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Articles 32251 - 32280 of 38801

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Transition To Work Roles Among Youth In Rajasthan, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council Jan 2009

Transition To Work Roles Among Youth In Rajasthan, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Achieving full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people is one of the targets articulated under the Millennium Development Goals and ratified by countries worldwide, including India. Reflecting India’s commitment to meeting the employment needs of its citizens, new policy and programmatic initiatives have been launched in recent years. It is important to take stock of the extent to which youth are equipped to make a successful transition to work roles and the extent to which they are making that transition. This policy brief aims to do so for the state of Rajasthan. Specifically, …

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Trade Liberalization, Inter-Industry Wage Differentials And Job Quality In Egyptian Manufacturing [Arabic], Shireen Al Azzawi, Mona Said Jan 2009

Trade Liberalization, Inter-Industry Wage Differentials And Job Quality In Egyptian Manufacturing [Arabic], Shireen Al Azzawi, Mona Said

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

No abstract provided.

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The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Guatemala 2002/2006, Population Council Jan 2009

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Guatemala 2002/2006, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Guatemala 2002/06” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

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The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Jordan 2007, Population Council Jan 2009

The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Jordan 2007, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Jordan 2007” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …

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Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007, Tamil Nadu, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council Jan 2009

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007, Tamil Nadu, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report is the result of a sub-national study undertaken by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai and the Population Council, New Delhi, as part of a project to collect information on key transitions experienced by youth in India. The report focuses on findings from the survey conducted in Tamil Nadu. The Youth Study findings highlight the need for further study in terms of formative research that explores in greater depth the factors impeding successful transitions to adulthood, in the areas, for example, of secondary school completion, economic activity, sexual relations, and marriage and parenthood. The study alerts us …

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Mesures De La Qualité De L'Emploi Au Maroc: Vers La Construction D'Un Indicateur Composite, Touhami Abdelkhalek, Aziz Ajbilou, Mohamed Benkassmi Jan 2009

Mesures De La Qualité De L'Emploi Au Maroc: Vers La Construction D'Un Indicateur Composite, Touhami Abdelkhalek, Aziz Ajbilou, Mohamed Benkassmi

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

La qualité de l’emploi, son approche et sa mesure sont devenues des préoccupations majeures de plusieurs pays et organisations internationales dont le Bureau International du Travail (BIT). Dans ce travail, nous essayons de poser ce problème pour la première fois au Maroc. La prise de conscience relative à ce phénomène s’est retrouvée au cœur des débats dans les pays en développement, surtout ceux qui ont connu une libéralisation accrue des échanges et des ajustements sur les législations du marché du travail. Au Maroc, comme dans d’autres pays, un constat encourageant a été enregistré avec la baisse tendancielle du taux de …

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Health Communication Theories: Implications For Hiv Reporting In Asia And The Pacific, Trevor Cullen Jan 2009

Health Communication Theories: Implications For Hiv Reporting In Asia And The Pacific, Trevor Cullen

Research outputs pre 2011

This paper focuses on the expanding HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) epidemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific region and recommends the adoption of insights from particular health communication theories. The author argues that these paradigms can assist in broadening the current scope and content of HIV reporting. One theory in particular - Social Change Communication (SCC) - challenges the media to extend the framing of HIV from primarily a health story to one that is linked to more macro socio-economic, cultural and political factors. Asian and Pacific countries that have an emerging or expanding HIV epidemic need to realise …

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Youth Participation In Civil Society And Political Life In Rajasthan, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council Jan 2009

Youth Participation In Civil Society And Political Life In Rajasthan, International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Youth participation in civil society and political life is increasingly recognized as an important development objective. The opportunities for participation that young people experience in their communities may influence their development and the kind of transitions they make to adulthood. Behaviors and attitudes relating to community participation that individuals adopt as young people predict their lifelong civic affiliations and perspectives. In India, the National Youth Policy 2003 has underscored the role of India’s youth in political decision-making, and has argued for greater representation of youth in appropriate bodies as well as more extensive youth participation in the design and implementation …

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Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007, Executive Summary, Tamil Nadu [Tamil], International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council Jan 2009

