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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

World’S Coolest Dictator: Nayib Bukele’S Populist Authoritarian Digital Footprint, Kaitlin Mcquade Apr 2024

World’S Coolest Dictator: Nayib Bukele’S Populist Authoritarian Digital Footprint, Kaitlin Mcquade

Political Science Senior Theses

Across the globe, country after country is seeing populist movements gain power and even win office. When these populist ideas are adopted and utilized by authoritarian-leaning leaders, democratic erosion and the disrespect of human rights become a real threat. For my thesis, I will be looking to the President of El Salvador, Nayib Bukele, as an example of this dangerous combination of populism and authoritarianism. Under his leadership, the country has achieved the highest rate of incarceration per capita in the world at 1.7%, he stacked the courts with loyalists that allowed him to run for a previously unconstitutional second …


“Home Court Advantage: Comparing International Criminal Tribunals To Domestically-Grown Reconciliation”, Elise Treon Apr 2024

“Home Court Advantage: Comparing International Criminal Tribunals To Domestically-Grown Reconciliation”, Elise Treon

Honors Thesis

Scholars have studied wars and their causes for centuries, but what happens when the tanks roll out and the guns stop firing? The concept of reconciliation is a relatively new field of study in international relations, and the scholarship of specific transitional justice mechanisms remains underdeveloped. I comparatively analyze the differences between external and internal peacebuilding strategies – specifically the effectiveness of international tribunals in establishing long term deep reconciliation. In defining internal and external transitional justice mechanisms, I differentiate between a reconciliation process that prioritizes rebuilding citizens’ lives over one that prioritizes the desires of the international community. It …


The Social Contract And Feminism, Grace A. Albertson Apr 2024

The Social Contract And Feminism, Grace A. Albertson

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

This paper seeks to prove the value placed on women in society, and disprove the claim that the social contract is inherently patriarchal. Radical feminists claim that society as a whole is irreparably flawed and operates patriarchally. Therefore, they call for a systematic shift and condemn the current fabric of our society and nation. The social contract, an idea centered around the philosophical works of John Locke and Thomas Hobbes served as the primary way that the founders of the United States justified the formation of American democracy and had immense influence on American political thought. However, feminists seek to …


The True Cost Of Education, William J. Norris Iii Apr 2024

The True Cost Of Education, William J. Norris Iii

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

Education, rightfully, has been seen as the best way to train the next generation of citizens. The Founding Fathers held that it was essential for the nation’s growth to teach children citizenship and virtue. With the recent expansion of school choice options across the country, this is a good time to refocus on that goal, and examine the true cost of public education in America. This study will examine data, particularly information published by the Department of Education and the U.S. Census Bureau, to form a picture of the true cost of public education. Even though a large percentage of …


Obligation And Authority: Samuel West And The Christian Tradition Of Resistance Theology, Darren Patrick Guerra Apr 2024

Obligation And Authority: Samuel West And The Christian Tradition Of Resistance Theology, Darren Patrick Guerra

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

Is there a Christian obligation to resist tyranny? This has been a controversial question in Christian politics and theology for generations. In the prelude to the American War for Independence, some influential colonial clergy, like Samuel West, argued in 1775 that Christians not only had a right to resist tyrannical rulers, but they had an obligation to do so. This is consistent with a long but controversial strain of thought within the Christian political thought. West’s argument hinges on his commitment to the natural law as a foundation for social and moral order as well as his rejection of theological …


What The Yalta Conference For The Rights And Freedoms Of The Peoples Of Western And Eastern Europe Meant, Denis-Roxana Gavrila Apr 2024

What The Yalta Conference For The Rights And Freedoms Of The Peoples Of Western And Eastern Europe Meant, Denis-Roxana Gavrila

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

Many books have been written on the subject of the Yalta conference, but the subject of this article is how the discussions in the winter of 1945 later influenced the fate of peoples around the world. Human rights were born at the end of the war, and among the protagonists who campaigned for them, were the conference leaders. The article below attempts to show the historical role the Yalta conference played, not only in terms of spheres of influence, but also how it shaped the rights and freedoms of the peoples of Eastern and Western Europe.


