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Archaeological Anthropology

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Variations In Paint On San Juan Red Ware, James R. Allison, Aspen Greaves Jan 2020

Variations In Paint On San Juan Red Ware, James R. Allison, Aspen Greaves

Faculty Publications

Portable x-ray fluorescence (PXRF) analysis allows rapid, non-destructive characterization of the elements present in paints on archaeological ceramics. By measuring painted and unpainted portions of San Juan Red Ware sherds s from southeastern Utah, we document variation in the elements in the paint. Iron is ubiquitous in San Juan Red Ware paints, while manganese, lead, and copper, were also sometimes present. Manganese is consistently present in black paints on later San Juan Red Wares, and is a useful tool in identifying sherds. Abajo Red-on-orange sherds discolored by exposure to fire can appear to be Bluff black-on-red, but lack manganese. Lead …

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Comparison Of Hyperspectral Imaging And Portable X-Ray Fluorescence In Ceramic Analysis And Sourcing, Zachariah J. Elliott Jan 2020

Comparison Of Hyperspectral Imaging And Portable X-Ray Fluorescence In Ceramic Analysis And Sourcing, Zachariah J. Elliott

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Recent technological advances have resulted in an abundance of instruments used in the sourcing of low-fired earthenware. However, many of these techniques are expensive, time consuming and result in the sample being damaged or destroyed. As the technology has improved, non-destructive instruments, such as portable X-ray Fluorescence devices (pXRF) have become more accurate and reliable. With advances in the field of remote sensing, handheld hyperspectral imaging devices also have the potential to be a viable nondestructive alternative to other analytical devices in ceramic sourcing. This study uses a Visual Near Infrared Reflectance (VNIR) device and a Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) device …

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Mill Cove Complex Lithic Typology: Understanding Early Mississippian Period Social Exchange In Northeastern Florida, Sherman Johns Jan 2020

Mill Cove Complex Lithic Typology: Understanding Early Mississippian Period Social Exchange In Northeastern Florida, Sherman Johns

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

A large focus of Mississippian period archaeological research concerns itself with the role groups have played in the long distance social exchange networks prevalent across the Mississippian World. The Mill Cove Complex, a Mississippian period (A.D. 900-1250) village and dual sand mound burial complex situated on the periphery of the Mississippian World in Jacksonville, Florida is one such case. The St. Johns II people living at the Mill Cove Complex had connections deep into the Mississippian southeast reaching all the way to Cahokia. Understanding the role of these unique people within the large social networks requires an examination of all …

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Forests And Farmers: A Landscape Approach To Settlement Pattern Analysis In The Bolivian Amazon, Thomas Lee Jan 2020

Forests And Farmers: A Landscape Approach To Settlement Pattern Analysis In The Bolivian Amazon, Thomas Lee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The Llanos de Mojos of the Bolivian Amazon is a domesticated landscape with a long history of management by pre-Columbian communities. This project uses a landscape approach to interpret the settlement patterns of pre-Columbian raised field farmers in west central Mojos. The pre-Columbian landscape was reconstructed by mapping the distribution of three types of landscape features: forest islands, raised agricultural fields and water systems (rivers, streams & wetlands). Previous research has identified four types of patterned clustering or 'constellations' of these landscape features in west central Mojos. These constellations and the immediate area of the landscape that surrounds them afforded …

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Fruits In Dakhleh: Isotopic And Bayesian Mixed-Model Reconstruction Of Food Source Contributions And Diet At Kellis 2 Cemetery, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, Melissa Gomez Jan 2020

Fruits In Dakhleh: Isotopic And Bayesian Mixed-Model Reconstruction Of Food Source Contributions And Diet At Kellis 2 Cemetery, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, Melissa Gomez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This thesis applies a new methodology to dietary reconstructions of a unique population excavated from Kellis 2, a Romano-Christian era (c.50-450 AD) cemetery located in the ancient city of Kellis, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt. Previously, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses were conducted on bulk hair keratin from 216 individuals to examine their dietary practices and health status. Although this research identified the presence of specific dietary choices in the community, the researchers were not able to determine what fraction of the diet was composed of those resources. This is the first such study to use a priori dietary reconstruction data …