Youth In India: Situation And Needs 2006-2007, Executive Summary, Tamil Nadu [Tamil], International Institute For Population Sciences (Iips), Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This executive summary presents, in brief, findings on the situation of youth in Tamil Nadu, part of a subnational study undertaken by the International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, and the Population Council, New Delhi, as part of a project to collect information on key transitions experienced by youth in India. Transitions include those related to education, workforce participation, sexual activity, marriage, health and civic participation, the magnitude and patterns of young people’s sexual and reproductive practices before, within, and outside of marriage, as well as related knowledge, decision-making, and attitudes. The project was implemented in six states of India, …

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Commercial Sex Workers In Five Ethiopian Cities: A Baseline Survey For Usaid Targeted Hiv Prevention Program For Most-At-Risk Populations, Woldemariam Girma, Annabel Erulkar Jan 2009

Commercial Sex Workers In Five Ethiopian Cities: A Baseline Survey For Usaid Targeted Hiv Prevention Program For Most-At-Risk Populations, Woldemariam Girma, Annabel Erulkar

HIV and AIDS

This report presents findings from a baseline survey of commercial sex workers (CSWs) that was undertaken in five Ethiopian cities. 2,050 CSWs were interviewed for the survey. CSW were disproportionally young and came from extremely disadvantaged backgrounds. Most respondents also cited negative working standards from another profession, or family responsibilities as reasons leading to sex work. Condom use was very high but use may be inconsistent or over-reported and should be studied further. Findings also propose additional advocacy for positive peer support groups, more HIV testing for at-risk populations, and addressing violence among CSWs and other Ethiopian women.

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Affective Decision-Making Predictive Of Chinese Adolescent Drinking Behaviors, Lin Xiao, Antoine Bechara, Jerry L. Grenard, Alan W. Stacy, Paula Palmer, Yonglan Wei, Yong Jia, Xiaolu Fu, C. Anderson Johnson Jan 2009

Affective Decision-Making Predictive Of Chinese Adolescent Drinking Behaviors, Lin Xiao, Antoine Bechara, Jerry L. Grenard, Alan W. Stacy, Paula Palmer, Yonglan Wei, Yong Jia, Xiaolu Fu, C. Anderson Johnson

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

The goal of the current investigation was to address whether affective decision making would serve as a unique neuropsychological marker to predict drinking behaviors among adolescents. We conducted a longitudinal study of 181 Chinese adolescents in Chengdu city, China. In their 10th grade (ages 15–16), these adolescents were tested for their affective decision-making ability using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and working memory capacity using the Self-Ordered Pointing Test. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess academic performance and drinking behaviors. At 1-year follow-up, questionnaires were completed to assess drinking behaviors, and the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale was used to examine …

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Kawasaki Syndrome In Texas, Alberto Coustasse, Julius J. Larry, Witold Migala, Cody Arvidson, Karan P. Singh Jan 2009

Kawasaki Syndrome In Texas, Alberto Coustasse, Julius J. Larry, Witold Migala, Cody Arvidson, Karan P. Singh

Management Faculty Research

The authors examined hospitalization rates of Kawasaki Syndrome (KS) among Texas children to isolate clusters, identify demographic disparities, and suggest possible causative factors. Using a retrospective cross-sectional study design, they studied 330 KS cases from 2,818,460 hospital discharges. The majority of the cases (61.5%) occurred within the 1-4-years-old category, representing the highest hospitalization rate (14.3 per 100,000 children). Almost 75% of the KS population was less than 5 years old, with hospitalization rates approximately 8 times higher than that of all other children (p < .05). KS diagnosis occurred for only 49.4% of all KS cases upon admission. Along with high-density clusters identified in major metropolitan areas, the authors found the highest rates of KS among Asian and Pacific Islander and non-Hispanic black children. Genetic predispositions and access to healthcare issues may explain the results. The authors recommend improving educational initiatives with healthcare providers and establishing KS as a reportable condition.