Citizenship And Virtue’ Are Requirements For Maintaining Liberty, Timothy P. O'Brien Apr 2024

Citizenship And Virtue’ Are Requirements For Maintaining Liberty, Timothy P. O'Brien

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

In the twenty-first century, the United States of America has been caught in a time of increased polarization, the Republic has been fraying as the sense of community has cracked, where fanatics on the extremes of the political spectrum have contributed to the disruption of normal political order driven by normative agendas. The underlying political theories on which the nations was founded emerged from the ancient Greek philosophers and passed through the early Christian philosophers to the Framers of the Constitution of the United States of America. This article explores the foundations of citizenship and virtue as it applies to …


The American Project And The American Soul, Darren Patrick Guerra Apr 2024

The American Project And The American Soul, Darren Patrick Guerra

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

What is the role of virtue in the American political project in the American soul? This is a burning, if not, defining question in American politics today. This paper will briefly examine various contemporary accounts of the role of virtue in the American project and its impact on the future of American politics, and finally in turn the American soul. This paper will examine the works of Patrick Deneen, Robert Reilly, Dyer & Cooper, among others. It will argue that virtue, properly conceived, plays a vital role in American Politics and it must be connected to an objective moral order, …


Mediterranean Security: Italian, United States, Nato, And North African National Interests From A Geopolitical Perspective, Mary Prentice, Umberto Bosna, Kueth Yul Apr 2024

Mediterranean Security: Italian, United States, Nato, And North African National Interests From A Geopolitical Perspective, Mary Prentice, Umberto Bosna, Kueth Yul

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

This paper discusses important international issues related to the region of the Mediterranean Sea particularly focusing on Italy and North African security issues. Security and stability issues were researched. This region is interconnected through important geo-economic issues such as the gas pipelines that supply Italy with methane gas pass through the seabed of the Mediterranean Sea, connecting North Africa with Italy and the whole of Europe. In particular there are the gas pipelines that from Libya and Tunisia, across the Mediterranean Sea, arrive in Italy, supplying the entire nation with methane gas at a good price. Italy has promoted the …


The 5 Disruptions, Anthony Hughes Apr 2024

The 5 Disruptions, Anthony Hughes

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

The end of GWOT, coupled with Russian failures in Ukraine, has created an uncertain strategic environment—similar to the environment after WWI. The Great War aftermath created a power vacuum exploited by rising powers—likewise, the GWOT and Russian aftermath has created a new multi-polar environment with a new actors competing to revise the balance of power. The emerging era is a Great Power competition marked by competitions between powers across different venues to accrue status relative to their competitors. After WWI, 5 Disruptions emerged to reshape the balance of power between states. These disruptions were: diplomatic, technical, military, economic and social. …


City On A Hill: A Reflection On Christian Ethic And Human Morality, Mayce Combs Apr 2024

City On A Hill: A Reflection On Christian Ethic And Human Morality, Mayce Combs

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

In John Winthrop’s sermon A Model of Christian Charity (1630), he spoke to his congregation of the mission God had called them to. With the creation of a new blended nation, the only way to be exceptional was to reflect the gospel in policy, action, and foremost thought. Philosophers from ancient times to today acknowledge that an individual is made up of the soul and their body. From the soul, comes thought, reason, empathy, and a connection to a divine being who deciphers what is morally unjust. The body is a sinful, self-seeking vessel that does not have the ability …


Examining Liberty In France And The United States Through Religious Accommodations In Education, Carly Hitchcock Apr 2024

Examining Liberty In France And The United States Through Religious Accommodations In Education, Carly Hitchcock

Honors Projects

Liberty is a key value of the United States of America and France as seen in their key phrases « Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité, » and “Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness”. Liberty can be broken down into two forms, positive liberty, or the freedom to something, and negative liberty, or the freedom from something. The separation of church and state is a primary pillar of both France and the United States, as it determines how the government of each country interacts with different religions. Public education is a primary socialization experience of citizens in both countries, where …


The Legal Culpability Of Emperor Hirohito In The Outbreak Of The Second Sino-Japanese War, Joseph Castellano Apr 2024

The Legal Culpability Of Emperor Hirohito In The Outbreak Of The Second Sino-Japanese War, Joseph Castellano

Honors Projects

An analysis of the legal culpability of Emperor Hirohito in the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War based on primary source evidence. Combines an examination of primary and secondary sources to demonstrate that Emperor Hirohito was legally responsible for his role in the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War.


Demographics Impact On Feelings Towards The Democratic And Republican Parties, Quinn Layden Apr 2024

Demographics Impact On Feelings Towards The Democratic And Republican Parties, Quinn Layden

Honors Projects

The purpose of this paper is to determine how the demographics of gender, race, religion, age, income, education, and political party affect feelings toward the Democratic and Republican parties in the United States. The American National Elections Study (ANES) data was used to create a multivariate linear regression for each of the Democratic and Republican parties that modeled how the demographics felt towards the parties. The ANES feeling thermometer was used to represent the group’s feelings towards each party. The model showed that there was a slightly strong correlation between demographics and feelings towards the Democratic and Republican parties. With …


