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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Supporting Women Farmers In The Green Zones Of Mozambique, Ruth Ansah Ayisi Jan 1995

Supporting Women Farmers In The Green Zones Of Mozambique, Ruth Ansah Ayisi

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Women throughout much of the developing world are farmers, not only producing the food crops needed to feed their families, but seeking to generate the cash income necessary to gain access to education, health care, and a better way of life. However, in many countries—particularly in sub-Saharan Africa—women farmers must deal not only with the inherent difficulties of gender inequities, poverty, and the vagaries of nature, but with the consequences of war and civil strife as well. This issue of SEEDS reports on a case study of the efforts underway to help women farmers survive and prosper in the Green …


District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Gorakhpur, P.N. Kapoor, P.K. Chopra, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend Jan 1995

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Gorakhpur, P.N. Kapoor, P.K. Chopra, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) in India had a population of 139 million, as of the 1991 census. The socioeconomic profile is characterized by relatively low levels of per capita income and literacy. Further, assessment of the family planning program and the demographic status as measured by Couple Protection Rate (CPR) and Mortality/Fertility rates marks UP as one of the country’s more demographically disadvantaged states. UP has a relatively higher infant mortality rate, crude death rate, birth rate, and total fertility rate than the country as a whole, whereas CPR is much too low. The district of Gorakhpur falls …


An Investigation Of Alternative Approaches To Contraceptive Logistics Management At The Peripheral Level, Abu Yusuf Choudhury, Iqbal Ahammed, Amy Gale Dunston Jan 1995

An Investigation Of Alternative Approaches To Contraceptive Logistics Management At The Peripheral Level, Abu Yusuf Choudhury, Iqbal Ahammed, Amy Gale Dunston

Reproductive Health

In Bangladesh, contraceptive commodities are received at the peripheral level (thana and below) from thana stores on a monthly basis by using the “pull” system. It is expected that at any point in time a worker or a center at the peripheral level will have a two-to-three-month stock of contraceptives. Many surveys/studies have indicated, however, that stockouts of contraceptives are quite frequent. To investigate an improved system of contraceptive distribution, a three-cell experimental study was undertaken. In the first two cells, contraceptives were delivered following two methods of the “push” system, while in the third cell contraceptives were distributed following …


District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Rampur, S.K.G. Dastidar, Tausif Alam Khan, B.P. Thiagrajan, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend Jan 1995

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Rampur, S.K.G. Dastidar, Tausif Alam Khan, B.P. Thiagrajan, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Government of India and the United States Agency for International Development began the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project (IFPS) in Uttar Pradesh under the management of the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA). The goal was to reduce the fertility rate in Uttar Pradesh by accelerating family planning (FP) services at the district level through innovative approaches. IFPS’s main objectives were to increase access to FP services, improve the quality of FP services, and promote contraceptive use. Initially 15 districts were selected for the Baseline Survey in Uttar Pradesh (BSUP). The baseline information collected will be …


Perceptions Of Control And Satisfaction With Hospital Birth Experiences For First-Time Mothers, Clelia Tedeschi Jan 1995

Perceptions Of Control And Satisfaction With Hospital Birth Experiences For First-Time Mothers, Clelia Tedeschi

Theses : Honours

Satisfaction with childbirth is associated with women's future emotional wellbeing. This study examined whether first- time mother's antenatal expectations, postnatal evaluations of control during labour and delivery, and the discrepancy between expectations and evaluations were significant predictors of women's satisfaction with their childbirth experiences. The effect of medical interventions (e.g., obstetrical interventions and pain relief medication) on women's perceptions of control and satisfaction was also examined. The purposive sample of eighty first-time mothers, mean age 26 years (excluding women who had caesareans) delivered at the public hospital where they attended antenatal classes. During their fourth antenatal class women completed a …


Families In Focus: New Perspectives On Mothers, Fathers, And Children, Judith Bruce, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Ann Leonard, Patrice L. Engle, Niev Duffy Jan 1995

Families In Focus: New Perspectives On Mothers, Fathers, And Children, Judith Bruce, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Ann Leonard, Patrice L. Engle, Niev Duffy

