Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Eeg Electrode Caps Can Reduce Sar Induced In The Head By Gsm900 Mobile Phones, Denise L. Hamblin, Vitas Anderson, Robert L. Mcintosh, Ray J. Mckenzie, Andrew W. Wood, Steve Iskra, Rodney J. Croft

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper investigates the influence of EEG electrode caps on specific absorption rate (SAR) in the head from a GSM900 mobile phone (217-Hz modulation, peak power output 2 W). SAR measurements were recorded in an anthropomorphic phantom using a precision robotic system. Peak 10 g average SAR in the whole head and in just the temporal region was compared for three phantom arrangements; no cap, 64-electrode "Electro-Cap," and 64-electrode "Quick-Cap". Relative to the "no cap" arrangement, the Electro-Cap and Quick-Cap caused a peak SAR (10 g) reduction of 14% and 18% respectively in both the whole head and in the …

Television Food Advertising To Children: The Extent And Nature Of Exposure, Bridget P. Kelly, Ben J. Smith, Lesley King, Victoria M. Flood, Adrian Bauman

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To describe the pattern and prevalence of food and drink advertisements to children on commercial television in Sydney, Australia, and compare these with advertising regulations set out in the Children’s Television Standards and results from a similar study in 2002. Design: Data were collected by recording television from 06.00 hours until 23.00 hours on all three commercial channels from Sunday 14 May 2006 to Saturday 20 May 2006 (357 h). The study analysed advertisements in two children’s viewing periods, one as defined in the 2002 study and the other according to current standards. Food advertisements were coded using 18 …

Fat Chance For Mr Vegie Tv Ads, Kathy Chapman, Bridget P. Kelly, Lesley King, Victoria M. Flood

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

There has been much recent debate about how to combat Australia’s childhood obesity epidemic and, in particular, considerable controversy about regulations relating to food advertising to children on television. Three separate research studies on food advertising in Australia, conducted in 2002,1 20052 and 2006,3 including those by the authors, describe the frequency and proportion of television advertisements for fruit and vegetables, as well as for high-fat/high-sugar foods.

Folate And Vitamin B12 In Older Australians, Victoria M. Flood, Paul Mitchell

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The recent viewpoint by Kamien1 and letter by Gunasekera2 rightly highlight the benefits of folate fortification and the unlikely occurrence of masking pernicious anaemia. Food Standards Australia New Zealand recently submitted a proposal supporting the mandatory fortification of bread-making flour to increase folate intakes in women of child-bearing age, with the aim of reducing the risk of children being born with neural tube defects.3 This proposal has had extensive public comment and will be considered by the Australia and New Zealand Food Regulation Ministerial Council. Several public groups and individuals continue to raise concerns that higher dietary folate levels could …

Seeing Clearly With Antioxidants, Victoria M. Flood

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

While the evidence pointing to the cause of AMD has been mixed, a few studies have explored the role of diets. A large randomised control trial1 that looked at people with the onset of AMD showed that high-dose vitamins C and E, zinc and beta-carotene supplementation may slow AMD progression in relatively advanced early AMD cases by up to 25 per cent. Recently, another study2 showed evidence that an above-median dietary intake of these same nutrients was associated with a 35 per cent reduction in AMD risk.

An Investigation Into The Potential Barriers Associated With Warfarin Prescribing In An Elderly Population Residing In Illawarra Based Aged Care Facilities, Judy Mullan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Warfarin Prescribing: • Systems varied - faxed warfarin-specific chart - faxed warfarin orders - phone calls from GPs - phone call from RN to GP’s secretary dose recorded on chart with a ‘post-it’ note • Common problems - faxes (misplaced or not received) - ? current orders • “If there was a standard package for dealing with nursing homes then we would go along with that and just get used to it” (GP)