Trump's 2016 Election Win: Why He Owes It To Jesus, Margaret Jones Apr 2024

Trump's 2016 Election Win: Why He Owes It To Jesus, Margaret Jones

Student Research Submissions

The election of Donald J. Trump in 2016 was a shock that rippled across America. It came out of the blue and was pushed forward by the most religious sect of the US population. This left many questioning the power that Trump held to sway these voters and convince them of his religious fervor. What many people did not pay attention to was the unique religious background that Trump had. He was raised in the church of Norman Vincent Peale, famed prosperity gospel minister and creator of the “Power of Positive Thinking.” Peale’s teachings revolved around the effect of confidence …


Tools Of Oppression: The Virginia School System And The School To Prison Pipeline, Natalie Johnson-Abbott Apr 2024

Tools Of Oppression: The Virginia School System And The School To Prison Pipeline, Natalie Johnson-Abbott

Student Research Submissions

This paper examines the intersection of race, cultural expression, and disciplinary practices within the American education system, focusing on Virginia's school districts. Recent legislative efforts, such as the CROWN Act in Texas, have sought to address discriminatory practices related to cultural expression in schools. Legal actions, like the lawsuit against the Winner School District in South Dakota, have aimed to rectify disparities in disciplinary outcomes for Indigenous students. However, meaningful reform requires more than just legislative and legal interventions; it necessitates a fundamental shift in educational practices to promote inclusivity and cultural sensitivity. This includes diversifying school staff, implementing culturally …


Defendant Attractiveness And Gender: A Question Of Juror Bias, Genevieve Smiley Apr 2024

Defendant Attractiveness And Gender: A Question Of Juror Bias, Genevieve Smiley

Honors Projects

Despite the United States’ punitive reputation, many perpetrators of sexual assault are often left unprosecuted. A reason for this, among many, may be the jury’s propensity for bias due to several extralegal factors. The current study examines the ways the extralegal factors of defendant attractiveness and gender affect juror decision-making in an acquaintance sexual assault case. Mock jurors read a short summary of a sexual assault case accompanied by a randomized photograph of a defendant manipulated by attractiveness and gender. Mock jurors were then asked to give determinations of guilt and sentencing length, their perceptions of the defendant, and responsibility …


How The Global Migration Crisis Created Social Change In Europe., Brandon Piehler Apr 2024

How The Global Migration Crisis Created Social Change In Europe., Brandon Piehler

Honors Projects

The Global Migration crisis started in 2015, when refugees began arriving on the shores of Europe. Europe had not seen a large-scale movement of refugees from middle eastern countries. This tested long standing agreements that defined relations between European countries. As a result, countries began to seek measures to restrict the flow of migrants across the continent. Migrants were meet with hostility from local populations and not welcomed by communities. The point of this honors project was to explore the social changes that the migration crisis caused. The historical backgrounds of different European countries helped dictate how they responded to …


Attitudes Around Space Exploration Among The Wsu Student Body, Nicholas L. Fryer Apr 2024

Attitudes Around Space Exploration Among The Wsu Student Body, Nicholas L. Fryer

Research & Creative Achievement Day

This is a research project that studies the attitudes among the Winona State University student population on the subject matter of space exploration. The survey was the result of a combined effort of students enrolled currently in POLS 410 and was distributed through the platform, Qualtrics. This poster is a Capstone project as required by the Political Science program.


Do Young People Consider Democratic Institutions To Be Sacrosanct?, Zachary D. Queensland Apr 2024

Do Young People Consider Democratic Institutions To Be Sacrosanct?, Zachary D. Queensland

Research & Creative Achievement Day

This research project strives to examine whether young people at Winona State University perceive fundamental democratic institutions to be sacrosanct. This survey was the result of a collaborative effort between students that are presently enrolled in POLS 410. The survey was submitted through Qualtrics and organized by students in the POLS 410 class. This poster is a Capstone Project as mandated by the Political Science Program.


Economic Inequality And Its Effects On Voting And Attitudes Toward Government, Logan D. Spano Apr 2024

Economic Inequality And Its Effects On Voting And Attitudes Toward Government, Logan D. Spano

Research & Creative Achievement Day

This is a research project that studies how economic inequality affects voting and attitudes towards the government, using data from students enrolled in Winona State University. The survey used is a combined effort of students in POLS 410 and is distributed to WSU students through Qualtrics. This poster is a Capstone project as required by the Political Science Program.


How Do Young People Feel About Voting And How To Increase Voter Turnout Among Young People, Jacob M. Brynjulfson Apr 2024

How Do Young People Feel About Voting And How To Increase Voter Turnout Among Young People, Jacob M. Brynjulfson

Research & Creative Achievement Day

This is a capstone research project required by the political science department for POLS 410. I am going to be researching how young people feel about voting at Winona State University. The survey I have used was submitted on Qualtrics and worked on by all the students in POLS 410.


