Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Assessment Of Symptom, Disability, And Financial Trajectories In Patients Hospitalized For Covid-19 At 6 Months, Andrew J Admon, Theodore J Iwashyna, Lee A Kamphuis, Stephanie J Gundel, Sarina K Sahetya, Ithan D Peltan, Steven Y Chang, Jin H Han, Kelly C Vranas, Kirby P Mayer, Aluko A Hope, Sarah E Jolley, Ellen Caldwell, Max L Monahan, Katrina Hauschildt, Samuel M Brown, Neil R Aggarwal, B Taylor Thompson, Catherine L Hough

Student and Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Individuals who survived COVID-19 often report persistent symptoms, disabilities, and financial consequences. However, national longitudinal estimates of symptom burden remain limited.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the incidence and changes over time in symptoms, disability, and financial status after COVID-19-related hospitalization.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A national US multicenter prospective cohort study with 1-, 3-, and 6-month postdischarge visits was conducted at 44 sites participating in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Prevention and Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury Network's Biology and Longitudinal Epidemiology: COVID-19 Observational (BLUE CORAL) study. Participants included hospitalized English- or Spanish-speaking adults without severe prehospitalization …

Sit Less, Move More: A National Study Of Physical-Activity Behavior And Cancer, Stella O. Nwogugu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Background: Physical activity is associated with lower risks of cancer, the second leading cause of death among Americans. Yet, sedentary behavior is the prevailing lifestyle for about 80% of American adults. Additionally, cancer survivors remain significantly inactive, even though physical activity has been shown to decrease risk of cancer and cancer recurrence, improve tolerance of cancer therapy, and reduce mortality. This research explores the relative impact of personal agency, social support, and key demographic variables on physical-activity behavior for a national sample of adults as well as how these relationships differ for cancer survivors and their counterparts.

Methods: Using the …

Biological Correlates Of The Effects Of Auricular Point Acupressure On Pain, Chao Hsing Yeh, Nada Lukkahatai, Xinran Huang, Hulin Wu, Hongyu Wang, Jingyu Zhang, Xinyi Sun, Thomas J Smith

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: To identify candidate inflammatory biomarkers for the underlying mechanism of auricular point acupressure (APA) on pain relief and examine the correlations among pain intensity, interference, and inflammatory biomarkers.

DESIGN: This is a secondary data analysis.

METHODS: Data on inflammatory biomarkers collected via blood samples and patient self-reported pain intensity and interference from three pilot studies (chronic low back pain, n = 61; arthralgia related to aromatase inhibitors, n = 20; and chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, n = 15) were integrated and analyzed. This paper reports the results based on within-subject treatment effects (change in scores from pre- to post-APA intervention) for …

Executive Function In Autism: Association With Adhd And Asd Symptoms, Rachel R Lee, Anthony R Ward, David M Lane, Michael G Aman, Katherine A Loveland, Rosleen Mansour, Deborah A Pearson

Student and Faculty Publications

There is substantial comorbidity between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and there are well-documented executive functioning (EF) deficits in both populations. An important question concerns whether EF deficits in children with ASD are related to severity of ASD, ADHD, or both. We examined ADHD and ASD symptoms in relation to ratings of EF in the home and classroom. The sample comprised 64 children (55 males) diagnosed with ASD (mean age = 9.26 years; mean FSIQ = 92). Analyses indicated that parent and teacher ratings of EF (except Shift and Emotional Control) were consistently related to ADHD …

Disrupted White Matter Microstructure Correlates With Impulsivity In Children And Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder, Tianjia Zhu, Alessio Simonetti, Minhui Ouyang, Sherin Kurian, Johanna Saxena, Jair C Soares, Kirti Saxena, Hao Huang

Student and Faculty Publications

Altered white matter (WM) microstructure likely occurs in children with bipolar disorder (BD) with impulsivity representing one of the core features. However, altered WM microstructures and their age-related trendlines in children with BD and those at high-risk of developing BD, as well as correlations of WM microstructures with impulsivity, have been poorly investigated. In this study, diffusion MRI, cognitive, and impulsivity assessments were obtained from children/adolescents diagnosed with BD, offspring of individuals with BD (high-risk BD) and age-matched healthy controls. A novel atlas-based WM skeleton measurement approach was used to quantify WM microstructural integrity with all diffusion-tensor-imaging (DTI) metrics including …