An Investigation Into The Potential Barriers Associated With Warfarin Prescribing In An Elderly Population Residing In Illawarra-Based Aged Care Facilities, Judy Mullan, Margaret L. Jordan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Warfarin Prescribing: • Systems varied - faxed warfarin-specific chart - faxed warfarin orders - phone calls from GPs - phone call from RN to GP’s secretary dose recorded on chart with a ‘post-it’ note • Common problems - faxes (misplaced or not received) - ? current orders • “If there was a standard package for dealing with nursing homes then we would go along with that and just get used to it” (GP)

A Pilot Study On The Impact Of Occupational Therapy Home Programming For Young Children With Cerebral Palsy, Iona Novak, Anne Cusick, Kevin Lowe

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Occupational therapy home programs are a common approach used to provide interventions for children with cerebral palsy, but there is little evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of such programs. This singlegroup pretest–posttest design pilot study evaluated the impact of an occupational therapy home program implemented with 20 children who had spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy (ages 2–7 years, mean 3.8). We measured impact using Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), and the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (QUEST). We measured participation amount through a parent self-report log. Significant changes following intervention occured in scores on …

Effects Of Splinting On Wrist Contracture After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Natasha A. Lannin, Anne Cusick, Annie Mccluskey, Robert D. Herbert

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background and Purpose—Splints are commonly applied to the wrist and hand to prevent and treat contracture after stroke. However, there have been few randomized trials of this intervention. We sought to determine whether wearing a hand splint, which positions the wrist in either a neutral or an extended position, reduces wrist contracture in adults with hemiplegia after stroke. Methods—Sixty-three adults who had experienced a stroke within the preceding 8 weeks participated. They were randomized to either a control group (routine therapy) or 1 of 2 intervention groups (routine therapy plus splint in either a neutral or an extended wrist position). …

Child Birth: Don't Forget The Fathers, Moira Williamson

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Fathers are often forgotten when a new baby comes into a family. But men face many challenges in the early months of fatherhood as they come to terms with their new or expanded role. And they need more support. UOW Senior Lecturer and Master of Science (Midwifery) Co-ordinator Moira Williamson and colleagues Professor Carol McVeigh from Massey University (NZ) and Mercy Baafi, Midwifery Manager (Education) at Wollongong Hospital, researched the impact of parenthood with 128 new fathers. MOIRA WILLIAMSON prepared this Opinion column, based on their research.

The Hollow-Face Illusion: Object Specific Knowledge, General Assumptions Or Properties Of The Stimulus, Harold C. Hill, Alan Johnston

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The hollow-face illusion, in which a mask appears as a convex face, is a powerful example of binocular depth inversion occurring with a real object under a wide range of viewing conditions. Explanations of the illusion are reviewed and six experiments reported. In experiment 1 the detrimental effect of figural inversion, evidence for the importance of familiarity, was found for other oriented objects. The inversion effect held for masks lit from the side (experiment 2). The illusion was stronger for a mask rotated by 90° lit from its forehead than from its chin, suggesting that familiar patterns of shading enhance …

The Hollow Face Illusion In Infancy, E Nakato, Harold C. Hill, Y Otsuka, S Kanazawa, M Yamaguchi

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at The 30th European Conference on Visual Perception, 27-31 August 2007, Arezzo, Italy

A Review Of Consumer Involvement In Evaluations Of Case Management: Consistency With A Recovery Paradigm, Sarah L. Marshall, Trevor P. Crowe, Lindsay G. Oades, Frank F. Deane, David J. Kavanagh

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This Open Forum examines research on case management that draws on consumer perspectives. It clarifies the extent of consumer involvement and whether evaluations were informed by recovery perspectives. Searches of three databases revealed 13 studies that sought to investigate consumer perspectives. Only one study asked consumers about experiences of recovery. Most evaluations did not adequately assess consumers' views, and active consumer participation in research was rare. Supporting an individual's recovery requires commitment to a recovery paradigm that incorporates traditional symptom reduction and improved functioning, with broader recovery principles, and a shift in focus from illness to well-being. It also requires …