The Perceived Value Of A University Education Among The Winona State University Student Body, Mason G. Moran Apr 2024

The Perceived Value Of A University Education Among The Winona State University Student Body, Mason G. Moran

Research & Creative Achievement Day

This is a research project studying how highly valued higher education is among students attending Winona State University. The survey was the result of a combined effort of the students currently enrolled in POLS 410 and distributed via Qualtrics. This poster is a Capstone Project as required by the Political Science Program.


Capitalism In Europe Vs. Latin America, Brandy Mace, Lucas E. Mainhart, Caleb Edwards, Dayton Lamb, Jesus Herrera-Herrera Apr 2024

Capitalism In Europe Vs. Latin America, Brandy Mace, Lucas E. Mainhart, Caleb Edwards, Dayton Lamb, Jesus Herrera-Herrera

ATU Research Symposium

Focusing on the years 1995 to 2023, what are the universal traits of capitalism versus the more varying or flexible traits, as demonstrated by comparing European and Latin American practices of capitalism. For the country comparisons, researchers have agreed on 3 common variables to evaluate the capitalist practices of a Latin American country with a European one. These shared variables are 1) The power of the country's currency, 2) The informal versus formal employment of the labor force, as well as unemployment rate, and 3) The income gap between the rich and poor. Each researcher will also include 1-3 additional …


Students' Thoughts On Use Of Political Violence And Other Forms Of Unconventional Political Participation, Joshua L. Hansen Apr 2024

Students' Thoughts On Use Of Political Violence And Other Forms Of Unconventional Political Participation, Joshua L. Hansen

Research & Creative Achievement Day

This research project is about Winona State student's thoughts on different forms of unconventional political participation such as riots and political movements where violence is used as a tool. Research was conducted through Qualtrics in a collaboration with peers in the same course. This survey was given to Winona state students and asked their thoughts on movements that have turned towards unconventional political participation methods. This project was done as a part of the Political Science and Public Administration program.


The Age Of Change? Young Adults And Third Party Politics In America, Ava M. Schroeder Apr 2024

The Age Of Change? Young Adults And Third Party Politics In America, Ava M. Schroeder

Research & Creative Achievement Day

This is a capstone research poster looking at college students' opinions on political parties in America. The research focuses on third parties and more particularly why they have failed in the past and what to expect as younger generations become increasingly involved in American politics. The research was conducted, via Qualtrics, by surveying Winona State University college students as a requirement of the Political Science and Public Administration program at Winona State University.


Human Rights Abuses In Post Conflict Societies & Subsequent Case Study On Guatemala, Morgan Van Beck Apr 2024

Human Rights Abuses In Post Conflict Societies & Subsequent Case Study On Guatemala, Morgan Van Beck

CSB and SJU Distinguished Thesis

No abstract provided.


Unmasking The Holder Of The Purse Strings: Countering Chinese Economic Coercion In The Indo-Pacific, Rachel L. Davis Apr 2024

Unmasking The Holder Of The Purse Strings: Countering Chinese Economic Coercion In The Indo-Pacific, Rachel L. Davis

Senior Honors Theses

The Indo-Pacific is a key focal point of U.S.-China competition due to its geographical, economic, and military significance. China is using political warfare to achieve its strategic goals in the region, influencing other nations to align with its interests. Economic coercion is a key tool of this warfare. This is evident in the Pacific Islands, among America’s treaty allies, in Southeast Asia, and in South Asia. To prove itself the superior partner, maintain access to key points of land, and keep the Indo-Pacific open for trade, the U.S. must counter China’s activities. This can be achieved via a stronger economic …


How Social Movements Have Influenced Child Custody Standards Over Time, Victoria Miller Apr 2024

How Social Movements Have Influenced Child Custody Standards Over Time, Victoria Miller

Honors Theses

Child custody standards have evolved over time due to societal attitude shifts regarding gender roles. The stereotypes present within the decision-making process of child custody laws have been challenged repeatedly in order to attack sexism within the laws. Child custody decisions are important for the child and family in question, because whichever parental guardian has custody over the child has the legal authority to make life changing choices for the child. These choices can include education, religion, and the environment the child grows and develops in. Parental choices can affect a child's mental and physical well-being, which makes it crucial …


The Development Of International Law In Relation To Crimes Against Humanity, Nikki Redelijk Apr 2024

The Development Of International Law In Relation To Crimes Against Humanity, Nikki Redelijk

Global Tides

This paper will look at the development of international law in relation to crimes against humanity. First, juridically applied at the Nuremberg Trials, crimes against humanity has historically offered a compelling juxtaposition between naturalist and positivist law. Hence, this paper attempts to shed light on these juxtapositions, as seen by the respective arguments taken up by the Allies and Germany at Nuremberg. Likewise, this paper will illustrate the complexities within the definition itself. Finally, this paper will clarify the differing definitions taken up at the various tribunals following Nuremberg, leading up to the Rome Statute. It is a hope, that …