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Despite the rhetoric of recent years lamenting the loss of the "traditional family," families have never fit nicely into any single model. "Family" may refer to people linked by marriage or kinship or to people claiming descent from common ancestors. People may form and extend families by adopting or fostering children, defining nonrelatives as family, or establishing consensual partnerships. Families are as adaptable as they are diverse, reconfiguring themselves over their life cycles and evolving to accommodate the myriad pressures of the external world. This book focuses on families with dependent children specifically—on the roles of mothers, fathers, and children, …


Doing More With Less: The Marie Stopes Clinics In Sierra Leone, Nahid Toubia, Grace Ebun Delano Jan 1995

Doing More With Less: The Marie Stopes Clinics In Sierra Leone, Nahid Toubia, Grace Ebun Delano

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This edition of Quality/Calidad/Qualité reports on the Marie Stopes Sierra Leone (MSSL) organization which pursues its goals with compassion and ambition, despite seemingly insurmountable economic hardships. MSSL has established a service model that many programs in richer countries should try to imitate. Several particularly important lessons emerged, including: creative, skillful management, well-organized and flexible financial administration, and human motivation and perseverance can enable an organization to overcome financial difficulties; family planning is an integral part of people's reproductive and general health concerns and can dovetail with concern for development in useful and practical ways; men appreciate being involved in the …


El Coletivo: Un Colectivo Feminista De Salud Y Sexualidad Femenina En Brasil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto Jan 1995

El Coletivo: Un Colectivo Feminista De Salud Y Sexualidad Femenina En Brasil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Este ejemplar de Quality/Calidad/Qualité narra la historia de un grupo de mujeres brasileñas que se formó en 1981 con el convencimiento compartido—no tan extendido entonces como ahora—de que los enfoques convencionales sobre la salud de la mujer y los servicios de planificación familiar estaban dominados por una perspectiva médica incapaz de dar cuenta de la relación entre sexualidad y anticoncepción, y que además restaba poder de las usuarias. Fundaron el Coletivo, que maneja una clínica, un instituto de capacitación, y un programa de educación pública que ha “dado voz” a miles de mujeres, ha proporcionado un liderazgo al gobierno brasileño …


A Qualitative Research Study On Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Miriam Irvin, Wilma Shepard Jan 1995

A Qualitative Research Study On Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Miriam Irvin, Wilma Shepard

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.


The Three Rs: The Way Forward, Michael Balls, Alan M. Goldberg, Julia H. Fentem, Caren L. Broadhead, Rex L. Burch, Michael F.W. Festing, John M. Frazier, Coenraad F.M. Hendriksen, Margaret Jennings, Margot D.O. Van Der Kamp, David B. Morton, Andrew N. Rowan, Claire Russell, William M.S. Russell, Horst Spielmann, Martin Stephens, William S. Stokes, Donald W. Straughan, James D. Yager, Joanne Zurlo, Bert F.M. Van Zutphen Jan 1995

The Three Rs: The Way Forward, Michael Balls, Alan M. Goldberg, Julia H. Fentem, Caren L. Broadhead, Rex L. Burch, Michael F.W. Festing, John M. Frazier, Coenraad F.M. Hendriksen, Margaret Jennings, Margot D.O. Van Der Kamp, David B. Morton, Andrew N. Rowan, Claire Russell, William M.S. Russell, Horst Spielmann, Martin Stephens, William S. Stokes, Donald W. Straughan, James D. Yager, Joanne Zurlo, Bert F.M. Van Zutphen

Experimentation Collection

This is the report of the eleventh of a series of workshops organised by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM), which was established in 1991 by the European Commission. ECVAM's main goal, as defined in 1993 by its Scientific Advisory Committee, is to promote the scientific and regulatory acceptance of alternative methods which are of importance to the biosciences and which reduce, refine or replace the use of laboratory animals. One of the first priorities set by ECVAM was the implementation of procedures which would enable it to become well-informed about the state-of-the-art of non-animal test …


Examination Of The Link Between Primary Drug Of Choice And Ethnic Origin In Male Military Veterans, Karen Louise Hanna Jan 1995

Examination Of The Link Between Primary Drug Of Choice And Ethnic Origin In Male Military Veterans, Karen Louise Hanna

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.


