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Articles 31321 - 31350 of 38819

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Possible Role Of Membrane Lipids In The Exceptionally Long Life Of The Short-Beaked Echidna, Tachyglossus Aculeatus, Anthony J. Hulbert, Lyn Beard, Gordon Grigg Jan 2010

The Possible Role Of Membrane Lipids In The Exceptionally Long Life Of The Short-Beaked Echidna, Tachyglossus Aculeatus, Anthony J. Hulbert, Lyn Beard, Gordon Grigg

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The short-beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) is an exceptionally long-living mammal having a maximal lifespan of -50 years. This is about four times that predicted from its body mass and, consequently, its longevity quotient is ∼4.This longevity quotient is similar to two other exceptionally long-living mammalian species; the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) and Homo sapiens. In recent times, the types of fats that make up cellular membrane have been implicated in the determination of a species' maximum lifespan. This modification of the oxidative stress theory of aging, which has been called the membrane pacemaker theory of aging, derives from the fact …

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From The Editor, Linda C. Tapsell Jan 2010

From The Editor, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Front Of Pack Daily Intake Labelling On Australian Packaged Foods: Introduction And Use 2007-2009, P Williams, R Duncan, K De Agnoli, A Hull, A Owers, T Wang Jan 2010

Front Of Pack Daily Intake Labelling On Australian Packaged Foods: Introduction And Use 2007-2009, P Williams, R Duncan, K De Agnoli, A Hull, A Owers, T Wang

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to measure the extent of use of front-of-pack daily intake (DI) labelling across food categories in Australian supermarkets, and assess the level of compliance with the Australian Food and Grocery Council (AFGC) guidelines. Surveys of six supermarkets in the Illawarra region of New South Wales were conducted twice a year in 2007, 2008 and 2009. The number of products with DI labelling increased from 58 in February 2007 to 1939 in August 2009 and appears to be growing strongly. The greatest number of products with the labelling are in the biscuits and crackers, cooking sauces, breakfast cereals, …

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Intake Of Isoflavone And Lignan Phytoestrogens And Associated Demographic And Lifestyle Factors In Older Australian Women, Katherine Hanna, Sheila O'Neill, Philippa M. Lyons-Wall Jan 2010

Intake Of Isoflavone And Lignan Phytoestrogens And Associated Demographic And Lifestyle Factors In Older Australian Women, Katherine Hanna, Sheila O'Neill, Philippa M. Lyons-Wall

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The purpose was to determine intake of phytoestrogens in a sample of older Australian women, and to investi-gate associated lifestyle factors. Subjects were an age-stratified sample of 511 women aged 40-80 y, randomly selected from the electoral roll and participating in the Longitudinal Assessment of Ageing in Women at the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess isoflavone and lignan intake over the past month from food and supplements using a 112-item phytoestrogen frequency questionnaire. Data were also collected on nutrient intakes, physical activity, smoking, alcohol, non-prescription supplements, hormone therapy, education and occupation. Logistic regression …

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Evaluating The Impact Of The Dandenong Public Drinking Campaign, Lance R. Barrie, Sandra C. Jones, Dona Macik, Peter Griffith Jan 2010

Evaluating The Impact Of The Dandenong Public Drinking Campaign, Lance R. Barrie, Sandra C. Jones, Dona Macik, Peter Griffith

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In 2009, Dandenong launch a campaign targeting drinking in public places using stencils, posters and stickers in community settings and bottle-shops. An evaluation was undertaken and 152 participants completed a survey where elements of the Health Belief Model (HBM) were explored. Over 65% of respondents reported that they had seen at least 4 different advertisements, suggesting that the campaign dissemination was very effective. The campaign had a high recall rate and over 25% of people had either stopped or intended to stop drinking in public places. Overall, awareness of the negative effects of drinking in public increased; however no follow …

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Alcohol Energy Drinks: Is It Time For The Alcohol Industry To Demonstrate Some Corporate Social Responsibility?, Sandra Jones Jan 2010

Alcohol Energy Drinks: Is It Time For The Alcohol Industry To Demonstrate Some Corporate Social Responsibility?, Sandra Jones

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

There is increasing evidence of association between AEDs and both increased alcohol consumption and increased alcohol-related harm. Australia lags behind other countries in researching and regulating (alcoholic and non-alcoholic) energy drinks. Twelve focus groups were conducted with 12-17 year olds in a capital city, regional city and rural city in NSW, Australia. AEDs were popular among teenagers in urban, regional and rural areas of NSW. Adolescents liked AEDs because they provide increased energy while allowing them to feel the effects of alcohol, and because of their similarity to non-alcohol energy drinks and soft drinks. Given the industry’s stated position on …