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The Tactile Motion Aftereffect, Peggy Joanne Planetta Jan 2009

The Tactile Motion Aftereffect, Peggy Joanne Planetta

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The tactile motion aftereffect (tMAE) is a perceptual phenomenon in which illusory motion is reported following adaptation to a unidirectionally moving tactile stimulus. Unlike its visual counterpart, relatively little is known about the tMAE. For that reason, the purpose of this dissertation was to gain a better understanding of the tMAE using both psychophysical and neuroimaging techniques. In a series of five experiments the skin was adapted using a plastic cylinder with a square-wave patterned surface. Chapter 2 consists of two experiments, both of which adapted the glabrous surface of the right hand. Experiment 1 showed that the prevalence, duration, …

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Method For Measurement Of Viral Fusion Kinetics At The Single Particle Level, Daniel L. Floyd, Stephen C. Harrison, Antoine M. Van Oijen Jan 2009

Method For Measurement Of Viral Fusion Kinetics At The Single Particle Level, Daniel L. Floyd, Stephen C. Harrison, Antoine M. Van Oijen

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Membrane fusion is an essential step during entry of enveloped viruses into cells. Conventional fusion assays typically report on a large number of fusion events, making it difficult to quantitatively analyze the sequence of the molecular steps involved. We have developed an in vitro, two-color fluorescence assay to monitor kinetics of single virus particles fusing with a target bilayer on an essentially fluid support. Influenza viral particles are incubated with a green lipophilic fluorophore to stain the membrane and a red hydrophilic fluorophore to stain the viral interior. We deposit a ganglioside-containing lipid bilayer on the dextran-functionilized glass surface of …

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Visualizing Single-Molecule Dna Replication With Fluorescence Microscopy, Nathan Tanner, Joseph J. Loparo, Antoine M. Van Oijen Jan 2009

Visualizing Single-Molecule Dna Replication With Fluorescence Microscopy, Nathan Tanner, Joseph J. Loparo, Antoine M. Van Oijen

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We describe a simple fluorescence microscopy-based real-time method for observing DNA replication at the single-molecule level. A circular, forked DNA template is attached to a functionalized glass coverslip and replicated extensively after introduction of replication proteins and nucleotides (Figure 1). The growing product double-strand DNA (dsDNA) is extended with laminar flow and visualized by using an intercalating dye. Measuring the position of the growing DNA end in real time allows precise determination of replication rate (Figure 2). Furthermore, the length of completed DNA products reports on the processivity of replication. This experiment can be performed very easily and rapidly and …

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Teacher Education Students' Use Of Concept Maps As Cognitive Tools Within Assessment, Victoria Neville, Sue Bennett, Lori Lockyer Jan 2009

Teacher Education Students' Use Of Concept Maps As Cognitive Tools Within Assessment, Victoria Neville, Sue Bennett, Lori Lockyer

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Poster that was presented at the HERDSA 2009 Conference.

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Faces Of The Teouma Lapita People: Art, Accuracy And Facial Approximation, Susan Hayes, Frederique Valentin, Hallie Buckley, Matthew Spriggs, Stuart Bedford Jan 2009

Faces Of The Teouma Lapita People: Art, Accuracy And Facial Approximation, Susan Hayes, Frederique Valentin, Hallie Buckley, Matthew Spriggs, Stuart Bedford

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In 2008 we completed facial approximations of four individuals from the early Lapita Culture, a seafaring people who were the first to settle the islands of the Western Pacific circa 3000 years ago. Typically an approximation is performed as a 3D sculpture or using computer graphics. We chose to sketch what we have been able to determine from the remains because the artistic conventions of drawing work with visual perception in ways that are more complementary to the knowledge, theories and methods that make up the facial approximation of human remains.