Race, Gender, Physical Activity, And Cancer: A Quantitative Investigation, Shawna A. Townsend

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Black women are more likely to die from cancer than any other population in the United States. Physical activity is known to be associated with preventing and reducing cancer burden. However, Black women are less physically active than their White counterparts and have a higher prevalence of diseases related to lack of physical activity than any other female group. To better understand these issues, this study employed the self-and-family management framework and intersectionality as theoretical frameworks through a secondary analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) dataset and hierarchical regression modeling to examine the relative impact of (a.) …

Factors Associated With Technology Adoption By Community-Dwelling Older Adults During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Elizabeth A. Sutton

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The COVID-19 pandemic brought to the forefront the disparity between older and younger Americans in the utilization of information and communication technologies (ICT) when measures such as the COVID vaccine rollout were dependent on technology use. Technology adoption has implications for overall health and the continuation of disparities in technology adoption is associated with poor aging outcomes. The aim of this study was to understand factors associated with technology adoption by community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. A nationally representative sample of 2,954 community-dwelling older adults who completed the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) COVID-19 Questionnaire was …

A Grounded Theory Of Counselors’ Post-Graduation Development Of Disability Counseling Effectiveness, Michele Rivas, Nicole R. Hill

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Many persons with disabilities engage in counseling services in a variety of settings. However, the development trajectories of counselors who seek to compensate for the lack of training and advance their post-graduation skillset to work effectively with clients with disabilities has not been explored. This grounded theory study illuminated several dimensions involved in twenty-one Licensed Professional Counselors’ post-graduation development of disability counseling effectiveness. In this study, counseling effectiveness refers to self-perceived improved skillset rather than a benchmark (i.e., competence). The core category, Evolving Commitments, was common to all participants’ trajectories when developing disability counseling effectiveness. The other categories (causal conditions, …

The U.S. Should Increase Access To Medication For Opioid Use Disorder Among Incarcerated Individuals, Cody Nagle

Population Health Research Brief Series

Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is among the most common medical diagnoses for people in jails and prisons. Those leaving incarceration without substance use treatment are 40 times more likely than the general public to have a fatal overdose, making it the leading cause of death for people recently released. This brief describes the use of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) and Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) as realistic and legally protected approaches to reducing overdoses upon exiting incarceration. It also calls for federal regulation and guidance on the use of MOUD in prisons, jails, and drug courts to ensure each …

Smoking Behaviour And Its Impact On The Quality Of Life Of The Beneficiary Families Of Social Assistance Funds In East Java, Indonesia, Renny Nurhasana, Suci Puspita Ratih, Rara Warih Gayatri, Tika Dwi Tama, Ni Made Shellasih, Aryana Satrya, Fadhilah Rizky Ningtyas, Nurul Muhafilah

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

The government implements social assistance programs for poor families and vulnerable groups. Therefore, the implementation is still facing various challenges. One of the toughest challenges is smoking behaviour. As the income has been increasing, the cigarette’s expense is also high. Cigarette’s expenditure substitutes other basic needs, such as nutritional foods, health, and education expenses. This study analyses smoking behaviour in social assistance recipients and its impact on quality of life. By using qualitative method, particularly the Rapid Assessment Procedure, data were obtained through in-depth interviews. The study uses purposive method to collect samples in East Java, both Malang City and …

Honors Thesis – Awareness Of Autism In Black And Brown Communities, Varun Kota

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects a multitude of races and ethnicities as its impact varies from person to person. ASD is typically diagnosed around the age of two to three years old since signs and symptoms of Autism become clinically apparent at that time. Increased reporting of Autism in local communities has surged from diagnostic tools and criteria. However, even with these advancements, the African American community suffers a delayed diagnosis of ASD. This issue poses problems for both the parents and children with Autism and has broader implications for the South Florida community; opportunities are limited for developmental services …