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Toddler Milk Advertising In Australia: The Infant Formula Ads We Have When We Don’T Have Infant Formula Ads, Nina J. Berry, Sandra Jones, Donald Iverson Jan 2010

Toddler Milk Advertising In Australia: The Infant Formula Ads We Have When We Don’T Have Infant Formula Ads, Nina J. Berry, Sandra Jones, Donald Iverson

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The Marketing in Australia of Infant Formula: Manufacturers’ and Importers’ Agreement (MAIF) prevents manufacturers and importers from advertising infant formula. However, toddler milks, which share brand identities with infant formula, are advertised freely; and recent research suggests consumers fail to distinguish between advertising for infant formula and for toddler milk. This study examined whether Australian parents recalled having seen advertisements for ‘formula’. Most respondents (66.8%) reported seeing an advertisement for infant formula, with those who had only seen non-retail advertising more than twice as likely to believe that they had seen such an advertisement as those who had only seen …

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Process Evaluation Of An Innovative Sun Protection Intervention Targeting Adolescents, Sandra C. Jones, Keryn M. Johnson, Donald C. Iverson, Jeffrey Thom Jan 2010

Process Evaluation Of An Innovative Sun Protection Intervention Targeting Adolescents, Sandra C. Jones, Keryn M. Johnson, Donald C. Iverson, Jeffrey Thom

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The purpose of the current intervention was to target a defined segment of the adolescent population with a sun protection ‘offering’ that positioned sun protection as beneficial and addressed identified barriers (particularly inconvenience and image). A community intervention was conducted in one defined geographic region over the 2009/2010 Summer school holidays. Key elements of the intervention included the distribution of augmented products, promotional materials with a pre-tested impactful message, and partnerships with community and commercial organisations. The intervention was successful in creating interest and attention among adolescents. This paper reports on the process evaluations, focusing on barriers, facilitators and lessons …

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Australian Mental Health Consumers' Contributions To The Evaluation And Improvement Of Recoveryoriented Service Provision, Sarah L. Marshall, Lindsay G. Oades, Trevor P. Crowe Jan 2010

Australian Mental Health Consumers' Contributions To The Evaluation And Improvement Of Recoveryoriented Service Provision, Sarah L. Marshall, Lindsay G. Oades, Trevor P. Crowe

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Genetic Adult Lactase Persistence Is Associated With Risk Of Crohn's Disease In A New Zealand Population, Deborah Nolan, Dug Yeo Han, Wen Jiun Lam, Angharad R. Morgan, Alan G. Fraser, Linda C. Tapsell, Lynnette R. Ferguson Jan 2010

Genetic Adult Lactase Persistence Is Associated With Risk Of Crohn's Disease In A New Zealand Population, Deborah Nolan, Dug Yeo Han, Wen Jiun Lam, Angharad R. Morgan, Alan G. Fraser, Linda C. Tapsell, Lynnette R. Ferguson

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is an infective agent found in ruminants and milk products, which has been suggested to increase the risk of gastrointestinal inflammation in genetically susceptible hosts. It is hypothesized that lactase persistence facilitates exposure to such milk products increasing the likelihood of adverse outcomes. Individuals either homozygous or heterozygous for the T allele of DNA variant, rs4988235, located 14kb upstream from the LCT locus, are associated with having lactase persistence. The aim of this study was to determine whether lactase persistence as evident by the T allele of rs4988235 is associated with Crohn’s Disease (CD) …

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Immune Factors In The Neuregulin-1 Knockout Mouse Model Of Schizophrenia, P Snikeris, Xu-Feng Huang, Elisabeth T. Frank Jan 2010

Immune Factors In The Neuregulin-1 Knockout Mouse Model Of Schizophrenia, P Snikeris, Xu-Feng Huang, Elisabeth T. Frank

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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The Local Dynamics Of Thermal Sweat Suppression Following A Systemic Cholinergic Blockade, Christiano A. Machado-Moreira, Peter L. Mclennan, Stephen Lillioja, W Van Dijk, Joanne N. Caldwell, Nigel A. S Taylor Jan 2010

The Local Dynamics Of Thermal Sweat Suppression Following A Systemic Cholinergic Blockade, Christiano A. Machado-Moreira, Peter L. Mclennan, Stephen Lillioja, W Van Dijk, Joanne N. Caldwell, Nigel A. S Taylor