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Lithic Technological And Functional Variability Between Mesa And Riverine Environments In The Mid-Columbia River Basin, Josh Allen Jan 2020

Lithic Technological And Functional Variability Between Mesa And Riverine Environments In The Mid-Columbia River Basin, Josh Allen

All Master's Theses

This study develops a theoretically informed method and technique to compare variability between pre-contact riverine and hinterland Mesa archaeological resources of the mid-Columbian River Basin in Central Washington. To test the developed model, the study follows suggestions made by Dr. William Smith (1977:82) to “develop a testable hypothesis” using Mesa sites and other site types across environments with a more “sophisticated system for the classification of both artifacts and features.” Three sites (Mesa 06, 12, and 36) are compared to a riverine site (45DO673) to determine how the frequency of technological and functional traits of lithic stone tools and debitage …

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Sampling The Local Fare: Fishes At The Sam Israel House Pit (45gr76), Soap Lake, Washington, Adam Fruge Jan 2020

Sampling The Local Fare: Fishes At The Sam Israel House Pit (45gr76), Soap Lake, Washington, Adam Fruge

All Master's Theses

The Sam Israel site is a precontact archaeological complex with numerous fish bones at the north end of Soap Lake, Washington. Excavated in 1976, the fish remains recovered from there were never fully analyzed prior to this research. Since this inland Columbia Plateau site had thousands of fish bones, it contained untapped potential for our understanding of ancient local fish procurement. As such, I conducted a detailed analysis of 2,862 fish bone specimens from the Sam Israel House Pit locus to: study a larger sample of fish bones in greater detail than was done before; compare the distribution of fishes …

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Coproid Predicts The Source Of Coprolites And Paleofeces Using Microbiome Composition And Host Dna Content, Maxime Borry, Bryan Cordova, Angela Perri, Marsha Wibowo, Tanvi Prasad Honap, Jada Ko, Kate Britton, Linus Girdland-Flink, Robert C. Power, Ingelise Stuijts, Domingo C. Salazar-García, Courtney Hofman, Richard Hagan, Thérèse Samdapawindé Kagoné, Nicolas Meda, Helene Carabin, David Jacobson, Karl Reinhard, Cecil Lewis, Aleksandar Kostic, Choongwon Jeong, Alexander Herbig, Alexander Hübner, Christina Warinner Jan 2020

Coproid Predicts The Source Of Coprolites And Paleofeces Using Microbiome Composition And Host Dna Content, Maxime Borry, Bryan Cordova, Angela Perri, Marsha Wibowo, Tanvi Prasad Honap, Jada Ko, Kate Britton, Linus Girdland-Flink, Robert C. Power, Ingelise Stuijts, Domingo C. Salazar-García, Courtney Hofman, Richard Hagan, Thérèse Samdapawindé Kagoné, Nicolas Meda, Helene Carabin, David Jacobson, Karl Reinhard, Cecil Lewis, Aleksandar Kostic, Choongwon Jeong, Alexander Herbig, Alexander Hübner, Christina Warinner

Karl Reinhard Publications

Shotgun metagenomics applied to archaeological feces (paleofeces) can bring new insights into the composition and functions of human and animal gut microbiota from the past. However, paleofeces often undergo physical distortions in archaeological sediments, making their source species difficult to identify on the basis of fecal morphology or microscopic features alone. Here we present a reproducible and scalable pipeline using both host and microbial DNA to infer the host source of fecal material. We apply this pipeline to newly sequenced archaeological specimens and show that we are able to distinguish morphologically similar human and canine paleofeces, as well as non-fecal …

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Walking Dena’Ina: A Cultural Landscape Report For The Telaquana Trail, Douglas Deur, Jamie Hebert, John Branson, Tricia Brown Jan 2020

Walking Dena’Ina: A Cultural Landscape Report For The Telaquana Trail, Douglas Deur, Jamie Hebert, John Branson, Tricia Brown