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Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating Of Young Quartz Using The Fast Component, Alastair C. Cunningham, Jakob Wallinga Jan 2009

Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating Of Young Quartz Using The Fast Component, Alastair C. Cunningham, Jakob Wallinga

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

have attempted to isolate the fast component of the quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signal using a curve-fitting procedure. By pre-determining the decay constants, the procedure is simple enough to be scripted, allowing a large number of aliquots to be processed. A Monte Carlo error routine is used, in which simulated decay curves are fitted with several exponentials, which vary in their decay rates according to the measured distributions of fast and medium component decay rates. The derived error term is closely related to the intensity of the fast component signal, but is also influenced by the degree of similarity …

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Crvena Stijena Excavations 2004 - 2006, Preliminary Report, Mile Bakovic, Bojana Mihailovic, Dusan Mihailovic, Mike W. Morley, Zvezdana Vusovic-Lucic, Robert Whallon, Jamie Woodward Jan 2009

Crvena Stijena Excavations 2004 - 2006, Preliminary Report, Mile Bakovic, Bojana Mihailovic, Dusan Mihailovic, Mike W. Morley, Zvezdana Vusovic-Lucic, Robert Whallon, Jamie Woodward

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The excavations and geological studies made in 2004-2006 at the Paleolithic site of Crvena Stijena in Montenegro are described in preliminary form. Earlier exca vations hadre moved virtually all of the layers later than the Middle Paleolithic, as well as a large part of the Mid dle Paleolithic, leaving a 9 m tall profile through these deposits. A small deposit of in tact Mesolithic layersr emained, however, and the Mesolithic materials recov ered in 2004-2006 are pre sented in some detail, along with accompanying 14C dates. Geological in vestigations were made of the entire remaining section of Middle Paleolithic deposits. …

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Characterizing The Litter In Postfire Environments: Implications For Seedling Recruitment, Andrew J. Denham, Robert Whelan, Tony D. Auld Jan 2009

Characterizing The Litter In Postfire Environments: Implications For Seedling Recruitment, Andrew J. Denham, Robert Whelan, Tony D. Auld

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Litter accumulation after fire influences the magnitude of seed predation and seed germination. How litter accumulation and patchiness influence postfire seedling recruitment is poorly known. Species with persistent seed banks have seeds available for germination in the immediate postfire period. In contrast, plants with transient seed banks must flower after fire to place seeds in the postfire habitat. In southeastern Australian sclerophyll forests, most seedling recruitment occurs within 3 yr after fire. We found that less litter had accumulated in sites mass, including some species with very light seeds. In contrast, the seed mass of transient seed bank species is …

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Are Patients Willing Participants In The New Wave Of Community-Based Medical Education In Regional And Rural Australia?, Judith Hudson, Kathryn M. Weston, Elizabeth Farmer, Rowena Ivers, Russell W. Pearson Jan 2009

Are Patients Willing Participants In The New Wave Of Community-Based Medical Education In Regional And Rural Australia?, Judith Hudson, Kathryn M. Weston, Elizabeth Farmer, Rowena Ivers, Russell W. Pearson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of paper that was presented at General Practice Education and Training Convention 2009, Adelaide, South Australia, 2-3 September 2009.

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A Community Outbreak Of Meningococcal Serogroup B Disease In Western Sydney: The Challenges Of Identification And Significance, Andrew Jardine, George Truman, Vicky Sheppeard, Denise Gibbons, Jane Thomas, Kathryn M. Weston Jan 2009

A Community Outbreak Of Meningococcal Serogroup B Disease In Western Sydney: The Challenges Of Identification And Significance, Andrew Jardine, George Truman, Vicky Sheppeard, Denise Gibbons, Jane Thomas, Kathryn M. Weston

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The Communicable Diseases Network Australia guidelines provide information for early clinical and public health management of meningococcal disease, including community outbreaks. While community outbreaks of meningococcal serogroup C infections have been reported, community outbreaks of meningococcal serogroup B infections have not been declared in Australia. Three cases of meningococcal serogroup B disease occurred in 2 adjacent suburbs in western Sydney in Spring 2008. Although the temporal and geographic proximity of these cases fulfilled the criteria for a community outbreak, difficulties in establishing an epidemiological or serosubgroup link, and arbitrary definition of the term 'community' provide challenges for identifying such outbreaks. …

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Intensive Versus Conventional Glucose Control In Critically Ill Patients, S Finfer, R Bellomi, D Blair, S Y-S Su, D Foster, V Dhingra, D Cook, P Dodek, W R. Henderson, P C. Hebert, D K. Heyland, C Mcarthur, E Mcdonald, I Mitchell, J A. Myburgh, R Nor-Ton, J Potte, Blake Robinson Jan 2009