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Thermal Load And Physical Mobility Implications Of Body Armour Systems With Different Levels Of Protection, Daniel C. Billing, Jace R. Drain, Anne Van Den Heuvel, Gregory E. Peoples, Aaron J. Silk, Nigel A.S Taylor, Mark J. Patterson Jan 2010

Thermal Load And Physical Mobility Implications Of Body Armour Systems With Different Levels Of Protection, Daniel C. Billing, Jace R. Drain, Anne Van Den Heuvel, Gregory E. Peoples, Aaron J. Silk, Nigel A.S Taylor, Mark J. Patterson

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Does Exercise Have A Role In The Management Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?, Herbert Groeller, Sandra Lowe, Anthony Worsley, Arthur Jenkins Jan 2010

Does Exercise Have A Role In The Management Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?, Herbert Groeller, Sandra Lowe, Anthony Worsley, Arthur Jenkins

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with a marked increase in the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Engaging in vigorous recreational physical activity prior to and during pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of developing GDM. In contrast, evidence of a therapeutic effect from participation in a structured exercise training regimen, although promising, is limited and requires further more substantial investigation. This paper briefly reviews the pathophysiology of GDM, the evidence related to physical activity participation and exercise regimen intervention on GDM, and the clinical considerations required for prescribing exercise. Key Words: gestational diabetes mellitus • …

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Do Non-Cholinergic Efferent Pathways Have A Functional Relevance During The Thermal And Non-Thermal Stimulation Of Human Eccrine Sweat Glands?, Christiano A. Machado-Moreira, Peter L. Mclennan, Stephen Lillioja, W Van Dijk, Joanne N. Caldwell, Nigel A. S Taylor Jan 2010

Do Non-Cholinergic Efferent Pathways Have A Functional Relevance During The Thermal And Non-Thermal Stimulation Of Human Eccrine Sweat Glands?, Christiano A. Machado-Moreira, Peter L. Mclennan, Stephen Lillioja, W Van Dijk, Joanne N. Caldwell, Nigel A. S Taylor

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Industry Self-Regulation Of Food Marketing To Children: Reading The Fine Print, Lana Hebden, Lesley King, Bridget P. Kelly, Kathy Chapman, Christine Innes-Hughes Jan 2010

Industry Self-Regulation Of Food Marketing To Children: Reading The Fine Print, Lana Hebden, Lesley King, Bridget P. Kelly, Kathy Chapman, Christine Innes-Hughes

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Issue addressed: Despite the evidence showing the negative influences of food marketing on children’s dietary beliefs and behaviours, and risk of adiposity, regulatory action to limit unhealthy food marketing has made little progress within Australia. Our aim was to describe and critically examine the Australian Food and Grocery Council’s (AFGC) approach to self-regulate food marketing to Australian children through the Responsible Marketing to Children Initiative (Initiative). Methods: The Initiative’s core principles and the commitments of the 16 signatory companies (as at December 2009) were assessed in terms of their capacity to limit unhealthy food advertising in media accessed by children. …

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Reviewing The Meanings Of Wellbeing And Wellness And Their Implications For Food Choice, Anne Mcmahon, Peter Williams, Linda C. Tapsell Jan 2010

Reviewing The Meanings Of Wellbeing And Wellness And Their Implications For Food Choice, Anne Mcmahon, Peter Williams, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Wellness and wellbeing are terms found in a broad range of literature such as economics, social science, food marketing and general social commentary. These terms are often used in contexts which encompass mental, physical and emotional health as well as broader more esoteric aspects of life satisfaction such as happiness. The terms wellness and wellbeing are also used ubiquitously and variably in health practice. However, there is limited understanding about the terms’ use in the broader health promotion context and how consumers might interpret these terms in the context of food and nutrition messages. The primary aim of this paper …

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Do Clinical Outcome Measures Assess Consumer-Defined Recovery?, Retta Andresen, Peter Caputi, Lindsay G. Oades Jan 2010

Do Clinical Outcome Measures Assess Consumer-Defined Recovery?, Retta Andresen, Peter Caputi, Lindsay G. Oades

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

There is an international call for mental health services to become recovery-oriented, and also to use evidence based practices. Addressing this call requires recovery-oriented measurement of outcomes and service evaluation.Mental health consumers view recovery as leading as meaningful life, and have criticised traditional clinical measures for being too disability-oriented. This study compares three measures of consumer-defined recovery fromenduring mental illness: the Recovery Assessment Scale, the Mental Health Recovery Measure and the Self-Identified Stage of Recovery, with four conventional clinical measures. Correlational analyses supported the convergent validity of the recovery measures, although certain subscaleswere unrelated to each other. More importantly, little …