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Telaquana Trail is an ancient pathway ascending from the shores of Qizhjeh Vena, Lake Clark, through tundra and timbered valleys, into a high-elevation expanse of rolling tundra and smaller interior lakes nearly 50 miles north of Lake Clark. The pathway is an ancestral corridor used by Native peoples since the beginning of remembered time. Though the archaeological record of the trail is still coming into focus, it lends us important clues about the trail and how it was used. For example, archaeological evidence at places like Twin Lakes and Snipe Lake suggests that ancestral Native communities occupied and traveled …

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Salted Fish And Spawning Capitalism: The American Fur Company’S Fishing Experiment In Lake Superior, Brendan Doucet Jan 2020

Salted Fish And Spawning Capitalism: The American Fur Company’S Fishing Experiment In Lake Superior, Brendan Doucet

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The American Fur Company established and operated commercial fishing stations in Lake Superior from 1834 until the company dissolved in 1842. The role that the company played in the fur trade created ecological and economic conditions that had detrimental impacts on the Anishinaabe’s ability to practice traditional ways of life and diminished the Lake Superior region of fur bearing mammals. These conditions were exasperated in their commercial fishing efforts which brought about a transition in relations between labor, capital, and the environment. This was a period of transition for both the AFC and the Anishinaabeg who by the 1800’s had …

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Melacak Akar Kreativitas Di Kota Bandung Masa Kolonial, Achmad Sunjayadi Jan 2020

Melacak Akar Kreativitas Di Kota Bandung Masa Kolonial, Achmad Sunjayadi

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

In 2007 Bandung was designated as a pilot project for the creative cities of Asia Pacific, and in 2015 Bandung was included in the UNESCO Creative Cities Network. It is related to the development of the city of Bandung and the creativity of the population. Its creativity is formed through a process. This article traces the roots of this creativity since the beginning of its formation in the early 19th century to become the city of Bandung in the early 20th century. The method used is the historical method supported by creative cities’ and voluntary organization’s concepts. Primary sources were …

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Decolonizing Gender Identities In Indonesia: A Study Of Bissu ‘The Trans-Religious Leader’ In Bugis People, Petsy Jessy Ismoyo Jan 2020

Decolonizing Gender Identities In Indonesia: A Study Of Bissu ‘The Trans-Religious Leader’ In Bugis People, Petsy Jessy Ismoyo

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

Bhinneka Tunggal Ika is one of the pillars of Indonesia that has placed our nation and nationess to a diversity of identity, from genders, tribes, religions, to cultures. Indonesia has a long history of gender diversity that recognized various gender identities as part of the culture. Henceforth, In Indonesia, gender is not perceived in a binary way between male or female, masculine and feminine, without giving the ‘third space’ to other genders and sexuality. For example, Bugis people recognize five genders: oroané, makkunrai, calabai, calalai, and bissu, which will be examined further in this paper. In reality, a lively debate …

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Kasus Ujaran Kebencian Dalam Berita Surat Kabar Di Hindia Belanda, Fajar Muhammad Nugraha, Reynaldo De Archellie, Cresentia Carra Nethania Clement Jan 2020

Kasus Ujaran Kebencian Dalam Berita Surat Kabar Di Hindia Belanda, Fajar Muhammad Nugraha, Reynaldo De Archellie, Cresentia Carra Nethania Clement

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

This article is a preliminary study that explores past events of the Dutch East Indies colonial government, specifically describing criminal cases of hate speech or haatzaai depicted in newspaper news between 1879 and 1942. The Dutch East Indies colonial government controlled freedom of thought, expression, and politics of the native population by using the legal instruments Wetboek van Strafrecht voor Nederlandsch Indie, especially articles 154, 155, 156, and 157. These four articles are known as haatzaai artikelen. This regulation was published and enforced in the Dutch East Indies in 1918. This article uses twenty-eight newspaper news articles published in ten …

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Eksistensi Dan Pewarisan Budaya Tuku Dalam Masyarakat Pulau Ndao (Orang Ndao) Kabupaten Rote Ndao Ntt, Daud Saleh Luji Jan 2020