Intensive Versus Conventional Glucose Control In Critically Ill Patients, S Finfer, R Bellomi, D Blair, S Y-S Su, D Foster, V Dhingra, D Cook, P Dodek, W R. Henderson, P C. Hebert, D K. Heyland, C Mcarthur, E Mcdonald, I Mitchell, J A. Myburgh, R Nor-Ton, J Potte, Blake Robinson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background The optimal target range for blood glucose in critically ill patients remains unclear. Methods Within 24 hours after admission to an intensive care unit(ICU), adults who were expected to require treatment in the ICU on 3 or more consecutive days were randomly assigned to undergo either intensive glucose control, with a target blood glucose range of 81 to 108 mg per deciliter(4.5 to 6.0 mmol per liter), or conventional glucose control, with a target of 180 mg or less per deciliter(10.0 mmol or less per liter). We defined the primary end point as death from any cause within 90 …

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A Randomized Controlled Trial Of An Exercise Intervention Targeting Cardiovascular And Metabolic Risk Factors For Prostate Cancer Patients From The Radar Trial, Daniel A. Galvão, Nigel Spry, Dennis R. Taaffe, James W. Denham, David Joseph, David S. Lamb, Gregory Levin, Gillian Duchesne, Robert U. Newton Jan 2009

A Randomized Controlled Trial Of An Exercise Intervention Targeting Cardiovascular And Metabolic Risk Factors For Prostate Cancer Patients From The Radar Trial, Daniel A. Galvão, Nigel Spry, Dennis R. Taaffe, James W. Denham, David Joseph, David S. Lamb, Gregory Levin, Gillian Duchesne, Robert U. Newton

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy leads to a number of adverse effects including deterioration of the musculoskeletal system and increased risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic complications. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects, efficacy, retention and compliance of a physical exercise intervention in a large established cohort of prostate cancer patients from the Randomised Androgen Deprivation and Radiotherapy (RADAR) study. Specifically, we aim to compare short- and long-term effects of a prostate cancer-specific supervised exercise program to a standard public health physical activity strategy utilizing printed resources on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. Our primary outcomes are …

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A Phase Iii Clinical Trial Of Exercise Modalities On Treatment Side-Effects In Men Receiving Therapy For Prostate Cancer, Robert U. Newton, Dennis R. Taaffe, Nigel Spry, Robert A. Gardiner, Gregory Levin, Bradley A. Wall, David Joseph, Suzanne K. Chambers, Daniel A. Galvao Jan 2009

A Phase Iii Clinical Trial Of Exercise Modalities On Treatment Side-Effects In Men Receiving Therapy For Prostate Cancer, Robert U. Newton, Dennis R. Taaffe, Nigel Spry, Robert A. Gardiner, Gregory Levin, Bradley A. Wall, David Joseph, Suzanne K. Chambers, Daniel A. Galvao

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is accompanied by a number of adverse side effects including reduced bone mass and increased risk for fracture, reduced lean mass and muscle strength, mood disturbance and increased fat mass compromising physical functioning, independence, and quality of life. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the effects of long term exercise on reversing musculoskeletal-related side effects, and cardiovascular and diabetes risk factors in men receiving androgen deprivation for their prostate cancer. Specifically, we aim to investigate the effects of a 12-month exercise program designed to load the musculoskeletal system and reduce cardiovascular and diabetes …

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Testing Common Habitat-Based Surrogates Of Invertebrate Diversity In A Semi-Arid Rangeland, John R. Gollan, Michael B. Ashcroft, Gerasimos Cassis, Andrew P. Donnelly, Scott A. Lassau Jan 2009

Testing Common Habitat-Based Surrogates Of Invertebrate Diversity In A Semi-Arid Rangeland, John R. Gollan, Michael B. Ashcroft, Gerasimos Cassis, Andrew P. Donnelly, Scott A. Lassau