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Case Study In Academic And Industry Collaboration: The Development Of An Adolescent Targeted Sun Protection Intervention In Nsw, Melinda Williams, Sandra Jones, Donald Iverson, Peter Caputi, Sofia Potente Jan 2010

Case Study In Academic And Industry Collaboration: The Development Of An Adolescent Targeted Sun Protection Intervention In Nsw, Melinda Williams, Sandra Jones, Donald Iverson, Peter Caputi, Sofia Potente

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Academic and industry collaboration is increasingly identified as a critical element in the future health of Australians through linking theory and practice, with the major priority for academic institutions being the identification of new knowledge and the transfer of this knowledge into changes in policy and health services. Collaborations between academia and industry are increasingly encouraged in Australia by research funding schemes such as ARCLinkage and, more recently, NHMRC Partnerships. While a recent US study suggests that such schemes have a moderate effect on academics’ propensity to work with industry (Bozeman and Gaughan, 2007), industry groups have recognised the value …

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Hope And Improvements In Mental Health Service Providers' Recovery Attitudes Following Training, Janaka D. Salgado, Frank P. Deane, Trevor P. Crowe, Lindsay G. Oades Jan 2010

Hope And Improvements In Mental Health Service Providers' Recovery Attitudes Following Training, Janaka D. Salgado, Frank P. Deane, Trevor P. Crowe, Lindsay G. Oades

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Examining The Pathways Linking Chronic Sleep Restriction To Obesity, Christopher A. Magee, Xu-Feng Huang, Donald C. Iverson, Peter Caputi Jan 2010

Examining The Pathways Linking Chronic Sleep Restriction To Obesity, Christopher A. Magee, Xu-Feng Huang, Donald C. Iverson, Peter Caputi

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

A growing number of studies have identified chronic sleep restriction as a potential risk factor for obesity. This could have important implications for how obesity is prevented and managed, but current understanding of the processes linking chronic sleep restriction to obesity is incomplete. In this paper, we examined some of the pathways that could underlie the relationship between chronic sleep restriction and obesity. This involved exploring some of the potential environmental, health, behavioral, and sociodemographic determinants of chronic sleep restriction, which require further investigation in this context. Three pathways that could potentially link chronic sleep restriction to obesity were then …

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Exploring Identity Within The Recovery Process Of People With Serious Mental Illnesses, Kellie Buckley-Walker, Trevor P. Crowe, Peter Caputi Jan 2010

Exploring Identity Within The Recovery Process Of People With Serious Mental Illnesses, Kellie Buckley-Walker, Trevor P. Crowe, Peter Caputi

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To examine self-identity within the recovery processes of people with serious mental illnesses using a repertory grid methodology. Method: Cross-sectional study involving 40 mental health service consumers. Participants rated different "self" and "other" elements on the repertory grid against Constructs related to recovery, as well as other recovery focused measures. Results: Perceptions of one's "ideal self" represented more advanced recovery in contrast to perceptions of "a person mentally unwell." Current perceptions of self were most similar to perceptions of "usual self" and least similar to "a Person who is mentally unwell." Increased identification with one's "ideal self" reflected increased …

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The Development Of A Pre-Registration Nursing Competencies Assessment Tool For Use Across Australian Universities, Patrick A. Crookes, Roy Brown, Phill Della, Denise Dignam, Helen Edwards, Helen Mccutcheon Jan 2010

The Development Of A Pre-Registration Nursing Competencies Assessment Tool For Use Across Australian Universities, Patrick A. Crookes, Roy Brown, Phill Della, Denise Dignam, Helen Edwards, Helen Mccutcheon

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Preparing For An Ageing Population: A Survey Of Older Patients' Attitudes To General Practice Registrars, Andrew D. Bonney, Sandra C. Jones, Lyn Phillipson, Donald C. Iverson Jan 2010

Preparing For An Ageing Population: A Survey Of Older Patients' Attitudes To General Practice Registrars, Andrew D. Bonney, Sandra C. Jones, Lyn Phillipson, Donald C. Iverson

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The ageing population makes it imperative to provide appropriate training for general practice registrars (GPRs) in the community-based care of older patients. However, data suggest that older patients may be less willing to consult GPRs for chronic/complex care; adversely affecting training opportunities and potentially the satisfaction of older patients in training practices. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to investigate this concern in the Australian context and develop models of older patient-GPR interaction that are acceptable to patients.