Plasminogen Binding And Activation At The Breast Cancer Cell Surface: The Integral Role Of Urokinase Activity, Gillian E. Stillfried, Darren Saunders, Marie Ranson

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

INTRODUCTION: The regulation of extracellular proteolytic activity via the plasminogen activation system is complex, involving numerous activators, inhibitors and receptors. Previous studies on monocytic and colon cell lines suggest that plasmin pre treatment can increase plasminogen binding, allowing the active enzyme to generate binding sites for its precursor. Other studies have shown the importance of pre formed receptors such as annexin II heterotetramer. However, few studies have utilised techniques which exclusively characterise cell surface events and these mechanisms have not been investigated at the breast cancer cell surface. METHODS: We have studied plasminogen binding to MCF 7 in which uPAR …

Patient And Professional Accuracy Of Recalled Treatment Decisions In Out-Patient Consultations, Timothy C. Skinner, Katharine D. Barnard, Susan Cradock, Tracey Parkin

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Aims  To test the assumption that professional recall of consultation decisions is valid and more accurate than patient recall of consultation decisions.

Methods  One hundred and thirty-four consultations between diabetes specialist nurses and diabetes specialist dietitians in an adult out-patient diabetes service were audiotaped. Patients and professionals were asked to recall the treatment decisions made immediately after the consultation. Patient participants were also asked to complete the Health Care Climate Questionnaire (HCC). Recalled decisions, by patient and professional participants, were then compared with those extracted from the audio tapes, and with each other.

Results  The mean duration of consultations was …

Continuing Stability Of Center Differences In Pediatric Diabetes Care: Do Advances In Diabetes Treatment Improve Outcome?, Carine E. De Beaufort, Peter G. F. Swift, Timothy C. Skinner, - Hvidoere Study Group On Childhood Diabetes

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To reevaluate the persistence and stability of previously observed differences between pediatric diabetes centers and to investigate the influence of demography, language communication problems, and changes in insulin regimens on metabolic outcome, hypoglycemia, and ketoacidosis.

Research Design and Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional international study in 21 centers, with clinical data obtained from all participants and A1C levels assayed in one central laboratory. All individuals with diabetes aged 11–18 years (49.4% female), with duration of diabetes of at least 1 year, were invited to participate. Fourteen of the centers participated in previous Hvidoere Studies, allowing direct …

Intranasal Administration Of A Parg Inhibitor Profoundly Decreases Ischemic Brain Injury, Guangwei Wei, Dongmin Wang, Huafei Lu, Sophie Parmentier, Qing Wang, S. Scott Panter, William H. Frey Ii, Weihai Ying

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Cumulative evidence has indicated a critical role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activation in ischemic brain damage. Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is a key enzyme in poly(ADP-ribose) catabolism. Our previous studies showed that PARG inhibitors, gallotannin (GT) and nobotanin B, can profoundly decrease oxidative cell death in vitro. Here, we tested the hypothesis that intranasal delivery of GT can decrease ischemic brain damage by inhibiting PARG. Intranasal delivery of GT within 5 hours after the onset of focal brain ischemia markedly decreased the infarct formation and neurological deficits of rats. The GT administration also increased poly(ADP-ribose) in the ischemic brains, suggesting that …

Personality And Religious Values Among Adolescents: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Analysis., Patrick C. Heaven, Joseph V. Ciarrochi

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Using three waves of data, we assessed the relationships between endorsement of religious values, some of the major personality dimensions, and social and emotional well-being amongst teenagers. Participants were 784 high school students at Time 1 (382 manles and 394 females; 8 did not indicate their gender) and 563 provided data at each of Time 1, Time 2 and Time 3.