Eksistensi Dan Pewarisan Budaya Tuku Dalam Masyarakat Pulau Ndao (Orang Ndao) Kabupaten Rote Ndao Ntt, Daud Saleh Luji

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

On Ndao Island, Ndao Nuse Subdistrict, Rote Ndao Regency, the people have two prominent skills and have become the livelihoods of the people on the island, namely weaving skills (manènnu) and craftsmen or silversmiths (tuku). The two skills of the above Ndao island community are passed on by parents with informal and non-formal education patterns, but the two cultures experience different developments. Manènnu culture is still developing today among women while tuku culture is almost extinct. To find out the existence and cause of near extinction of Tuku’s skills, this research was carried out with the formulation of the problem …

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Secrets Of Soil: A Geochemical Investigation And Spatial Analysis Of The Early Living Floors Of Housepit 54, Bridge River, British Columbia, Nathaniel Louis Perhay Jan 2020

Secrets Of Soil: A Geochemical Investigation And Spatial Analysis Of The Early Living Floors Of Housepit 54, Bridge River, British Columbia, Nathaniel Louis Perhay

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This is an exploratory study to assess the ability of using geochemical sampling to give insight into the subsistence behavior of the inhabitants of Housepit 54 and a look at the spatial organization of activity areas on floors IId, IIe, and IIf. The geochemical make-up of soils can give great insights into former actives that have disturbed or occurred in or around the soil. Anthropogenic soils are formed through the complex interplay between humans and natural factors. This geochemical study will use chemical signatures to tease out the daily activities that were performed by the inhabitants of Housepit 54. A …

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The Built Environment At Plaza H, Cahal Pech: A Study In Resiliency, Rachel A. Steffen Jan 2020

The Built Environment At Plaza H, Cahal Pech: A Study In Resiliency, Rachel A. Steffen

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This thesis seeks to understand the human response to extreme environmental, social, and political change during the Terminal Classic (750-1050 CE) at Cahal Pech. Across the Maya lowlands, this period is distinguished by the end of divine kingships, the cessation of new monumental architecture, rapid changes in prestige goods and trade networks, and population decline at many major centers. Cahal Pech, a medium-sized ceremonial center, experienced great shifts in political power and access to resources during the Terminal Classic. This thesis attempts to understand the last occupation of the site, prior to abandonment. Field data for this study is derived …

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Ancient Maya Queenship: Generations Of Crafting State Politics And Alliance Building From Kaanul To Waka', Olivia Navarro-Farr, Keith Eppich, David A. Freidel, Griselda Perez Robles Jan 2020

Ancient Maya Queenship: Generations Of Crafting State Politics And Alliance Building From Kaanul To Waka', Olivia Navarro-Farr, Keith Eppich, David A. Freidel, Griselda Perez Robles

All Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

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Inclusive Comparisons For Undergraduates In Archaeology: Representation And Diversity In And Beyond The Classroom, Olivia Navarro-Farr Jan 2020

Inclusive Comparisons For Undergraduates In Archaeology: Representation And Diversity In And Beyond The Classroom, Olivia Navarro-Farr

All Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

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An Oceanographic Perspective On Early Human Migrations To The Americas, Thomas C. Royer, Bruce Finney Jan 2020

An Oceanographic Perspective On Early Human Migrations To The Americas, Thomas C. Royer, Bruce Finney

OES Faculty Publications

Early migrants to the Americas were likely seaworthy. Many archaeologists now agree that the first humans who traveled to the Americas more than 15,000 years before present (yr BP) used a coastal North Pacific route. Their initial migration was from northeastern Asia to Beringia where they settled for thousands to more than ten thousand years. Oceanographic conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum (18,000-24,000 yr BP) would have enhanced their boat journeys along the route from Beringia to the Pacific Northwest because the influx of freshwater that drives the opposing Alaska Coastal Current was small, global sea level was at least …

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Diet Analysis Reveals Pre-Historic Meals Among The Loma San Gabriel At La Cueva De Los Muertos Chiquitos, Rio Zape, Mexico (600–800 Ce), Elisa Pucu, Julia Russ, Karl Reinhard Jan 2020