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Beat It: Diabetes Lifestyle And Physical Activity Program - The Effects And Affordability Of A 12-Week Community Based, Physical Activity Program For People With Or At Risk Of Diabetes, Bronwyn Penny, Joel Tuccia, Marc A. Brown Jan 2010

Beat It: Diabetes Lifestyle And Physical Activity Program - The Effects And Affordability Of A 12-Week Community Based, Physical Activity Program For People With Or At Risk Of Diabetes, Bronwyn Penny, Joel Tuccia, Marc A. Brown

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Suggestibility, Dissociation And Positive Schizotypy, Emma Barkus, John Stirling, John Cavill Jan 2010

Suggestibility, Dissociation And Positive Schizotypy, Emma Barkus, John Stirling, John Cavill

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract. 94 participants, drawn from a parent sample of 1206 individuals who had previously taken part in an assessment of the factor structure of the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE), were designated into groups differentiated in terms of low, moderate or high levels of positive schizotypy. All also completed the dissociative experiences scale (DES) and the Inventory of Suggestibility (IS). Our findings suggest that higher reported levels of dissociative experiences and higher suggestibility both independently predict higher scores of positive schizotypy, although suggestibility appears to be a stronger predictor than dissociation.

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Short Term Effects Of Energy Restriction And Dietary Fat Sub-Type On Weight Loss And Disease Risk Factors, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka Batterham, Xu-Feng Huang, Sze Yen Tan, Grigorijs Teuss, Karen E. Charlton, Jane E. O'Shea, Eva M. Warensjo Jan 2010

Short Term Effects Of Energy Restriction And Dietary Fat Sub-Type On Weight Loss And Disease Risk Factors, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka Batterham, Xu-Feng Huang, Sze Yen Tan, Grigorijs Teuss, Karen E. Charlton, Jane E. O'Shea, Eva M. Warensjo

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background and aims: Decreasing energy intake relative to energy expenditure is the indisputable tenet of weight loss. In addition to caloric restriction modification of the type of dietary fat may provide further benefits. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of energy restriction alone and with dietary fat modification on weight loss and adiposity, as well as on risk factors for obesity related disease. Methods and results: One-hundred and fifty overweight men and women were randomized into a 3 month controlled trial with four low fat (30% energy) dietary arms: (1) isocaloric (LF); (2) isocaloric with …

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Calculating Clinically Significant Change: Applications Of The Clinical Global Impressions (Cgi) Scale To Evaluate Client Outcomes In Private Practice, Peter Kelly Jan 2010

Calculating Clinically Significant Change: Applications Of The Clinical Global Impressions (Cgi) Scale To Evaluate Client Outcomes In Private Practice, Peter Kelly

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale is a therapist-rated measure of client outcome that has been widely used within the research literature. The current study aimed to develop reliable and clinically significant change indices for the CGI, and to demonstrate its application in private psychological practice. Following the guidelines developed by Clement, a file review was conducted of the authors’ first six years working in private practice. A reliable change on the CGI required the participants score to change by 2-points. Depending on the method used to calculate the clinical change indices, between 23% and 50% of the total participants …

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Food Fairness Illawarra: Factors Enabling An Effective Coalition To Ensure A Fair Food Future, Deanne Condon-Paoloni, Robyn Tindall, K Tavener-Smith, Jenny Norman, Vanessa John Jan 2010

Food Fairness Illawarra: Factors Enabling An Effective Coalition To Ensure A Fair Food Future, Deanne Condon-Paoloni, Robyn Tindall, K Tavener-Smith, Jenny Norman, Vanessa John

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Food security, access to appropriate, nutritious food on a regular, reliable basis, is a human right and core to Australia’s future. However, it is increasingly recognised that groups in the Australian community are food insecure, including >6% of Illawarra residents. In recognition of this, Food Fairness Illawarra formed as a community alliance to promote a fair food future for residents. Collaborative community partnerships and coalitions are a core Ottawa Charter strategy for enhancing health. It is important therefore to evaluate the effectiveness of such coalitions in promoting community food security. The effectiveness of Food Fairness Illawarra as a community coalition …

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How Different Is Different? Investigating Criteria For Different Identity Judgments, Harold C. Hill, Michelle Corcoran, Peter Claes, John Clement Jan 2010

How Different Is Different? Investigating Criteria For Different Identity Judgments, Harold C. Hill, Michelle Corcoran, Peter Claes, John Clement

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Any face seen for the first time will have a closet neighbour in memory. In order to avoid false alarms, we must be able to distinguish similar from identical faces. Work is reported investigating same/different judgments as a function difference in three dimensional shape defined in terms of standard deviation in a principal component based face space. The aim is to determine the criterion difference below which observers respond “same”. A threshold corresponding to a dprime of 1 was also calculated. Both were first measured under three conditions – same view images, different view images and animated images of the …

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