A Pilot Study Investigating Of The Nature Of Point-Of-Sale Alcohol Promotions In Bottle Shops In A Large Australian Regional City, Sandra C. Jones, Melissa Lynch

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: The promotion of alcohol by retailers and media can contribute to a culture of excessive alcohol consumption, but the effect of non-advertising alcohol promotions has largely been neglected. This study sought to gather initial data on this important area.Method: An observational study of alcohol point-of-sale promotions in the Wollongong CBD area, conducted in July-August 2005.Results: We identified 17 different promotions in three categories: gift with purchase; competitions; and buy some, get some free.Conclusions: Given previous research demonstrating the relationship between increased alcohol consumption and both ownership of alcohol-related merchandise and reduced per unit price, it appears that point-of-sale promotions …

Qualitative Study Into Quality Of Life Issues Surrounding Insulin Pump Use In Type 1 Diabetes, Katharine D. Barnard, Timothy Chas Skinner

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Currently, there is a need for qualitative research about how insulin pump therapy changes quality of life, which is significant to people with type 1 diabetes. This study aimed to elicit the experiences of current insulin pump users in order to discover the therapy's benefits, downsides and effect on their quality of life. A qualitative approach was taken in order to reveal subjective experiences. This research will inform future research and assist with policy and guideline development by health care providers about pump therapy.

Participants were briefly interviewed by telephone about their experiences of living with an insulin pump. Four …

Two High-Amylose Maize Starches With Different Amounts Of Resistant Starch Vary In Their Effects On Fermentation, Tissue And Digesta Mass Accretion, And Bacterial Populations In The Large Bowel Of Pigs, Anthony R. Bird, Michelle Vuaran, Ian L. Brown, David L. Topping

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Four groups of young pigs (n 6) were fed a diet containing 50 % maize starch as either a highly digestible waxy starch (control; 0 % amylose) or one of three resistant starch (RS) diets, namely a high-amylose maize starch (HAMS; 85 % amylose), this starch subjected to hydrothermal treatment (HTHAMS; 85 % amylose), or a blend of HAMS and HTHAMS included in equal amounts, for 21 d. Food intake and live weight at the end of the study were similar among the four groups. Ileal starch digestibility was lower in pigs fed the three RS diets but was …

Counterfactual Thinking In Response To Hypothetical Breast Cancer Scenarios: A Pilot Study, Amy Y. Chan, Sandra C. Jones, Karen T. Rich

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper examined womens counterfactualthoughts in response to hypothetical scenarios aboutearly versus late breast cancer diagnoses.Womenaged 50 and over (N=29) read hypotheticalscenarios about the experience of fictitious womenof mammography screening age and completedcounterfactual statements from the protagonistsperspective.In two scenarios, the protagonist failedto attend mammography screening regularly andwas diagnosed with advanced breast cancer; thethird scenario depicted a woman who hadmammograms biennially and received an early-stagebreast cancer diagnosis.Consistent with pastliterature on counterfactual thinking, participantsgenerated exclusively upward counterfactuals fromthe two late-diagnosis scenarios, and predominantlydownward counterfactuals from the early-diagnosisscenario.Furthermore, participants primarilyfocussed on what the protagonist could personallyhave done differently to lead to a differentoutcome.Hence …

Vertical Display Oscillation Effects On Forward Vection And Simulator Sickness, Stephen A. Palmisano, Andrea Bubka, Frederick Bonato, John Folder

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: The current study investigated the effects that vertical display oscillation had on the development of both vection and simulator sickness. Methods: Sixteen subjects were exposed to optic flow displays, which simulated either: (i) constant velocity forward self-motion (pure radial flow); or (ii) combined constant velocity forward and vertically oscillating self-motion (radial flow with vertical oscillation at one of three frequencies: 1.8, 3.7 or 7.4 Hz). During each 10-min display exposure, subjects rated the strength of their vection and 8 symptoms listed on the Subjective Symptoms of Motion Sickness (SSMS) scale at 2-min intervals. Subjects also completed the Simulator Sickness …

'If Only...': Counterfactual Thinking Heightens Women's Sense Of Responsibility Regarding Mammography Screening, Amy Y. Chan, Sandra C. Jones, Karen T. Rich