Dispute Analysis Of Claims For Patients With Covid-19: A Case Study At Hospital X Class B In Bantul Regency, Beby Antika Putri, Firdaus Hafidz, Yulita Hendrartini

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

The Indonesian Government established referral hospitals for COVID-19 as an effort in combating the pandemic. Referral hospitals for COVID-19 submit their services’ claims to the Ministry of Health. Hospital X in Bantul experienced challenges in submitting COVID-19 claims and underwent claim disputes which caused delays in payment process. This research aimed to explore the factors that led to the disputes over the COVID-19 claims. This descriptive research was conducted with a qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews and observations. The additional descriptive analysis used secondary data COVID-19 claim dispute file reports from 2020. The results showed that the highest criteria of …

Potrait Of Public Private Partnership Policy Substances In Regional Hospitals In Indonesia, Masyitoh Basabih

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Public Private Partnership (PPP) is a strategy of the Indonesian Government to deal with budget constraints and overcome gaps in infrastructure, access, and quality of health services. PPP on the operational cooperation (KSO) model is the oldest and most widely applied practice by regional hospitals in Indonesia. The implementation of KSO must refer to government policies in the form of laws and regulations. Since its initial implementation until today, the Ministry of Home Affairs, as the body that oversees the local government, has not carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the KSO policy. This study was carried out by conducting …

User Perceptions Of The Quality Of The Pedulilindungi Application Based On The Dimensions Of Electronic Service Quality (E-Service Quality) During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Gabriela Bianca, Kurnia Sari, Purnawan Junadi

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

The use of a contact tracing application is one of the efforts made to overcome the global COVID-19 pandemic with an increasing number of cases. The contact tracing application used in Indonesia is PeduliLindungi which is one of the requirements for accessing public areas, which was initially applied to the Java-Bali region. However, in its use, there are still challenges that affect the quality of electronic services. This study aims to analyze user perceptions of the service quality of the PeduliLindungi application based on the E-Servqual dimension. The method used is observational with a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design. …

Policy Considerations For The Utilization And Rationalization Of Ppe In Maternal Care During Covid-19 Pandemic – Literature Review, Mas Aditya Soebangil, Ascobat Gani, Puput Oktamianti

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Policies regarding utilizing and rationalizing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic challenge every healthcare service provider. Within the maternal health sector, it is suspected that the negative perception of patients and the lack of implementation and compliance with infection prevention and control policies disrupt the quality of care provided. This research is a narrative review highlighting all proper considerations for using and rationalizing PPE within the maternal health sector. Articles are gathered and filtered from well-known scientific publishing sites, and ten articles became the main discussion of this research. The utilization of PPE impacts all levels of maternal …

Predicting Suicidal And Self-Injurious Events In A Correctional Setting Using Ai Algorithms On Unstructured Medical Notes And Structured Data, Hongxia Lu, Alex Barrett, Albert Pierce, Jianwei Zheng, Yun Wang, Chun Chiang, Cyril Rakovski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Suicidal and self-injurious incidents in correctional settings deplete the institutional and healthcare resources, create disorder and stress for staff and other inmates. Traditional statistical analyses provide some guidance, but they can only be applied to structured data that are often difficult to collect and their recommendations are often expensive to act upon. This study aims to extract information from medical and mental health progress notes using AI algorithms to make actionable predictions of suicidal and self-injurious events to improve the efficiency of triage for health care services and prevent suicidal and injurious events from happening at California's Orange County Jails. …

Effectiveness Of Telemedicine In Diabetes Management: A Retrospective Study In An Urban Medically Underserved Population Area (Umupa), Lisa Ariellah Ward, Gulzar H. Shah, Jeffery A. Jones, Linda Kimsey, Hani M. Samawi

Department of Health Policy and Community Health Faculty Publications

This paper examines the efficacy of telemedicine (TM) technology compared to traditional face-to-face (F2F) visits as an alternative healthcare delivery service for managing diabetes in populations residing in urban medically underserved areas (UMUPAs). Retrospective electronic patient health records (ePHR) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were examined from 1 January 2019 to 30 June 2021. Multiple linear regression models indicated that T2DM patients with uncontrolled diabetes utilizing TM were similar to traditional visits in lowering hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. The healthcare service type significantly predicted HbA1c % values, as the regression coefficient for TM (vs. F2F) showed a significant negative association …