District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Agra, B.D. Mishra, U. Dosajh, Tilak Mukherjee, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend Jan 1995

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Agra, B.D. Mishra, U. Dosajh, Tilak Mukherjee, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (MOHFW), with assistance from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), launched a landmark project in India’s most populous state, Uttar Pradesh. The Innovations in Family Planning Services Project was implemented under the management of the State lnnovations in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA), Lucknow. Conducting baseline surveys in 15 selected districts of Uttar Pradesh was the first step in the project. The Uttar Pradesh baseline survey provided critical input by generating important demographic and family welfare program data at the district level. Over and above the 15 districts …


District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Meerut, P.K. Jain, Ramal Pasricha, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend Jan 1995

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Meerut, P.K. Jain, Ramal Pasricha, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Government of India and USAID began the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project (IFPS) in Uttar Pradesh under the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA). The goal was to reduce the fertility rate in India’s most populous State of Uttar Pradesh by accelerating family planning (FP) services at the district level through innovative approaches. IFPS’s main objectives were to increase access to FP services, improve quality of FP services, and promote contraceptive use. Initially 15 districts were selected for the Baseline Surveys in Uttar Pradesh (BSUP). The baseline information collected will be used to plan FP interventions …


District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Nainital, K. Satyanarayan, G. Giridhar, K.K. Gaur, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend Jan 1995

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Nainital, K. Satyanarayan, G. Giridhar, K.K. Gaur, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

In 1992, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the United States Agency for International Development, New Delhi, began the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project (IFPS) under the management of the State Innovation in Family Planning Services Agency (SIFPSA), Lucknow. The goal was to reduce the fertility rate in Uttar Pradesh by expanding and improving family planning (FP) services. To achieve this, the IFPS project will support service innovations in the public and nongovernmental sectors and through contraceptive social marketing mechanisms. The Baseline Survey in Uttar Pradesh (BSUP) is being undertaken as one important component of the IFPS …


An Exploratory Study Of The Psycho-Social Stress Associated With Abortions In Egypt, Dale Huntington, Laila Nawar, Dalia Abdel Hady Jan 1995

An Exploratory Study Of The Psycho-Social Stress Associated With Abortions In Egypt, Dale Huntington, Laila Nawar, Dalia Abdel Hady

Reproductive Health

An operations research study was conducted to investigate the concerns of postabortion patients in Egypt to improve counseling that women receive. A corollary use of the study results is the development of sensitive survey research questions for measuring incidence of induced abortion. This study utilized qualitative research methods by conducting in-depth interviews with postabortion patients in El Galaa and El Menia University Hospitals and focus group discussions with family planning clients and noncontracepting women. For all types of postabortion patients the most salient issue was physical survival of an extremely painful experience. All postabortion patients were acutely concerned about their …


Addressing Women's Reproductive Health Needs: Priorities For The Family Welfare Programme, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy Jan 1995

Addressing Women's Reproductive Health Needs: Priorities For The Family Welfare Programme, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy

Reproductive Health

India's national family welfare program has two objectives—to address the needs of families, notably women and children, and to reduce population growth rates. In reality, the program has been disproportionately focused on achieving demographic targets by increasing contraceptive prevalence. In this process, women's needs have been overlooked, in terms of poor reproductive health (RH). There is a need to reorient program priorities to focus more holistically on RH needs and on woman-based services that respond to health needs in ways sensitive to the sociocultural constraints women and adolescent girls face in acquiring services and expressing health needs. This report presents …


Community-Based Aids Prevention And Care In Africa—Dissemination Of Phase I Findings: Report Of Five National Workshops, Population Council Jan 1995

Community-Based Aids Prevention And Care In Africa—Dissemination Of Phase I Findings: Report Of Five National Workshops, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

Given the constraints faced by the health care infrastructure in responding to the AIDS crisis in sub-Saharan Africa, and the limitations of traditional educational approaches in motivating people to modify their sexual behavior within the African context, community-based efforts at AIDS prevention, and care of those affected, are the first lines of defense against the disease. Thus, they deserve greater scrutiny, to learn from the experiences and to continue and expand their efforts. The “Community-Based AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa: Building on Local Initiatives” project is being carried out by the Population Council with support from Glaxo Wellcome. The …


The Association Of Near Poverty Status With Cancer Incidence Among Black And White Adults, Kevin M. Gorey Jan 1995

The Association Of Near Poverty Status With Cancer Incidence Among Black And White Adults, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