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The present study tested the prediction that counterfactual thinking (thoughts of if only&) provides a vivid means for women to imagine whatcould have been done differently in hypothetical breast cancer scenarios for the protagonist to avoid their predicament.This should then encourage themto adopt a more preventative approach to and take greater personal responsibility toward their own breast health.Women aged 50 and older (N=181) read either a standard pamphlet on mammography rescreening or one containing counterfactually framed scenarios.The latter depicted fictitiouswomen whose failure to have routine mammograms contributed to their diagnosis with advance-stage breast cancer.The counterfactual group subsequently indicated greater feelings …

Arousal And Activation Effects On Physiological And Behavioral Responding During A Continuous Performance Task, Jacqueline A. Rushby, Robert J. Barry, Adam R. Clarke, Mohammad Vaezmousavi

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Based on previous work indicating different neural substrates, two aspects of energetic state, arousal and activation, have been conceptualised separately in our laboratory. Arousal has been defined as the energetic state at any particular time, and task-related activation as the task-related change in state from resting baseline to the task situation. Both are reflected in electrodermal activity and measured by skin conductance level. Our previous studies in this area have indicated that physiological responses to stimuli in a task are dependent on the arousal level at the time of stimulus presentation, rather than the task-related activation. In contrast, performance on …

Intergenerational Family Communication About Mammography: Young Women's Perceptions, Intentions And Experiences, Jessica Browne, Amy Y. Chan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Early detection of breast cancer through regular mammograms is crucial to reducing the mortality rate, yet almost 50% of target women (aged 50-69years) fail to have regular mammograms. Young women aged 18-39 years (N = 60) participated in a two-stage study that explored familycommunication as a vehicle for mammography promotion to target women.Intention to initiate such a conversation was measured and predicted using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) framework.The TPB variables together produced a model that predicted behavioural performance, withintention being the only independent predictor.Young womens anticipatory perceptions and actual experiences of initiating a conversationabout mammography were also explored …

Attention To Configural Information In Change Detection For Faces, Simone K. Favelle, Darren Burke

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In recent research the change-detection paradigm has been used along with cueing manipulations to show that more attention is allocated to the upper than lower facial region, and that this attentional allocation is disrupted by inversion. We report two experiments the object of which was to investigate how the type of information changed might be a factor in these findings by explicitly comparing the role of attention in detecting change to information thought to be special to faces (second-order relations) with information that is more useful for basic-level object discrimination (first-order relations). Results suggest that attention is automatically directed to …

Hyper-I-Net: European Research Network On Hyperspectral Imaging, Antonio Plaza, Andreas Mueller, Rudolph Richter, Torbjorn Skauli, Zbynek Malenovsky, Jose Bioucas, Stefan Hofer, Jocelyn Chanussot, Christian Jutten, Veronique Carrere, Ivar Baarstad, Peter Kaspersen, Jens Nieke, Klaus Itten, Timo Hyvarinen, Paolo Gamba, Fabio Dell'acqua, Jon A. Benediktsson, Michael E. Schaepman, Jan G. Clevers, Bogdan Zagajewski

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

This paper addresses the main goals and objectives of the Hyperspectral Imaging Network (HYPER-I-NET), a recently started Marie Curie Research Training Network. The project is designed to build an interdisciplinary research community focusing on hyperspectral imaging activities. The core strategy of the network is to create a powerful interdisciplinary synergy between different domains of expertise closely related to hyperspectral imaging activities in Europe, ranging from sensor design and flight operation to data collection, processing, interpretation, and dissemination. Our main goals in this paper are to present the project to the Geoscience and Remote Sensing community and to provide an overview …

Arousal-State Modulation In Ad/Hd: An Event-Related Potential Investigation Of Inhibition, Nicholas Benikos, Stuart J. Johnstone

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

The Functional Significance Of P3 In A Response Conflict Paradigm, Samantha Broyd, Stuart J. Johnstone, Steven J. Roodenrys

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.