Post Total Hip Arthroplasty Pseudo- Tumour – A Rare Case Report., Dr Harisha H L, Dr Vikram Patil, Dr Gurumurthy B

Radiology Teaching Files

A 62-year-old female came with complaints of slow growing mass in the left hip region for 4-5 months, associated with dull aching pain. Range of movements were restricted due to pain and mass. She underwent Total Hip arthroplasty (THA) 11 months ago.

Caffey Disease – A Rare Case Report., Dr Sudha Kiran Das, Vikram Patil Dr

Radiology Teaching Files

8 month old male infant with localized swelling of the thigh, fever and irritability.

A Survey With Interventional Components Delivered On Tablet Devices Versus Usual Care To Increase Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Cisgender Black Women: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Mandy J Hill, Angela M Heads, Robert Suchting, Angela L Stotts

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Cisgender (cis) Black women in the USA are more likely to become HIV positive during their lifetime than other women. We developed and implemented a behavioral intervention, Increasing PrEP (iPrEP), the first pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed at motivating cis Black women to be willing to use PrEP for HIV prevention and attend an initial PrEP clinic visit following an emergency department visit.

METHODS: Eligible participants were Black cisgender women ages 18-55 years who acknowledged recent condomless sex and substance use. Participants were randomized to iPrEP or usual care (UC). iPrEP is a survey-based intervention designed to raise …

The End Of The “Chemical Imbalance” Theory Of Depression - What Now?, Austin Brown

Population Health Research Brief Series

For decades, those diagnosed with depression have been told they suffer from a “chemical imbalance.” This explanation involves neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, thought to be the main neurochemical responsible for major depressive disorders. Growing research challenges this theory and the need for medication therapies for depressive symptoms. This brief summarizes new findings examining the theory that depression is caused by a chemical imbalance and calls for healthcare professionals and patients to consider the market influences and social structures that impact health.

Accessibility, Acceptance, And Equity: Examining Disability-Linked Health Disparities As Nursing And Communication Scholars, Sarah Parsloe, Stacey M. Carroll

Nursing Communication

People with disabilities (PWD) experience health disparities, often related to contextual factors beyond the physical differences in body structure and function. The purpose of this article was to develop a research agenda for nursing and communication scholars that explores how developing accessible and empowering communication environments in healthcare contexts might mitigate disability-linked health disparities. We focused on two broad research objectives: developing both accessible communication environments and empowering communication environments in healthcare settings. Elements proposed as comprising accessible communication environments were: making health literacy accessible, addressing complex communication needs, and communicating the embodied experience of disability. Empowering communication environments were …

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Natural History, Pathophysiology And Translational Perspectives, Giulio Accarino, Antonio Nicola Giordano, Martina Falcone, Adriana Celano, Maria Giovanna Vassallo, Giovanni Fornino, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Carmine Vecchione, Gennaro Galasso

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative pathology that affects the infrarenal segment of the aorta, leading to its progressive dilatation and eventually rupture. The infrarenal segment is involved in 80% of the aortic aneurisms, and represents alone 30% of all aneurysms. The natural history of the disease is characterized by the progressive increase of the aortic diameter associated with proportionally higher risk of rupture, particularly for cases with diameter greater than 5.5 cm. In case of rupture the mortality rate is very high, independently from the endovascular or surgical treatment. The most important risk factors are older age, …

Gm Allotypes And Covid-19. A Pilot Study Performed On Sicilian Patients, Mattia Emanuela Ligotti, Anna Calabrò, Giulia Accardi, Anna Aiello, Calogero Caruso, Claudia Colomba, Danilo Di Bona, Giovanni Duro, Aryan M Namboodiri, Antonino Tuttolomondo, Janardan P Pandey, Giuseppina Candore