Diet Analysis Reveals Pre-Historic Meals Among The Loma San Gabriel At La Cueva De Los Muertos Chiquitos, Rio Zape, Mexico (600–800 Ce), Elisa Pucu, Julia Russ, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Coprolites have been a source of study for archeologists due to several reasons: they not only provide information on the life and nutritional habits of ancient individuals but also on their health. In this paper, we processed 10 coprolites collected at La Cueva de Los Muertos Chiquitos (600–800 CE), Rio Zape, Mexico, with acetolysis solution for pollen analysis. The number of pollen grains/gram of each coprolite sample was quantified along with the macroscopic remains of these samples. The main food item ingested by the population was maize, followed by Agave. Squash blossoms were also part of their food source …

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Pinworm Research In The Southwest Usa: Five Decades Of Methodological And Theoretical Development And The Epidemiological Approach, Morgana Camacho, Karl Reinhard Jan 2020

Pinworm Research In The Southwest Usa: Five Decades Of Methodological And Theoretical Development And The Epidemiological Approach, Morgana Camacho, Karl Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Pinworms infected Ancestral Pueblo populations since early periods of occupation on the Colorado Plateau. The high prevalence of pinworm found in these populations was correlated with the habitation style developments through time. However, in previous studies, Turkey Pen Cave, an early occupation site, and Salmon Ruins, a late occupation site, exhibited prevalences that were anomalously low, suggesting that these sites were outliers. Alternatively, it is possible that the previous quantification method was not successful in detecting the real prevalence and eggs per gram, which led to inexact interpretations. The aims of this study were to verify if previous pinworm prevalences …

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Results Of A Second Season Of Paleolithic Survey In The Agig Area: The Red Sea Region Of The Sudan, Amanuel Beyin, Abubakr Abdelrahman Adam, Ahmed Alhaj O. Balela, Boshra Abdella Adem Jan 2020

Results Of A Second Season Of Paleolithic Survey In The Agig Area: The Red Sea Region Of The Sudan, Amanuel Beyin, Abubakr Abdelrahman Adam, Ahmed Alhaj O. Balela, Boshra Abdella Adem

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

One of the contentious issues in paleoanthropology today concerns the geographic route/routes through which hominins (early humans) left Africa. The Nile corridor and the Strait of Bab al-Mandab (the southern Red Sea) are commonly cited as the likely routes by which hominins dispersed out of East Africa (Van Peer 1998; Derricourt 2005; Beyin 2006). However, the extent to which hominin movements remained confned to these regions is unclear. The western periphery of the Red Sea (WPRS) occupies a critical geographic location to be considered as an ideal region to assess the role of coastal habitats in hominin survival, and the …

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The Integration Of Lidar And Legacy Datasets Provides Improved Explanations For The Spatial Patterning Of Shell Rings In The American Southeast, Dylan S. Davis, Robert Dinapoli, Matthew Sanger, Carl Lipo Jan 2020

The Integration Of Lidar And Legacy Datasets Provides Improved Explanations For The Spatial Patterning Of Shell Rings In The American Southeast, Dylan S. Davis, Robert Dinapoli, Matthew Sanger, Carl Lipo

Anthropology Datasets

Archaeologists have struggled to combine remotely sensed datasets with preexisting information for landscape-level analyses. In the American Southeast, for example, analyses of lidar data using automated feature extraction algorithms have led to the identification of over 40 potential new pre-European-contact Native American shell ring deposits in Beaufort County, South Carolina. Such datasets are vital for understanding settlement distributions, yet a comprehensive assessment requires remotely sensed and previously surveyed archaeological data. Here, we use legacy data and airborne lidar-derived information to conduct a series of point pattern analyses using spatial models that we designed to assess the factors that best explain …

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Metaphorical Cities - Behind The Cover Art, Elana Melissa Hill Dec 2019

Metaphorical Cities - Behind The Cover Art, Elana Melissa Hill

The STEAM Journal

This is a reflection on how cities function like organisms. An artist's interpretation of the spaces surrounding them.