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Habitat-based surrogates are a low cost alternative to intensive biodiversity surveys, though they have been poorly investigated in semi-arid ecosystem compared to others such as temperate woodlands. In this study we tested potential habitat-based surrogates of invertebrate richness in a semi-arid rangeland in northwest Australia. Potential surrogates were: distance from artificial watering-point; soil hardness; habitat complexity; and individual complexity components. Generalised additive models (GAMs) were used to relate abundance and richness of selected invertebrates with environmental factors and cluster analysis was used to examine similarity in species composition. The most frequently selected factor was soil hardness, but taxa varied as …

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Predicting The Response Of Coastal Wetlands Of Southeastern Australia To Sea-Level Rise, Kerrylee Rogers, Neil Saintilan Jan 2009

Predicting The Response Of Coastal Wetlands Of Southeastern Australia To Sea-Level Rise, Kerrylee Rogers, Neil Saintilan

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Coastal saltmarsh is an endangered ecological community in New South Wales and sea-level rise has been listed as a key threatening process. Over the previous five decades moderate rates of sea-level rise have coincided with the invasion of saltmarsh by mangrove. Surface elevation tables (SETs) were installed in 12 coastal wetlands in Southeastern Australia to establish elevation and accretion trajectories for comparisons with mangrove encroachment of saltmarsh and sea-level rise. SETs confirmed that the elevational response of wetlands is more complex than accretion alone and elevation changes may also be attributed to below-ground processes that alter the soil volume such …

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Coastal Saltmarsh Vulnerability To Climate Change In Se Australia, Neil Saintilan, Kerrylee Rogers Jan 2009

Coastal Saltmarsh Vulnerability To Climate Change In Se Australia, Neil Saintilan, Kerrylee Rogers

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Coastal saltmarsh has been listed as an Endangered Ecological Community in New South Wales. Recent research has highlighted the importance of coastal saltmarsh as a source of nutrition for fish, a nocturnal feeding habitat for microbats, and a roosting habitat for several species of migratory shorebirds. Since European colonisation, coastal saltmarsh has been reclaimed for agricultural, residential and industrial use, and the past five decades has seen a consistent replacement of saltmarsh by mangrove throughout SE Australia. Analysis of data from the network of Surface Elevation Tables in NSW and Victoria has demonstrated a link between the replacement of saltmarsh …

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Increases In Peptide Y-Y Levels Following Oat Β-Glucan Ingestion Are Dose-Dependent In Overweight Adults, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang Jan 2009

Increases In Peptide Y-Y Levels Following Oat Β-Glucan Ingestion Are Dose-Dependent In Overweight Adults, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Peptide Y-Y (PYY) is an anorexigenic hormone implicated in appetite control, and β-glucan is a fiber known to affect appetite. We hypothesized that plasma PYY levels would increase in overweight human adults consuming increasing doses of β-glucan. The objective was to test whether the effect could be seen with β-glucan delivered through extruded cereals containing a high β-glucan oat bran with demonstrated high molecular weight and solubility. Fourteen subjects consumed a control meal and 3 cereals of varying β-glucan concentration (between 2.2 and 5.5 g), and blood samples were collected over 4 hours. Analysis of raw PYY data showed a …

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Are Toe Weakness And Deformity Associated With Falls In Older People, Karen J. Mickle, Bridget J. Munro, Stephen Lord, Hylton B. Menz, Julie R. Steele Jan 2009

Are Toe Weakness And Deformity Associated With Falls In Older People, Karen J. Mickle, Bridget J. Munro, Stephen Lord, Hylton B. Menz, Julie R. Steele

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Hallux valgus and lesser toe deformities are highly prevalent foot problems in older adults, affecting up to 74% of this population. One suggested cause of these toe deformities is inadequate strength of the intrinsic flexor muscles of the toes [1]. Adequate toe flexor strength is essential to control body weight shifts, propel the body during gait and assist in shock absorption during repeated impacts. Furthermore, a previous study using a qualitative measure of toe flexor strength reported associations between poor toe flexor strength and poor performance in balance and functional tests in elderly people [2]. Of further concern, in a …

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