This cumulative incidence study was accomplished among adults in Upstate New York metropolitan areas (Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse and Albany--1979-1986). It used a new ecological socioeconomic status measure--near poverty status (i.e., below 200% of the federally established poverty criterion, including the poor and near poor)--and observed its association with site-specific cancer incidence (lung, stomach, cervix uteri, prostate, colon, rectum and breast). Findings were: 1) near poverty status is directly associated with each cancer site's incidence and the strength of the associations are similar among blacks and whites for each one and 2) the prevalence of exposure, of living in high near …


Graduate Bulletin, 1995-1996 (1995), Moorhead State University Jan 1995

Graduate Bulletin, 1995-1996 (1995), Moorhead State University

Graduate Bulletins (Catalogs)

No abstract provided.


1995 Cedarville College Women's Track & Field Roster, Cedarville University Jan 1995

1995 Cedarville College Women's Track & Field Roster, Cedarville University

Men's and Women's Track & Field Rosters (1984-1995)

No abstract provided.


Methodological Issues In Occupational-Stress Research: Research In One Occupational Group And Its Wider Applications, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Jaesoon Rhee, Fang Xia Jan 1995

Methodological Issues In Occupational-Stress Research: Research In One Occupational Group And Its Wider Applications, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Jaesoon Rhee, Fang Xia

Publications and Research

The chapter addresses a number of important methodologic issues that are relevant to occupational-stress researchers. The issues addressed have arisen in the context of an ongoing research program involving cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of stress in teachers; the issues, however, apply to occupational research in general. The first issue involves measurement strategies required in operationalizing the stress process. The focal concern is the reduction of confounding in measures of the work environment. The second issue encompasses the question of whether to sample new or veteran workers. The third issue applies to types of job stressors. The chapter describes a …


The Coletivo: A Feminist Sexuality And Health Collective In Brazil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto Jan 1995

The Coletivo: A Feminist Sexuality And Health Collective In Brazil, Margarita Diaz, Debbie Rogow, Jose Barzelatto

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of Quality/Calidad/Qualité tells the story of a group of Brazilian women who came together in 1981 with the shared belief—not as widely understood then as it is now—that conventional approaches to women's health and family planning services were overly medicalized, incapable of dealing with the relationship between sexuality and contraception, and disempowering to clients. They started the Coletivo which runs a clinic, a training institute, and a public education program that has “given voice” to thousands of women, provided leadership to the Brazilian government and women’s health movement, and has been active in research and international policy affairs. …


What We Do And Do Not Know About The Menstrual Cycle Or, Questions Scientists Could Be Asking, Sioban D. Harlow, Sara A. Ephross Jan 1995

What We Do And Do Not Know About The Menstrual Cycle Or, Questions Scientists Could Be Asking, Sioban D. Harlow, Sara A. Ephross

Reproductive Health

The objective of this paper is to consider from a public health perspective the types of questions researchers might be asking about the relationship between menstrual function and women’s health, and to evaluate to the extent to which these questions have or have not been addressed by the scientific community. Based on the findings in this report, it is obvious that a comprehensive program of research is needed in order to begin filling the myriad gaps in scientific knowledge about the menstrual cycle. Given the lack of knowledge about many fundamental aspects of menstrual function and about linkages between the …


The Psychological Effects Of Functional Electrical Stimulation Leg Cycle Ergometry On Persons With Spinal Cord Injury, Renee Christner, Scott Nolte Jan 1995

The Psychological Effects Of Functional Electrical Stimulation Leg Cycle Ergometry On Persons With Spinal Cord Injury, Renee Christner, Scott Nolte

Masters Theses

Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects many individuals in the general population. Spinal cord injury (SCI) may exacerbate depressive symptoms as individuals must adapt to an altered lifestyle as a result of the injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation Leg Cycle Ergometry (FES-LCE) on the subjective reports of the incidence and severity of symptoms of depression in individuals with SCI. Survey packets, including a demographic data sheet and the Inventory to Diagnose Depression (IDD), were mailed to 215 individuals participating in FES-LCE programs and 215 persons with SCI not involved in FES-LCE. …


African American Nurses' Perceptions Of Social Support Available During Graduate School, Jacquelyn Denese Pettis Jan 1995

