN) interaction plays a key role in hypernuclei and strange nuclear matter and is an important part of the baryon-baryon interaction. While considerable progress has been made in the understanding of the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction, the YN interaction is less known. Some parameters of the YN potential can be obtained from the NN potential by using SU(3) symmetry. However, due to broken SU(3) there are parameters, which must be obtained from fits to experimental data. High-statistics data on exclusive photoproduction off the deuteron initiated with highly-polarized photons offer a unique opportunity to extract a large sample of polarization …

Analytic Models Of Brown Dwarfs And The Substellar Mass Limit, Sree Ram Valluri, Shantanu Basu, Sayantan Auddy

Physics and Astronomy Publications

We present the analytic theory of brown dwarf evolution and the lower mass limit of the hydrogen burning main-sequence stars and introduce some modifications to the existing models. We give an exact expression for the pressure of an ideal nonrelativistic Fermi gas at a finite temperature, therefore allowing for nonzero values of the degeneracy parameter. We review the derivation of surface luminosity using an entropy matching condition and the first-order phase transition between the molecular hydrogen in the outer envelope and the partially ionized hydrogen in the inner region.We also discuss the results of modern simulations of the plasma phase …

Membership Survey Of The Alpha Persei Open Stellar Cluster, Graham Roberts

Scholars Week

Alpha Persei is a young stellar open cluster in our Galaxy. Stellar open clusters are groups of stars that formed at the same time from a single cloud in the interstellar medium. Cluster’s well defined ages allow astronomers to calibrate stellar evolution models with measurements of constituent members, and track the history of star formation in the Milky Way. Alpha Persei is relatively young, on the scale of around 100 million years old (Shiekhi et al. 2016). Alpha Per provides a key laboratory for studying the properties, such as mass, radii, temperature, etc. of young stars. We have yet to …

Elements Of The Mathematical Formulation Of Quantum Mechanics, Keunjae Go

Senior Honors Papers / Undergraduate Theses

In this paper, we will explore some of the basic elements of the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics. In the first section, I will list the motivations for introducing a probability model that is quite different from that of the classical probability theory, but still shares quite a few significant commonalities. Later in the paper, I will discuss the quantum probability theory in detail, while paying a brief attention to some of the axioms (by Birkhoff and von Neumann) that illustrate both the commonalities and differences between classical mechanics and quantum mechanics. This paper will end with a presentation of …

Measurements Of Photon Beam Intensity At The High Intensity Gamma-Ray Source (Higs) Facility For Astrophysically Relevant Photodisintegration Reaction Cross Section, Evan G. Meekins

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

How nuclear reactions in stars and stellar explosions such as supernovae have forged the elements out of hydrogen and helium leftover from the Big Bang is a longstanding, still timely research topic in nuclear astrophysics. Although there is a fairly complete understanding of the production of the chemical elements and their isotopes up to iron by nuclear fusion in stars, important details concerning the production of the elements from iron to uranium remain puzzling. Current knowledge is that the nucleosynthesis beyond iron proceeds mainly via neutron capture reactions and subsequent electron decays to stability. However, some 35 proton-rich stable isotopes, …

Fundamental Physics With Cold Neutron Beams, Kyle Brandon Grammer

Doctoral Dissertations

The neutron exhibits rich physics both as a tool for studying materials, particle and nuclear physics, as well as the object of experimental study. The neutron lifetime is an important input to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis models and is currently known only to approximately 0.3\% with the most precise measurements from two different experimental techniques in disagreement by more than 3$\sigma$ [sigma]. Parity violation has been the subject of study since its discovery in 1957. Parity violation experiments provide access to studying the hadronic weak interaction, which is otherwise suppressed by several orders of magnitude below that of the strong interaction. …

Dynamical Mechanisms Leading To Equilibration In Two-Component Gases, Stephan De Bievre, Carlos Mejia-Monasterio, Paul Ernest Parris

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Demonstrating how microscopic dynamics cause large systems to approach thermal equilibrium remains an elusive, longstanding, and actively pursued goal of statistical mechanics. We identify here a dynamical mechanism for thermalization in a general class of two-component dynamical Lorentz gases and prove that each component, even when maintained in a nonequilibrium state itself, can drive the other to a thermal state with a well-defined effective temperature.