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Metaphorical Cities, Elana Melissa Hill Dec 2019

Metaphorical Cities, Elana Melissa Hill

The STEAM Journal

This is a reflection on how cities function like organisms. An artist's interpretation of the spaces surrounding them.

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Beyond City And Country At Mycenae: Urban And Rural Practices In A Subsistence Landscape, Lynne A. Kvapil, Jacqueline A. Meier, Gypsy Price, Kim Shelton Dec 2019

Beyond City And Country At Mycenae: Urban And Rural Practices In A Subsistence Landscape, Lynne A. Kvapil, Jacqueline A. Meier, Gypsy Price, Kim Shelton

Lynne A. Kvapil

No abstract provided.

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Pertarungan Jurnalisme Dan Sastra Dalam Menguak Kebenaran, Dessy Wahyuni Dec 2019

Pertarungan Jurnalisme Dan Sastra Dalam Menguak Kebenaran, Dessy Wahyuni

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

The existence of facts in journalism can be manipulated, while the truth settles in literature. Although both types of writing, namely news texts, which contain facts, and literary texts, which contain fiction, depart from the same reality, the estuary of the truth in it can be different because it is seen from different perspectives and interests. For these various interests, silencing in journalism often occurs. Facts are circumcised, overhauled, and arranged in such a way as to produce new facts. Meanwhile, in literature, facts are packaged using imagination to disguise the truth as if it did not happen. For this …

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Representasi Perempuan Jawa Dalam Serat Wulang Putri: Analisis Wacana Kritis, Atin Fitriana Dec 2019

Representasi Perempuan Jawa Dalam Serat Wulang Putri: Analisis Wacana Kritis, Atin Fitriana

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

The Javanese culture has a specific perspective on the ideal figure of women. This perspective is generally manifested in the classical texts, for example, in Serat Wulang Putri Adisara. Written by Nyi Adisara. Serat Wulang Putri contains the teachings for royal daughters in living their life as Javanese women based on Javanese teachings. In this manuscript, the readers can see the women figure portrayed from the perspective of a woman writer. This paper discusses the ideal women’s discourse in Serat Wulang Putri using the approach of critical discourse analysis from van Dijk. The analysis is conducted by considering the text’s …

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Kosakata Musik Sebagai Ranah Sumber Ungkapan Metaforis, Adityarini Kusumaningtyas, Setiawati Darmojuwono Dec 2019

Kosakata Musik Sebagai Ranah Sumber Ungkapan Metaforis, Adityarini Kusumaningtyas, Setiawati Darmojuwono

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

In Indonesian, music vocabulary is not only used to describe music but also used to express various non-musical concepts. That means music vocabulary has the potential to occupy the source domain in metaphorical mapping. The study aims at describing the vocabulary of music as the source domain of metaphorical expressions in Indonesian and explaining the relation of metaphorical meanings to the music field. The study was qualitative research. The data of the study was collected from the corpus of Indonesian in the Sketch Engine. The data was Indonesian sentences having the vocabulary of nada, melodi, harmoni, and dinamika in which …

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Masyarakat Jejaring, Media Sosial, Dan Transformasi Ruang Publik: Refleksi Mengenai Fenomena Arab Spring Dan “Teman Ahok”, Satya Anggara, Herdito Sandi Pratama Dec 2019

Masyarakat Jejaring, Media Sosial, Dan Transformasi Ruang Publik: Refleksi Mengenai Fenomena Arab Spring Dan “Teman Ahok”, Satya Anggara, Herdito Sandi Pratama

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

The information technology revolution has produced a network society that Manuel Castells characterizes as space of flows and timeless time. Network logic is inclusive to various dimensions of human life and is exclusive to those who are not involved in the network. In a network society the public sphere is expanding, dynamic and increasingly interactive due to the Internet mediation. The transformation of public space also spreads political power amongst the public. An example is the birth of various volunteer groups that have extensive networks in a short time without face-to-face processes. There have also been various attempts to embrace …

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