African American Nurses' Perceptions Of Social Support Available During Graduate School, Jacquelyn Denese Pettis

Masters Theses

This study examined African American nurses' perceptions of social support available during graduate school that contributed to their completion of graduate studies. A descriptive correlational research design using a mailed questionnaire was employed for the study. The sample consisted of 91 African American nurses who were women and had completed graduate studies within the United States. A modified Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire (Norbeck, Lindsey, & Carrieri, 1981) was used to collect the data.; Data analysis consisted of reporting means, standard deviations, and range of scores for perceived social support available. Pearson's correlations and t-test were used to examine significant differences …


District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Jhansi, G. Narayana, N. Prem Kumar, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend Jan 1995

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Jhansi, G. Narayana, N. Prem Kumar, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

Baseline surveys in 15 districts of Uttar Pradesh were conducted as part of the USAID-assisted State Innovations in Family Planning Services project. This effort helps create databases at the district level, an essential prerequisite for decentralized planning and strategy development. The Baseline Surveys in Uttar Pradesh (BSUP) were undertaken as part of the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project to reduce the fertility rate in Uttar Pradesh. The project’s objectives were to increase access to family planning (FP) services, improve quality of FP services, and promote contraceptive use. The Population Council was designated as the nodal organization to coordinate various …


District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Tehri Garhwal, V.S. Sridhar, P. Subramaniyam, K.K. Gaur, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend Jan 1995

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Tehri Garhwal, V.S. Sridhar, P. Subramaniyam, K.K. Gaur, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

Uttar Pradesh (UP) is the most populous state in India, with a population of 139 million, as of the 1991 census. The Sample Registration System in 1992 indicated a high population growth rate accompanied by a very high birth rate. The authorities have been taking several measures to contain the growth and bring a rapid decline in fertility rates. It is in this context that the Government of India and the United States Agency for International Development reached an agreement to begin the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project (IFPS) under the management of the State Innovations in Family Planning …


A Study Of User Perspectives On The Diaphragm In An Urban Indian Setting, T.K. Sundari Ravindran Jan 1995

A Study Of User Perspectives On The Diaphragm In An Urban Indian Setting, T.K. Sundari Ravindran

Reproductive Health

This study attempted to examine user perspectives regarding the desirability of the diaphragm as a contraceptive method when included among other methods distributed freely through a family planning (FP) clinic. It sought to introduce on an experimental basis, the diaphragm into an ongoing and well-established FP clinic to increase contraceptive choice. This was primarily a qualitative study aimed at understanding women's perceptions about the risks and benefits, the reasons for use of the diaphragm, and the practical difficulties of using it effectively. It also studied the influence of service delivery factors in acceptance of this method. The study was part …


Day Of Dialogue On Contraceptive Methods For Today And Tomorrow: Developments, Prospects, And Issues, Population Council Jan 1995

Day Of Dialogue On Contraceptive Methods For Today And Tomorrow: Developments, Prospects, And Issues, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This “aide-memoire” records the substance of the presentations and discussions of a Day of Dialogue—spanning two half-days on June 20–21, 1994—among representatives of the European donor community and the Population Council on “Contraceptive Methods for Today and Tomorrow: Developments, Prospects, and Issues.” The discussion covered how contraceptives are developed, prospects for new technology, areas of controversy surrounding current and potential methods, and ways to improve the process. This is the third Day of Dialogue the Population Council has been instrumental in organizing. The format for these meetings is simple and informal: Population Council staff and invited experts from other organizations …


District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Kanpur, B.D. Mishra, U. Dosajh, Prateep Roy, T.D. Jose, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend Jan 1995

District Level Baseline Survey Of Family Planning Program In Uttar Pradesh: Kanpur, B.D. Mishra, U. Dosajh, Prateep Roy, T.D. Jose, R.B. Gupta, Bella C. Patel, M.E. Khan, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) with financial support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has sponsored the Innovations in Family Planning Services Project (under the management of the State Innovations in Family Planning Services Agency, Lucknow). The project aims to reduce fertility through increasing accessibility, improving quality, and generating demand for family planning services. It attempts to achieve its objectives by supporting service innovations in the public and nongovernmental sector and through social marketing of contraceptives. These intervention strategies are expected to increase the couple protection rate of the state in general and of …