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

Several studies suggest that genetic variants that influence the onset, maintenance and resolution of the immune response might be fundamental in predicting the evolution of COVID-19. In the present paper, we analysed the distribution of GM allotypes (the genetic markers of immunoglobulin γ chains) in symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 patients and in healthy controls, all born and residing in Sicily. Indeed, the role played by GM allotypes in immune responses and infection control is well known. Our findings show that the GM23 allotype is significantly reduced in healthy controls. Interestingly, in a previous study, Sicilians carrying the GM23 allotype were …

Translating The Results Of A Selective Decontamination Of The Digestive Tract Trial Into Efficacious Real-Life Interventions, Ornella Piazza, Giovanni Boccia, Carolina Ciacci, Francesco De Caro, Amelia Filippelli, Gianluigi Franci, Pasquale Pagliano

Translational Medicine @ UniSa

No Abstract for this article type.

Factors In Primary Care Use Among Young Adult Refugees From Burma And Bhutan In Early Resettlement: Findings From Colorado, Sarah Brewer, Jini Puma

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

Background: Young adult refugees have suboptimal primary care use in early resettlement—domains of integration influence primary care engagement during this time.

Methods: Adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate odds of (1) having a primary care exam and (2) identification of a primary care provider (PCP) as predicted by domains of integration among young adult refugees (n=154) from Burma and Bhutan across four years following resettlement.

Results: Overall integration and predisposing factors, such as language and cultural knowledge, were lower odds of having a primary care provider. Enabling factors such as having insurance and knowing how to make an …

Delivering Occupation-Based Practice In Stroke Rehabilitation Of Hospital Settings: Thai Occupational Therapists’ Experiences, Anuchart Kaunnil, Veerawat Sansri, Surachart Thongchoomsin, Kannika Permpoonputtana, Sutinun Juntorn, Kathryn Jarvis, Cristina Reyes Smith, Michael Palapal Sy, Jiranan Griffiths, Chutikorn Nopparat, Peeradech Thichanpiang

The Qualitative Report

Occupation-based practice (OBP) is central to the practice of occupational therapists where occupations or meaningful activities become the focus of the assessment, intervention, and outcomes measurement process. Although occupational therapists practising in Thailand claim that they engage in OBP, this claim warrants empirical investigation. This study aimed to investigate the experiences and perceptions of hospital-based occupational therapists of OBP within stroke rehabilitation. Utilizing a qualitative design, fourteen occupational therapists were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews until data saturation was reached. Each interview was recorded and transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Five …

"Women Are Again Unsafe": Preventing Violence And Poor Maternal Outcomes During Current Floods In Pakistan, Sarmad Muhammad Soomar, Abir Arefin, Salman Muhammad Soomar

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Cortical Connectomic Mediations On Gamma Band Synchronization In Schizophrenia, Xiaoming Du, Stephanie Hare, Ann Summerfelt, Bhim M Adhikari, Laura Garcia, Wyatt Marshall, Peng Zan, Mark Kvarta, Eric Goldwaser, Heather Bruce, Si Gao, Hemalatha Sampath, Peter Kochunov, Jonathan Z Simon, L Elliot Hong

Student and Faculty Publications

Aberrant gamma frequency neural oscillations in schizophrenia have been well demonstrated using auditory steady-state responses (ASSR). However, the neural circuits underlying 40 Hz ASSR deficits in schizophrenia remain poorly understood. Sixty-six patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 85 age- and gender-matched healthy controls completed one electroencephalography session measuring 40 Hz ASSR and one imaging session for resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) assessments. The associations between the normalized power of 40 Hz ASSR and rsFC were assessed via linear regression and mediation models. We found that rsFC among auditory, precentral, postcentral, and prefrontal cortices were positively associated with 40 Hz ASSR in …

Prescription Drug Retail Sales In The Mountain West, Caren Royce Yap, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Health

This fact sheet synthesizes data on prescription drug retail sales in the Mountain West (Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah). "Retail Sales for Prescription Drugs Filled at Pharmacies by Payer," a 2019 report by the Kaiser Family Foundation, includes data on the amount of retail sales for prescription drugs made in each state by dollar amount, along with the method of coverage, including commercial, Medicare, Medicaid and cash payment.